EP0102519B1 - Paving stone or brick splitting device - Google Patents

Paving stone or brick splitting device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0102519B1
EP0102519B1 EP83107517A EP83107517A EP0102519B1 EP 0102519 B1 EP0102519 B1 EP 0102519B1 EP 83107517 A EP83107517 A EP 83107517A EP 83107517 A EP83107517 A EP 83107517A EP 0102519 B1 EP0102519 B1 EP 0102519B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
splitting
tools
pressure medium
tool
pressure
Prior art date
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Expired
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EP83107517A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0102519A1 (en
Inventor
Friedhelm Porsfeld
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT83107517T priority Critical patent/ATE22543T1/en
Priority to DE8585113329T priority patent/DE3378749D1/en
Publication of EP0102519A1 publication Critical patent/EP0102519A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0102519B1 publication Critical patent/EP0102519B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/12—Fluid oscillators or pulse generators
    • F15B21/125—Fluid oscillators or pulse generators by means of a rotating valve
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/22—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
    • B28D1/222—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising by pressing, e.g. presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/26—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by impact tools, e.g. by chisels or other tools having a cutting edge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a paving and brick splitting device.
  • a paving and masonry splitting device is known with an upper tool which is driven to oscillate in a frame and which interacts with a lower tool, the upper and lower tools each comprising a plurality of individual splitting wedges which can be moved relative to one another in the splitting direction, which are hydraulically supported.
  • the upper tool is fed hydraulically.
  • the known device has an extremely complicated positioning device for the rock to be split between the upper and lower splitting wedges.
  • the positioning device comprises stationary fingers, vertically and horizontally movable fingers and lateral centering devices. The positioning fingers are used to lift the incoming rock slightly and to carry it between the lower and upper riving knife. Such a measure is also necessary in the known device because a work table serving as an abutment is missing. For this reason, the lateral centering device is also required.
  • EP-A-0066276, which forms a prior art according to Art. 54 (3) to arrange a work table which is flexible in the splitting direction and has a slot-shaped opening for the passage of the lower tool within the splitting device the work table is to be supported by hydraulically, pneumatically or hydro-pneumatically controlled piston-cylinder units in such a way that the work table moves downwards when the stone material is split and after the split the upward movement of the upper tool returns to its upper starting position moves so that the lower tool is under the work surface of the work table.
  • the resilient support of the work table is disadvantageous for very non-uniform stones, since the table then assumes an undesired inclined position due to the corresponding non-uniform load, which leads to an undesirable fractured surface.
  • a controlled, parallel lowering of the work table during the splitting process is ensured even with very irregularly shaped and thus unevenly weighted rock.
  • the desired fracture surface is ensured.
  • the controlled lowering of the work table is also independent of the weight of the stone to be split. With very different stone weights z. B. a mere deactivation of the hydraulic support elements lead to the risk that the table sinks prematurely in the case of very heavy stones, the stone to be split tilts to one side over the lower tool and thus an uncontrolled splitting process takes place.
  • the proposed support of the work table prevents elasticities from being released after splitting, which result in the throwing up of rocks and thus an increased risk of injury to the operator.
  • the present invention is based on the object of additionally increasing the splitting power of the splitting device described in EP-A-0065276 while maintaining the advantages of the proposed splitting device.
  • the measures according to claims 1 to 5 achieve extremely precise fracture surfaces with a relatively low initial pressure for the advance of the upper tool be, whereby the break times can be significantly reduced.
  • Particularly high fission rates are obtained when the pressure medium pulsation is in the resonance range of the rock to be fissured.
  • the pressure medium frequency can vary, e.g. B. in the constructive embodiment according to claim 2 by changing the speed of the rotary piston drive.
  • the splitting device shown schematically in Fig. 2 consists of a portal frame 12 with upper and lower cross members 28 and 30, which are designed as truss girders.
  • the frame 12 is a welded construction of a conventional type.
  • Upper and lower tools 10 and 16 which are assigned to one another, are arranged next to one another on the upper and lower cross members, with only the upper tools 10 being able to oscillate back and forth in the illustrated embodiment, or being movable toward and away from the stationary lower tools 16 .
  • the upper tools each have a common linear bearing 18 on the sides facing each other, each consisting of an upright or extending in the gap direction guide profile 24 attached to the underside of the upper crossmember 28, the guide strips or guide bars arranged on the mutually facing sides of adjacent upper tools 10 plates 26, 26 'cooperate.
  • the outer sides of the respective outer upper tools 10 are slidably mounted in longitudinal guides 20 attached to the frame 12, these longitudinal guides being designed in a manner corresponding to the linear bearings 18.
  • the upper tools 10 are each attached to the underside 'of a piston rod 21 which is assigned to a working piston 23 (FIG. 1) which can be pushed back and forth in the working cylinder 22.
  • Each upper tool 10 can be moved up and down individually or together, a fluid connection being present between the individual working cylinders 22, so that the upper tools can adapt spontaneously to the surface of the top of the stone to be split. if necessary, individual upper tools can be deactivated by decoupling them from the hydraulic drive.
  • the up and down movable upper tools 10 are each assigned a correspondingly designed lower tool 16, which is arranged below a work table 14.
  • the work table 14 In the area of the lower tool 16, the work table 14 has a slot-shaped opening.
  • the work table is supported on the frame 12 by means of hydraulically controlled piston-cylinder units.
  • the hydraulic support units When a stone pushed into the area between the upper tools 10 and the lower tools 16, the hydraulic support units are deactivated, as a result of which the work table is moved downward by the pressure exerted on the stone by the upper tools 10, so that the lower witness 16 through the slots in the work table 14 can be effective.
  • EP-A-0 065 276 With regard to the control of the up and down movement of the work table, reference is also made to EP-A-0 065 276.
  • the upper and lower tools assigned to one another each have individual riving wedges 38 and 40 which are movable relative to one another in the splitting direction and are preferably hydraulically supported. This enables the splitting tools to be optimally adapted to rough, uneven stone surfaces.
  • the individual riving knives are slidably mounted in a common cylinder body, which is part of the upper or lower tool, in the splitting direction or direction of action of the splitting tool, the cylinder spaces associated with the individual riving knives and preferably filled with oil being fluidly connected to one another.
  • EP-A-0 065 276 With regard to the structural design of the fluid connection and of the upper and lower tools, reference is made to the already mentioned EP-A-0 065 276.
  • the lowering movement of the work table 14 inevitably takes place in time with the upper tools 10 which can be moved vertically up and down, in such a way that the work table 14 is raised during the return stroke of the upper tools 10.
  • the stone material can then be easily moved and positioned on the table top. Due to this kinematics, the device according to the invention can also be coupled very well with an automatic stone material feed, this stone feed preferably working in the same cycle as the upper tools.
  • the hydraulic drive of the upper tools will be discussed in more detail below. However, it should be mentioned in advance that the hydraulic drive of the upper tools 10 is designed so that when a predetermined reaction force acting on them is exceeded in the direction of the same, that is, they yield or deflect upwards.
  • the hydraulic system can preferably also be designed such that, in the event of a sudden pressure increase, the immediate return stroke movement of the upper tools is initiated, specifically individually, that is to say those upper tools which are affected by an excessive reaction force. This measure allows the tool cutting to break from the upper and largely avoid the lower tool if the reaction forces are too high (overload protection).
  • the above problem can be solved in the event of a common return stroke of the upper tools 10 in the event of an overload in that a hydraulic valve is provided in the derivation of the piston-cylinder unit (hydraulic cylinder 22) assigned to at least one upper tool 10, which is used for the return stroke of the upper tools 10 can be brought into a reverse position, the switchover taking place as a function of the pressure prevailing in the hydraulic system (pressure switch possibly with electrical signal conversion).
  • a hydraulic valve is provided in the derivation of the piston-cylinder unit (hydraulic cylinder 22) assigned to at least one upper tool 10, which is used for the return stroke of the upper tools 10 can be brought into a reverse position, the switchover taking place as a function of the pressure prevailing in the hydraulic system (pressure switch possibly with electrical signal conversion).
  • the positioning movement of the upper tools 10 preferably takes place in the low pressure range and only the actual splitting work in the high pressure range up to about 500 bar, while the return stroke movement of the upper tools generally takes place in the low pressure range.
  • the work table 14 is also raised by low pressure (coupling with the drive hydraulics for the upper tools).
  • the hydraulic system is also designed so that if the pressure suddenly drops, the return stroke movement of the upper tools 10 is also initiated.
  • a sudden drop in pressure means that the stone material is broken or that there is a defect in the hydraulic system.
  • the working cylinders 22 are preferably preceded by a hydraulic control unit 35, the function of which will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1a to 1c.
  • the hydraulic control device 35 is intended to ensure that the pressure medium used to advance the working pistons 23 is introduced or introduced into the working cylinders 22, only one of which is shown in FIG. 1a, in a vibrating manner on the sides of the working piston facing away from the upper tools 10 .
  • the control device 35 comprises a rotary piston 39 which is rotatably mounted in a control housing 37 and can be connected to an external rotary drive (not shown), the connection being identified by the reference number 61 in FIG. 1b.
  • the control housing 37 has a pressure medium inlet 33 which is divided into three inlet channels 41, 42 and 43. These three inlet channels each communicate with an annular groove 44, 45 and 46 along the circumference of the rotary piston 39.
  • the annular grooves 44, 45 and 46 each have four lateral recesses 44 ', 44 ", 44"', which are evenly distributed along the circumference. 44 "" or 45 ', 45 "; 45"', 45 “” or 46 ', 46 ", 46”', 46 "” through which a pulsating fluid connection between the ring grooves 44, 45, 46 with the Pressure medium outlet 47 leading outlet channels 53, 54, 55 can be produced.
  • the pressure medium flow is divided into twelve partial flows when the rotary piston 39 rotates. With one revolution of the rotary piston 39, 12 pressure pulses are thus obtained at the pressure medium outlet 47.
  • the hydraulic control unit (pulse generator) 35 is arranged in such a way that the pressure medium outlet 47 is fluidly connected to the cylinder spaces 48 which are respectively opposite the piston rods of the working pistons 23.
  • the pressure medium inlet 33 of the control device or pulse generator 35 is fluidly connected via a line 62 to the high-pressure part 64 of a hydraulic pump 66.
  • the control device 35 can be bypassed by a by-pass line 67, in which a pressure-controlled valve 68 is arranged.
  • the working pistons can be acted upon from two sides in the working cylinders 22, the cylinder spaces 49 respectively assigned to the piston rod 21 and the upper tool 10 being connected via a line 69 to the low-pressure part 63 of the pressure medium pump 66 or, depending on the circuitry, of a multi-way valve 71 arranged in this line Pressure medium reservoir 70 are fluidly connectable.
  • a further line 72 opens into the cylinder spaces 48 facing away from the piston rod 21 and is connected directly to the reservoir 70 via a hydraulically switched check valve 73.
  • the line 62 arranged parallel to it can also be fluidly connected directly to the reservoir 70 via a hydraulically switched check valve 74, the hydraulically switched check valve 74 being arranged in the line 62 connected to the high pressure part 64 of the pressure medium pump 66.
  • Two further fluid connections are provided between the high-pressure line 62 and the aforementioned connection line 75 leading to the reserve valve 70, one safety valve 76 being arranged in one and the other a switching valve 77 which is closed in the high-pressure phase and in the low-pressure phase is opened.
  • the high-pressure part 64 of the pressure medium pump 66 can thus continue to operate unchanged in the low-pressure phase.
  • the pressure medium under high pressure is then pumped back directly into the reservoir via the switching valve 77.
  • the safety valve 76 opens at 400 bar.
  • the section of the line 69 which lies between the multi-way valve 71 and the low-pressure part 63 of the pressure medium pump 66 can be fluidly connected directly to the reservoir 70 via a line 78, in the connection line 78 a pressure-controlled valve 79 is arranged such that it is opened during the high pressure phase. Then, during the high pressure phase, that is to say when the working pistons 23 or the piston rods 21 or the upper tools 10 attached to them are fed in the direction of the arrow P, the low pressure part 63 of the pressure medium pump 66 can continue to operate unchanged. The low pressure pressure medium is then pumped back directly into the reservoir 70 via the line 78.
  • Measuring points M1 and M2 are provided in the low-pressure line 69 and high-pressure line 62 for determining defects in the hydraulic system.
  • the working pressure is about 30 bar, while the operating pressure is preferably 350 bar.
  • valves 68 and 77 are opened and the valve 79 is closed.
  • the high-pressure pressure medium arrives directly back into the reservoir 70 via the switching valve 77.
  • the multi-way valve 71 is simultaneously switched so that the low-pressure line 69 coming from the low-pressure part 63 of the pressure medium pump 66 is in fluid communication with the parts 49 of the working cylinders 22 facing the piston rods 21 stands so that the working piston 23 can be moved back with low pressure. Since the return movement is to take place very quickly, the pressure medium must be able to escape quickly from the working cylinders 22 on the sides facing away from the piston rods 21.
  • a check valve 78 is arranged in the latter, which ensures a backflow in the low-pressure line 69 to the low-pressure part 63 the pressure medium pump 66 prevented.
  • a connection line 51 to the hydraulic support units 50 of FIG. 1a is only connected to the low-pressure line 69 between the multi-way valve 71 and the working cylinders 22.
  • a pressure-controlled valve 52 is arranged in this connecting line 51, which allows the work table 14 to be lowered in a controlled manner in the direction of the arrow 1 during the high pressure phase, that is to say when the upper tools 10 move in the direction of the arrow P.
  • the valve 52 thus serves as a throttle for the backflow of pressure medium from the hydraulic support units 50 into the reservoir 70 via the multi-way valve 71 and the connecting line 75. In the reverse direction of flow, that is to say in the low-pressure phase, the valve 52 acts as a barrier.
  • the low-pressure pressure medium then flows bypassing the valve 52 via a by-pass line 56 and a check valve 57 back into the hydraulic support units 50, as a result of which the work table 14 is raised back to its starting position in the direction of the arrow A.
  • the Lifting the work table 14 and the return movement of the upper tools 10 into their upper starting position are thus carried out synchronously.
  • a measuring point M3 is also provided in the connecting line 51 for determining any defects.
  • the throttling action of the valve 52 assigned to the hydraulic support units 50 can preferably be varied, in particular as a function of the high pressure acting on the working piston 23. This ensures that when switching to the high-pressure phase, the work table 14 does not suddenly fall off, so that the stone to be split tilts uncontrollably before the action of the upper tool or tools 10 over the cutting edge or cutting of the lower tools, as a result of which undesirable fractured surfaces would be obtained.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Road Repair (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

1. Paving stone and brick splitting device, in which at least two top tools (10) oscillating in a framework (12), and which operate in conjunction with two correspondingly arranged bottom tools, and where the drive of the top tools (10) is hydraulic, and where the top und bottom tool include several individual splitting wedges (38 to 40) which can be moved about in relation to one another, and which for preference are hydraulically chocked, and by a working table (14) chocked in flexibly moveable fashion in the direction of the splitting in the frame (12) with a slit-shaped opening (36) for the passing through of the bottom tools (16) of such a kind, that the working table (14) is moved downwards during splitting of the stone or brick and after splitting is moved, correspondingly to the backwards movement of the top tools (10), back into its upper initial position, so that the bottom tools (16) lie under the working surface of the working table (14), whereby the top (10) and bottom (16) tools arranged against one another in the frame (12) are arranged against one another at any time and the top tools (10) show a common linear bearing (18) to the sides facing one another.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pflaster- und Mauerstein-Spaltvorrichtung.The invention relates to a paving and brick splitting device.

Aus der US-PS-4 203 414 ist eine Pflaster- und Mauerstein-Spaltvorrichtung bekannt mit einem in einem Rahmen oszillierend angetriebenen Oberwerkzeug, das mit einem Unterwerkzeug zusammenwirkt, wobei Ober- und Unterwerkzeug jeweils mehrere in Spaltrichtung relativ zueinander bewegbare Einzel-Spaltkeile umfassen, die hydraulisch abgestützt sind. Der Vorschub des Oberwerkzeuges erfolgt hydraulisch. Die bekannte Vorrichtung weist eine äußerst komplizierte Positioniereinrichtung für das zu spaltende Gestein zwischen den oberen und unteren Spaltkeilen auf. Die Positioniereinrichtung umfaßt ortsfeste Finger, vertikal und horizontal bewegliche Finger sowie seitliche Zentriereinrichtungen. Die Positionierfinger dienen dazu, das ankommende Gestein etwas anzuheben und zwischen die unteren und oberen Spaltkeile zu tragen. Eine derartige Maßnahme ist bei der bekannten Vorrichtung auch notwendig, da ein als Widerlager dienender Arbeitstisch fehlt. Aus diesem Grunde ist auch die seitliche Zentriereinrichtung erforderlich.From US-PS-4 203 414 a paving and masonry splitting device is known with an upper tool which is driven to oscillate in a frame and which interacts with a lower tool, the upper and lower tools each comprising a plurality of individual splitting wedges which can be moved relative to one another in the splitting direction, which are hydraulically supported. The upper tool is fed hydraulically. The known device has an extremely complicated positioning device for the rock to be split between the upper and lower splitting wedges. The positioning device comprises stationary fingers, vertically and horizontally movable fingers and lateral centering devices. The positioning fingers are used to lift the incoming rock slightly and to carry it between the lower and upper riving knife. Such a measure is also necessary in the known device because a work table serving as an abutment is missing. For this reason, the lateral centering device is also required.

Das Zusammenspiel zwischen den diversen Positionierfingern und der seitlichen Zentriereinrichtung erlauben nur eine begrenzte Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit. Es besteht auch die Gefahr, daß nach jedem Spaltvorgang die gespaltenen Gesteinsbrocken von den Positionierfingern unkontrolliert auf den Boden fallen und ggf. eine Bedienungsperson verletzen. Auch ist nicht gewährleistet, daß das zu spaltende Gestein auf den Positionierfingern in der gewünschten Lage gehalten wird. Fehlspaltungen und Absplitterungen können nicht ausgeschlossen werden.The interaction between the various positioning fingers and the side centering device only allow a limited working speed. There is also the risk that after each splitting process the split rocks fall uncontrollably from the positioning fingers onto the floor and possibly injure an operator. There is also no guarantee that the rock to be split will be held in the desired position on the positioning fingers. Bad splits and splinters cannot be excluded.

Zur Vermeidung dieser Nachteile hat der Erfinder in der einen Stand der Technik nach Art. 54(3) bildenden EP-A-0066276 vorgeschlagen, im Rahmen der Spaltvorrichtung einen in Spaltrichtung nachgiebig bewegbaren Arbeitstisch mit einer schlitzförmigen Öffnung für den Durchtritt des Unterwerkzeuges anzuordnen, wobei die Abstützung des Arbeitstisches über hydraulisch, pneumatisch oder hydro-pneumatisch gesteuerte Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten erfolgen soll, derart, daß der Arbeitstisch sich beim Spalten des Steinmaterials nach unten und nach dem Spalten sich entsprechend der Rückbewegung des Oberwerkzeuges in seine obere Ausgangslage wieder nach oben bewegt, so daß das Unterwerkzeug unter der Arbeitsfläche des Arbeitstisches liegt.To avoid these disadvantages, the inventor proposed in EP-A-0066276, which forms a prior art according to Art. 54 (3), to arrange a work table which is flexible in the splitting direction and has a slot-shaped opening for the passage of the lower tool within the splitting device the work table is to be supported by hydraulically, pneumatically or hydro-pneumatically controlled piston-cylinder units in such a way that the work table moves downwards when the stone material is split and after the split the upward movement of the upper tool returns to its upper starting position moves so that the lower tool is under the work surface of the work table.

Aus der US-PS-3161 190 ist bei einer handbetätigten Ziegelbrech-Vorrichtung per se bekannt, einen durch Federn abgestützten Arbeitstisch vorzusehen, der einen schlitzförmigen Durchgang für ein unteres Spalt- bzw. Brechwerkzeug aufweist. Diese bekannte Vorrichtung ist jedoch nur für relativ leicht zu spaltendes Material geeignet. Bei Spaltkräften wie sie beim Spalten von Granitgestein auftreten, wäre die federnde Abstützung des Arbeitstisches ungeeignet, ja sogar gefährlich. Die nach dem Spalten frei werdenden Elastizitäten der Druckfedern würden ein Hochschleudern bzw. Wegschleudern von Gesteinsbrocken bewirken mit der Folge erhöhter Verletzungsgefahr für das Bedienungspersonal.From US-PS-3161 190 it is known per se in a manually operated brick breaking device to provide a spring-supported work table which has a slot-shaped passage for a lower splitting or breaking tool. However, this known device is only suitable for relatively easy to split material. The resilient support of the work table would be unsuitable and even dangerous in the case of splitting forces such as occur when splitting granite rock. The elasticity of the compression springs that is released after splitting would cause rock pieces to be thrown up or thrown away, with the result that there is an increased risk of injury to the operating personnel.

Außerdem ist die federnde Abstützung des Arbeitstisches für stark ungleichförmige Steine nachteilig, da dann der Tisch aufgrund entsprechend ungleichförmiger Belastung eine unterwünschte Schräglage einnimmt, die zu einer unerwünschten Bruchfläche führt.In addition, the resilient support of the work table is disadvantageous for very non-uniform stones, since the table then assumes an undesired inclined position due to the corresponding non-uniform load, which leads to an undesirable fractured surface.

Gegenüber dem Stand der Technik nach Art. 54(2) zeichnet sich der in EP-A-o 065 276 beschriebene Vorschlag durch eine äußerst bequeme und sichere Handhabung aus. Durch die Anordnung eines ebenen Arbeitstisches oberhalb des Unterwerkzeuges kann das zu spaltende Gestein gut und sicher zwischen Ober- und Unterwerkzeug positioniert werden.Compared to the prior art according to Art. 54 (2), the proposal described in EP-A-0 065 276 is characterized by extremely convenient and safe handling. By arranging a flat work table above the lower tool, the rock to be split can be positioned well and safely between the upper and lower tools.

Von großer Bedeutung ist jedoch die vorgeschlagene Abstützung des Arbeitstisches. Dank der Zwangssteuerung der Auf- und Abbewegung des Arbeitstisches wird ein kontrollierter Spaltvorgang erzielt unabhängig von

  • - der Form des zu spaltenden Gesteins und
  • - des Gewichts bzw. der Gewichtsverteilung des zu spaltenden Gesteins.
However, the proposed support of the work table is of great importance. Thanks to the forced control of the up and down movement of the work table, a controlled splitting process is achieved independently of
  • - the shape of the rock to be split and
  • - The weight or the weight distribution of the rock to be split.

Auch bei stark ungleichförmig gestaltetem und damit ungleichförmig gewichtetem Gestein ist eine kontrollierte parallele Absenkung des Arbeitstisches während des Spaltvorganges gewährleistet. Die gewünschte Bruchfläche wird sichergestellt. Die gesteuerte Absenkung des Arbeitstisches ist auch unabhängig von dem Gewicht des zu spaltenden Gesteins. Bei stark unterschiedlichen Steingewichten würde z. B. eine bloße Deaktivierung der hydraulischen Stützelemente zu der Gefahr führen, daß bei sehr schweren Steinen der Tisch vorzeitig absinkt, der zu spaltende Stein über das Unterwerkzeug nach einer Seite hin abkippt und damit ein unkontrollierter Spaltvorgang stattfindet.A controlled, parallel lowering of the work table during the splitting process is ensured even with very irregularly shaped and thus unevenly weighted rock. The desired fracture surface is ensured. The controlled lowering of the work table is also independent of the weight of the stone to be split. With very different stone weights z. B. a mere deactivation of the hydraulic support elements lead to the risk that the table sinks prematurely in the case of very heavy stones, the stone to be split tilts to one side over the lower tool and thus an uncontrolled splitting process takes place.

Schließlich wird durch die vorgeschlagene Abstützung des Arbeitstisches vermieden, daß nach dem Spalten Elastizitäten frei werden, die ein Hochschleudern von Gesteinsbrocken und damit eine erhöhte Verletzungsgefahr für die Bedienungsperson zur Folge haben.Finally, the proposed support of the work table prevents elasticities from being released after splitting, which result in the throwing up of rocks and thus an increased risk of injury to the operator.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Spaltleistung der in der EP-A-0065276 beschriebenen Spaltvorrichtung zusätzlich zu erhöhen unter Beibehaltung der Vorteile der vorgeschlagenen Spaltvorrichtung.The present invention is based on the object of additionally increasing the splitting power of the splitting device described in EP-A-0065276 while maintaining the advantages of the proposed splitting device.

Hinsichtlich der Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird auf den Patentanspruch 1 verwiesen. Die Patentansprüche 2 bis 5 enthalten zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen des Gegenstands des Anspruchs 1.With regard to the solution of this problem, reference is made to claim 1. Claims 2 to 5 contain expedient refinements of the subject matter of claim 1.

Betriebsinterne Versuche des Erfinders haben gezeigt, daß durch die Maßnahmen nach den Patentansprüchen 1 bis 5 äusserst exakte Bruchflächen bei relativ geringem Ausgangsdruck für den Vorschub des Oberwerkzeuges erzielt werden, wobei auch die Bruchzeiten sich dadurch erheblich reduzieren lassen. Besonders hohe Spaltleistungen erhält man dann, wenn die Druckmittelpulsation im Resonanzbereich des zu spaltenden Gesteins liegt. Vorzugsweise läßt sich die Druckmittel-Frequenz variieren, z. B. bei der konstruktiven Ausführungsform nach Patentanspruch 2 durch Änderung der Drehzahl des Drehkolbenantriebes.In-house tests by the inventor have shown that the measures according to claims 1 to 5 achieve extremely precise fracture surfaces with a relatively low initial pressure for the advance of the upper tool be, whereby the break times can be significantly reduced. Particularly high fission rates are obtained when the pressure medium pulsation is in the resonance range of the rock to be fissured. Preferably, the pressure medium frequency can vary, e.g. B. in the constructive embodiment according to claim 2 by changing the speed of the rotary piston drive.

Nachstehend wird eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Spaltvorrichtung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1a einen hydraulischen Schaltplan für den hydraulischen Antrieb des bzw. der Oberwerkzeuge einer Spaltvorrichtung mit hydraulisch abgestütztem Arbeitstisch,
  • Figur 1 ein den den Oberwerkzeugen der Spaltvorrichtung zugeordneten Arbeitszylindern vorgeschaltetes Steuergerät zur Erzeugung einer vibrierenden Verstellung der Oberwerkzeuge in Spaltrichtung im Längsschnitt, und
  • Figur 1c das Steuergerät nach Fig. 1b im Querschnitt,
  • Figur 2 einen Teil einer Mehrfach-Spaltvorrichtung in Frontansicht.
A preferred embodiment of the splitting device according to the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it :
  • 1a shows a hydraulic circuit diagram for the hydraulic drive of the upper tool or tools of a splitting device with a hydraulically supported work table,
  • 1 shows a control device connected upstream of the working cylinders assigned to the upper tools of the splitting device for generating a vibrating adjustment of the upper tools in the splitting direction in longitudinal section, and
  • 1c shows the control unit according to FIG. 1b in cross section,
  • Figure 2 shows a part of a multiple splitting device in front view.

Die in Fig. 2 schematisch dargestellte Spaltvorrichtung besteht aus einem Portalrahmen 12 mit oberem und unterem Querträger 28 bzw. 30, die als Fachwerkträger ausgebildet sind. Der Rahmen 12 ist eine Schweißkonstruktion herkömmlicher Art.The splitting device shown schematically in Fig. 2 consists of a portal frame 12 with upper and lower cross members 28 and 30, which are designed as truss girders. The frame 12 is a welded construction of a conventional type.

Am oberen und unteren Querträger sind einander zugeordnete Ober- und Unterwerkzeuge 10 bzw. 16 nebeneinander angeordnet, wobei bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform lediglich die Oberwerkzeuge 10 oszillierend hin- und her bewegbar bzw. auf die stationär angeordnete Unterwerkzeuge 16 zu und von dieser wieder weg bewegbar sind. Die Oberwerkzeuge weisen an den einander zugekehrten Seiten jeweils ein gemeinsames Linearlager 18 auf, jeweils bestehend aus einem an der Unterseite des oberen Querträgers 28 befestigten aufrechten bzw. sich in Spaltrichtung erstreckenden Führungsprofil 24, das mit an den einander zugekehrten Seiten benachbarter Oberwerkzeuge 10 angeordnete Führungsleisten bzw. -platten 26, 26' zusammenwirkt.Upper and lower tools 10 and 16, which are assigned to one another, are arranged next to one another on the upper and lower cross members, with only the upper tools 10 being able to oscillate back and forth in the illustrated embodiment, or being movable toward and away from the stationary lower tools 16 . The upper tools each have a common linear bearing 18 on the sides facing each other, each consisting of an upright or extending in the gap direction guide profile 24 attached to the underside of the upper crossmember 28, the guide strips or guide bars arranged on the mutually facing sides of adjacent upper tools 10 plates 26, 26 'cooperate.

Die Außenseiten der jeweils äußeren Oberwerkzeuge 10 sind in am Rahmen 12 befestigten Längsführungen 20 verschieblich gelagert, wobei diese Längsführungen in entsprechender Weise wie die Linearlager 18 ausgebildet sind.The outer sides of the respective outer upper tools 10 are slidably mounted in longitudinal guides 20 attached to the frame 12, these longitudinal guides being designed in a manner corresponding to the linear bearings 18.

Die Oberwerkzeuge 10 sind jeweils an der Unterseite' einer Kolbenstange 21 befestigt, die einem im Arbeitszylinder 22 hin- und herverschiebbaren Arbeitskolben 23 (Fig.1) zugeordnet ist. Jedes Oberwerkzeug 10 ist individuell oder gemeinsam auf- und abbewegbar, wobei zwischen den einzelnen Arbeitszylindern 22 eine Fluidverbindung vorhanden ist, so daß die Oberwerkzeuge sich spontan an die Oberfläche der Oberseite des zu spaltenden Steins anpassen können. bei Bedarf können einzelne Oberwerkzeuge außer Funktion gesetzt werden durch entsprechende Entkoppelung vom Hydraulikantrieb.The upper tools 10 are each attached to the underside 'of a piston rod 21 which is assigned to a working piston 23 (FIG. 1) which can be pushed back and forth in the working cylinder 22. Each upper tool 10 can be moved up and down individually or together, a fluid connection being present between the individual working cylinders 22, so that the upper tools can adapt spontaneously to the surface of the top of the stone to be split. if necessary, individual upper tools can be deactivated by decoupling them from the hydraulic drive.

Den auf- und abbewegbaren Oberwerkzeugen 10 ist jeweils ein entsprechend ausgebildetes Unterwerkzeug 16 zugeordnet, das unterhalb eines Arbeitstisches 14 angeordnet ist. Im Bereich des Unterwerkzeuges 16 weist der Arbeitstisch 14 jeweils eine schlitzförmige Öffnung auf. Der Arbeitstisch ist über hydraulisch gesteuerte Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten am Rahmen 12 abgestützt. Beim Spalten eines in den Bereich zwischen den Oberwerkzeugen 10 und den Unterwerkzeugen 16 geschobenen Steins werden die hydraulischen Abstütz-Einheiten deaktiviert, wodurch der Arbeitstisch durch den von den Oberwerkzeugen 10 auf den Stein ausgeübten Druck nach unten bewegt wird, so daß die U.nterwerk- zeuge 16 durch die Schlitze im Arbeitstisch 14 hindurch wirksam werden können. Hinsichtlich der Steuerung der Auf- und Abbewegung des Arbeitstisches wird ergänzend auf EP-A-0 065 276 verwiesen.The up and down movable upper tools 10 are each assigned a correspondingly designed lower tool 16, which is arranged below a work table 14. In the area of the lower tool 16, the work table 14 has a slot-shaped opening. The work table is supported on the frame 12 by means of hydraulically controlled piston-cylinder units. When a stone pushed into the area between the upper tools 10 and the lower tools 16, the hydraulic support units are deactivated, as a result of which the work table is moved downward by the pressure exerted on the stone by the upper tools 10, so that the lower witness 16 through the slots in the work table 14 can be effective. With regard to the control of the up and down movement of the work table, reference is also made to EP-A-0 065 276.

Die einander zugeordneten Ober- und Unterwerkzeuge weisen jeweils in Spaltrichtung relativ zueinander bewegbare Einzel-Spaltkeile 38 bzw. 40 auf, die vorzugsweise hydraulisch abgestützt sind. Dadurch ist eine optimale Anpassung der Spaltwerkzeuge an bruchrauhe, unebene Steinoberflächen möglich. Die Einzel-Spaltkeile sind in einem gemeinsamen Zylinderkörper, der Teil von Ober- bzw. Unterwerkzeug ist, in Spaltrichtung bzw. Wirkrichtung des Spaltwerkzeuges verschieblich gelagert, wobei die den Einzel-Spaltkeilen zugeordneten und vorzugsweise mit Öl gefüllten Zylinderräume miteinander fluidverbunden sind. Hinsichtlich der konstruktiven Ausbildung der Fluidverbindung sowie von Ober-und Unterwerkzeug wird auf die bereits erwähnte EP-A-0 065 276 verwiesen.The upper and lower tools assigned to one another each have individual riving wedges 38 and 40 which are movable relative to one another in the splitting direction and are preferably hydraulically supported. This enables the splitting tools to be optimally adapted to rough, uneven stone surfaces. The individual riving knives are slidably mounted in a common cylinder body, which is part of the upper or lower tool, in the splitting direction or direction of action of the splitting tool, the cylinder spaces associated with the individual riving knives and preferably filled with oil being fluidly connected to one another. With regard to the structural design of the fluid connection and of the upper and lower tools, reference is made to the already mentioned EP-A-0 065 276.

Die Senkbewegung des Arbeitstisches 14 erfolgt zwangsläufig im Takt der vertikal auf- und abbewegbaren Oberwerkzeuge 10, derart, daß beim Rückhub der Oberwerkzeuge 10 der Arbeitstisch 14 angehoben wird. Das Steinmaterial kann dann auf der Tischplatte wieder leicht verschoben und positioniert werden. Auch läßt sich aufgrund dieser Kinematik die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung sehr gut mit einer automatischen Steinmaterial-Züfuhr koppeln, wobei diese Stein-Zufuhr vorzugsweise im gleichen Takt wie die Oberwerkzeuge arbeiten.The lowering movement of the work table 14 inevitably takes place in time with the upper tools 10 which can be moved vertically up and down, in such a way that the work table 14 is raised during the return stroke of the upper tools 10. The stone material can then be easily moved and positioned on the table top. Due to this kinematics, the device according to the invention can also be coupled very well with an automatic stone material feed, this stone feed preferably working in the same cycle as the upper tools.

Auf den hydraulischen Antrieb der Oberwerkzeuge wird weiter unten noch näher eingegangen werden. Vorab sei jedoch erwähnt, daß der hydraulische Antrieb der Oberwerkzeuge 10 so ausgebildet ist, daß diese bei Überschreiten einer auf sie einwirkenden vorbestimmten Reaktionskraft in Richtung derselben, d. h. nach oben nachgeben bzw. ausweichen. Die Hydraulik kann vorzugsweise auch so ausgebildet sein, daß bei einem plötzlichen Druckanstieg die sofortige Rückhubbewegung der Oberwerkzeuge eingeleitet wird, und zwar individuell, d. h. derjenigen Oberwerkzeuge, auf die eine übergroße Reaktionskraft einwirkt. Durch diese Maßnahme läßt sich ein Bruch der Werkzeugschneiden von Ober-und Unterwerkzeug bei zu großen Reaktionskräften weitgehend vermeiden (Überlastsicherung). Konstruktiv kann das vorstehende Problem bei gemeinsamen Rückhub der Oberwerkzeuge 10 bei Überlast in einfacher Weise dadurch gelöst werden, daß in der Ableitung der zumindest einem Oberwerkzeug 10 zugeordneten Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit (Hydraulikzylinder 22) ein Hydraulikventil vorgesehen ist, das für den Rückhub der Oberwerkzeuge 10 in eine Umkehrstellung bringbar ist, wobei die Umschaltung in Abhängigkeit von dem im Hydrauliksystem herrschenden Druck erfolgt (Druckschalter eventuell mit elektrischer Signalumsetzung).The hydraulic drive of the upper tools will be discussed in more detail below. However, it should be mentioned in advance that the hydraulic drive of the upper tools 10 is designed so that when a predetermined reaction force acting on them is exceeded in the direction of the same, that is, they yield or deflect upwards. The hydraulic system can preferably also be designed such that, in the event of a sudden pressure increase, the immediate return stroke movement of the upper tools is initiated, specifically individually, that is to say those upper tools which are affected by an excessive reaction force. This measure allows the tool cutting to break from the upper and largely avoid the lower tool if the reaction forces are too high (overload protection). Constructively, the above problem can be solved in the event of a common return stroke of the upper tools 10 in the event of an overload in that a hydraulic valve is provided in the derivation of the piston-cylinder unit (hydraulic cylinder 22) assigned to at least one upper tool 10, which is used for the return stroke of the upper tools 10 can be brought into a reverse position, the switchover taking place as a function of the pressure prevailing in the hydraulic system (pressure switch possibly with electrical signal conversion).

Allgemein ist zu der Hydraulik-Steuereinheit auch noch zu sagen, daß die Anstellbewegung der Oberwerkzeuge 10 vorzugsweise im Niederdruckbereich und lediglich die eingentliche Spaltarbeit im Hochdruckbereich bis etwa 500 bar erfolgt, während die Rückhubbewegung der Oberwerkzeuge generell im Niederdruckbereich stattfindet. Desgleichen erfolgt die Anhebung des Arbeitstisches 14 nach dem Spaltvorgang ebenfalls durch Niederdruck (Koppelung mit der Antriebshydraulik für die Oberwerkzeuge).In general, it should also be said about the hydraulic control unit that the positioning movement of the upper tools 10 preferably takes place in the low pressure range and only the actual splitting work in the high pressure range up to about 500 bar, while the return stroke movement of the upper tools generally takes place in the low pressure range. Likewise, after the splitting process, the work table 14 is also raised by low pressure (coupling with the drive hydraulics for the upper tools).

Die Hydraulik ist auch so ausgebildet, daß bei einem plötzlich abfallenden Druck ebenfalls die Rückhubbewegung der Oberwerkzeuge 10 eingeleitet wird. Ein plötzlich abfallender Druck bedeutet, daß das Steinmaterial gebrochen ist oder daß ein Defekt in der Hydraulik vorliegt.The hydraulic system is also designed so that if the pressure suddenly drops, the return stroke movement of the upper tools 10 is also initiated. A sudden drop in pressure means that the stone material is broken or that there is a defect in the hydraulic system.

Nachstehend wird anhand den Figuren 1a bis 1c die Ausführungsform des hydraulischen Antriebs für die Oberwerkzeuge und den Arbeitstisch 14 näher erläutert.The embodiment of the hydraulic drive for the upper tools and the work table 14 is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1a to 1c.

Zur Verstellung der Arbeitskolben 23 in den den Oberwerkzeugen 10 zugeordneten Arbeitszylindern 22 wird den Arbeitszylindern 22 vorzugsweise ein hydraulisches Steuergerät 35 vorgeschaltet, dessen Funktion nachstehend anhand der Figuren 1a bis 1c näher dargelegt werden soll. Durch das hydraulische Steuergerät 35 soll erreicht werden, daß das zum Vorschub der Arbeitskolben 23 dienende Druckmittel vibrierend in die Arbeitszylinder 22, von denen in Fig. 1a nur einer dargestellt ist, jeweils auf die den Oberwerkzeugen 10 abgewandten Seiten der Arbeitskolben eingeleitet bzw. eingeführt wird. Gemäß den Figuren 1b und 1 c umfaßt das Steuergerät 35 einen in einem Steuergehäuse 37 drehbar gelagerten Drehkolben 39, der an einen nicht dargestellten äußeren Drehantrieb anschließbar ist, wobei der Anschluß in Fig.1 b mit der Bezugsziffer 61 gekennzeichnet ist.In order to adjust the working pistons 23 in the working cylinders 22 assigned to the upper tools 10, the working cylinders 22 are preferably preceded by a hydraulic control unit 35, the function of which will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1a to 1c. The hydraulic control device 35 is intended to ensure that the pressure medium used to advance the working pistons 23 is introduced or introduced into the working cylinders 22, only one of which is shown in FIG. 1a, in a vibrating manner on the sides of the working piston facing away from the upper tools 10 . According to FIGS. 1b and 1c, the control device 35 comprises a rotary piston 39 which is rotatably mounted in a control housing 37 and can be connected to an external rotary drive (not shown), the connection being identified by the reference number 61 in FIG. 1b.

Das Steuergehäuse'37 weist einen Druckmitteleinlaß 33 auf, das in drei Einlaßkanäle 41, 42 und 43 unterteilt ist. Diese drei Einlaßkanäle kommunizieren jeweils mit einer Ringnut 44, 45 und 46 längs des Umfanges des Drehkolbens 39. Die Ringnuten 44, 45 und 46 weisen jeweils vier, längs des Umfanges gleichmäßig verteilt angeordnete seitliche Aussparungen, 44', 44", 44"', 44"" bzw. 45', 45"; 45"', 45"" bzw. 46', 46", 46"', 46"" auf, durch die eine pulsierende Fluidverbindung zwischen den Ringnuten 44, 45, 46 mit zum Druckmittelauslaß 47 führenden Auslaßkanälen 53, 54, 55 herstellbar ist. Jeder Ringnut 44, 45, 46 sind, wie dargelegt und wie Fig. 1c sehr gut erkennen läßt, vier gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt angeordnete seitliche Aussparungen zugeordnet, wobei die Aussparungen der einzelnen Ringnuten so zueinander versetzt sind, daß der Winkelabstand zwischen sämtlichen Aussparungen gleich ist. Auf diese Weise wird bei der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 1b und 1c der Druckmittelstrom bei einer Umdrehung des Drehkolbens 39 in zwölf Teilströme unterteilt. Bei einer Umdrehung des Drehkolbens 39 erhält man also 12 Druckimpulse am Druckmittelauslaß 47.The control housing 37 has a pressure medium inlet 33 which is divided into three inlet channels 41, 42 and 43. These three inlet channels each communicate with an annular groove 44, 45 and 46 along the circumference of the rotary piston 39. The annular grooves 44, 45 and 46 each have four lateral recesses 44 ', 44 ", 44"', which are evenly distributed along the circumference. 44 "" or 45 ', 45 "; 45"', 45 "" or 46 ', 46 ", 46"', 46 "" through which a pulsating fluid connection between the ring grooves 44, 45, 46 with the Pressure medium outlet 47 leading outlet channels 53, 54, 55 can be produced. Each annular groove 44, 45, 46, as shown and as can be seen very well in FIG. 1c, is assigned four lateral recesses which are distributed uniformly over the circumference, the recesses of the individual annular grooves being offset from one another such that the angular distance between all the recesses is the same is. In this way, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1b and 1c, the pressure medium flow is divided into twelve partial flows when the rotary piston 39 rotates. With one revolution of the rotary piston 39, 12 pressure pulses are thus obtained at the pressure medium outlet 47.

Gemäß Fig. 1a wird das hydraulische Steuergerät (Impulsgenerator) 35 so angeordnet, daß der Druckmittelauslaß 47 mit den den Kolbenstangen der Arbeitskolben 23 jeweils gegenüberliegenden Zylinderräumen 48 fluidverbunden ist. Der Druckmitteleinlaß 33 des Steuergerätes bzw. Impulsgenerators 35 ist über eine Leitung 62 mit dem Hochdruckteil 64 einer Hydraulikpumpe 66 fluidverbunden. Das Steuergerät 35 ist umgehbar durch eine By-Pass-Leitung 67, in der ein druckgesteuertes Ventil 68 angeordnet ist.According to FIG. 1a, the hydraulic control unit (pulse generator) 35 is arranged in such a way that the pressure medium outlet 47 is fluidly connected to the cylinder spaces 48 which are respectively opposite the piston rods of the working pistons 23. The pressure medium inlet 33 of the control device or pulse generator 35 is fluidly connected via a line 62 to the high-pressure part 64 of a hydraulic pump 66. The control device 35 can be bypassed by a by-pass line 67, in which a pressure-controlled valve 68 is arranged.

Die Arbeitskolben sind in den Arbeitszylindern 22 jeweils zweiseitig beaufschlagbar, wobei die der Kolbenstange 21 bzw. dem Oberwerkzeug 10 jeweils zugeordneten Zylinderräume 49 jeweils über eine Leitung 69 mit dem Niederdruckteil 63 der Druckmittelpumpe 66 oder je nach Schaltung eines in dieser Leitung angeordneten Mehrwegeventils 71 mit dem Druckmittel-Reservoir 70 fluidverbindbar sind.The working pistons can be acted upon from two sides in the working cylinders 22, the cylinder spaces 49 respectively assigned to the piston rod 21 and the upper tool 10 being connected via a line 69 to the low-pressure part 63 of the pressure medium pump 66 or, depending on the circuitry, of a multi-way valve 71 arranged in this line Pressure medium reservoir 70 are fluidly connectable.

In die der Kolbenstange 21 jeweils abgewandten Zylinderräume 48 mündet noch eine weitere Leitung 72, die über ein hydraulisch geschaltetes Rückschlagventil 73 unmittelbar mit dem Reservoir 70 in Verbindung steht. Die parallel dazu angeordnete Leitung 62 ist ebenfalls über ein hydraulisch geschaltetes Rückschlagventil 74 unmittelbar mit dem Reservoir 70 fluidverbindbar, wobei das hydraulisch geschaltete Rückschlagventil 74 in der mit dem Hochdruckteil 64 der Druckmittelpumpe 66 in Verbindung stehenden Leitung 62 angeordnet ist.A further line 72 opens into the cylinder spaces 48 facing away from the piston rod 21 and is connected directly to the reservoir 70 via a hydraulically switched check valve 73. The line 62 arranged parallel to it can also be fluidly connected directly to the reservoir 70 via a hydraulically switched check valve 74, the hydraulically switched check valve 74 being arranged in the line 62 connected to the high pressure part 64 of the pressure medium pump 66.

Zwischen der Hochdruckleitung 62 und der vorerwähnten zum Reservbir 70 führenden Verbindungsleitung 75 sind noch zwei weitere Fluidverbindungen vorgesehen, wobei in der einen ein Sicherheitsventil 76 und in der anderen ein Schaltventil 77 angeordnet sind, das in der Hochdruck-Phase geschlossen und in der Niederdruck-Phase geöffnet wird. Damit kann in der Niederdruck-Phase der Hochdruckteil 64 der Druckmittelpumpe 66 unverändert weiter arbeiten. Das unter Hochdruck stehenden Druckmittel wird dann über das Schaltventil 77 unmittelbar in das Reservoir zurückgepumpt. Das Sicherheitsventil 76 öffnet bei 400 bar.Two further fluid connections are provided between the high-pressure line 62 and the aforementioned connection line 75 leading to the reserve valve 70, one safety valve 76 being arranged in one and the other a switching valve 77 which is closed in the high-pressure phase and in the low-pressure phase is opened. The high-pressure part 64 of the pressure medium pump 66 can thus continue to operate unchanged in the low-pressure phase. The pressure medium under high pressure is then pumped back directly into the reservoir via the switching valve 77. The safety valve 76 opens at 400 bar.

Der zwischen dem Mehrwege-Ventil 71 und dem Niederdruckteil 63 der Druckmittelpumpe 66 liegende Abschnitt der Leitung 69 ist über eine Leitung 78 unmittelbar mit dem Reservoir 70 fluidverbindbar, wobei in der Verbindunasleituna 78 ein druckgesteuertes Ventil 79 angeordnet ist, derart, daß es während der Hochdruck-Phase geöffnet wird. Dann kann während der Hochdruck-Phase, also beim Vorschub der Arbeitskolben 23 bzw. der Kolbenstangen 21 bzw. der an diesen befestigten Oberwerkzeuge 10 in Richtung des Pfeiles P, der Niederdruckteil 63 der Druckmittelpumpe 66 unverändert weiter arbeiten. Das Niederdruck-Druckmittel wird dann über die Leitung 78 unmittelbar in das Reservoir 70 zurückgepumpt.The section of the line 69 which lies between the multi-way valve 71 and the low-pressure part 63 of the pressure medium pump 66 can be fluidly connected directly to the reservoir 70 via a line 78, in the connection line 78 a pressure-controlled valve 79 is arranged such that it is opened during the high pressure phase. Then, during the high pressure phase, that is to say when the working pistons 23 or the piston rods 21 or the upper tools 10 attached to them are fed in the direction of the arrow P, the low pressure part 63 of the pressure medium pump 66 can continue to operate unchanged. The low pressure pressure medium is then pumped back directly into the reservoir 70 via the line 78.

In der Niederdruckleitung 69 sowie Hochdruckleitung 62 sind Meßstellen M1 und M2 vorgesehen zur Ermittlung von Defekten in der Hydraulik. Bei Niederdruck wird mit etwa 30 bar gearbeitet, während der Betriebsdruck vorzugsweise 350 bar beträgt.Measuring points M1 and M2 are provided in the low-pressure line 69 and high-pressure line 62 for determining defects in the hydraulic system. At low pressure, the working pressure is about 30 bar, while the operating pressure is preferably 350 bar.

Die Funktionsweise der Hydraulik ist nun wie folgt: Bei pulsierendem Vorschub der Arbeitskolben 23 bzw. der Kolbenstangen 21 bzw. der an diesen befestigten Oberwerkzeuge 10 sind die Schaltventile 68 und 77 geschlossen, während das Ventil 79 geöffnet ist. Ferner ist der Antrieb des Drehkolbens des Steuergerätes 35 in Betrieb. Das Mehrwege-Ventil 71 ist so geschaltet, daß die Niederdruckleitung 69 über die Leitung 75 mit dem Reservoir 70 verbunden ist. Hochdruck-Druckmittel wird dann durch den Hochdruckteil 64 der Druckmittelpumpe 66 über die Hochdruckleitung 62 in den Druckmitteleinlaß 33 des Steuergerätes 35 eingeleitet. Es gelangt pulsierend vom Druckmittelauslaß 47 des Steuergerätes 35 in die Arbeitszylinder 22 jeweils auf die den Kolbenstangen 21 bzw. Oberwerkzeugen 10 abgewandten Seiten der Arbeitskolben 23. Die Arbeitskolben 23 werden dann pulsierend in Richtung des Pfeiles P bewegt. Das sich auf der anderen Seite der Arbeitskolben 23 befindliche Druckmittel wird über die Niederdurckleitung 69, das Mehrwege-Ventil 71 und Verbindungsleitung 75 in das Reservoir 70 abgeführt. Wird der Druck in der Hochdruckleitung 62 zu hoch, öffnet das Sicherheitsventil 76 und schafft eine unmittelbare Verbindung zum Reservoir 70.The functioning of the hydraulics is now as follows: With pulsating feed of the working pistons 23 or the piston rods 21 or the upper tools 10 attached to them, the switching valves 68 and 77 are closed while the valve 79 is open. Furthermore, the drive of the rotary piston of the control unit 35 is in operation. The multi-way valve 71 is switched so that the low-pressure line 69 is connected to the reservoir 70 via the line 75. High-pressure pressure medium is then introduced through the high-pressure part 64 of the pressure medium pump 66 via the high pressure line 62 into the pressure medium inlet 33 of the control unit 35. It arrives pulsating from the pressure medium outlet 47 of the control device 35 into the working cylinders 22 in each case on the sides of the working pistons 23 facing away from the piston rods 21 or upper tools 10. The working pistons 23 are then moved pulsating in the direction of the arrow P. The pressure medium located on the other side of the working piston 23 is discharged into the reservoir 70 via the low pressure line 69, the multi-way valve 71 and the connecting line 75. If the pressure in the high-pressure line 62 becomes too high, the safety valve 76 opens and creates a direct connection to the reservoir 70.

Sollen die Oberwerkzeuge 10 bzw. die diesen zugeordneten Kolbenstangen 21 bzw. Arbeitskolben 23 wieder zurückbewegt werden in ihre obere Ausgangsstellung, werden die Ventile 68 und 77 geöffnet, das Ventil 79 geschlossen. Das Hochdruck-Druckmittel gelangt über das Schaltventil 77 unmittelbar zurück in das Reservoir 70. Das Mehrwege-Ventil 71 wird zugleich so geschaltet, daß die vom Niederdruckteil 63 der Druckmittelpumpe 66 kommende Niederdruckleitung 69 mit den den Kolbenstängen 21 zugewandten Teilen 49 der Arbeitszylinder 22 in Fluidverbindung steht, so daß mit Niederdruck die Arbeitskolben 23 zurückbewegt werden können. Da die Zurückbewegung sehr schnell erfolgen soll, muß das Druckmittel auf den den Kolbenstangen 21 abgewandten Seiten schnell aus den Arbeitszylindern 22 entweichen können. Dies erfolgt über die By-Pass-Leitung 67 sowie die zusätzliche Leitung 72, wobei die Rückschlagventile 73, 74 jeweils hydraulisch geöffnet sind. Über die beiden Leitungen 67, 72 sowie die zum Reservoir führende Leitung 75 kann das Druckmittel auf den den Kolbenstangen 21 abgewandten Seiten sehr schnell aus den Arbeitszylindern 22 abgeführt werden.If the upper tools 10 or the piston rods 21 or working pistons 23 assigned to them are to be moved back into their upper starting position, the valves 68 and 77 are opened and the valve 79 is closed. The high-pressure pressure medium arrives directly back into the reservoir 70 via the switching valve 77. The multi-way valve 71 is simultaneously switched so that the low-pressure line 69 coming from the low-pressure part 63 of the pressure medium pump 66 is in fluid communication with the parts 49 of the working cylinders 22 facing the piston rods 21 stands so that the working piston 23 can be moved back with low pressure. Since the return movement is to take place very quickly, the pressure medium must be able to escape quickly from the working cylinders 22 on the sides facing away from the piston rods 21. This takes place via the by-pass line 67 and the additional line 72, the check valves 73, 74 being opened hydraulically in each case. Via the two lines 67, 72 and the line 75 leading to the reservoir, the pressure medium on the sides facing away from the piston rods 21 can be discharged very quickly from the working cylinders 22.

Während des Rückhubes der Oberwerkzeuge 10 bzw. der diesen zugeordneten Arbeitskolben 23 wird der Antrieb für den Drehkolben des Steuergerätes 35 ausgeschaltet.During the return stroke of the upper tools 10 or the working pistons 23 assigned to them, the drive for the rotary piston of the control unit 35 is switched off.

Um zu vermeiden, daß der Niederdruckteil 63 der Druckmittelpumpe 66 bei Öffnung des Sicherheitsventils 76 versehentlich mit Hochdruck beaufschlagt wird über das Mehrwege-Ventil 71 und die Niederdruckleitung 69, ist in letzterer ein Rückschlagventil 78 angeordnet, das einen Rückfluß in der Niederdruckleitung 69 zum Niederdruckteil 63 der Druckmittelpumpe 66 verhindert.In order to avoid that the low-pressure part 63 of the pressure medium pump 66 is inadvertently subjected to high pressure when the safety valve 76 is opened via the multi-way valve 71 and the low-pressure line 69, a check valve 78 is arranged in the latter, which ensures a backflow in the low-pressure line 69 to the low-pressure part 63 the pressure medium pump 66 prevented.

An die Niederdruckleitung 69 ist zwischen dem Mehrwege-Ventil 71 und den Arbeitszylindern 22 noch eine Verbindungsleitung 51 zu den hydraulischen Abstützeinheiten 50 des in Fig. 1a nur . schematisch dargestellten Arbeitstisches 14 angeschlossen. In dieser Verbindungsleitung 51 ist ein druckgesteuertes Ventil 52 angeordnet, das während der Hochdruck-Phase, also bei Bewegung der Oberwerkzeuge 10 in Richtung des Pfeiles P ein kontrolliertes Absenken des Arbeitstisches 14 in Richtung des Pfeiles 1 erlaubt. Das Ventil 52 dient somit als Drossel für den Rückfluß von Druckmittel aus den hydraulischen Abstützeinheiten 50 in das Reservoir 70 über das Mehrwege-Ventil 71 und die Verbindungsleitung 75. In umgekehrter Flußrichtung, also in der Niederdruck-Phase, wirkt das Ventil 52 als Sperre. Das Niederdruck-Druckmittel strömt dann unter Umgehung des Ventils 52 über eine By-Pass-Leitung 56 und ein Rückschlagventil 57 zurück in die hydraulischen Abstütz-Einheiten 50, wodurch der Arbeitstisch 14 zurück in seine Ausgangslage angehoben wird entgegen der Richtung des Pfeiles A. Das Anheben des Arbeitstisches 14 sowie die Rückbewegung der Oberwerkzeuge 10 in ihre obere Ausgangsstellung erfolgen somit synchron.A connection line 51 to the hydraulic support units 50 of FIG. 1a is only connected to the low-pressure line 69 between the multi-way valve 71 and the working cylinders 22. schematically shown work table 14 connected. A pressure-controlled valve 52 is arranged in this connecting line 51, which allows the work table 14 to be lowered in a controlled manner in the direction of the arrow 1 during the high pressure phase, that is to say when the upper tools 10 move in the direction of the arrow P. The valve 52 thus serves as a throttle for the backflow of pressure medium from the hydraulic support units 50 into the reservoir 70 via the multi-way valve 71 and the connecting line 75. In the reverse direction of flow, that is to say in the low-pressure phase, the valve 52 acts as a barrier. The low-pressure pressure medium then flows bypassing the valve 52 via a by-pass line 56 and a check valve 57 back into the hydraulic support units 50, as a result of which the work table 14 is raised back to its starting position in the direction of the arrow A. The Lifting the work table 14 and the return movement of the upper tools 10 into their upper starting position are thus carried out synchronously.

In der Verbindungsleitung 51 ist noch eine Meßstelle M3 zur Feststellung etwaiger Defekte vorgesehen.A measuring point M3 is also provided in the connecting line 51 for determining any defects.

Wie eingangs dargelegt, ist die Drosselwirkung des den hydraulischen Abstütz-Einheiten 50 zugeordneten Ventils 52 vorzugsweise variierbar, insbesondere in Abhängigkeit von dem auf den Arbeitskolben 23 einwirkenden Hochdruck. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, daß bei Umschaltung auf die Hochdruck-Phase der Arbeitstisch 14 nicht plötzlich abfällt, so daß der zu spaltende Stein vor Einwirkung des bzw. der Oberwerkzeuge 10 unkontrolliert über die Schneide bzw. Schneiden der Unterwerkzeuge abkippt, wodurch unerwünschte Bruchflächen erhalten würden.As stated at the beginning, the throttling action of the valve 52 assigned to the hydraulic support units 50 can preferably be varied, in particular as a function of the high pressure acting on the working piston 23. This ensures that when switching to the high-pressure phase, the work table 14 does not suddenly fall off, so that the stone to be split tilts uncontrollably before the action of the upper tool or tools 10 over the cutting edge or cutting of the lower tools, as a result of which undesirable fractured surfaces would be obtained.

Claims (5)

1. Paving-stone-splitting and brick-splitting device having an upper tool (10) which is driven in oscillating manner in a frame (12) and which interacts with a lower tool (16), with the upper tool (10) being driven hydraulically and the upper and lower tool in each cas comprising several individual splitting wedges (38 and 40 respectively) which can be moved relative to one another in the splitting direction and which are preferably supported hydraulically, a worktable (14) which is movably supported in resilient manner in the splitting direction in the frame (12) and which has a slot-shaped opening for the passage of the lower tool (16), in such a way that the worktable (14) moves downwards when the stone material is being split and moves upwards again after the splitting in accordance with the return movement of the upper tool (10) into its upper initial position, so that the lower tool (16) is located beneath the working surface of the worktable (14), and having a hydraulic control appliance (35) which, for displacing the upper tool (10), is connected before the hydraulic operating cylinder (22) allocated to the upper tools (10), and with which the pressure medium which is used for the feed of the upper tool (10) can be supplied in vibrating or pulsating manner to the feed side of the operating piston (23) allocated to the upper tool (10).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the control appliance (35) comprises a rotary piston (39) which is rotatably mounted in a control housing (37) and which can be coupled to an external rotary drive.
3. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the control housing (37) of the control appliance (35) has a pressure medium inlet (33) and also a pressure medium outlet (47), with the pressure medium inlet (33) being subdivided into at least two inlet channels (41, 42, 43), in that these inlet channels in each case communicate with an annular groove (44, 45, 46) arranged on the periphery of the rotary piston (39), and in that the annular grooves in each case have at least one lateral recess (44', 44", 44"', 44"" and 45', 45", 45"', 45"" and 46', 46", 46"', 46"" respectively) via which a fluid connection can be made to outlet channels (53, 54, 55) leading to the pressure medium outlet (47).
4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the control appliance (35) can be switched on selectively.
5. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the worktable (14) is supported at the frame (12) via hydraulically, pneumatically or hydropneumatically controlled piston-cylinder units (50), in which case the support is unaffected by the vibrating displacement of the upper tool (10) in the operating or splitting direction (P) - that is, the worktable (14), even during the vibrating action of the upper tool (10), moves steadily downwards onto the stone to be split and during the restoring movement of the upper tool (10), lifts the worktable (14) in synchronisation with the restoring movement.
EP83107517A 1982-09-03 1983-07-29 Paving stone or brick splitting device Expired EP0102519B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83107517T ATE22543T1 (en) 1982-09-03 1983-07-29 PAVER AND BRICK SPLITTING DEVICE.
DE8585113329T DE3378749D1 (en) 1982-09-03 1983-07-29 Paving stone or brick splitting device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3232857A DE3232857C2 (en) 1982-09-03 1982-09-03 Paver and brick splitting device
DE3232857 1982-09-03

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85113329.8 Division-Into 1983-07-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0102519A1 EP0102519A1 (en) 1984-03-14
EP0102519B1 true EP0102519B1 (en) 1986-10-01

Family

ID=6172432

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83107517A Expired EP0102519B1 (en) 1982-09-03 1983-07-29 Paving stone or brick splitting device
EP85113329A Expired EP0180127B1 (en) 1982-09-03 1983-07-29 Paving stone or brick splitting device

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85113329A Expired EP0180127B1 (en) 1982-09-03 1983-07-29 Paving stone or brick splitting device

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Country Link
EP (2) EP0102519B1 (en)
AT (2) ATE39430T1 (en)
DE (3) DE3232857C2 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0065276A2 (en) * 1981-05-18 1982-11-24 Friedhelm Porsfeld Splitting device for plaster and wall-stones

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2188318A (en) * 1938-06-04 1940-01-30 Siderits Thomas Stone cutter
US2152193A (en) * 1938-06-17 1939-03-28 Paul M Johanning Stone cutting machine
US2768620A (en) * 1954-10-26 1956-10-30 Chris C Jenkins Stone splitting press
US2798475A (en) * 1956-06-18 1957-07-09 Agatan Stone And Machinery Com Stone cutting machine
US2867205A (en) * 1957-01-22 1959-01-06 George A Vesper Stone splitting machine
US2912970A (en) * 1958-02-10 1959-11-17 Leon H Schlough Apparatus for splitting stone slabs and the like
US3161190A (en) 1963-06-27 1964-12-15 Thomas H Stephens Masonry cutter
US3559631A (en) * 1968-07-12 1971-02-02 E & R Mfg Co Inc Hydraulic masonry cutting machine
DE1950950C3 (en) * 1968-10-11 1978-04-27 Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh, Wien Device for splitting plate-shaped bodies made of hard, breakable material, in particular concrete
DE1957469C3 (en) * 1969-11-15 1973-11-15 Sieke Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Method and device for adjusting a working piston
DE2516154A1 (en) * 1975-04-14 1976-10-21 Louda Guenther Impulse generator with control spindle - has internal axial chambers and radial connection apertures
DE2606839A1 (en) * 1976-02-20 1977-08-25 Friedrich Wilhelm I Friedrichs METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING AND ADJUSTING PRINT MEDIA IMPULSES
JPS5323726Y2 (en) * 1976-08-12 1978-06-19
US4203414A (en) * 1979-01-08 1980-05-20 Mcclain Harold F Stone cutting apparatus
DE3119693C2 (en) * 1981-05-18 1984-10-31 Friedhelm 8390 Passau Porsfeld Paver and brick splitting device

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0065276A2 (en) * 1981-05-18 1982-11-24 Friedhelm Porsfeld Splitting device for plaster and wall-stones

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3366603D1 (en) 1986-11-06
DE3232857C2 (en) 1986-01-16
ATE39430T1 (en) 1989-01-15
EP0180127A3 (en) 1986-09-17
EP0180127B1 (en) 1988-12-28
ATE22543T1 (en) 1986-10-15
EP0102519A1 (en) 1984-03-14
EP0180127A2 (en) 1986-05-07
DE3378749D1 (en) 1989-02-02
DE3232857A1 (en) 1984-03-08

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