EP0093011B1 - Detergent bars - Google Patents
Detergent bars Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0093011B1 EP0093011B1 EP83302353A EP83302353A EP0093011B1 EP 0093011 B1 EP0093011 B1 EP 0093011B1 EP 83302353 A EP83302353 A EP 83302353A EP 83302353 A EP83302353 A EP 83302353A EP 0093011 B1 EP0093011 B1 EP 0093011B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- alumino
- sheet
- silicate
- iron
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/06—Inorganic compounds
- C11D9/18—Water-insoluble compounds
Definitions
- the invention is applicable to soap bars suitable for personal washing and fabric cleaning in which soaps, that is water soluble salts of long chain (C 8 to C 20 ) mono-carboxylic acids form at least 40% by weight of the bar.
- Non-soap detergent actives suitable for use in detergent bars may also be present. Examples of these detergents are alkyl benzene sulphonates, acyl isethionates, alcohol sulphates, ethoxylated alcohols, alkane sulphonates and alkene sulphonates.
- Sheet alumino-silicates for example kaolins containing above 0.2% of iron would be seen generally as unsuitable for inclusion in a detergent bar.
- iron can exist in sheet alumino-silicates in two general environments as a 'bound' form which is intimately associated with the lattice and a 'free' form which is associated with the alumino-silicate lattice by means of weaker bonds.
- a clay (sheet alumino-silicate) with a free iron content of not more than 50 ppm has been found to be usable in a soap based detergent bar even when the latter contains free fatty acid. The presence of this latter component usually increases the discolouration and odour degradation found with high concentrations of iron.
- a usual level of free fatty acid is at least 1% by weight of the bar.
- the sheet alumino-silicate, i.e. kaolin, component will usually be present in the bar at a level at least about 5% by weight and may form up to about 50% of the bar.
- the sheet alumino-silicate prefferably be present in an amount below that which would provide a level of 10 ppm free iron in the bar. Levels of free iron above this level may not be fully sequestered by the usual commercial stabiliser systems. Kaolin is the preferred sheet alumino-silicate.
- the present invention allows the incorporation of clays (sheet alumino-silicate) which would be dismissed from consideration as a component because of their high iron content provided the clay sample is tested to determine the free iron content.
- the total iron concentration is measured using a method destructive of the alumino-silicate structure while free iron is measured by a leaching step.
- the sample is allowed to cool and is then dissolved by stirring with a solution consisting of 4% nitric and 2% tartaric acids.
- a solution consisting of 4% nitric and 2% tartaric acids.
- the solution is made up to a known standard volume (50 mls) at 20°C with the nitric/tartaric acid mixture.
- a soap base derived from a feedstock of tallow (58%) and coconut oil (42%) was prepared using normal processing; 5.75% free coconut fatty acids were added.
- the base contained normal amounts of opacifier, perfume and stabiliser.
- Kaolin (10% by weight) was included in the test bars at the milling step; three samples of test soap bars were prepared, each containing a specified sample of kaolin.
- AE colour deterioration
- Sample A and B are found to provide acceptable degradation for commercial use.
- Sample C gave a higher colour degradation than Sample B through the latter had a higher level of total iron.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
- Soap bars containing sheet alumino-silicates, for example kaolins, have been described in the literature. The presence of iron in a detergent bar will lead to colour and odour degradation. Sheet alumino-silicates having a relatively high iron content are usable in bars provided the amount of free iron in the sheet alumino-silicate is low.
- The invention is applicable to soap bars suitable for personal washing and fabric cleaning in which soaps, that is water soluble salts of long chain (C8 to C20) mono-carboxylic acids form at least 40% by weight of the bar. Non-soap detergent actives suitable for use in detergent bars may also be present. Examples of these detergents are alkyl benzene sulphonates, acyl isethionates, alcohol sulphates, ethoxylated alcohols, alkane sulphonates and alkene sulphonates.
- Sheet alumino-silicates, for example kaolins containing above 0.2% of iron would be seen generally as unsuitable for inclusion in a detergent bar. However iron can exist in sheet alumino-silicates in two general environments as a 'bound' form which is intimately associated with the lattice and a 'free' form which is associated with the alumino-silicate lattice by means of weaker bonds. A clay (sheet alumino-silicate) with a free iron content of not more than 50 ppm (when measured by a test method to be described more fully hereafter) has been found to be usable in a soap based detergent bar even when the latter contains free fatty acid. The presence of this latter component usually increases the discolouration and odour degradation found with high concentrations of iron. A usual level of free fatty acid is at least 1% by weight of the bar.
- The sheet alumino-silicate, i.e. kaolin, component will usually be present in the bar at a level at least about 5% by weight and may form up to about 50% of the bar.
- It is preferable for the sheet alumino-silicate to be present in an amount below that which would provide a level of 10 ppm free iron in the bar. Levels of free iron above this level may not be fully sequestered by the usual commercial stabiliser systems. Kaolin is the preferred sheet alumino-silicate.
- The present invention allows the incorporation of clays (sheet alumino-silicate) which would be dismissed from consideration as a component because of their high iron content provided the clay sample is tested to determine the free iron content.
- The total iron concentration is measured using a method destructive of the alumino-silicate structure while free iron is measured by a leaching step.
- i) Total iron: Approximately 0.1 g of the clay sample is accurately weighed into a platinum crucible 0.5 g of lithium metaborate (AR) is added, and the mixture is fused in a furnace at 1000°C for 20 minutes.
- After this period the sample is allowed to cool and is then dissolved by stirring with a solution consisting of 4% nitric and 2% tartaric acids. When the melt has completely dissolved, the solution is made up to a known standard volume (50 mls) at 20°C with the nitric/tartaric acid mixture.
- This solution is then analysed for iron by an appropriate method eg atom absorption spectroscopy.
- ii) Free iron: Approximately 2.5 g of kaolin is accurately weighed, and added to 15 mls of 0.05 molar hydrochloric acid. The mixture is heated to boiling for a fixed length of time (1 minute). The extraction is stopped after this time by immediate dilution with cold distilled water (at 6°C), to a standard volume (100 mls) at 20°C, and subsequent removal of the clay by centrifugation. A sample of the supernatant liquor is then removed and analysed for iron by an appropriate method eg, atomic absorption spectroscopy.
- A soap base derived from a feedstock of tallow (58%) and coconut oil (42%) was prepared using normal processing; 5.75% free coconut fatty acids were added. The base contained normal amounts of opacifier, perfume and stabiliser. Kaolin (10% by weight) was included in the test bars at the milling step; three samples of test soap bars were prepared, each containing a specified sample of kaolin.
- Test and control soap bars, the latter not containing clay, were stored for 6 weeks at 45°C (accelerated storage). They were then tested for colour deterioration (AE) against the control by taking measurements in a uniform colour space.
- The results are given in the Table:
- The samples A and B are found to provide acceptable degradation for commercial use. Sample C gave a higher colour degradation than Sample B through the latter had a higher level of total iron.
Claims (6)
1. A detergent bar containing at least 40% by weight of water-soluble salts of long-chain (C8 to C20) fatty acids and an amount of a sheet alumino-silicate component, characterised in that the sheet alumino-silicate contains above 0.2% by weight of iron total but not more than 50 ppm of free iron, the free iron being determined by extracting 2.5 g of the sheet alumino-silicate with 15 ml of boiling 0.05M hydrochloric acid for 1 minute, diluting to 100 ml with cold distilled water, removing the sheet alumino-silicate and measuring the iron content of the liquor.
2. A detergent bar according to claim 1 containing at least 1% of free fatty acid.
3. A detergent bar according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the sheet alumino-silicate component is present in an amount of at least about 5% by weight of the bar.
4. A detergent bar according to any preceding claim wherein the sheet alumino-silicate component is present in an amount up to about 50% by weight of the bar.
5. A detergent bar according to any preceding claim wherein the sheet alumino-silicate component is present in an amount below that which would provide a level of about 10 ppm free iron in the bar.
6. A detergent bar according to any preceding claim wherein the sheet alumino-silicate component is a kaolin.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8212321 | 1982-04-28 | ||
| GB8212321 | 1982-04-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0093011A1 EP0093011A1 (en) | 1983-11-02 |
| EP0093011B1 true EP0093011B1 (en) | 1986-06-18 |
Family
ID=10530039
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83302353A Expired EP0093011B1 (en) | 1982-04-28 | 1983-04-26 | Detergent bars |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0093011B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU552636B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8302155A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3364167D1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN157140B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA832968B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8505607D0 (en) * | 1985-03-05 | 1985-04-03 | Procter & Gamble Ltd | Detergent compositions |
| GB8518910D0 (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1985-09-04 | Procter & Gamble Ltd | Toilet compositions |
| DE3612701A1 (en) * | 1986-04-15 | 1987-10-22 | Degussa | DETERGENT IN PIECE SHAPE |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE339047C (en) * | 1915-08-22 | 1921-07-12 | Juenger & Gebhardt G M B H | Process for the production of solid toilet and household soaps in pieces or powder form |
| FR649731A (en) * | 1927-07-19 | 1928-12-27 | Ind Chimique Sa | Process for the preparation of soaps stable to water hardness salts and new industrial products resulting therefrom |
| FR888784A (en) * | 1942-12-04 | 1943-12-22 | Manufacturing process for soaps based on silica gel and low in fatty acids | |
| CH397127A (en) * | 1964-09-25 | 1965-08-15 | Diethelm Victor | Body care products based on soda soap |
-
1983
- 1983-04-19 IN IN133/BOM/83A patent/IN157140B/en unknown
- 1983-04-26 AU AU13940/83A patent/AU552636B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1983-04-26 DE DE8383302353T patent/DE3364167D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-26 EP EP83302353A patent/EP0093011B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-04-27 ZA ZA832968A patent/ZA832968B/en unknown
- 1983-04-27 BR BR8302155A patent/BR8302155A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU552636B2 (en) | 1986-06-12 |
| DE3364167D1 (en) | 1986-07-24 |
| BR8302155A (en) | 1983-12-27 |
| EP0093011A1 (en) | 1983-11-02 |
| ZA832968B (en) | 1984-12-24 |
| IN157140B (en) | 1986-01-25 |
| AU1394083A (en) | 1983-11-03 |
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