EP0093011A1 - Detergent bars - Google Patents

Detergent bars Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0093011A1
EP0093011A1 EP83302353A EP83302353A EP0093011A1 EP 0093011 A1 EP0093011 A1 EP 0093011A1 EP 83302353 A EP83302353 A EP 83302353A EP 83302353 A EP83302353 A EP 83302353A EP 0093011 A1 EP0093011 A1 EP 0093011A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
alumino
iron
silicate
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83302353A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0093011B1 (en
Inventor
Geoffrey Irlam
Michael Richard Lowry
Richard Michael Twemlow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever PLC, Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever PLC
Publication of EP0093011A1 publication Critical patent/EP0093011A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0093011B1 publication Critical patent/EP0093011B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
    • C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
    • C11D9/06—Inorganic compounds
    • C11D9/18—Water-insoluble compounds

Abstract

The presence of iron in a detergent bar originating from sheet aluminosilicates, e.g. kaolins, may lead to colour and odour degradation. However sheet aluminosilicates containing a relatively high amount of total iron are suitable for inclusion provided their free iron content is not more than 50 ppm.

Description

    Abstract:
  • Soap bars containing sheet alumino-silicates, for example kaolins, have been described in the literature. The presence of iron in a detergent bar will lead to colour and odour degradation. Sheet alumino-silicates having a relatively high iron content are usable in bars provided the amount of free iron in the sheet alumino-silicate is low.
    • Field of the invention
  • The invention is applicable to soap bars suitable for personal washing and fabric cleaning in which soaps, that is-water soluble salts of long chain (C8 to C20) mono-carboxylic acids form the major proportion, ie above about 40% by weight, of the bar. Non-soap detergent actives suitable for use in detergent bars may also be present. Examples of these detergents are alkyl benzene sulphonates, acyl isethionates, alcohol sulphates, ethoxylated alcohols, alkane sulphonates and alkene sulphonates.
    • General description of the Invention :
  • Sheet alumino-silicates, for example kaolins, containing above 0.2% of iron would be seen generally as unsuitable for inclusion in a detergent bars. However iron can exist in sheet alumino-silicates in two general environments as a 'bound' form which is intimately associated with the lattice and a 'free' form which is associated with the alumino-silicate lattice by means of weaker bonds. A clay (sheet alumino-silicate) with a free iron content of not more than 50 ppm (when measured by a test method to be described more fully hereafter) has been found to be usable in a soap based detergent bar even when the latter contains free fatty acid. The presence of this latter component usually increases the discolouration and odour degradation found with high concentrations of iron. A usual level of free fatty acid is at least 1% by weight of the bar.
  • The sheet alumino-silicate, i.e. kaolin, component will usually be present in the bar at a level at least about 5% by weight and may form up to about 50% of the bar.
  • It is preferable for the sheet alumino-silicate to be present in an amount below that which would provide a level of 10 ppm free iron in the bar. Levels of free iron above'this level may not be fully sequestered by the usual commercial stabiliser systems. Kaolin is the preferred sheet alumino-silicate.
  • The present invention allows the incorporation of clays (sheet alumino-silicate) which would be dismissed from consideration as a component because of their high iron content provided the clay sample is tested to determine the free iron content.
    • Test methods:
  • The total iron concentration is measured using a method destructive of the alumino-silicate structure while free iron is measured by a leaching step.
  • i) Total iron: Approximately O.lg of the clay sample is accurately weighed into a platinum crucible. 0.5g of lithium metaborate (AR) is added, and the mixture is fused in a furnace at 1000°C for 20 minutes.
  • After this period the sample is allowed to cool and is then dissolved by stirring with a solution consisting of 4% nitric and 2% tartaric acids. When the melt has completely dissolved, the solution is made up to a known standard volume (50 mls) at 20°C with the nitric/tartaric acid mixture.
  • This solution is then analysed for iron by an appropriate method eg atomic absorption spectroscopy.
  • ii) Free iron: Approximately 2.5g of kaolin is accurately weighed, and added to 15 mls of 0.05 molar hydrochloric acid. The mixture is heated to boiling for a fixed length of time (1 minute). The extraction is stopped after this time by immediate dilution with cold distilled water (at 6°C), to a standard volume (100 mls) at 20.C, and subsequent removal of the clay by centrifugation. A sample of the supernatant liquor is then removed and analysed for iron by an appropriate method eg, atomic absorption spectroscopy.
    • Examples :
  • A soap base derived from a feedstock of tallow (58%) and coconut oil (42%) was prepared using normal pocessing; 5.75% free coconut fatty acids were added. The base contained normal amounts of opacifier, perfume and stabiliser. Kaolin (10% by weight) was included in the test bars at the milling step; three samples of test soap bars were prepared, each containing a specified sample of kaolin.
  • Test and control soap bars, the latter not containing clay, were stored for 6 weeks at 45°C (accelerated storage). They were then tested for colour deterioration (Δ E) against the control by taking measurements in a uniform colour space.
  • The results are given in the Table:
    Figure imgb0001
  • The samples A and B are found to provide acceptable degradation for commercial use. Sample C gave a higher colour degradation than Sample B though the latter had a higher level of total iron.

Claims (6)

1. A detergent bar containing at least 40% by weight of water-soluble salts of long-chain fatty acids and an amount of a sheet alumino-silicate component, characterised in that the sheet alumino-silicate contains above 0.2% by weight of iron total but not more than 50 ppm of free iron.
2. A detergent bar according to claim 1 containing at least 1% of free fatty acid.
3. A detergent bar according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the sheet alumino-silicate component is present in an amount of at least about 5% by weight of the bar.
4. A detergent bar according to any preceding claim wherein the sheet alumino-silicate component is present in an amount up to about 50% by weight of the bar.
5. A detergent bar according to any preceding claim wherein the sheet alumino-silicate component is present in an amount below that which would provide a level of about 10 ppm free iron in the bar.
6.. A detergent bar according to any preceding claim wherein the sheet alumino-silicate component is a kaolin.
EP83302353A 1982-04-28 1983-04-26 Detergent bars Expired EP0093011B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8212321 1982-04-28
GB8212321 1982-04-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0093011A1 true EP0093011A1 (en) 1983-11-02
EP0093011B1 EP0093011B1 (en) 1986-06-18

Family

ID=10530039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83302353A Expired EP0093011B1 (en) 1982-04-28 1983-04-26 Detergent bars

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0093011B1 (en)
AU (1) AU552636B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8302155A (en)
DE (1) DE3364167D1 (en)
IN (1) IN157140B (en)
ZA (1) ZA832968B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0210842A2 (en) * 1985-07-26 1987-02-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Toilet compositions
GB2189255A (en) * 1986-04-15 1987-10-21 Degussa Detergent bar
US4719030A (en) * 1985-03-05 1988-01-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Transparent or translucent toilet soap bars containing water-insoluble silica or silicates

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE339047C (en) * 1915-08-22 1921-07-12 Juenger & Gebhardt G M B H Process for the production of solid toilet and household soaps in pieces or powder form
FR649731A (en) * 1927-07-19 1928-12-27 Ind Chimique Sa Process for the preparation of soaps stable to water hardness salts and new industrial products resulting therefrom
FR888784A (en) * 1942-12-04 1943-12-22 Manufacturing process for soaps based on silica gel and low in fatty acids
CH397127A (en) * 1964-09-25 1965-08-15 Diethelm Victor Body care products based on soda soap

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE339047C (en) * 1915-08-22 1921-07-12 Juenger & Gebhardt G M B H Process for the production of solid toilet and household soaps in pieces or powder form
FR649731A (en) * 1927-07-19 1928-12-27 Ind Chimique Sa Process for the preparation of soaps stable to water hardness salts and new industrial products resulting therefrom
FR888784A (en) * 1942-12-04 1943-12-22 Manufacturing process for soaps based on silica gel and low in fatty acids
CH397127A (en) * 1964-09-25 1965-08-15 Diethelm Victor Body care products based on soda soap

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4719030A (en) * 1985-03-05 1988-01-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Transparent or translucent toilet soap bars containing water-insoluble silica or silicates
EP0210842A2 (en) * 1985-07-26 1987-02-04 The Procter & Gamble Company Toilet compositions
US4678593A (en) * 1985-07-26 1987-07-07 The Procter & Gamble Company Transparent or translucent toilet bars containing a smectite-type clay
EP0210842A3 (en) * 1985-07-26 1988-11-02 The Procter & Gamble Company Toilet compositions
GB2189255A (en) * 1986-04-15 1987-10-21 Degussa Detergent bar
GB2189255B (en) * 1986-04-15 1990-08-29 Degussa A detergent in bar form

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0093011B1 (en) 1986-06-18
ZA832968B (en) 1984-12-24
AU1394083A (en) 1983-11-03
DE3364167D1 (en) 1986-07-24
IN157140B (en) 1986-01-25
AU552636B2 (en) 1986-06-12
BR8302155A (en) 1983-12-27

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