EP0090473B1 - Bâtiment, panneaux de paroi et profils pour les mêmes - Google Patents

Bâtiment, panneaux de paroi et profils pour les mêmes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090473B1
EP0090473B1 EP83200437A EP83200437A EP0090473B1 EP 0090473 B1 EP0090473 B1 EP 0090473B1 EP 83200437 A EP83200437 A EP 83200437A EP 83200437 A EP83200437 A EP 83200437A EP 0090473 B1 EP0090473 B1 EP 0090473B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
building
sections
plates
walls
vertical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83200437A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0090473A1 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Richard Hollander
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Staalframe BV
Original Assignee
Staalframe BV
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Staalframe BV filed Critical Staalframe BV
Priority to AT83200437T priority Critical patent/ATE20933T1/de
Publication of EP0090473A1 publication Critical patent/EP0090473A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0090473B1 publication Critical patent/EP0090473B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/08—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a building according to the introductory part of claim 1.
  • Such a building is known from US-A-2 073 781 and is constructed in accordance with the wood skeleton building method.
  • the wood skeleton building method all supporting and non- supporting elements above the foundation, that is to say, the walls, the floors and the roof are made from wood with the exception of any coating and insulating materials.
  • the skeleton of the walls comprises horizontal and vertical members of standardized dimensions, which are joined by simple nail joints.
  • the resistance to deformation of the building is obtained by the plates arranged on the frameworks and, of course, by the bond of the walls with one another.
  • a conventional mode of construction consists in that the storey floor is disposed on the erected walls of the first floor, then the storey walls are disposed on the storey floor and on these storey walls are again arranged the storey floors for the higher storey or the rafters.
  • the wood skeleton building method has several important advantages.
  • One particularly important advantage is that this method usually does not impose any limitation on the designer and that any desired construction can be carried into effect by this method.
  • the building height is usually limited to three or four storeys.
  • a building constructed by the wood skeleton building method is relatively cheap and a high insulating value can be obtained in a simple manner.
  • a further advantage is that such a building has materially lower weight than a building of bricks or concrete. Owing to these advantages buildings are frequently erected in accordance with the wood skeleton building method in the U.S.A. and in Canada. In other countries too this method is progressing, since the highly increased building costs result in a growing interest in building methods by which high-grade buildings can be made, but which involve reasonable costs.
  • the advantages of the wood skeleton building method can be obtained by using cold-rolled steel sheet profiles, instead of wooden beams for the walls. Further by composing the walls of separate sections, building can be done more economically, as these sections can be made in a standard range.
  • standardization in this known building method is only possible in a limited way, so that still a great number of separate units and a complicated construction results.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a building of the kind set forth above constructed by a system which combines the most important advantages of the wood building method with the industrial possibilities of the usage of cold-rolled steel sheet profiles.
  • the members are provided at equal intervals with perforations for passing conduits and fastening means. Because of the flat edge faces, conduits can be easily passed through these perforations.
  • the sections are delivered on the building site provided with outer plates or as the case may be, with a temporary strut so that after the erection of the walls and the floors of the building the conduits can be arranged in place in a very simple manner. Subsequently the inner plates are mounted.
  • the horizontal peripheral members have a U-section profile and the vertical peripheral members have an open-box profile, the width of the open-box profile corresponding to the inner distance between the limbs of the U-profile.
  • the vertical peripheral members can be fitted by their ends in the horizontal peripheral members and in this structure the vertical members may be very thin whilst maintaining sufficient rigidity.
  • the horizontal and vertical members may be advantageously interconnected by a known cold- riveting method which is a very fast method requiring little effort.
  • the vertical peripheral members are provided for this purpose in their side faces with depressions around the perforations for the passage of rivets passed through corresponding perforations in the horizontal peripheral members.
  • the material of the horizontal peripheral members is slightly drawn inwardly into the depression of the vertical peripheral member concerned.
  • the head of the rivet can be drawn inside the plane of the framework so that the plates can be smoothly mounted on the framework.
  • the span elements are made from cold-rolled steel plate profiles. As stated above, they are relatively rigid in reasonable sizes so that the distance between two neighbouring span elements may be large. Since the span elements are disposed above the vertical peripheral members of the sections, these sections may consequently have a large module size.
  • the floor comprises girders being formed by two identical, substantially U-shaped profiles mounted web to web, the webs comprising each a profile part re-entrant in the direction towards the associated limbs.
  • the re-entrant profile parts thus constitute a long cavity in the mounted state of the two identical profiles matching high rigidity with very low weight.
  • the building according to the invention may be provided with any desired outer coating, for example bricks, natural stone, plaster and so on.
  • the outer coating is formed by asbestos-cement boards or a similar material.
  • the plates on the inner side of the building are preferably gypsum boards.
  • a suitable thickness for the sections is, for example, 10 cms.
  • the building 1 comprises walls, for example, a ground floor wall 2, a storey wall 3, a loft wall 4 and front walls 5 and 6 at the first floor and the ground floor respectively.
  • These walls 2 to 6 are formed by vertical members 8 and horizontal members 9.
  • each wall is constructed from separate sections 7 having a circumferential framework 12 of cold-rolled steel plate profiles so that adjacent sections 7 are mounted to one another by the vertical peripheral members 8.
  • the sections are provided on at least one side with plates, for example, an inner plate 10 and/or an outer plate 11.
  • the ground floor walls such as 2 and 6 are erected on a foundation 15 consisting of foundation beams 16, which may be arranged on piles, and a system floor 17 of known type arranged between the foundation beams.
  • the storey floor comprises girders 19, between which joists 20 are arranged.
  • the girders 19 are disposed on the sections 7 of the walls above the vertical peripheral members thereof. Consequently not any vertical effort is exerted on the upper horizontal peripheral member of each section.
  • On the floor beams 19, 20 is then arranged a floor slab 21.
  • the floor slabs 21 are preferably made from multi-plywood; they also contribute to the deformation-resistance of the construction.
  • the wall sections 7 for the first-floor walls such as 3 and 5 are erected on the storey floor that is to say on the slabs 21.
  • a loft floor 22 is placed on these first-floor walls in the same manner as the first floor 18.
  • the loft floor 22 is also provided with floor slabs 23.
  • a flat roof 24 which also consists of girders and joists, said roof having a structure corresponding with that of the storey floor 18 and the loft floor 22 and thus also being provided with slabs 26.
  • the roof plates 25 for the inclined roof faces are arranged in a manner to be described more fully hereinafter.
  • a window 30 in a section without the need for further precautions such as lintels and the like by connecting a window profile 31 with the vertical intermediate members and by providing the inner and outer plates with a recess.
  • a window frame can be mounted as is shown in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 2 shows that in accordance with the invention perforations 32 are provided at equal intervals in the members of the sections 7.
  • the girders 19 also have perforations 32 at equal intervals. These perforations can be effectively made prior to cold-rolling of the profiles.
  • the perforations 32 serve to pass conduits through the walls and the floor construction.
  • a socket 34 is arranged in the perforation 32.
  • Other conduits such as the conduit 35 may be directly passed through the perforations concerned.
  • Fig. 2 furthermore shows that the horizontal members of each section 7 are formed by C-section profiles and the vertical members 8 by open-box profiles.
  • the width of the open-box profile 8 corresponds to the distance between the limbs of the horizontal members 9 so that the vertical members can fit in the horizontal members.
  • the members 8 of two adjacent sections 7 are interconnected, for example, by a cold rivet joint.
  • the girder 19 shown disposed on the vertical peripheral members 8 is formed by two identical, substantially U-shaped profiles mounted web-to-web. The webs each have a profiled part re-entrant in the direction of the associated limbs so that in the composed state a hollow cylinder 28 is formed.
  • the girder thus constructed has a very high rigidity and an indifferent behaviour to buckling.
  • the webs of the profiles 27 may again be interconnected by a cold rivet joint.
  • a number of profile parts 36 on which the joists 20 are mounted are arranged on the 'side face of the girder 19 .
  • the joists preferably have an open-box profile.
  • the profile parts 36 are fastened with the aid of rivets 37 to the girder 19.
  • the holes for the rivets as well as the perforations 32 for passing ducts are provided in an operation preceding the profile formation of the material.
  • the horizontally extending upper limb of the profile part 36 has a bore through which extends a bolt 39 which is engaged in the screwthread of a clamping piece 38.
  • the clamping piece 38 When mounting the joist 20 the clamping piece 38 is turned for about one quarter stroke with respect to the position shown in Fig. 3 and the bolt 39 is tightened so that the inwardly folded limbs of the profile of the joist 20 are clamped tight between the clamping piece 38 and the upper limb of the profile part 36. Since the holes for the rivet 37 are previously accurately positioned in the girder 19, the upper face of the joist 20 will lie on the same level as the upper face of the girder 19 without the need for further means. At its front end the joist 20 has a recess 40 so that it can engage the girder 19 in the manner shown in Fig. 2. The ceiling plates 45 are suspended in known manner by means of hangers 46 to the joists 20.
  • the inner plates 10, 45 are preferably gypsum plates, which are also satisfactorily resistant to fire.
  • double plates may be arranged on the inner side rather than the plates on the cavity side. In this way the resistance to collapsing of the walls is appreciably raised.
  • Fig. 4 shows that between two opposite storey floors, in the cavity between two separating walls an insulation 49 is arranged. This insulation serves to prevent fire from passing to the adjacent house through said interspace. Above at the wall, where the roof plate 25 is lying on the section concerned there is also provided the insulation 50. Otherwise it is apparent that the storey wall 3 is disposed on the floor slab 21 of the storey floor.
  • a window frame 54 is mounted on the boundary of the profile 31.
  • the window frame 54 is milled from a material in such a manner that a ridge 60 is formed, which covers the outer plate 11.
  • a finishing fillet 55 is provided on the inner side.
  • insulation tape of synthetic foam may be arranged between the outer plates 11 and the framework 12 of the section concerned.
  • This tape 52 not only reduces transfer of heat but also limits sound transmission.
  • the tape is applied to the members at least near the areas where the plates are fastened. This is shown in detail in Fig. 10.
  • a plate 53 is arranged for bridging the interspace caused by the storey floor.
  • Fig. 6 shows the construction in the area of the ridge of the roof.
  • a girder 19 On the normal section 7 and the triangular section 64 of the loft wall 4 is disposed in known manner a girder 19.
  • a plate 26 To the girder 19 and the joist 20 connected with the former is fastened a plate 26.
  • a triangular profile 61 is fastened around the plate 26.
  • a filling piece 62 On the upright side of the triangular profile 61 is arranged a filling piece 62.
  • the roof plate 25, which is formed in this embodiment by two relatively spaced aluminium plates with polyurethane foam sandwiched between, is fastened to the triangular profile 61.
  • the building shown in the Figures represents only one potential design.
  • the construction embodying the invention has the advantage that the freedom of design is hardly limited. Owing to the systematics of the structure a highly economic building method is obtained.
  • the sections and the inner and outer walls have each a length lying in a range including a full module size, half a module size and a full and half a module size minus once or twice the thickness of the section.
  • Sections having lengths in this range are shown in Fig. 8.
  • the section 71 shown has a length equal to half a module size 76.
  • the section 70 has a length equal to a full module size, that is to say, twice half the module size 76. With regard to commercially available sizes of sheet materials an appropriate module size is 2.50 ms.
  • the section 70 has four interspaces between vertical members 8 so that the interspace between two neighbouring members is each time 60 cms in this module size.
  • the section 73 has a length equal to half the module size 76 minus once the thickness of a section. This size is designated by 77.
  • the section 72 has a length equal to a full module size minus the wall thickness.
  • section 75 has a length 78 equal to half the module size minus twice the wall thickness and the section 74 has a length equal to the full module size minus twice the wall thickness.
  • FIG. 7 shows a sectional plan view of the ground floor of the building 1, in which the various sections are designated by the reference numerals of Fig. 8. It should be noted that the door openings are each arranged inside a section so that the sections extend on both sides of the door openings.
  • the sections in order to have the required resistance to deformation, have to be provided during transport with at least one stiffening element, for example, a plate or a strut. It is particularly interesting to provide the sections to be used in the outer walls previously with the outer plates so that the building is closed within a very short time. In those cases in which it is more effete to mount the plates afterwards, which may apply in particular to the inner walls, the sections can be transported and erected whilst being provided with a temporary strut. In Fig. 8 these temporary struts are indicated by broken lines 80.
  • Fig. 10 shows further details of the manner in which frameworks 12 of the sections are mounted.
  • the vertical profiles 8 are preferably formed by open-box profiles and the horizontal members 9 preferably by U-profiles.
  • the vertical members 8 have around the holes 85 depressions 86.
  • a horizontal member 9 is connected with a vertical member 8 by means of a rivet 87, the material of the horizontal member 9 is drawn inwardly into the depression 86 during the riveting operation, preferably a cold riveting operation so that a depression is also formed in the material of the member 9.
  • the head of the bolt 87 will lie within the side face of the framework.
  • the strut 80 is preferably fastened temporarily with the aid of a plate screw 89. When the framework is set up the strut 80 can be rapidly removed by loosening the screws 89.
  • the insulation tape 52 Prior to mounting the plates 11 the insulation tape 52 is applied in the manner described above.
  • the plates 11 are preferably fastened also with the aid of plate screws 90. These plate screws may effectively be of the self-fixing type.
  • Fig. 10 the wall thicknesses of the profiles are represented on an exaggerated scale. It has been found that for a building 1 as shown in Fig. 1 a thickness of the material of the profiles 8 and 9 of about 1.5 mm is sufficient.
  • the building shown in Figs. 11 and 12 (92) also comprises walls composed of the sections 7 described in the foregoing.
  • the rafters 93 are formed by open-box profiles 94 and 95.
  • the head plate 96 is fastened by means of rivets 97.
  • the members 91 are inserted into the open side of the profiles and fixed in place by rivets.
  • girders 98 are aranged across the rafters 93.
  • These girders 98 are preferably fastened to the rafters 93 in the manner corresponding to the fastening mode of the joists 20 to the girders 19.
  • the girders 98 also have an open-box profile and clamped to the rafters by means of a clamping plate 99 in which a screwthreaded bolt 100 is engaged.
  • a roofing plate On the girders 98 is arranged a roofing plate in known manner.
  • a building 92 of the kind shown in Figs. 11 and 12 may very effectively serve as a temporary dwelling or as a barn, a shed or the like.

Claims (14)

1. Construction (1) comprenant des murs (2-7) composés de sections (7) séparées ayant une ossature périphérique (12) formée d'organes horizontaux (9) et verticaux (8) en profilés de feuilles d'acier laminées, munis sur au moins un côté de plaques (10, 11) assurant la résistance aux déformations, les sections voisines étant montées l'une à l'autre par leurs organes périphériques verticaux, et des éléments traversants (19) tels que des poutres de plancher ou des chevrons disposés sur lesdits murs, reposant sur les organes périphériques horizontaux (9) des sections (7) directement au-dessus des organes périphériques verticaux (8) de celles-ci caractérisée en ce que les charges verticales sont transmises directement par l'intermédiaire des éléments traversants (19) aux organes verticaux (8) sans être absorbées par les organes horizontaux (9).
2. Construction selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les sections (7) ont des faces latérales périphériques plates, perpendiculaires aux côtés et en ce que les sections (7) dans les murs intérieurs et extérieurs ont chacune une longueur comprise dans une gamme comprenant une taille de module entier, une demitaille de module et une taille de module et demie, moins respectivement une fois ou deux fois l'épaisseur de la section (Fig. 8).
3. Construction suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les organes verticaux (8) sont munis de perforations (32, 85) à des intervalles égaux pour passer des conduites (33, 35) et des moyens de fixation (37, 87).
4. Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les organes périphériques horizontaux (9) comprennent un profilé en forme de U et les organes périphériques verticaux (8) comprennent un profilé en forme de caisson ouvert, la largeur du profilé en forme de caisson ouvert correspondant à la distance intérieure entre les branches du profilé en forme de U.
5. Construction suivant la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les organes périphériques verticaux (8) ont, dans face latérale, des parties en creux (86) autour des perforations (85) pour passer des rivets (87) transversants, à travers des perforations en coïncidence prévues dans les organes périphériques horizontaux (9).
6. Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les éléments traversants sont réalisés à partir de profilés en plaque d'acier laminée.
7. Construction suivant la revendication 6, caractérisée eb ce que les poutres de plancher comprennent des solives (19) disposées sur les murs et des soliveaux (20) disposés entre les solives voisines et en ce que les solives sont formées par deux profilés identiques ayant à peu prés une forme de U, montés âme contre âme, les âmes ayant chacune un profil en partie en creux dans la direction des branches associées.
8. Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les plaques (10) des murs intérieurs sont formées de plaques de platre.
9. Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les plaques (11) de murs extérieurs sont formées par des plaques en amiante-ciment ou en un matériau analogue.
10. Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des plaques (22, 23) formées de planches de contreplaqué multi-pli; sont disposées sur les poutres de plancher.
11. Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque ossature est principalement garnie avec de la laine de roches (13).
12. Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les murs de séparation de deux maisons ayant une cavité (51) entre elles, comprennent des sections munies de plaques exclusivement sur le côté de la maison.
13. Construction suivant la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que les plaques des sections de mur de séparation, sont des plaques doubles (Fig. 4).
14. Construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est mise sous la forme d'un kit de construction comportant des pièces séparées prêtes pour l'assemblage.
EP83200437A 1982-03-29 1983-03-28 Bâtiment, panneaux de paroi et profils pour les mêmes Expired EP0090473B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83200437T ATE20933T1 (de) 1982-03-29 1983-03-28 Gebaeude, wandelemente und profile fuer dieselben.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8201299A NL8201299A (nl) 1982-03-29 1982-03-29 Gebouw, wandsecties en profielen daarvoor.
NL8201299 1982-03-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090473A1 EP0090473A1 (fr) 1983-10-05
EP0090473B1 true EP0090473B1 (fr) 1986-07-23

Family

ID=19839498

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83200437A Expired EP0090473B1 (fr) 1982-03-29 1983-03-28 Bâtiment, panneaux de paroi et profils pour les mêmes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0090473B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE20933T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3364630D1 (fr)
NL (1) NL8201299A (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8329626D0 (en) * 1983-11-05 1983-12-07 Ash & Lacy Plc Wall/roof assemblies
FR2624158A1 (fr) * 1987-12-07 1989-06-09 Sercca Dispositif de facade legere de batiment
DE19606857C2 (de) * 1996-02-23 2001-07-05 Chiemgauer Holzhaus Siemer & Z Vorgefertigtes Wandelement für ein Gebäude
DE19620296C1 (de) * 1996-05-21 1997-11-27 Adolf Imhoff Verbundsystem für Bauzwecke mit selbsttragenden Tafelelementen
DE19854401A1 (de) * 1998-11-25 2000-06-15 Compaktbau Flohr Raumsysteme G Bauteilsatz zur Erstellung vorzugsweise mehrgeschossiger gebäudetechnisch vollausgestatteter Baukörper
DE10012483A1 (de) * 2000-03-15 2001-09-27 Christoph Bornebusch Gebäude aus fabrikmäßig vorgefertigten Bauelementen und Verfahren zur Errichtung desselben
CN117468610B (zh) * 2023-12-27 2024-03-22 中国建筑设计研究院有限公司 一种防屈曲箱板式围壁墙板结构及其设计方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2073781A (en) * 1932-07-06 1937-03-16 Salvator S Calafati Jr Building construction
US2356309A (en) * 1941-05-09 1944-08-22 Gustav W Garbe Construction unit
FR1528620A (fr) * 1966-09-09 1968-06-14 Panneaux porteurs préfabriqués et construction utilisant de tels panneaux
US4161089A (en) * 1977-12-14 1979-07-17 Omansky Martin B Modular building structure system
FR2486565A1 (fr) * 1980-07-09 1982-01-15 Lacoste Maurice Ossature industrialisee destinee a la construction et au contreventement de parois

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3364630D1 (en) 1986-08-28
NL8201299A (nl) 1983-10-17
ATE20933T1 (de) 1986-08-15
EP0090473A1 (fr) 1983-10-05

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