CA1093930A - Detergent bars - Google Patents
Detergent barsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1093930A CA1093930A CA311,303A CA311303A CA1093930A CA 1093930 A CA1093930 A CA 1093930A CA 311303 A CA311303 A CA 311303A CA 1093930 A CA1093930 A CA 1093930A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- dicarboxylic acid
- weight
- acid
- acids
- aliphatic dicarboxylic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/26—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen
- C11D9/267—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen containing free fatty acids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
cB.475 Abstract:
The benefits of having free long chain monocarboxylic acids in detergent bars are documented.
This invention describes their release in situ by reacting soap feedstock with aliphatic dicarboxylic acids.
The benefits of having free long chain monocarboxylic acids in detergent bars are documented.
This invention describes their release in situ by reacting soap feedstock with aliphatic dicarboxylic acids.
Description
10~ 330
- 2 _ cB.475 This invention relates to soap bars intended for personal washing and containing an amount of free long chain carboxylic acid and in particular to a method for their preparation.
The feedstock for soap bars is long chain (C8-C24) mono carboxylic acids which can be derived from natural sources, for example tallow, coconut oil, olive oil, or synthetic sources, for e~ample paraffin oxidation and the OX0 process. The long chain acids used will usually be a mixture of acids of different chain length because the naturally occurring sources contain mixtures and the synthetic processes~ however well controlled, provide mixtures. It is a usual practise to employ feedstocks from two or more sources, for example acids derived from tallo~ fat and coconut oil. The feedstock may contain a degree of unsaturation or branching in the alkyl chain.
Soaps are formed by neutralisation of these acids to form water soluble salts, preferably the sodium or potassium salts.
For many years it has been the practise to introduc@
into soap bars an amount, usually above about l~o by weight, of un_neutralised long chain acids to improve the properties of the bar in use. A usual upper limit is about l50,h by weight.
It has previously been suggested to release the carboxylic acids in a substantially completely neutralised feedstoc~ by addition of an acid stronger than the carboYylic acids present. The stronger acid is converted :
The feedstock for soap bars is long chain (C8-C24) mono carboxylic acids which can be derived from natural sources, for example tallow, coconut oil, olive oil, or synthetic sources, for e~ample paraffin oxidation and the OX0 process. The long chain acids used will usually be a mixture of acids of different chain length because the naturally occurring sources contain mixtures and the synthetic processes~ however well controlled, provide mixtures. It is a usual practise to employ feedstocks from two or more sources, for example acids derived from tallo~ fat and coconut oil. The feedstock may contain a degree of unsaturation or branching in the alkyl chain.
Soaps are formed by neutralisation of these acids to form water soluble salts, preferably the sodium or potassium salts.
For many years it has been the practise to introduc@
into soap bars an amount, usually above about l~o by weight, of un_neutralised long chain acids to improve the properties of the bar in use. A usual upper limit is about l50,h by weight.
It has previously been suggested to release the carboxylic acids in a substantially completely neutralised feedstoc~ by addition of an acid stronger than the carboYylic acids present. The stronger acid is converted :
- 3 - cB.475 to the salt while the carbo~Yylic acid is released within the neutralised mass. Examples of this method are given in United Kingdom patent specification 648,~22 (Dobbelmann) which discloses the use of hydrochloric acid and United States patent specification 3,494,869 (Lever Brothers Company) which discloses the use of phosphoric acid. A commercially used method of preparing soap bars with free carboxyli.c acid is to add the free acid to the neutralised feedstock;
this method of preparation requires specialised apparatus.
The present invention relates to soap bars not containing bacteriostats of the formula Cln OH OH
wherein ~ is sulphur or methylene and each n is an integer from 1 to 4.
The applica~ts are aware of ~TS patent 3,085,066 assigned to Monsanto Chemical Company. This specification discloses the use of dicarbo~lic acids to reduce the discolouration of detergent bars containing bacteriostats of the above formula.
The present invention proposes a method of preparing a soap bar not containing a bacteriostat of the type defined containing from about 1% to preferably about 15%
by weight of free long chain (C8-C24) monocarboxylic acids wherein substantially neutral water soluble salts of the acids is reacted with from about 0.1%~ preferabl~ about :.
1~3~3~30 cB.475 0.5/0, to preferably about 30/o by weight oI an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with the ~ormula COOH-Y-COO~, wherein Y is a hydrocarbon group containing fro~ 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Preferably the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid will contain 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group.
The hydrocarbon group may be branched and may contain a degree of unsaturation but preferably it is a methylene chain. Examples of these dicarboxylic acids are malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic and sebacic.
The substantially neutral mixture reacted with the dicarboxylic acid may contain alkalinity but not more than 1% by weight calculated as l~a20.
The presence of the salt of the dicarboxylic acid together with the free acid released by the method of the invention provides an improved lather and also reduces the rate of wear of the bar by reducing the mushing characteristics of the bar.
The presence of tbe dicarboxylic acid salt may adversely affect the bar properties and it may be necessary 20 to include a plasticiser in the formulation if the amount of water present is below about 12~o by weight of the total bar. The plasticiser will be added in a preferred amount of from about 1% to about lO~o by weight of the total and may be water That is, tbe water content sbould be retained above 12%~ but preferably it sbould be below 15%.
Other examples of plasticisers are long cbain alcohols (C10-C20) and water soluble salts of al~yl benzene sulphonates; the latter may be added as an aqueous slurry .
: .
~-_ 5 - cB.475 to the neutralised feedstock before or after addition of the dicarboxylic acid.
The dicarboxylic acid may be added as a dry powder or a slurry, for example with the perfume component or a short chain alcohol. The liquid used as based for the slurry will be selected to be substantially non-reactive with the dicarboxylic acid; for perfumes care must be exercised because reaction with one component can change the perfume. The addltion is made at a c~nvenient stage in the processing provided the long chain acid is released.
Examples of the method of the invention will now be given.
EXAMPLE I
Soap chips prepared from a feedstock of tallow and coconut derived fatty acids (50~50 mixture) were milled with usual commercial quantities of additives, e.g.
stabiliser, perfume, dye, opacifier and 1.8~o by weight adipic acid. The soap base contained no free long chain acid or free alkalinity but included 10% moisture.
The formulation milled together was Soap chips 92. 70% by weight Adipic acid 1. 80% by weight Water ~.ooo/0 by weight Usual additives 1.50~ by weight The adipic acid released an amount of free long chain acid from the soap chips, the product had improved lather and reduced mush. The water was added to plasticise the formulation.
~0,13;~930 - 6 - cB.475 E~SPLE II
Example I ~as repeated using succinic acid (0.95 by weight) in a soap base derived from 82118 tallow/
coconut fatty acids (97.5g/0). Tbe usual commercial S additives were present but no water was required to plasticise the soap mass. The product had improved lather and reduced mush.
EXA~PLE III
Example II was repeated using malonic acid ~0.840,h) and sebacic acid ~0016yo); similar results were obtained.
~ .
this method of preparation requires specialised apparatus.
The present invention relates to soap bars not containing bacteriostats of the formula Cln OH OH
wherein ~ is sulphur or methylene and each n is an integer from 1 to 4.
The applica~ts are aware of ~TS patent 3,085,066 assigned to Monsanto Chemical Company. This specification discloses the use of dicarbo~lic acids to reduce the discolouration of detergent bars containing bacteriostats of the above formula.
The present invention proposes a method of preparing a soap bar not containing a bacteriostat of the type defined containing from about 1% to preferably about 15%
by weight of free long chain (C8-C24) monocarboxylic acids wherein substantially neutral water soluble salts of the acids is reacted with from about 0.1%~ preferabl~ about :.
1~3~3~30 cB.475 0.5/0, to preferably about 30/o by weight oI an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with the ~ormula COOH-Y-COO~, wherein Y is a hydrocarbon group containing fro~ 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Preferably the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid will contain 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group.
The hydrocarbon group may be branched and may contain a degree of unsaturation but preferably it is a methylene chain. Examples of these dicarboxylic acids are malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic and sebacic.
The substantially neutral mixture reacted with the dicarboxylic acid may contain alkalinity but not more than 1% by weight calculated as l~a20.
The presence of the salt of the dicarboxylic acid together with the free acid released by the method of the invention provides an improved lather and also reduces the rate of wear of the bar by reducing the mushing characteristics of the bar.
The presence of tbe dicarboxylic acid salt may adversely affect the bar properties and it may be necessary 20 to include a plasticiser in the formulation if the amount of water present is below about 12~o by weight of the total bar. The plasticiser will be added in a preferred amount of from about 1% to about lO~o by weight of the total and may be water That is, tbe water content sbould be retained above 12%~ but preferably it sbould be below 15%.
Other examples of plasticisers are long cbain alcohols (C10-C20) and water soluble salts of al~yl benzene sulphonates; the latter may be added as an aqueous slurry .
: .
~-_ 5 - cB.475 to the neutralised feedstock before or after addition of the dicarboxylic acid.
The dicarboxylic acid may be added as a dry powder or a slurry, for example with the perfume component or a short chain alcohol. The liquid used as based for the slurry will be selected to be substantially non-reactive with the dicarboxylic acid; for perfumes care must be exercised because reaction with one component can change the perfume. The addltion is made at a c~nvenient stage in the processing provided the long chain acid is released.
Examples of the method of the invention will now be given.
EXAMPLE I
Soap chips prepared from a feedstock of tallow and coconut derived fatty acids (50~50 mixture) were milled with usual commercial quantities of additives, e.g.
stabiliser, perfume, dye, opacifier and 1.8~o by weight adipic acid. The soap base contained no free long chain acid or free alkalinity but included 10% moisture.
The formulation milled together was Soap chips 92. 70% by weight Adipic acid 1. 80% by weight Water ~.ooo/0 by weight Usual additives 1.50~ by weight The adipic acid released an amount of free long chain acid from the soap chips, the product had improved lather and reduced mush. The water was added to plasticise the formulation.
~0,13;~930 - 6 - cB.475 E~SPLE II
Example I ~as repeated using succinic acid (0.95 by weight) in a soap base derived from 82118 tallow/
coconut fatty acids (97.5g/0). Tbe usual commercial S additives were present but no water was required to plasticise the soap mass. The product had improved lather and reduced mush.
EXA~PLE III
Example II was repeated using malonic acid ~0.840,h) and sebacic acid ~0016yo); similar results were obtained.
~ .
Claims (6)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of preparing soap bars containing at least about 1% of long chain (C8-C24) monocarboxylie acids wherein substantially neutral water soluble salts of long chain (C8-C24) monocarboxylic acids, not containing bacteriostats of formula where x is sulphur or methylene and each n is an integer from 1 to 4, are reacted with at least about 0.1% by weight of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid with the formula COOH-Y-COOH, where Y is a hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein at least about 0.5% by weight of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is reacted.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein up to about 0.5% by weight of the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is reacted.
4. A method according to Claim 1 wherein the aliphatic dicarboxylic acid contains 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group.
5. A method according to Claim 1 wherein the hydrocarbon group of the dicarboxylic acid is a methylene chain.
6. A method according to Claim 1 wherein the dicarboxylic acid is selected frommalonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic and sebacic.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB3856577 | 1977-09-15 | ||
| GB38565/77 | 1977-09-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1093930A true CA1093930A (en) | 1981-01-20 |
Family
ID=10404307
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA311,303A Expired CA1093930A (en) | 1977-09-15 | 1978-09-14 | Detergent bars |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5453112A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT377285B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE870376A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7806027A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1093930A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH637693A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2839862A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK403978A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2403382A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2004564B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR66559B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1160650B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7809353A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO151373C (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ188389A (en) |
| PH (1) | PH13970A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT68558A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE425797B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA785242B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3046842C2 (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1985-05-09 | Colgate-Palmolive Co., New York, N.Y. | Soap compositions with improved resistance to cracking |
| NZ202842A (en) * | 1981-12-23 | 1986-05-09 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Crack-resistant detergent bar containing fatty acid soaps |
| AU2378584A (en) * | 1983-02-02 | 1984-08-09 | National Distillers And Chemical Corporation | Preparation of alkaline earth and heavy metal soaps of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids by precipitaion |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3085066A (en) * | 1958-11-24 | 1963-04-09 | Monsanto Chemicals | Color stabilizers for detergents containing bacteriostats |
| FR2008916A1 (en) * | 1968-05-20 | 1970-01-30 | Colgate Palmolive Co |
-
1978
- 1978-09-08 PH PH21588A patent/PH13970A/en unknown
- 1978-09-11 BE BE190401A patent/BE870376A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-09-11 GR GR57202A patent/GR66559B/el unknown
- 1978-09-11 NZ NZ188389A patent/NZ188389A/en unknown
- 1978-09-13 DK DK403978A patent/DK403978A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-09-13 DE DE19782839862 patent/DE2839862A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1978-09-13 GB GB7836664A patent/GB2004564B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-13 AT AT0660178A patent/AT377285B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-09-14 PT PT68558A patent/PT68558A/en unknown
- 1978-09-14 NO NO783110A patent/NO151373C/en unknown
- 1978-09-14 NL NL7809353A patent/NL7809353A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-09-14 IT IT69129/78A patent/IT1160650B/en active
- 1978-09-14 FR FR7826386A patent/FR2403382A1/en active Granted
- 1978-09-14 SE SE7809694A patent/SE425797B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-09-14 JP JP11351578A patent/JPS5453112A/en active Pending
- 1978-09-14 BR BR7806027A patent/BR7806027A/en unknown
- 1978-09-14 ZA ZA785242A patent/ZA785242B/en unknown
- 1978-09-14 CA CA311,303A patent/CA1093930A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-15 CH CH968078A patent/CH637693A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2403382A1 (en) | 1979-04-13 |
| IT1160650B (en) | 1987-03-11 |
| NO151373B (en) | 1984-12-17 |
| CH637693A5 (en) | 1983-08-15 |
| FR2403382B1 (en) | 1982-02-26 |
| ZA785242B (en) | 1980-04-30 |
| NZ188389A (en) | 1981-01-23 |
| DK403978A (en) | 1979-03-16 |
| ATA660178A (en) | 1984-07-15 |
| GB2004564B (en) | 1982-08-11 |
| NO151373C (en) | 1985-03-27 |
| PT68558A (en) | 1978-10-01 |
| AT377285B (en) | 1985-02-25 |
| SE425797B (en) | 1982-11-08 |
| IT7869129A0 (en) | 1978-09-14 |
| GB2004564A (en) | 1979-04-04 |
| NL7809353A (en) | 1979-03-19 |
| DE2839862A1 (en) | 1979-03-29 |
| PH13970A (en) | 1980-11-12 |
| SE7809694L (en) | 1979-03-16 |
| JPS5453112A (en) | 1979-04-26 |
| NO783110L (en) | 1979-03-16 |
| GR66559B (en) | 1981-03-27 |
| BR7806027A (en) | 1979-05-02 |
| BE870376A (en) | 1979-03-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |