EP0090996B1 - Parking device for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A parking device for motor vehicles which have to drive up onto pallets (2, 5) and have to be parked on this pallets, with means (6) for lifting and lowering of a part (5) of the pallets and with means for moving sideways of another part (2) of the pallets, where the pallets (2, 5) for the motor vehicles are arranged side by side and one upon another and the parking places on one part of the pallets above and/or below of a drive-in plane (Y) can be reached by lifting, respectively lowering of the pallets (5) and the other part of the pallets (2) are at least in the one plane (Y) sideways movable, characterised in that for a plurality of pallets, which are arranged side by side, can be lifted and lowered, but not be moved sideways, a common lifting device (6) is provided, which is movable sideways, right-angled to the passing direction of the pallets.

Description

The invention relates to a parking device for motor vehicles, which are to be moved onto and placed on pallets, with devices for lifting and lowering a part of the pallets and devices for laterally displacing a further part of the pallets, the pallets for the motor vehicles being arranged side by side and one above the other and the parking spaces on one part of the pallets above and / or below an access level are accessible by raising or lowering the pallets and the other part of the pallets can be moved laterally in at least one level.

With parking devices, there is the general problem that the largest possible number of motor vehicles is to be accommodated on a given base area, the arrangement in several levels possibly also having to be used. At the same time, however, the further problem that any vehicle should be able to be moved away at any time without other vehicles having to be moved away should therefore also be solved, or any parking space should be usable at any time.

From DE-PS 1 684753, for example, a parking device with two pallet-like platforms is known, which can be raised and lowered and tilted together, so that one or the other platform can be driven on. What is undesirable here is the sometimes required steep inclination of the platforms in the driving position. If the platforms or the pallets are kept completely horizontal during the lifting and lowering process, as described, for example, in DE-OS 2 729 769, it follows that at least the space required for a vehicle must remain unused if it is to be achieved that all other parking spaces or vehicles are always accessible.

DE-AS 1 193 660 proposes a device for parking three vehicles one above the other. If the available space is used to the maximum, not every vehicle or every parking space is always accessible.

The necessity of always leaving one parking space unused when two or three platforms that are not inclinable one above the other can be avoided in a certain way if several such devices are used next to one another and if the platforms or Parking space pallets are provided. A total of only one space then has to be left free, and it is nevertheless achieved that all other parking spaces can be reached without vehicles having to be moved away from the other parking spaces. Such a parking device of the type specified at the outset is described in CH-A 536 919.

In a parking device of this type, it is necessary to provide lifting devices for the pallets above or below the access level in order to bring the pallets into the travel position. The CH-A 536 919 provides a special lifting device for each pallet, so that a relatively large effort arises. Added to this is the effort for driving the laterally displaceable pallet. The advantage of gaining additional parking space is therefore offset by the disadvantage of considerable additional effort.

Another parking device is described in CH-A 520 852. The motor vehicles stand on drivable pallets that can be raised and lowered and moved laterally. In contrast to the parking device of the type described in the introduction, essentially only one loading or unloading place is provided, from which the pallets are transported to storage boxes by a movable lifting device. The lifting device moves in a middle level of the parking device, and the storage boxes and also the loading or unloading place are located to the side of the movement space of the lifting device. As a result, it is only possible with such a parking device to use less than 2/3 of the available space for parking the vehicles.

The invention has for its object to provide an arrangement in a parking device of the type specified at the outset, which allows the manufacturing outlay of such a parking device to be considerably reduced.

To achieve this object, the invention is based on a parking device of the type described in the introduction and proposes that a common lifting device is provided for a plurality of pallets arranged next to one another, which can be raised and lowered, but not laterally displaced, which is laterally perpendicular to the direction of travel of the pallets is movable.

The invention is based on the consideration that in a parking device of the type described in the introduction, in which vertical and lateral movements of the parking space pallets are combined with one another, the intended lifting devices are only necessary or usable if the respectively selected row of parking spaces arranged one above the other a parking space is cleared by lateral movement of the relevant pallet. It is thus possible to operate with such a parking device without any operational disadvantage with a single lifting device, which lifting device then serves a larger number of parking spaces arranged side by side. It is obvious that if a parking device consists of a larger number of parking spaces arranged next to each other, each of which is allocated above or below other parking spaces, it is advisable to divide the overall arrangement into individual groups and then the individual Groups each assign a laterally displaceable lifting device in the sense of the invention.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is proposed that the lifting device can be moved on a rail at the front and rear end of the parking spaces. The lifting device can extend like a trolley over the parking space level.

In another construction, the lifting device is designed like a portal.

The invention can be designed in such a way that the lifting device only comprises the drive means in order to ensure that the individual pallets can be moved empty or in height with the vehicles parked thereon. The pallets can be guided in fixed rails, which are each assigned to the pallets. However, it is better if the lifting device is provided with vertical rails in which the pallets are guided during the lifting movement. The entire lifting device with all associated parts can thus be moved laterally and is assigned to the pallet that is to be raised or lowered.

It has turned out to be a very advantageous feature if the lifting device reaches under the ends of the pallets during the lateral movement. This ensures that the lifting device is adapted directly to the pallet to be lifted at the end of the respective lateral movement and that, for example, the coupling process between the lifting elements on the one hand and the pallet on the other hand is completed at the start of the lifting movement. As a rule, the lifting device will be made in one piece. However, the invention can also be implemented if the lifting device consists of a part at the front and a part at the rear end of the parking space, each of which is provided with a drive for the lateral displacement. With such a design, no parts of the lifting device move above or below the central part of the parking spaces, which can be advantageous in very confined spaces.

It has been found that the invention provides a significant advantage not only in that only a single lifting device can be assigned to a larger number of parking spaces arranged side by side. Another advantage of the invention consists in the considerable space saving in comparison with corresponding known devices in which two or more parking spaces one above the other are each assigned a special lifting device. If, for two or more parking spaces one above the other, a special lifting device is provided, which is considered stationary in itself, this lifting device also needs a sufficient space on the side, which is usually added to the space required for driving into the parking space. Even if this additional space requirement is very small, it should be noted that this space requirement adds up for a row of parking spaces arranged side by side, so that an entire parking space or a vertical row of parking spaces can no longer be accommodated for these reasons. Since the lifting device can be moved laterally in the invention, the lifting device itself requires practically no additional space. Even if the lifting device is arranged in the access level, the lifting device can for example extend into the area of the adjacent parking spaces which are not being used at this time.

Since it is further possible with the invention to laterally shift the pallets between the travel position and the lifting or lowering movement, the invention, as is further proposed, also allows the arrangement of extensions which can be folded away or pivoted away on the pallets, as a result of which driving onto the pallets Pallets is significantly facilitated without a significant additional space requirement in the overall arrangement. The additional space required for the widening only occurs once and can be used with every drive.

The invention also proposes a lock for securing and holding raised pallets.

As stated above, the invention relates to a system in which the pallets can be moved laterally in the access plane. To simplify the construction, the invention proposes that the lifting device forms the drive for the lateral displacement of the pallets. According to the main proposal of the invention, the lifting device is movable laterally anyway, so it requires a drive for this lateral movement. The lifting device can thus also serve as a push or towing vehicle for the lateral movement of the corresponding pallets without any particular effort. This saves a special drive for the lateral movement of the pallets. Finally, the invention proposes that the rail track for the lateral displacement of the pallets is connected to the rail track for the lateral displacement of the lifting device.

• Fig. 1 bis 3 schematische Ansichten einer Parkvorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung in verschiedenen Betriebstellungen,
• Fig. 4 eine Teilansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Parkvorrichtung,
• Fig. 5 einen Schnitt durch die Darstellung der Fig. 4 entsprechend der Schnittlinie V-V,
• Fig. 6 eine Ansicht eines anderen Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung,
• Fig. 7 einen Schnitt durch die Darstellung der Fig. 6 entsprechend der Schnittlinie VII-VII,
• Fig. 8 eine Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung,
• Fig. 9 einen Schnitt durch die Darstellung der Fig. 8 entsprechend der Schnittlinie IX-IX,
• Fig. 10 eine Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung und
• Fig. 11 einen Schnitt durch die Darstellung der Fig. 10 entsprechend der Schnittlinie XI-XI.

In the drawing and some embodiments of the invention shown schematically. Show it:

• 1 to 3 are schematic views of a parking device according to the invention in different operating positions,
• 4 is a partial view of a parking device according to the invention,
• 5 shows a section through the representation of FIG. 4 along the section line VV,
• 6 is a view of another embodiment of the invention,
• Fig. 7 shows a section through the representation of the 6 corresponding to the section line VII-VII,
• 8 is a view of a further embodiment of the invention,
• 9 shows a section through the representation of FIG. 8 along the section line IX-IX,
• 10 is a view of a further embodiment of the invention and
• Fig. 11 is a section through the representation of Fig. 10 along the section line XI-XI.

1 to 3, a parking device is indicated in which the motor vehicles are parked in three planes X, Y and Z. Level Y is the access level. The level Z is lowered and is, for example, in a pit, while the level X is above the level Y. In the embodiment shown, five vertical rows of parking spaces are provided side by side. These five rows and labeled A, B, C, D and E. Each of the parking spaces is provided with a pallet P. Such a pallet is only missing in plane Y of row B, so that in the parking device according to FIG. 1 fourteen vehicles can be parked on pallets.

The pallets P of the plane Y can be moved laterally at right angles to the direction of travel, that is to say in the representation plane of FIG. 1, so that the four pallets of the plane Y can be moved laterally individually. The pallets of plane X and, on the other hand, only movable in the vertical direction, that is to say to lower them from plane X into plane Y, provided that the free space is in each case at the desired location. The same applies to the pallets of level Z, which can be raised to level Y.

For the lifting process of the pallets P from the planes X and Z into the plane Y, the lifting device H is provided, which is located in the area of the row D in the illustration in FIG. 1.

If, for example, the pallet PCX of row C of level X is to be driven on, proceed as follows.

The pallets of level Y are to be moved so that there is free space in the vertical row C and the lifting device H is also to be assigned to row C. 2 shows this position.

Now the pallet PCX can be lowered to level Y and driven on by means of the lifting device H.

If another pallet is to be driven on or if a vehicle parked there is to be moved away, the pallet PCX is brought back to level X by means of the lifting device H and the free space and the lifting device are assigned to the respective pallet.

It is clear that the parking spaces or pallets of level Y are generally always immediately accessible, provided that the width of the elevator H allows this. With a larger width, for example, a lateral displacement of the lifting device may also be required.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a total of five vertical rows A to E have been adopted. The number of the vertical row can of course be chosen arbitrarily. If there are a large number of vertical rows, it may be advisable to arrange several lifting devices in order to speed up the driving process.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, it is also assumed that the lifting device H is effective for all three planes X, Y, Z.

However, as shown in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 10 and 11, it can be recommended to use two lifting devices in different planes.

The invention can also be used if only two planes, for example X and Y or Y and Z, are available for seduction. In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 4 to 7 described below and only parking spaces on levels Y and Z are provided, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 8 and 9 only parking spaces on levels Y and X are provided.

The main field of application of the invention is parking devices with two or three levels, as stated above. However, the parking device according to the invention can also be used with more than three levels, it then proving necessary or advisable to provide pallets or vehicles that can be laterally displaced in more than one level and also to leave more than one space free of pallets or vehicles.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, parking spaces are provided on the access level Y and on the level Z, which is arranged sunk in a shaft 1. The pallets 2 of the Y plane are laterally movable by rollers 3 on a rail track 4. For the pallets 5 of the Z level, the lifting device 6 is provided, which can be displaced in rails 7 from the bottom 8 of the shaft 1. The lifting device 6 is designed like a portal. The displacement motor for the lifting device 6 is designated 9, the elevator motor 10. The elevator motor acts on the elevator carriers 11 guided in the rails 23, which reach under the ends 12 or 13 of the pallets 5 and these essentially at the level of the plane Raise Y. It is not necessary that exactly the level of the pallets 2 is reached, rather it is sufficient if the raised pallets 5 can be driven on.

The motor 10 drives a winch, the elevator cables 24 of which are connected to the carriers 11. The elevator design by means of a winch with winch ropes etc. can of course be easily replaced by other elevator means, for example by hydraulic presses or the like, known means.

The pallets 2 can be provided with lateral widenings 14 which, for example, can be folded away and which also carry protective railings 15 or the like.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from that according to FIGS. 4 and 5 essentially in that the portal-like lifting device 6 is not supported on the bottom 8 of the shaft 1, but rather that this lifting device is guided on rails 16, which are arranged at the upper end of the shaft in the region of the rails 4 for the pallets 2. Accordingly, the displacement motor 9 is also provided in the area of these rails. The rails 2 and the rails 16 can be structurally connected to one another and additionally supported, for example, by supports 17 on the floor 8 of the shaft.

While in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 4 to 7 the parking device according to the invention has parking spaces on the lowered level Z, in the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9 the parking spaces of the pallets 2 on the driving level Y are combined with parking spaces which are provided on the raised level X. are. The pallets 18 of level X are therefore assigned support elements 19, on which the pallets 18 are suspended in the raised position. The suspension position is secured by the locking devices 21 which are provided on the support elements 19 and engage under the hooks 22 on the pallets 18.

It is noted that the pallets 18 do not perform any displacement movement on the support elements 19 in the raised position. Only the pallets 2 are laterally displaceable in the plane Y. These pallets 2 can have a shorter design in the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9, since the rollers 3 can be arranged here directly under the wheels of the parked vehicle.

The exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11 essentially represents a combination of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 9. The lifting movement between the planes X and Y is provided by the lifting device 26 and the lifting movement between the planes Z and Y the lifting device 36. Both lifting devices can have a similar design, the lifting device portals each being arranged in a hanging manner.

If the pallets of plane Y are to be moved laterally by means of the laterally displaceable lifting devices 6 or 26 or 36, this can be achieved by simple entrainment elements by means of which one or more pallets are attached to the lifting device, which are then like a towing or pushing car affects the pallet.

In the exemplary embodiments shown, portal-like lifting devices are always shown, the vertical parts of which can be displaced in front of or behind the parked motor vehicles or the pallets. The vertical parts of the lifting devices each form the rails for the lifting process. In modified embodiments of the invention, however, these vertical parts of the lifting devices can also be directed, for example, from bottom to top or can be swung down by a trolley-like lifting device.

Claims (11)

1. A parking device for motor vehicles which have to drive up onto pallets (2, 5) and have to be parked on this pallets, with means (6) for lifting and lowering of a part (5) of the pallets and with means for moving sideways of another part (2) of the pallets, where the pallets (2, 5) for the motor vehicles are arranged side by side and one upon another and the parking places on one part of the pallets above and/or below of a drive-in plane (Y) can be reached by lifting, respectively lowering of the pallets (5) and the other part of the pallets (2) are at least in the one plane (Y) sideways movable, characterised in that for a plurality of pallets, which are arranged side by side, can be lifted and lowered, but not be moved sideways, a common lifting device (6) is provided, which is movable sideways, right-angled to the passing direction of the pallets.

2. A parking device in accordance with claim 1 characterised in that the lifting device (6) is movable on one rail at every end, ahead and back, of the parking places.

3. A parking device in accordance with one or both of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lifting device (6) extends like a crane trolley over one plane of parking places.

4. A parking device in accordance with one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lifting device (6) is formed like a portal.

5. A parking device in accordance with one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lifting device (6) has vertical rails (23), in which the pallets (5) are guided during the lifting.

6. A parking device in accordance with one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lifting device (6) during the moving sideways grasps under the ends (12, 13) of the pallets.

7. A parking device in accordance with one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lifting device consists in a part on the front and a part on the back end of the parking place every one provided with a drive.

8. A parking device in accordance with one ore more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the pallets (2) have broadenings (14), which are removed or shoved away sideways.

9. A parking device in accordance with one or more of the preceding claims characterised by locking mechanisms (21) for securing and holding of lifted pallets (18).

10. A parking device in accordance with one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the lifting device is the drive for the moving sideways of the pallets.

11. A parking device in accordance with one or more of the preceding claims, characterised in that the rail tracks (4) for the moving sideways of the pallets (2) is connected with the rail track (16) for the lifting device (6).

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