EP0090867B2 - Board for lying in bath tubs - Google Patents

Board for lying in bath tubs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090867B2
EP0090867B2 EP82102874A EP82102874A EP0090867B2 EP 0090867 B2 EP0090867 B2 EP 0090867B2 EP 82102874 A EP82102874 A EP 82102874A EP 82102874 A EP82102874 A EP 82102874A EP 0090867 B2 EP0090867 B2 EP 0090867B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plates
base plate
plate
hinged
reclining platform
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP82102874A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0090867A1 (en
EP0090867B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schmidt and Lenhardt GmbH and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25792283&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0090867(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to DE19813112679 priority Critical patent/DE3112679A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE8282102874T priority patent/DE3264856D1/en
Priority to AT82102874T priority patent/ATE14375T1/en
Priority to EP82102874A priority patent/EP0090867B2/en
Priority to DK298582A priority patent/DK150404C/en
Priority to IE1620/82A priority patent/IE52970B1/en
Priority to ZA824894A priority patent/ZA824894B/en
Priority to US06/398,055 priority patent/US4407029A/en
Priority to GR68780A priority patent/GR76219B/el
Priority to CA000407381A priority patent/CA1169602A/en
Priority to JP57122807A priority patent/JPS58173546A/en
Priority to DD82241767A priority patent/DD202108A5/en
Priority to AU86319/82A priority patent/AU545809B2/en
Priority to ES1983279890U priority patent/ES279890Y/en
Publication of EP0090867A1 publication Critical patent/EP0090867A1/en
Publication of EP0090867B1 publication Critical patent/EP0090867B1/en
Publication of EP0090867B2 publication Critical patent/EP0090867B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
    • A61G7/1001—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto specially adapted for specific applications
    • A61G7/1003—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto specially adapted for specific applications mounted on or in combination with a bath-tub
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
    • A61G7/1013—Lifting of patients by
    • A61G7/1019—Vertical extending columns or mechanisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
    • A61G7/1049—Attachment, suspending or supporting means for patients
    • A61G7/1057—Supported platforms, frames or sheets for patient in lying position
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G2200/00—Information related to the kind of patient or his position
    • A61G2200/30—Specific positions of the patient
    • A61G2200/32—Specific positions of the patient lying
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
    • A61G7/1013—Lifting of patients by
    • A61G7/1021—Inflatable cushions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S5/00—Beds
    • Y10S5/90—Bathtub or bed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bed plate for bathtub inserts, which have a base element and a lifting frame arranged above it with a lifting device, the bed plate being designed as an elongated, essentially rectangular base plate and two side pivot plates pivotably attached to the longitudinal sides of the base plate and two pivotable on the narrow sides of the base plate has attached end swivel plates, all swivel plates in a bathing position, in which the bed plate is lowered in the bathtub, stand up and can be attached to the bathtub walls, the corner areas between two adjacent swivel plates by means of bendable or foldable gussets, the base plate and the swivel plates covering one-piece flexible support mat are at least partially closed, which is a front swivel plate longer in the longitudinal direction of the base plate than the opposite end swivel plate and all four swivel plates one entry and one exit gsposition in which the swivel plates are at least approximately in the plane of the base plate and are supported on this, and in which
  • Such a bed plate is published in ASbH letter No. 5/1981 by ASbH, Kaiserstr. 6, D-5750 Menden.
  • Such a bathtub insert makes it possible for a physically handicapped person to climb the raised bed plate without outside help, to lower himself and bathe with the bed plate and then to return to the exit position.
  • the swivel plates serve to close the gap between the base plate and the bathtub, so that the disabled person cannot get trapped, in particular when the bed plate is moving downwards.
  • impaired people try to hold on to the swivel plates when moving down the bed plate.
  • the swivel plates are swiveled upwards and even inwards, so that the disabled person can reach under the base plate, just as would be possible without swivel plates. There is therefore a great danger that the disabled, who can only control his body movement to a limited extent, will be trapped with arms and legs. If both hands or arms are trapped, he cannot even operate the start-up valve. So he cannot free himself from this situation.
  • the object of the invention is to design the bed plate so that the swivel plates are forcibly held against the bed plate lowered in the bathtub even with steep tub walls and in the raised position of the bed plate also forcibly reach the plane of the base plate.
  • Swing-down side frames on bed plates with springs are known from DE-A-25 52 557, but here the springs serve to hold a lock for the swivel frame in the locked position.
  • the locks must first be released by hand against the spring force, after which the swivel frame can swing down under the base plate.
  • This bed plate is not suitable for use in a bathtub.
  • the length of the bath is optimally used and at the same time the bath is fully covered when the bed plate is in the raised position.
  • the spring arrangements ensure that all swivel plates are pressed tightly against the tub walls at any height of the bed plate.
  • the base plate with the four side and end plates forms a walk-on platform that rests on the tub rim and thus completely covers the tub.
  • Embodiments of the invention consist in that the surfaces of the base plate and all four swivel plates are covered by a one-piece, flexible support mat which has a curved outer contour in the gusset area and that the radial extension of the gusset is shorter than the width of the adjacent swivel plates that the corners of the base plate and those of both corners of each swivel plate that are adjacent to the base plate are rounded or beveled, that the length of the side plates is shorter than the length of the base plate and the length of the end plates is shorter than the width of the base plate, that the support mat over the narrow sides of the swivel plates protrudes on both sides and that the shorter gusset in the radial extension adjoin these protruding sections, that at least the base plate is provided with a large number of openings, that the base plate is attached to the support plate of the lifting frame in an easily detachable manner i
  • the base plate is preferably attached to the support plate by means of pins, that the support
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the basic structure of a bathtub insert consisting of base plate 10, two lifting frames 12, 14, which are connected to one another by links 16, a support plate 18, which is vertically movably guided by the supporting frames, two lifting devices 20, 22 in the form of pressurized water bellows and a manual valve 66 under the support plate, which has three water connections.
  • One is connected to the domestic water pipe via a hose, another is connected to the two bellows 20, 22 and the third is connected to the tub drain. The user can thus control the raising and lowering of the support plate without any effort.
  • a bed plate 26 is removably attached to the support plate 18 by means of pins 24, which consists of a rectangular base plate 28, but rounded at the corners, two side pivot plates 30, 32 and two end pivot plates 34, 36 . All swivel plates 30-36 are connected to the base plate 28 by means of hinge bands or hinge band sections 38 in such a way that the plates can pivot upwards but not below the plane of the base plate. Adjacent edge surfaces of the base plate and swivel plate abut one another if both plates are in the same plane.
  • the length of the side swivel plates 30, 32 is slightly less than the length of the base plate 28 and the length of the end swivel plates 34, 36 is also somewhat less than the width of the base plate 28. It is also important that the two corners of the swivel plates facing the base plate are rounded or beveled. Roundings 40 are recommended for the side swivel plates. Bevels 42 are shown for the end swivel plates, which have a purpose to be described.
  • the side swivel plate 30 is narrower than the opposite side swivel plate 32, because the latter serves as a front plate in commonly installed tubs, which lies on the entire width of the tub rim and may overlap it.
  • the disabled uses this plate 32 and possibly the adjoining section of the base plate 28 as a temporary seat before taking his place on the bed plate.
  • a smaller width is sufficient for the plate 30 because it only has to cover the trough gap.
  • the front swivel plate 36 has a width approximately equal to the narrow side wall swivel plate 30. It overlaps the tub rim on the foot side.
  • the opposite end swivel plate 34 is much wider than the opposite end swivel plate 36. It serves as a head plate and closes off the top of the tub despite the inclination of the head-side wall.
  • the mat preferably consists of a foam blank which has a certain cushioning effect and which has a large number of openings.
  • the base plate is also provided with a number of openings 46.
  • the support mat 44 is longer and wider than the bed plate and is laid over the outer edges of the four swivel plates by 180 ° and detachable on the undersides of the swivel plates, preferably fastened with textile adhesive tapes.
  • the support mat 44 has on its underside textile adhesive tape sections which interact with corresponding adhesive tape sections which have been glued onto the hinges 38. The mat is secured against moving and is protected against the hinges.
  • the corner recesses between two adjacent swivel plates are partially covered by gussets 48 of the support mat. In order to facilitate the automatic folding of these gussets 48 when the bed plate is lowered, they have a smaller radial extension 50 than they correspond to the width of the adjacent pivot plate.
  • the gusset does not reach directly to the narrow edges of the swivel plates, but that the support mat 44 protrudes by the dimension 51 over the entire width of the narrow sides. This configuration facilitates the folding of the gusset 48.
  • the swivel plates 30-36 are folded up and are pressed against the tub edges by springs which try to swivel the swivel plates downwards.
  • springs for example leaf springs
  • leg springs 52 in the coulter 6 to install kidney 38 in such a way that, according to FIG. 6, one or more spaced-apart strap tabs are removed from the mutually interlocking strap links 54, 56 of the two hinge strap parts and are replaced by a leg spring 52 which is penetrated by the articulated rod 58 of the hinge strap becomes.
  • the leg spring is used in the pretensioned state in such a way that it presses the swivel plate 34 into the same geometric plane of the base plate 28.
  • the swivel plates 30- 36 swivel outwards accordingly and keep contact with the tub edge. If the uppermost entry and exit position is reached, all swivel plates are pivoted into the plane of the base plate in contact with it and lie on the tub edges. The entire bath is covered by the bed plate without gaps.
  • a deflection bracket 60 is shown on the bottom end swivel plate 36 on the underside, which prevents jamming of this swivel plate on the upper tub drain.
  • the roundings 40 and bevels 42 on the base plate-side corners of the swivel plates 30-36 serve to make it easier to fold the support mat 44 in the gusset areas.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nursing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Invalid Beds And Related Equipment (AREA)
  • Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
  • Bathtub Accessories (AREA)
  • Bathtubs, Showers, And Their Attachments (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

A reclining platform for bathtub units has a rectangular-shaped reclining platform and four hinged plates joined to the side edges of said reclining platform by means of hinges. The hinges are equipped with springs that press the hinged plates into the same plane as the base plate. The hinged plates can pivot upwards against the tension of the built-in springs. The entire reclining platform has a mat, which forms wedges at the corner recesses between each two hinged plates. The mat consists of a flexible material. The reclining platform covers the entire length of the bathtub, without folds, when the unit is in raised position. When the unit is lowered, the hinged plates abut tightly against the tub walls, and the wedges are folded up and close off the rounded corners of the walls as well. The new unit ensures that handicapped persons cannot get caught.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Liegeplatte für Badewanneneinsätze, die ein Bodenelement und ein darüber angeordnetes Hubgestell mit Hebevorrichtung aufweisen, wobei die Liegeplatte als längliche, im wesentlichen rechteckige Grundplatte ausgebildet ist und zwei an den Längsseiten der Grundplatte schwenkbar angebrachte Seitenschwenkplatten sowie zwei an den Schmalseiten der Grundplatte schwenkbar angebrachte Stirnschwenkplatten aufweist, alle Schwenkplatten in einer Badestellung, in der die Liegeplatte in der Badewanne abgesenkt ist, nach oben stehen und an die Badewannenwände anlegbar sind, die Eckbereiche zwischen je zwei benachbarten Schwenkplatten durch bieg- oder faltbare Zwickel einer, die Grundplatte und die Schwenkplatten überdeckenden einstückigen biegsamen Auflagematte mindestens zum Teil geschlossen sind, die eine Stirnschwenkplatte in Grundplattenlängsrichtung länger als die gegenüberliegende Stirnschwenkplatte ist und alle vier Schwenkplatten je eine Ein- und Ausstiegsstellung aufweisen, in der die Schwenkplatten wenigstens angenähert in der Ebene der Grundplatte liegen und sich an dieser abstützen, und in der die Liegeplatte nicht in der Badewanne abgesenkt ist.The invention relates to a bed plate for bathtub inserts, which have a base element and a lifting frame arranged above it with a lifting device, the bed plate being designed as an elongated, essentially rectangular base plate and two side pivot plates pivotably attached to the longitudinal sides of the base plate and two pivotable on the narrow sides of the base plate has attached end swivel plates, all swivel plates in a bathing position, in which the bed plate is lowered in the bathtub, stand up and can be attached to the bathtub walls, the corner areas between two adjacent swivel plates by means of bendable or foldable gussets, the base plate and the swivel plates covering one-piece flexible support mat are at least partially closed, which is a front swivel plate longer in the longitudinal direction of the base plate than the opposite end swivel plate and all four swivel plates one entry and one exit gsposition in which the swivel plates are at least approximately in the plane of the base plate and are supported on this, and in which the bed plate is not lowered in the bathtub.

Eine derartige Liegeplatte ist aus dem ASbH-Brief Nr. 5/1981 herausgegeben vom Eigenverlag ASbH, Kaiserstr. 6, D-5750 Menden bekannt. Ein solcher Badewanneneinsatz ermöglicht es, einer körperbehinderten Person die hochgefahrene Liegeplatte ohne fremde Hilfe zu besteigen, sich mit der Liegeplatte abzusenken und zu baden und anschließend sich wieder in die Ausstiegsstellung hochzufahren. Die Schwenkplatten dienen dazu, den Spalt zwischen der Grundplatte und der Badewanne zu schließen, sodaß der Behinderte sich insbesondere beim Abwärtsfahren der Liegeplatte nicht einklemmen kann. Die Erfahrung hat nun aber gezeigt, daß sich Behinderte beim Abwärtsfahren der Liegeplatte an den Schwenkplatten festzuhalten suchen. Die Schwenkplatten werden nach oben und sogar nach innen verschwenkt, sodaß der Behinderte unter die Grundplatte greifen kann, genauso, wie dies ohne Schwenkplatten möglich wäre. Es besteht somit die große Gefahr, daß der Behinderte, der seine Körperbewegung nur begrenzt kontrollieren kann, mit Armen und Beinen eingeklemmt wird. Wenn beide Hände oder Arme eingeklemmt sind, kann er nicht einmal das Ventil zum Hochfahren betätigen. Er kann sich aus dieser Lage also nicht selbst befreien.Such a bed plate is published in ASbH letter No. 5/1981 by ASbH, Kaiserstr. 6, D-5750 Menden. Such a bathtub insert makes it possible for a physically handicapped person to climb the raised bed plate without outside help, to lower himself and bathe with the bed plate and then to return to the exit position. The swivel plates serve to close the gap between the base plate and the bathtub, so that the disabled person cannot get trapped, in particular when the bed plate is moving downwards. Experience has shown, however, that disabled people try to hold on to the swivel plates when moving down the bed plate. The swivel plates are swiveled upwards and even inwards, so that the disabled person can reach under the base plate, just as would be possible without swivel plates. There is therefore a great danger that the disabled, who can only control his body movement to a limited extent, will be trapped with arms and legs. If both hands or arms are trapped, he cannot even operate the start-up valve. So he cannot free himself from this situation.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Liegeplatte so auszubilden, daß die Schwenkplatten bei in der Badewanne abgesenkter Liegeplatte auch bei steilen Wannenwänden zwangsweise an diese gedrückt gehalten werden und in der angehobenen Stellung der Liegeplatte ebenso zwangsweise in die Ebene der Grundplatte gelangen.The object of the invention is to design the bed plate so that the swivel plates are forcibly held against the bed plate lowered in the bathtub even with steep tub walls and in the raised position of the bed plate also forcibly reach the plane of the base plate.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß alle Schwenkplatten mittels Federanordnungen in Richtung ihrer Ein- und Ausstiegsstellung vorgespannt sind und die Liegeplatte für Badewanneneinsätze geeignet ist, die eine Stützplatte über dem Hubgestell mit Hebevorrichtung aufweisen.This object is achieved in that all swivel plates are biased by spring assemblies in the direction of their entry and exit positions and the bed plate is suitable for use in bath tubs that have a support plate above the lifting frame with lifting device.

Herabschwenkbare Seitenrahmen an Liegeplatten mit Federn sind aus der DE-A-25 52 557 bekannt, allerdings dienen hier die Federn dazu, eine Verriegelung für die Schwenkrahmen in Sperrstellung zu halten. Die Verriegelungen müssen erst gegen die Federkraft von Hand gelöst werden, wonach der Schwenkrahmen unter die Grundplatte herabschwenken kann. Für einen Badewanneneinsatz ist diese Liegeplatte nicht geeignet.Swing-down side frames on bed plates with springs are known from DE-A-25 52 557, but here the springs serve to hold a lock for the swivel frame in the locked position. The locks must first be released by hand against the spring force, after which the swivel frame can swing down under the base plate. This bed plate is not suitable for use in a bathtub.

Dank der unterschiedlich langen Stirnplatten wird die Wannenlänge optimal genutzt und gleichzeitig eine volle Abdeckung der Wanne in der angehobenen Stellung der Liegeplatte erreicht. Die Federanordnungen sorgen erfindungsgemäss dafür, dass alle Schwenkplatten in jeder Höhenlage der Liegeplatte in enge Anlage an den Wannenwänden gedrückt werden. In der oberen Funktionsstellung bildet die Grundplatte mit den vier Seiten- und Stirnplatten eine begehbare Plattform, die auf dem Wannenrand aufliegt und die Wanne somit vollständig abdeckt.Thanks to the different length of the end plates, the length of the bath is optimally used and at the same time the bath is fully covered when the bed plate is in the raised position. According to the invention, the spring arrangements ensure that all swivel plates are pressed tightly against the tub walls at any height of the bed plate. In the upper functional position, the base plate with the four side and end plates forms a walk-on platform that rests on the tub rim and thus completely covers the tub.

Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung bestehen darin, dass die Oberflächen der Grundplatte und aller vier Schwenkplatten von einer einstückigen biegsamen Auflagematte abgedeckt sind, die im Zwickelbereich eine gekrümmte Aussenkontur hat und dass die Radialerstreckung der Zwickel kürzer als die Breite der angrenzenden Schwenkplatten ist, dass die Ecken der Grundplatte und diejenigen beider Ecken jeder Schwenkplatte, die an die Grundplatte angrenzet, abgerundet oder abgeschrägt sind, dass die Länge der Seitenplatten kürzer als die Länge der Grundplatte und die Länge der Stirnplatten kürzer als die Breite der Grundplatte sind, dass die Auflagematte über die Schmalseiten der Schwenkplatten beidseitig übersteht und dass sich die in der Radialerstrekkung kürzeren Zwickel an diese Überstandabschnitte anschliessen, dass mindestens die Grundplatte mit einer Vielzahl von Durchbrüchen versehen ist, dass die Grundplatte an der Stützplatte des Hubgestelles leicht lösbar befestigt ist, wobei die Grundplatte vorzugsweise mittels Zapfen auf der Stützplatte aufgesteckt ist, dass die Auflagematte über die Aussenränder der Schwenkplatten um 180° herumgelegt und an den Unterseiten der Schwenkplatten lösbar befestigt sind und dass die Schwenklagerungen der Schwenkplatten aus plattenoberseitig angebrachten Scharnierbändern oder - bandabschnitten bestehen, bei denen mindestens ein Teil ausgespart und in der Aussparung eine Schenkelfeder eingesetzt ist.Embodiments of the invention consist in that the surfaces of the base plate and all four swivel plates are covered by a one-piece, flexible support mat which has a curved outer contour in the gusset area and that the radial extension of the gusset is shorter than the width of the adjacent swivel plates that the corners of the base plate and those of both corners of each swivel plate that are adjacent to the base plate are rounded or beveled, that the length of the side plates is shorter than the length of the base plate and the length of the end plates is shorter than the width of the base plate, that the support mat over the narrow sides of the swivel plates protrudes on both sides and that the shorter gusset in the radial extension adjoin these protruding sections, that at least the base plate is provided with a large number of openings, that the base plate is attached to the support plate of the lifting frame in an easily detachable manner i The base plate is preferably attached to the support plate by means of pins, that the support mat is laid over the outer edges of the swivel plates by 180 ° and releasably attached to the undersides of the swivel plates, and that the swivel bearings of the swivel plates consist of hinge bands or band sections attached to the top of the plate, in which at least a part is recessed and a leg spring is inserted in the recess.

Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles sei die Erfindung näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.

Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Badewanneneinsatzes, für den die neue Liegeplatte bestimmt ist,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Liegeplatte,
  • Fig. 3 eine Längsschnittansicht durch eine Badewanne mit in abgesenkter Stellung befindlicher Liegeplatte,
  • Fig. 4 eine Querschnittansicht durch die Badewanne mit in abgesenkter Stellung befindlicher Liegeplatte,
  • Fig. 5 eine Querschnittansicht ähnlich Fig. 4, jedoch mit in angehobener Stellung befindlicher Liegeplatte, und
  • Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht auf ein zwischen Grundplatte und Schwenkplatte befestigtes Scharnier mit eingebauter Feder.
It shows
  • 1 is a schematic side view of a bathtub insert, for which the new bed plate is intended,
  • 2 is a plan view of the bed plate,
  • 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through a bathtub with a lying plate in the lowered position,
  • 4 is a cross-sectional view through the bathtub with the lying plate in the lowered position,
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 4, but with the bed plate in the raised position, and
  • Fig. 6 is a plan view of a hinge fastened between the base plate and pivot plate with a built-in spring.

Fig. 1 veranschaulicht den grundsätzlichen Aufbau eines Badewanneneinsatzes bestehend aus Bodenplatte 10, zwei Hubgestellen 12, 14, die durch Lenker 16 miteinander verbunden sind, einer Stützplatte 18, die von den Stützgestellen vertikal beweglich geführt ist, zwei Hebevorrichtungen 20, 22 in Form von Druckwasserbälgen und einem Handbetätigungsventil 66 unter der Stützplatte, welches drei Wasseranschlüsse aufweist. Der eine wird über einen Schlauch an die Hauswasserleitung angeschlossen, ein weiterer ist mit den beiden Bälgen 20, 22 verbunden und der dritte ist mit dem Wannenablauf verbunden. Der Benutzer kann also das Heben und Senken der Stützplatte ohne eigene Kraftanstrengung steuern.Fig. 1 illustrates the basic structure of a bathtub insert consisting of base plate 10, two lifting frames 12, 14, which are connected to one another by links 16, a support plate 18, which is vertically movably guided by the supporting frames, two lifting devices 20, 22 in the form of pressurized water bellows and a manual valve 66 under the support plate, which has three water connections. One is connected to the domestic water pipe via a hose, another is connected to the two bellows 20, 22 and the third is connected to the tub drain. The user can thus control the raising and lowering of the support plate without any effort.

Wie sich aus den Fig. 2 und 3 ergibt, ist auf der Stützplatte 18 mittels Zapfen 24 eine Liegeplatte 26 abnehmbar befestigt, die aus einer rechteckigen, jedoch an den Ecken abgerundeten Grundplatte 28, zwei Seitenschwenkplatten 30, 32 und zwei Stirnschwenkplatten 34, 36 besteht. Alle Schwenkplatten 30-36 sind mittels Scharnierbändern oder Scharnierbandabschnitten 38 plattenoberseitig mit der Grundplatte 28 verbunden, derart, dass die Platten zwar nach oben, nicht aber unter die Ebene der Grundplatte nach unten schwenken können. Benachbarte Randflächen von Grundplatte und Schwenkplatte stossen aneinander, wenn beide Platten in der gleichen Ebene liegen.2 and 3, a bed plate 26 is removably attached to the support plate 18 by means of pins 24, which consists of a rectangular base plate 28, but rounded at the corners, two side pivot plates 30, 32 and two end pivot plates 34, 36 . All swivel plates 30-36 are connected to the base plate 28 by means of hinge bands or hinge band sections 38 in such a way that the plates can pivot upwards but not below the plane of the base plate. Adjacent edge surfaces of the base plate and swivel plate abut one another if both plates are in the same plane.

Die Länge der Seitenschwenkplatten 30, 32 ist etwas geringer als die Länge der Grundplatte 28 und die Länge der Stirnschwenkplatten 34, 36 ist ebenfalls etwas geringer als die Breite der Grundplatte 28. Wesentlich ist weiter, dass die der Grundplatte zugewandten beiden Ecken jeder der Schwenkplatten abgerundet oder abgeschrägt sind. Für die Seitenschwenkplatten empfehlen sich Rundungen 40. Für die Stirnschwenkplatten sind Abschrägungen 42 dargestellt, die einen noch zu beschreibenden Zweck haben. Die Seitenschwenkplatte 30 ist schmaler als die gegenüberliegende Seitenschwenkplatte 32, weil letztere bei üblicherweise eingebauten Wannen als Vorderplatte dient, welche auf der ganzen Breite des Wannenrandes aufliegt und diesen ggf. überlappt. Der Behinderte benutzt diese Platte 32 und ggf. den anschliessenden Abschnitt der Grundplatte 28 als vorübergehenden Sitz, bevor er seinen Platz auf der Liegeplatte einnimmt. Für die Platte 30 genügt eine geringere Breite, weil diese lediglich den Wannenspalt abdecken muss. Die Stirnschwenkplatte 36 hat etwa eine Breite gleich der schmalen Seitenwandschwenkplatte 30. Sie überlappt den fussseitigen Wannenrand. Die gegenüberliegende Stirnschwenkplatte 34 ist wesentlich breiter als die gegenüberliegende Stirnschwenkplatte 36. Sie dient als Kopfplatte und schliesst die Wanne oben trotz der Neigung der kopfseitigen Sitrnenwand ab.The length of the side swivel plates 30, 32 is slightly less than the length of the base plate 28 and the length of the end swivel plates 34, 36 is also somewhat less than the width of the base plate 28. It is also important that the two corners of the swivel plates facing the base plate are rounded or beveled. Roundings 40 are recommended for the side swivel plates. Bevels 42 are shown for the end swivel plates, which have a purpose to be described. The side swivel plate 30 is narrower than the opposite side swivel plate 32, because the latter serves as a front plate in commonly installed tubs, which lies on the entire width of the tub rim and may overlap it. The disabled uses this plate 32 and possibly the adjoining section of the base plate 28 as a temporary seat before taking his place on the bed plate. A smaller width is sufficient for the plate 30 because it only has to cover the trough gap. The front swivel plate 36 has a width approximately equal to the narrow side wall swivel plate 30. It overlaps the tub rim on the foot side. The opposite end swivel plate 34 is much wider than the opposite end swivel plate 36. It serves as a head plate and closes off the top of the tub despite the inclination of the head-side wall.

Die gesamte Liegeplatte, bestehend aus Grundplatte 28 und den vier Schwenkplatten 30-36 ist von einer einstückigen Auflagematte 44 abgedeckt. Die Matte besteht vorzugsweise aus einem Schaumstoffzuschnitt, der eine gewisse Polsterwirkung hat und der eine Vielzahl von Durchbrüchen aufweist. In diesem Zusammenhang sei nebenbei erwähnt, dass auch die Grundplatte mit einer Anzahl Durchbrechungen 46 ausgestattet ist.The entire bed plate, consisting of base plate 28 and the four swivel plates 30-36, is covered by a one-piece support mat 44. The mat preferably consists of a foam blank which has a certain cushioning effect and which has a large number of openings. In this context, it should be mentioned that the base plate is also provided with a number of openings 46.

Die Auflagematte 44 ist länger und breiter als die Liegeplatte und ist über die Aussenränder der vier Schwenkplatten um 180° herumgelegt und an den Unterseiten der Schwenkplatten lösbar, vorzugsweise mitTextilhaftbändern befestigt. Ausserdem hatdie Auflagematte 44 an ihrer Unterseite Textilhaftbandabschnitte, die mit entsprechenden Haftbandabschnitten zusammenwirken, welche auf die Scharniere 38 aufgeklebt worden sind. Die Auflagematte wird dadurch gegen Verschieben gesichert und ist gegenüber den Scharnieren geschützt. Die Eckaussparungen zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Schwenkplatten werden durch Zwickel 48 der Auflagematte zum Teil überdeckt. Um das selbsttätige Falten dieser Zwickel 48 beim Absenken der Liegeplatte zu erleichtern, haben diese eine geringere Radialerstreckung 50, als sie der Breite der jeweils angrenzenden Schwenkplatte entspricht. Ausserdem ist vorgesehen, dass die Zwickel nicht bis unmittelbar an die Schmalkanten der Schwenkplatten heranreichen, sondern dass die Auflagematte 44 über die ganze Breite der Schmalseiten jeweils um das Mass 51 übersteht. Diese Ausbildung erleichtert das Faltenlegen der Zwickel 48.The support mat 44 is longer and wider than the bed plate and is laid over the outer edges of the four swivel plates by 180 ° and detachable on the undersides of the swivel plates, preferably fastened with textile adhesive tapes. In addition, the support mat 44 has on its underside textile adhesive tape sections which interact with corresponding adhesive tape sections which have been glued onto the hinges 38. The mat is secured against moving and is protected against the hinges. The corner recesses between two adjacent swivel plates are partially covered by gussets 48 of the support mat. In order to facilitate the automatic folding of these gussets 48 when the bed plate is lowered, they have a smaller radial extension 50 than they correspond to the width of the adjacent pivot plate. In addition, it is provided that the gusset does not reach directly to the narrow edges of the swivel plates, but that the support mat 44 protrudes by the dimension 51 over the entire width of the narrow sides. This configuration facilitates the folding of the gusset 48.

Wenn der Badewanneneinsatz sich in der untersten abgesenkten Stellung gemäss Fig. 4 befindet, sind die Schwenkplatten 30-36 nach oben geklappt und werden durch Federn, die die Schwenkplatten nach unten zu schwenken suchen, an die Wannenränder angedrückt. Obwohl verschiedene Ausführungen von Federn, beispielsweise Blattfedern für die abwärts gerichtete Vorspannung der Schwenkplatten verwendet werden können, hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, Schenkelfedern 52 in die Scharniere 38 einzubauen, und zwar derart, dass gemäss Fig. 6 von den wechselseitig ineinander greifenden Bügellaschen 54, 56 der beiden Scharnierbandteile eine oder mehrere im Abstand liegende Bügellaschen entfernt werden und durch eine Schenkelfeder 52 ersetzt werden, die von der Gelenkstange 58 des Scharnierbandes durchsetzt wird. Die Schenkelfeder wird in vorgespanntem Zustand so eingesetzt, dass sie die Schwenkplatte 34 in dieselbe geometrische Ebene der Grundplatte 28 drückt.4, the swivel plates 30-36 are folded up and are pressed against the tub edges by springs which try to swivel the swivel plates downwards. Although different designs of springs, for example leaf springs, can be used for the downward biasing of the swivel plates, it has proven particularly advantageous to have leg springs 52 in the coulter 6 to install kidney 38 in such a way that, according to FIG. 6, one or more spaced-apart strap tabs are removed from the mutually interlocking strap links 54, 56 of the two hinge strap parts and are replaced by a leg spring 52 which is penetrated by the articulated rod 58 of the hinge strap becomes. The leg spring is used in the pretensioned state in such a way that it presses the swivel plate 34 into the same geometric plane of the base plate 28.

Dank der gefederten Schwenkplatten kann sich auch nicht unabsichtlich ein Spalt zwischen deren Oberrändern und den Wannenwänden bilden. Auch an den Wannenrundungen zwischen Wannenstirnwand und Wannenseitenwänden wird ein nahezu vollständiger Abschluss dank der sich faltenden Zwickel 48 erreicht. Die Liegeplatte liegt somit im wesentlichen vollständig mit ihrer Aussenkontur an der Innenkontur der Wanne an.Thanks to the spring-loaded swivel plates, a gap cannot accidentally form between their upper edges and the tub walls. Thanks to the folding gusset 48, an almost complete finish is also achieved on the tub curves between the tub front wall and the tub side walls. The outer surface of the bed plate therefore lies essentially completely against the inner contour of the tub.

Wird nun die Liegeplatte gehoben, so schwenken die Schwenkplatten 30- 36 entsprechend nach aussen und behalten Kontakt mit dem Wannenrand. Wird die oberste Ein- und Ausstiegsstellung erreicht, so sind alle Schwenkplatten in die Ebene der Grundplatte in Anlage an dieser geschwenkt und liegen auf den Wannenrändern auf. Die gesamte Wanne ist durch die Liegeplatte spaltenfrei abgedeckt.If the bed plate is now lifted, the swivel plates 30- 36 swivel outwards accordingly and keep contact with the tub edge. If the uppermost entry and exit position is reached, all swivel plates are pivoted into the plane of the base plate in contact with it and lie on the tub edges. The entire bath is covered by the bed plate without gaps.

In Fig. 3 ist an derfussseitigen Stirnschwenkplatte 36 an der Unterseite ein Abweisebügel 60 gezeigt, der ein Verklemmen dieser Schwenkplatte am oberen Wannenablauf verhindert.In Fig. 3, a deflection bracket 60 is shown on the bottom end swivel plate 36 on the underside, which prevents jamming of this swivel plate on the upper tub drain.

Wie eingangs schon angedeutet, dienen die Abrundungen 40 und Abschrägungen 42 an den grundplattenseitigen Ecken der Schwenkplatten 30-36 der leichteren Faltenlegung der Auflagematte 44 in den Zwickelbereichen.As already indicated at the beginning, the roundings 40 and bevels 42 on the base plate-side corners of the swivel plates 30-36 serve to make it easier to fold the support mat 44 in the gusset areas.

Claims (10)

1. A reclining platform for bathtub inserts which have a base element (16) and a lifting frame (12, 14) with lifting device (20, 22) arranged therea- bove, wherein the reclining platform (26) is formed as an elongate, substantially rectangular base plate (28) and has two hinged side plates (30, 32) tiltably mounted on the longitudinal edges of the base plate (28) and two hinged front plates (34, 36) tiltably mounted on the short edges of the base plate (28), all the hinged plates (30-36) are upright and can rest against the bathtub walls in a bathing position in which the reclining platform is lowered into the bathtub (Figs. 3 and 4), the corner areas between two adjacent hinged plates are at least partly closed by flexible or foldable wedges (48) of a one-piece, flexible cover mat (44) covering the base plate (28) and the hinged plates (30-36), one of the hinged front plates (34) is longer in the longitudinal direction of the base plate than the opposite hinged front plate (36) and all four hinged plates (30-36) each have a mounting and a dismounting position in which the hinged plates are located at least approximately in the plane of the base plate (28) and are supported thereon and in which the reclining platform is not lowered into the bathtub (Fig. 5), characterised in thatall the hinged plates (30-36) are prestressed in the direction of their mounting and dismounting positions by means of spring arrangements (52) and the reclining platform is suitable for bathtub inserts which have a bracket plate (18) above the lifting frame (12, 14) with lifting device (20, 22).
2. A reclining platform according to claim 1, characterised in that the radial extent (50) of the wedges (48) is shorter than the breadth of the adjacent hinged plates (30-36).
3. A reclining platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the corners of the base plate (28) and those two corners of each swinging plate (30-36) that abuts on the base plate (28) are rounded or beveled.
4. A reclining platform according to one of the claims 1 to 3. characterized in that the length of the side plates (30, 32) is less than the length of base plate (28) and the length of the front plates (34, 36) is less than the width of the base plate (28).
5. A reclining platform according to one of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the cover mat (44) overhangs both small edges of the swinging plates (30-36), and that the wedges (48), which are shorter in their radial extension, connect up with these overhanging sections.
6. A reclining platform according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least the base plate (28) has a number of perforations (46).
7. A reclining platform according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the base plate (28) is easily removably attached to the bracket plate (18) of the lift frame (12, 14).
8. A reclining platform according to claim 7, characterized in that the base plate (28) is sticked to the bracket plate (18) by means of plug pins (24).
9. A reclining platform according to one of the claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the cover mat (44) is turned by 180° over the outer edges of swinging plates (30-36) and is removably attached to the undersides of the swinging plates.
10. A reclining platform according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the hinged mountings of the swinging plates (30-36) consist of hinge frames (38) or hinge frame sections, which said frames or frame sections are attached to the top of the plates, in which at least one part is removed and a prong spring (52) is inserted in the recess.
EP82102874A 1981-03-31 1982-04-03 Board for lying in bath tubs Expired - Lifetime EP0090867B2 (en)

Priority Applications (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813112679 DE3112679A1 (en) 1981-03-31 1981-03-31 Bath tub insert
DE8282102874T DE3264856D1 (en) 1981-03-31 1982-04-03 Board for lying in bath tubs
AT82102874T ATE14375T1 (en) 1981-03-31 1982-04-03 LYING PLATE FOR BATHTUB INSERT.
EP82102874A EP0090867B2 (en) 1981-03-31 1982-04-03 Board for lying in bath tubs
DK298582A DK150404C (en) 1981-03-31 1982-07-02 BATH EFFORT
IE1620/82A IE52970B1 (en) 1981-03-31 1982-07-05 Reclining platform for bathtub inserts
ZA824894A ZA824894B (en) 1981-03-31 1982-07-09 A reclining platform for bathtub units
US06/398,055 US4407029A (en) 1981-03-31 1982-07-14 Reclining platform for bathtub units
GR68780A GR76219B (en) 1981-03-31 1982-07-15
CA000407381A CA1169602A (en) 1981-03-31 1982-07-15 Reclining platform for bathtub units
JP57122807A JPS58173546A (en) 1981-03-31 1982-07-15 Resting platform for bath tub
DD82241767A DD202108A5 (en) 1981-03-31 1982-07-19 BEDBOARD FOR BATHTUB INSERTS
AU86319/82A AU545809B2 (en) 1981-03-31 1982-07-22 Reclining platform for bathtub units
ES1983279890U ES279890Y (en) 1981-03-31 1983-03-30 RESTING PLATE ACCESSORY FOR BANNERS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813112679 DE3112679A1 (en) 1981-03-31 1981-03-31 Bath tub insert
EP82102874A EP0090867B2 (en) 1981-03-31 1982-04-03 Board for lying in bath tubs

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090867A1 EP0090867A1 (en) 1983-10-12
EP0090867B1 EP0090867B1 (en) 1985-07-24
EP0090867B2 true EP0090867B2 (en) 1993-04-21

Family

ID=25792283

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82102874A Expired - Lifetime EP0090867B2 (en) 1981-03-31 1982-04-03 Board for lying in bath tubs

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US4407029A (en)
EP (1) EP0090867B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS58173546A (en)
AT (1) ATE14375T1 (en)
AU (1) AU545809B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1169602A (en)
DD (1) DD202108A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3112679A1 (en)
DK (1) DK150404C (en)
ES (1) ES279890Y (en)
GR (1) GR76219B (en)
IE (1) IE52970B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA824894B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3134513A1 (en) * 1981-09-01 1983-03-17 Peter 7989 Argenbühl Schmidt "BATHTUB INSERT"
DE3324294A1 (en) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-24 Peter 7989 Argenbühl Schmidt BATHTUB INSERT FOR THE DISABLED
DE3337536A1 (en) * 1983-10-14 1985-05-02 Wolfgang 7970 Leutkirch Dentler LIFTING DEVICE FOR A BATHTUB INSERT
IL75860A (en) * 1985-07-21 1987-12-20 Lipski Mordechai Bathtub seat
DE3908231A1 (en) * 1989-03-14 1990-09-20 Wolfgang Dentler Bathtub insert with lifting device
US5054136A (en) * 1989-10-20 1991-10-08 Jitsuo Inagaki Bed with a bath-tub
JPH048363A (en) * 1990-04-25 1992-01-13 Kioritz Corp Bed
GB9024882D0 (en) * 1990-11-15 1991-01-02 Helping Hand Company Ledbury T Bath lift
US5829070A (en) * 1996-08-08 1998-11-03 Taylor; Marian Bathtub seat apparatus
DE19731832C2 (en) * 1997-07-24 2001-05-10 Walter Gobbers Device for insertion in a bathtub or the like as an aid for getting in and out
DE20122869U1 (en) * 2001-02-17 2008-12-24 Aquatec Operations Gmbh Badewannenlifter
GB0107999D0 (en) * 2001-03-30 2001-05-23 Mangar Int Ltd Lifting and lowering apparatus
US8646120B2 (en) 2011-03-04 2014-02-11 In Reserve LLC Bathing device, systems and methods
US20120311778A1 (en) * 2011-06-13 2012-12-13 Sadie Dixon Combination bed and bathtub
US20140259392A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Chih-Cheng Chen Personal assistance system
US11202524B1 (en) * 2019-01-10 2021-12-21 Antoinette Vera Moore Stowable and deployable rug
CN111387854B (en) * 2020-03-31 2021-12-28 东莞市固豪塑胶五金制品有限公司 Environment-friendly foot soaking basin capable of being lifted and conveniently utilizing foot washing residual water

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GB386404A (en) * 1931-12-04 1933-01-19 Charles Benn And Sons Ltd Improvements in or relating to baths
US2604638A (en) * 1947-03-05 1952-07-29 Lewis P Furry Mobile bathing and lift apparatus
US2725578A (en) * 1952-03-28 1955-12-06 Keller-Erne Lina Transporting devices for invalids for use in bathtubs and like receptacles
GB705811A (en) * 1952-07-22 1954-03-17 John Thomas Darvill Improvements in and relating to baths constructed for the use of invalids and the infirm
US2772721A (en) * 1954-11-09 1956-12-04 Saunders Harry Baird Seat unit for bathtubs
US3058122A (en) * 1960-06-16 1962-10-16 Union Carbide Corp Thermoplastic film lavatory
US3106723A (en) * 1963-01-04 1963-10-15 Theodore R Carpenter Power elevatable bath tub seat
US3892000A (en) * 1972-05-18 1975-07-01 Peter Morse Soft liner for bathtubs
AT343275B (en) * 1975-11-21 1978-05-26 Johansson Hans Arne Valentin HEALTH TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT WITH A PLATE
GB2014446B (en) * 1977-12-22 1983-01-19 Garman D E T Bathing supports

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4407029A (en) 1983-10-04
JPS58173546A (en) 1983-10-12
DD202108A5 (en) 1983-08-31
ZA824894B (en) 1984-02-29
DK150404B (en) 1987-02-23
DK150404C (en) 1988-01-25
DE3264856D1 (en) 1985-08-29
CA1169602A (en) 1984-06-26
AU8631982A (en) 1983-10-06
AU545809B2 (en) 1985-08-01
ATE14375T1 (en) 1985-08-15
EP0090867A1 (en) 1983-10-12
ES279890U (en) 1984-11-16
DK298582A (en) 1983-10-04
JPH0212576B2 (en) 1990-03-22
EP0090867B1 (en) 1985-07-24
DE3112679C2 (en) 1988-05-05
GR76219B (en) 1984-08-04
IE52970B1 (en) 1988-04-27
ES279890Y (en) 1985-06-01
IE821620L (en) 1983-10-03
DE3112679A1 (en) 1982-10-14

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