EP0103192B1 - Brique en verre, mur d'éléments en verre et procédé pour poser et monter de tels élément en verre - Google Patents

Brique en verre, mur d'éléments en verre et procédé pour poser et monter de tels élément en verre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0103192B1
EP0103192B1 EP83108034A EP83108034A EP0103192B1 EP 0103192 B1 EP0103192 B1 EP 0103192B1 EP 83108034 A EP83108034 A EP 83108034A EP 83108034 A EP83108034 A EP 83108034A EP 0103192 B1 EP0103192 B1 EP 0103192B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glass
projections
glass component
glass components
frame structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83108034A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0103192A3 (en
EP0103192A2 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Wefels
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH
Original Assignee
Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19823233470 external-priority patent/DE3233470A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19833315942 external-priority patent/DE3315942A1/de
Application filed by Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH filed Critical Vegla Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH
Priority to AT83108034T priority Critical patent/ATE20369T1/de
Publication of EP0103192A2 publication Critical patent/EP0103192A2/fr
Publication of EP0103192A3 publication Critical patent/EP0103192A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0103192B1 publication Critical patent/EP0103192B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/42—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings of glass or other transparent material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glass block with a dimensionally accurate frame made of plastic, which is provided on its circumferential surfaces with projections and depressions for fitting the glass blocks.
  • Glass blocks of this type are known in which the dimensionally accurate frame is provided with tongue and groove-like recesses or projections which interlock when building a wall part from such glass blocks and serve as centering means (DE-A-22 63 127).
  • the frame can also be designed so that it is provided with lateral projections that extend to the glass edge of an adjacent glass block, while the frame of the adjacent glass block ends set back by the amount of these projections.
  • the well-known framed glass blocks are glued together on their abutting surfaces with the interposition of an adhesive.
  • the interlocking projections and recesses do not give each other the glass blocks with which they interact, but only prevent mutual displacement in one direction. Until the adhesive has set, a mutual displacement of the glass blocks in the other two directions is possible, which cannot be corrected after the adhesive has set.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a glass block of the type mentioned in such a way that the construction of a wall part from such glass blocks is further simplified and facilitated.
  • the frame should be designed so that the glass components can be connected to one another to form a firmly holding wall without the interposition of an adhesive layer.
  • the butt joints of the adjoining glass components should be sealed against the ingress of water, so that a wall constructed from such glass components is suitable for the creation of external walls both in terms of their mechanical strength and in terms of their tightness to moisture.
  • this object is achieved in that the peripheral surfaces of the frame are provided on the one hand with three-dimensional projections and recesses which define the mutual position of the components in two spatial directions and enable a fixed plug connection, and on the other hand along the narrow sides with load-bearing frame-shaped projections, and that
  • the frame consists of a plastic with a closed surface and a Shore D hardness of 70 to 85.
  • the geometrical design of the peripheral surfaces according to the invention combined with the special material properties of the material of the frame, results in a deliberate slight elastic deformation of the frame in the area of the frame-like projections lying against one another and taking over the pressure load, which ensures a secure seal of the butt joints against penetrating water.
  • This makes it possible to dispense with adhesive layers and ensures both the firm connection of the elements to one another and the permanent sealing against ingress of water through the design and material selection of the frame.
  • This not only means a significant simplification when laying, i.e. when building a wall part, but also has the consequence that the wall parts can be dismantled at any time later, and the glass blocks can easily be used again for building another wall part.
  • the actual glass body 1 of the glass block consists of two half-stones 1 and 1 b (FIG. 2), which are welded together to form a weld seam 2.
  • glass blocks produced by other processes can of course also be provided with the frame 3 according to the invention. It may even be possible to use two not yet connected half-stones instead of a complete glass block, and to provide them in the correct position with respect to one another with the frame, which in this case also has the task, in addition to the function according to the invention, for the fixed ones To ensure connection and sealing of the assembled glass block.
  • the frame 3 is arranged as a closed, dimensionally accurate frame on the entire peripheral surface of the glass body 1.
  • the outer dimensions of the frame 3 have narrow dimensional tolerances, so that the surfaces which interact with one another lie tightly against one another, and the connecting projections or depressions ensure a firm fit after being plugged together.
  • the frame 3 is produced, for example, in a manner known per se according to the so-called “reaction foam casting process”, which is also known as the RIM process (reaction injection molding).
  • reaction foam casting process which is also known as the RIM process (reaction injection molding).
  • the plastic is sprayed in liquid form onto the peripheral surface of the glass body 1 within a correspondingly designed molding tool.
  • the plastic hardens in the mold, so that the framed glass block is removed from the mold.
  • adhesion promoters In order to increase the adhesion of the plastic to the glass surface, it is possible to use adhesion promoters or “primers” which are matched to the respective plastic and which are applied to the peripheral surface of the glass body before the glass body is inserted into the mold.
  • adhesion promoters are commercially available and are selected in accordance with the plastic used for the framing.
  • the peripheral surface 4 can be roughened or provided with a structure such that the surface in contact with the plastic of the frame is substantially larger than in the smooth state.
  • This desired enlargement of the glass surface is achieved by appropriate design of the mold walls of the press molds with which the half stones 1 a, 1 b are pressed. Adequate enlargement of the glass surface can be achieved by corrugation, corrugation or other roughening of the wall of the press mold.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the frame 3 in the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is composed of a central flat surface 5, the connection projections 10 protruding from this surface 5, the connection recesses 12 projecting into the frame, the narrow sides 13 and the along the Narrow sides 13 arranged, from the surface 5 protruding strip-like supporting projections 7. These projections 7 form the actual force-transmitting contact surfaces between the individual glass blocks.
  • the projections 7 are separated from one another by a groove-shaped depression 8.
  • Each upper flat boundary surface of the projections 7 has a width B of approximately 2 to 4 mm
  • the groove-shaped recess 8 has a width b of 1 to 3 mm, preferably of approximately 2 mm.
  • This design of the projections 7 in connection with the elastic deformability of the plastic forming the frame creates a seal with favorable sealing properties.
  • the groove-shaped recesses 8 of the glass blocks arranged next to one another in a wall part constructed from these glass blocks are connected to one another, and the perpendicular groove-shaped recesses 8 form, as it were, groove-like cavities through which water which has possibly penetrated through the first sealing surface can run off.
  • the connecting projections 10 have the shape of circular cylinders. With a total thickness D of the glass block of 80 mm, its diameter d is approximately 40 mm.
  • the hollow cylindrical depressions 12 have corresponding dimensions.
  • the sealing projections 7 have a height H of, for example, 0.6 mm. When the glass blocks are joined together, this creates a cavity with a height of 1.2 mm between the flat boundary surfaces 5. This cavity serves for the insertion of reinforcement tapes 14.
  • the reinforcement tapes 14 have holes 15 punched in the intervals predetermined by the projections 10 or depressions 12 and consist of a 1 mm thick metal tape.
  • the reinforcement tapes 14 can be made of a suitable metal, such as Aluminum for low structural requirements, or stainless steel for very high structural requirements.
  • the sealing projections 7 can compress by this amount, which further improves the sealing.
  • the frame 3 consists of an integral foam, that is, a plastic with an unfoamed cover layer and a foamed core.
  • a hard polyurethane integral foam with a molded foam density of 400 to 700 kg / m 3 , an 8-modulus of elasticity according to DIN 53 423 from 950 to 1100 Mpa, a compressive strength according to DIN 53 421 at 10% compression of 10 is particularly suitable, for example up to 18 Mpa, a Shore D hardness according to DIN 53 505 from 70 to 85, and a linear thermal expansion coefficient according to DIN 53 122 of ⁇ 100 m / mK10 6 , each with a bulk density of 600 kg / m3.
  • the properties of the compact cover layer play a decisive role in these integral foams.
  • this cover layer also has a significantly higher modulus of elasticity than the integral material.
  • the elastic modulus of the top layer can assume values up to 2000 Mpa. The conditions mentioned are met in satisfactorily, for example, the integral foam from BAYER with the trade name BAYDUR 6510 F. With a bulk density of 600 kg / m 3, this material has a flexural modulus of elasticity of 1050 Mpa, a compressive strength of 12 Mpa, and a Shore D hardness of 79, and a linear thermal expansion coefficient of 90 m / mK10 6 .
  • a liquid blowing agent is added to the two polyol and isocyanate components which react to form the polyurethane, as a result of which the polyurethane formed during the reaction of the components foams.
  • thermoplastic plastics are also suitable for the frame, insofar as their material properties, in particular their compressive strength and their elastic properties, are comparable with those of the integral foams mentioned.
  • the projections lo and the depressions 12 for the plug connections can in principle be arranged in any arrangement.
  • two adjacent sides can be provided with projections and depressions, or, as in the exemplary embodiments shown, alternately one projection 10 and one depression 12 can be provided on each side of the peripheral surface.
  • recesses 16, 17, 18 are provided in the frame 3 at the points which are of no importance for the actual functions of the frame 3 with regard to the static properties and the tightness of a wall part composed of such glass blocks.
  • the amount of plastic material of the frame 3 is significantly reduced, which brings with it a cost advantage, which is particularly important when the plastic used is relatively expensive.
  • the frame 3 of the glass block can also, as shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, be provided in the middle with longitudinal grooves 19, 19 'which extend to the bottom of the depressions 16, 17, 18.
  • These longitudinal grooves 19, 19 ' serve to insert a tension wire 20, for example made of high-strength stainless steel.
  • a tensioning wire 20 which is anchored to the glass block at one end of a row of glass blocks with the aid of a disk 21 arranged in the recess 17, and at the other end of the row of glass blocks, for example with the aid of a threaded nut 22, a disk 23 and one at the end of the tension wire 20 arranged thread 24 engages the relevant glass block, the glass blocks can be braced against each other within a wall part.
  • connection of the glass blocks with the aid of such tensioning wires is particularly suitable for those cases in which the glass blocks are not assembled into flat wall surfaces, but rather, for example, into cylindrically curved wall surfaces.
  • the peripheral surfaces of the frame need to be formed on one or more sides with the desired inclination, so that two adjoining stones form an angle different from 180 degrees.
  • This method of mutual prestressing with the help of a tension wire also has the advantage that the required contact forces are generated exclusively in the wall part itself, without the adjacent structural parts being thereby put under tension.
  • the tensioning wire 20 can be seen within the longitudinal groove 19.
  • this illustration shows a possibility of how an additional seal can be achieved in the case of particularly high demands on the watertightness of a wall consisting of the glass blocks according to the invention.
  • An injection-capable, permanently elastic sealing compound 27, for example based on silicone, is injected under pressure through these bores 26 with the aid of a suitable spraying device provided with a cannula that can be inserted into the bore 26.
  • the sealing compound 27 flows under the effect of the pressure through the longitudinal groove 8 'and thus ensures a reliable additional seal.
  • these additional sealing measures are only carried out on the side of the wall part which is affected by moisture or water.
  • the width b ' is advantageously about 3 mm, and the height H 'about 1.5 mm.
  • the fastening projections arranged on the circumferential surfaces 5 have the shape of annular hollow cylinders 32.
  • the inner wall surface 33 is slightly conical in that the diameter increases somewhat towards the outside.
  • the outer wall surface 34 has a cylindrical shape.
  • the hollow cylinders are divided into four segments by radially extending slots 35, which gives them the required elasticity.
  • the fillet 36 at the foot of the hollow cylinder 32 also contributes to increasing the elasticity.
  • the depression provided for receiving this hollow cylinder 32 in the frame of the adjacent glass block accordingly has the shape of an annular channel 38.
  • the outer boundary surface 39 of the annular channel is cylindrical.
  • the inner boundary surface 40 of the ring channel 38 has a slightly conical shape and forms the outer surface of a conical body 41. This cone 41 serves as an expanding cone for the segments of the hollow cylinder 32.
  • the glass blocks are put together using hammer blows.
  • the segments of the hollow cylinder 32 are pressed apart by the expansion cone 41.
  • the expansion reaches its greatest extent at the edge of the hollow cylinder 32.
  • the hollow cylinder wall is anchored to a certain extent in the wall 39 of the ring channel near the base surface 42 of the ring channel 38, so that the force is introduced into the frame 3 at the most favorable point for reasons of strength becomes.
  • the taper of the cone 41 and the hollow cone surface 33 of the sleeve 32 is relatively low. Good results are achieved if the angle of inclination of the surface lines of the cone 41 is four to eight degrees, and preferably about five degrees. Under these conditions, the connection is self-locking after assembly, so that unwanted loosening of the connection cannot occur.
  • the cone 41 within the ring channel 38 can in turn also be designed as a hollow cone, in that it is merely designed as a ring. This saves material, on the one hand, and on the other hand, this cone can be given a certain elasticity, which can be advantageous with regard to possible manufacturing tolerances.
  • FIG. 8 Another method for further increasing the cohesion or the strength of a wall part composed of glass blocks according to the invention is shown in FIG. 8.
  • perforated strips 44 are clamped onto the narrow sides of the wall part.
  • the perforated strips 44 can be made of metal or plastic and can be cut to the required length at the construction site.
  • the perforated strips 44 are pushed onto the projections 10. Insofar as the glass blocks on this side do not have projections, but depressions 12, 12 connecting plugs 45 are inserted into these depressions, which take over the role of the projections at these points.
  • a perforated strip 44 'of a length corresponding to the width of the wall part is first fastened to the concrete or masonry base 46, for example with the aid of dowels. Then, cylindrical connecting plugs 45 are inserted into the recesses on the underside of the lowermost glass building blocks, and the bottom row of the glass building blocks are fastened to the perforated strip 44 ′ with the connecting projections 10 or the connecting plugs 45. After the wall part is put together in the desired size, connecting plugs 45 are also inserted into the recesses of the frame on the lateral and on the upper boundary surface of the wall part, and then perforated strips 44 are pushed over the connecting projections 10 or connecting plugs 45. The joints remaining up to the opening of the wall are then closed in the usual way, for example by mortar or by spraying with a plastic or plastic foam.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (23)

1.- Bloc de verre pourvu d'un encadrement de dimensions précises en matière plastique qui, sur ses faces périphériques, présente des saillies et des creux permettant une pose ajustée avec précision des éléments, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces périphériques de l'encadrement (3) sont pourvues d'une part de saillies (10) et d'évidements (12) tridimensionnels fixant la position réciproque des éléments de construction dans deux directions spatiales et permettant un emboîtement solide et, d'autre part, le long des côtés étroits (13), de saillies porteuses (7), et l'encadrement (3) est fait d'une matière plastique à surface fermée d'une dureté Shore D de 70 à 85.
2.- Bloc de verre suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les saillies (10) et les creux (12) qui permettent l'emboîtement ont la forme de cylindres circulaires de faible hauteur.
3.- Bloc de verre suivant les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les saillies porteuses (7) disposées le long des côtés étroits (13) de l'encadrement (3) sont chacune formées de deux nervures en forme de languettes entre lesquelles est prévue une rainure (8).
4.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'espace prévu entre les saillies (7) est destiné à l'insertion de bandes d'armature (14) faites de profilés plats présentant des perforations (15) livrant passage aux saillies d'assemblage (10).
5.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'encadrement (3) en matière plastique présente, dans la zone située entre les saillies porteuses (7), des évidements (16, 17) économisant de la matière.
6.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les saillies qui rendent possible l'assemblage à enfichage ou à emboîtement ont la forme de cylindres creux (18, 32).
7.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'encadrement (3) présente au moins sur deux côtés opposés l'un à l'autre, une fente (19) qui s'étend dans le sens longitudinal et qui est destinée à recevoir un fil de tension (20) assurant le serrage des blocs de verre les uns contre les autres.
8.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'encadrement (3) est fait d'une matière expansée à peau integrée en Polyuréthanne dur à noyau expansé et à couche de recouvrement non expansée.
9.- Bloc de verre suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la matière expansée à peau intégrée en polyuréthanne dur présente un coefficient d'élasticité en flexion d'environ 1050 MPa, une résistance à la compression (dans le cas d'un écrasement de 10%) de 12 MPa, une dureté Shore D de 79 et un coefficient de dilatation thermique linéaire de 90 mfm.K.106, chaque fois pour une masse volumique apparente à l'état expansé dans un moule de 800 kg/m3.
10.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'encadrement (3) est fait d'une matière thermoplastique.
11.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la surface périphérique (4) du corps de verre (1) liée à l'encadrement (3) est agrandie au moins à peu jusqu'au double par des stries, des irrégularités ou des rugosités quelconques.
12.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'entre la surface périphérique (4) du bloc (1) et l'encadrement en matière plastique (3) est intercalée une couche de matière adhésive.
13.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les saillies prévues sur les surfaces d'about ont la forme de cylindres creux annulaires (32) et les creux prévus dans l'encadrement ont la forme de canaux annulaires (38) entourant chaque fois un cône (41) qui va en se rétrécissant légérement vers l'extérieur, le cône, en coopérant avec le cylindre creux annulaire (32), pressant ce cylindre contre la paroi externe (39) du canal annulaire (38) entourant le cône (41).
14.- Bloc de verre suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les cylindres creux annulaires saillants (32) sont pourvus de fentes (35) qui s'étendent dans le sens de leur axe.
15.- Bloc de verre suivant la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que les fentes (35) sont orientées radialement.
16.- Bloc de verre suivant les revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la surface interne (33) du cylindre creux annulaire (32) est la surface periphérique d'un cône creux qui va en s'élargissant légérement vers l'extérieur.
17.- Bloc de verre suivant les revendications 13 à 16, caractérisé en ce que les cylindres creux annulaires (32), les canaux annulaires (38) et le cône (41) présentent chacun une section transversale circulaire.
18.- Bloc de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 13 à 17, caractérisé en ce que la conicité (40) du cône (41) et la surface interne (33) du cylindre creux annulaire (32) sont sélectionnées de telle sorte que, lorsque les pièces ou les surfaces en prise (40, 33) coopèrent l'une avec l'autre, un autocoincement se produit.
19.- Procédé de construction ou de montage d'une partie de paroi faite de blocs de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'on fixe une latte à trous (44') sur la base en maçonnerie (46) et sur cette latte à trous (44') déterminant la distance des éléments de construction en verre, on fixe (Fig. 8) les éléments de construction en verre inférieurs à l'aide des organes d'assemblage à enficher (10, 45).
20.- Procédé de construction ou de montage d'une partie de paroi faite de blocs de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 19, caractérisé en ce qu'après avoir installé une rangée de blocs de verre, on introduit dans la fente (19), un fil de tension (20) continu qui attaque les faces péripheriques externes des deux blocs de verre extérieurs de la rangée de blocs de verre, et on place les fils de tension en traction au moyen de dispositifs de serrage adéquats (pas de vis 24, écrou 22) de telle sorte que les blocs de verre soient pressés les uns contre les autres.
21.- Procédé de construction d'une partie de paroi en blocs de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 20, caractérisé en ce qu'après le montage de la partie de paroi, on fore dans le plan des faces d'about formées par les saillies (7), entre deux blocs de verre adjacents, des canaux (26) allant jusqu'à la rainure (8') et par ces canaux (26), on injecte dans la rainure (8'), une matière d'étanchéité qui reste élastique, par exemple une matière à base de silicone.
22.- Partie de paroi en blocs de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisée en ce que des lattes à trous (44) qui relient les éléments de construction en verre l'un à l'autre sont disposées sur un ou plusieurs des côtés-étroits de la partie de paroi (Fig. 8).
23.- Partie de paroi faite de blocs de verre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 19, caractérisée en ce que des fils de tension (20) sont insérés dans les fentes (19), ces fils agissant sur les deux blocs de verre extérieurs d'une rangée et serrant les uns contre les autres les blocs de verre des rangées voisines.
EP83108034A 1982-09-09 1983-08-13 Brique en verre, mur d'éléments en verre et procédé pour poser et monter de tels élément en verre Expired EP0103192B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108034T ATE20369T1 (de) 1982-09-09 1983-08-13 Glasbaustein, wandteil aus glasbauelementen, und verfahren zum verlegen und einbauen solcher glasbauelemente.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823233470 DE3233470A1 (de) 1982-09-09 1982-09-09 Glasbauelement, insbesondere glasbaustein, wandteil aus glasbauelementen, und verfahren zum verlegen und einbauen solcher glasbauelemente
DE3233470 1982-09-09
DE3315942 1983-05-02
DE19833315942 DE3315942A1 (de) 1983-05-02 1983-05-02 Glasbauelement, insbesondere glasbaustein, mit einer massgenauen umrahmung aus kunststoff

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0103192A2 EP0103192A2 (fr) 1984-03-21
EP0103192A3 EP0103192A3 (en) 1985-01-30
EP0103192B1 true EP0103192B1 (fr) 1986-06-11

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EP83108034A Expired EP0103192B1 (fr) 1982-09-09 1983-08-13 Brique en verre, mur d'éléments en verre et procédé pour poser et monter de tels élément en verre

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Country Link
US (1) US4628652A (fr)
EP (1) EP0103192B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3364068D1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0103192A3 (en) 1985-01-30
DE3364068D1 (en) 1986-07-17
US4628652A (en) 1986-12-16
EP0103192A2 (fr) 1984-03-21

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