EP0090398A2 - Dispositif de commande et de surveillance centrale d'activités d'exploitation - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande et de surveillance centrale d'activités d'exploitation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0090398A2
EP0090398A2 EP83103069A EP83103069A EP0090398A2 EP 0090398 A2 EP0090398 A2 EP 0090398A2 EP 83103069 A EP83103069 A EP 83103069A EP 83103069 A EP83103069 A EP 83103069A EP 0090398 A2 EP0090398 A2 EP 0090398A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
elements
sensor
light
switching means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83103069A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0090398A3 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Ing. Grad. Zeller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0090398A2 publication Critical patent/EP0090398A2/fr
Publication of EP0090398A3 publication Critical patent/EP0090398A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/06—Indicating or recording the setting of track apparatus, e.g. of points, of signals
    • B61L25/08—Diagrammatic displays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/06—Indicating or recording the setting of track apparatus, e.g. of points, of signals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for central control and monitoring of operations using a control and message field, on which the system to be controlled and monitored is shown schematically with its individual elements and in the vicinity of certain individual elements of the control and message field control elements are arranged to specifically influence the relevant plant elements.
  • Such a device designed for the control of railway operations is known, for example, from Siemens magazine 1964, number 10, pages 734 to 744.
  • an external system to be monitored is schematically reproduced on a so-called track diagram table. This is done via a large number of so-called table fields arranged next to and on top of one another in a grid, which have symbols toward the observer for the respectively assigned contact element and, if necessary, setting keys for specifically influencing these elements.
  • the respective operating events of the outdoor area are identified by the colored illumination of the table field symbols.
  • a device that at least partially meets this requirement is given, for example, in DE-OS 20 43 730.
  • the control elements provided for the input of control commands are separated from the display, so that the clear assignment of the control elements to the switching means to be acted upon is not given.
  • a control and signaling device as specified in DE-OS 25 10 632.
  • a screen device is used for the input and output of commands and messages, with which on the one hand the outdoor system to be controlled and monitored can be displayed for monitoring purposes and on the other hand with which a so-called light pen can be used to control the outdoor system by optically marking individual system elements.
  • the disadvantage of this known device is the use of a separate writing instrument for the input of control commands, because this type of operation is different from the usual operating procedure by key operation and because the "accuracy" when controlling a coordinate field via a writing instrument is less than the "accuracy" ". with a button operation by hand.
  • the use of a separate writing instrument does not make a "two-button operation", as is often required, for example, in the railway industry, readily possible.
  • an operating and display device for computer-controlled railway signal systems known (DE-OS 29 40 551), in which input devices are provided for the input of control commands into the computer with the screens of data display devices, which are operated by an operator by touch or otherwise Evaluate selected image locations of the display and transfer them to data processing.
  • These input devices should consist of a number of infrared transmitters and receivers, which build a grid of parallel infrared light barriers above the screens. Each touch on a screen leads to the interruption of at least two light beams; the infrared receivers reacting to this indicate the respectively touched image location.
  • This known device has the disadvantage, among other things, that it also reacts to unintentional interruptions in the radiation grating, as are inevitable in practice.
  • a very significant disadvantage of the known device is, however, that no two-button operation is possible with it. Each two-button operation leads to the evaluation of up to four picture locations; the clear assignment between the operating action and the controlled system elements is no longer guaranteed.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide devices according to the preamble of claim 1, which on the one hand allow an optional assignment of an external system to be controlled to a central control and signaling field, but on the other hand control of the external system by acting on near the elements shown in each case arranged, these clearly assigned actuating switching means enable.
  • the control procedure should be the same as in the conventional devices for central control and monitoring of operations, that is, allow both one-button and two-button operation; the facilities are intended both for the control and monitoring of smaller systems on relatively small control and message fields as well as for the control and Uber monitoring of larger systems in large tax and reporting fields may be suitable; the technical outlay for forwarding control commands to a downstream processing device which processes these control commands and converts them into corresponding control commands should be essentially independent of the size of the representation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section of a control and reporting field SMF designed according to the invention, as is required, for example, for the interests of the railway system.
  • This control and signaling field consists of an at least partially translucent plate with a plurality of light-sensitive switching means PD arranged in a grid below or within the plate, which are designed, for example, as photodiodes. The function of these light-sensitive switching means will be discussed later.
  • the control and signaling field SMF On its upper side facing an observer, the control and signaling field SMF is provided with a large number of preferably transparent sensor elements SE which are also arranged in a grid.
  • the grid for the arrangement of the sensor elements and the light-sensitive switching means are congruent; An associated light-sensitive switching means PD is arranged below each sensor element SE.
  • the control and signaling field bears on its upper side facing the viewer a schematic representation of the external system to be controlled and monitored, in the present example the track system of a signal box.
  • the system to be controlled and monitored is not permanently plotted on the control and message field; it is rather variable and can be conveyed to the viewer, for example, by a projection device or a raster display.
  • a projection device for example, the control and Video projector that illuminates the alarm field and that displays at least the dynamic information that characterizes the operation of individual system elements.
  • the part of the representation relating to unchangeable elements of the external system can also be represented by the video projector; however, it can also be represented by an additional projector which taps this information from a slide, for example.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawing shows several of the sensor elements indicated in FIG. 1, which are continuously designated SE1 to SEn. These sensor elements are each assigned below them photosensitive switching means PD1 to PDn. The sensor elements are connected in series with the photosensitive switching means assigned to them and are routed together to a switch V which reacts to the actuation of the sensor.
  • the switching paths formed from sensor elements and light-sensitive switching means are fed from a pulse generator IG, to which the switching paths are connected with a high resistance via a resistor R.
  • the switch V which is advantageously designed as an amplifier, constantly receives the pulses from the generator IG and passes them on to a downstream timing and comparison device ZMV.
  • a sensor element for example the sensor element SE2
  • the light-sensitive switching means PD2 assigned to this sensor element is stimulated by the video projection device VIP which covers the underside of the control and message board in time-division multiplexing
  • the pulse source comprising the pulse generator and resistor is briefly so heavily loaded that the amplifier V acting as a switch receives an input voltage that is too low to switch potential at its output to the downstream timing and comparison device ZMV.
  • the time measuring and comparison device determines a time value and feeds it to a downstream data processing device COZY.
  • This time value indicates the time span between a synchronization signal SYN formed by the video projector or supplied to it, which characterizes, for example, the beginning of the image of the video projection, and the response of the switch. From this time period, the time measuring and comparison device or the data processing device connected downstream can determine where the Light beam from the video projector at the time of the switch reaction. This also means that the sensor element is known to it, which actuated the switch together with the light-sensitive switching means assigned to it.
  • the time measurement and comparison device can be part of the data processing device.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides for the sensor elements arranged side by side, which can be interrogated one after the other by the video projector, to be operated together with the photosensitive switching means assigned to them, in each case on separate switches, and to interleave the assignment areas, if necessary.
  • Such an assignment of the sensor elements to different switches enables a particularly simple and precise determination of the sensor elements actuated in each case.
  • the plate illuminated by the video projector with an afterglow layer which enables a largely flicker-free display.
  • the time measuring and comparison device for recognizing an actuated sensor provided that it is influenced by the afterglow layer, advantageously has to evaluate in each case the leading edge of the switch reacting to a sensor actuation.
  • a partially transparent mirror for example, must be provided under the control and message field, which on the one hand extends from the additional projector and on the other hand is illuminated by the video projector and on the output side brings about an image mixing on the underside of the control and message field.
  • the sensors For the system process to be controlled properly, it is necessary for the operating personnel to be shown the sensors to be actuated to trigger the specified reaction. This is expediently done by illuminating corresponding surface areas (SEa and SEx in FIG. 1) of the control and signaling field. This can be done via the video projector projecting the system onto the control and message field or in any other way, e.g. with an additional projector.
  • the sensor elements can be designed, for example, as capacitive switches or, as in the assumed exemplary embodiment, they can be designed in such a way that they react to a touch by hand with an evaluable change in resistance.
  • pressure sensitive sensors or any other sensors can also be used. It is advantageous to use sensors that allow the light to pass through from the back as freely as possible, i.e. are either relatively small in volume themselves or consist of a transparent or translucent material.
  • the switches must be adapted to the functional behavior of the sensor elements; voltage- or current-sensitive switches are also possible, but also those that react to changes in capacitance or inductance. If a control process is to be triggered not by a one-button operation but by a two-button operation, it is necessary to actuate the sensor elements in question at least temporarily at the same time, the sequence of the actuation also possibly being evaluated in the downstream data processing device.
  • the criterion of two-button operation and the permissibility of their joint operation can be determined in a manner known per se by test methods developed for this.
  • the evaluating time measuring and comparing device recognizes from the time intervals between the synchronization signal and the reaction of the switch or switches controlled via the respectively actuated sensors or from the time interval between the switch actuations which sensors were actuated in each case.
  • the video projector used for displaying the operating situation and possibly also the static system configuration serves to stimulate the light-sensitive switching means.
  • this is not absolutely necessary. Rather, it is entirely possible to provide a separate video projector or a similarly acting scanning device to stimulate the light-sensitive switching means.
  • This video projector could work completely independently of the projector intended for the representation of the system structure and the operational events; he could in particular with a scan independent of this work speed that is particularly suitable for evaluating the sensor actuation.
  • FIG. 1 An advantageous development of the device according to the invention is shown in FIG.
  • two video projectors VIP1 and VIP2 are provided for the lighting of the control and signaling field, which control separate switches V1 and V2 via the light-sensitive switching means and act on assigned time measuring and comparison devices ZMV1 and ZMV2; whose output signals are processed in two separate data processing devices COZY 1 and COZY 2.
  • the system to be controlled and monitored can be displayed on the control and message field at least with regard to the dynamic operation.
  • Both video projectors are switched on alternately by a switchover device UM, the switchover frequency being approximately between 0.5 and 5 Hz.
  • the switching process cannot be recognized as such by a viewer himself and the timing and comparison devices synchronized independently of one another by the two video projectors or the data processing devices connected downstream of them recognize this sensor element as actuated when a sensor element is actuated.
  • this can be recognized by the observer by a representation which changes in the rhythm of the switching frequency of the two video projectors; the disturbance is recognized as such and can be avoided by not recognizing the disturbed representation limit their impact.
  • a comparison device connected to the video projectors different representations of the two projectors can also be automatically recognized and converted into corresponding message indicators.
  • an additional projector can also be used to display static contact elements.
  • a video projector is used to stimulate or query the light-sensitive switching means, by means of which at least a part of the system to be displayed and / or the operation can also be displayed.
  • the invention proposes a device for inputting and being able to perform operations as defined by the characterizing features of patent claim 5. This device is based on the same knowledge as the device already explained, but uses a different technique in its implementation.
  • the device is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
  • a plurality of sensor elements SE1 to SEn are arranged distributed over a control and signaling field, the technical structure of which corresponds to the sensor elements of the device explained above.
  • Associated light-sensitive switching means PD1 to PDn are arranged below the individual sensor elements and are electrically connected in series with the associated sensor elements.
  • the individual photosensitive switching means are connected in parallel with one another via the associated sensor elements.
  • This parallel connection is fed via a resistor R from a pulse generator IG and acts on an assigned switch V3, which responds on the output side to voltage dips at its input terminals.
  • the switch V3 is followed by a time measuring and comparison device ZMV3, which acts in a known manner on an assigned data processing device COSY3.
  • Luminous elements D1 to Dn for example light-emitting diodes or gas discharge cells, arranged in the immediate vicinity of these switching means serve to stimulate or query the light-sensitive switching means PD1 to PDn.
  • These lighting elements can form units with the light-sensitive switching means; they then have the function of optocouplers.
  • the lighting elements are switched on by a lighting element control ST, to which they are connected via a switching matrix formed from row lines Z1 to Z3 and column lines S1 to Sn.
  • the lighting elements arranged in the individual coupling points are controlled by the lighting element control in time-division multiplex operation.
  • the individual lighting elements are switched on one after the other, illuminating the photosensitive switching means assigned to them.
  • a sensor element If a sensor element is actuated, it breaks when illuminating the associated light-sensitive switching means, the input voltage at the amplifier V3 together and the timing and comparison device ZMV3 recognizes from the point in time for the breakdown of the input voltage and the knowledge of the respectively switched on lighting element which sensor element has short-circuited the input voltage of the amplifier.
  • the assignment of the individual lighting elements to the individual coupling points of the switching matrix can be chosen arbitrarily. It is only important that the lighting element control or the associated data processing device is informed of where the individual lighting elements are arranged and what sequence they are switched on in order to be able to draw conclusions about the associated sensor element.
  • the operation to be controlled and monitored can in principle be displayed in any manner on the control and message field provided with the sensor elements, for example by a video projector or a raster display with the aid of plasma displays. LEDs, signal lamps or the like.
  • a video projector or a raster display with the aid of plasma displays LEDs, signal lamps or the like.
  • Such a design of the control and reporting field would offer the possibility of displaying different system configurations on the same control and reporting field as required.
  • Various lighting elements can be provided to represent the operating process and to determine actuated sensor elements, which can be switched on in a given sequence by a common lighting element controller.
  • the arrangement can be such that the lighting element control initially only the lighting elements are controlled, which are provided for the representation of a certain operating event and that the lighting elements are then controlled, via which operating actions can be entered into the control.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that at least two lighting element controls are provided, one of which serves to control the lighting elements provided for the representation of operational events and the other to control the lighting elements provided for the determination of actuated sensor elements.
  • a complete decoupling of the representation from the operation is possible, in particular also with regard to the speed with which the individual lighting elements are controlled.
  • the lighting element control provided for controlling the sensor elements actuated for the determination also causes the optical marking of the individual sensor areas. In the area of the sensor elements, this requires at least a translucent design of the control and signaling field.
  • the light emanating from the respective illuminated elements can be in the visible range of the optical spectrum; however, it is also possible to use luminous elements which, when switched on, emit light in the invisible region of the spectrum and to have them interact with light-sensitive switching means which are able to react to this radiation, i.e. to become low-resistance when exposed to radiation.
  • the use of such switching means would have the advantage that the stimulation of the lighting elements provided for operator recognition on the control and signaling field could not cause any light disturbing the observation.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides for one or more video projectors to be used for the representation of the operating situation and possibly also for the system configuration and for the determination of sensor actuations to include additional lighting elements in the control and message field which are stimulated by a separate lighting element control .
  • Such an embodiment of the invention leads to a complete decoupling of the sensor determination from the optical dar position and thus avoids interference between the two processes.
  • the devices according to the present invention have the great advantage that they can be used universally, that is, if necessary, one or the other system or a part thereof can be displayed and that with the representation of this system, complete operability is immediately provided is.
  • the only requirement is that the data processing device evaluating the sensor controls is aware of the position shown, the scale of representation and the order in which the individual light-dependent switching means can be stimulated, so that it is possible for them to clearly assign the individual sensor elements to the individual system elements.
  • the devices according to the invention can advantageously be used wherever it is a matter of not only monitoring different control and monitoring areas from a central control point, but also of intervening in a targeted manner from there in the monitoring area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
EP83103069A 1982-03-31 1983-03-28 Dispositif de commande et de surveillance centrale d'activités d'exploitation Withdrawn EP0090398A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3212020 1982-03-31
DE3212020 1982-03-31
DE19833301141 DE3301141A1 (de) 1982-03-31 1983-01-14 Einrichtung zum zentralen steuern und ueberwachen von betriebsgeschehen
DE3301141 1983-01-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0090398A2 true EP0090398A2 (fr) 1983-10-05
EP0090398A3 EP0090398A3 (fr) 1987-04-01

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EP83103069A Withdrawn EP0090398A3 (fr) 1982-03-31 1983-03-28 Dispositif de commande et de surveillance centrale d'activités d'exploitation

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EP (1) EP0090398A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3301141A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0278293A2 (fr) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système pour commander les conditions d'exploitation dans des salles de commande

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3442805A1 (de) * 1984-11-23 1986-06-05 Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim Ueberwachungseinrichtung fuer sicherheitstechnisch wichtige stellgeraete
DE3826383A1 (de) * 1988-08-03 1990-02-08 Roland Man Druckmasch System zur bereichsauswahl am bedienungspult einer druckmaschine, insbesondere einer offset-rotationsdruckmaschine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IBM TECHNICAL DISCLOSURE BULLETIN, Band 24, Nr. 6, November 1981, Seiten 2732-2733, New York, US; R.H. HARRIS: "Optical overlay input device for a cahtode ray tube" *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0278293A2 (fr) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système pour commander les conditions d'exploitation dans des salles de commande
EP0278293A3 (fr) * 1987-02-06 1990-04-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système pour commander les conditions d'exploitation dans des salles de commande

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0090398A3 (fr) 1987-04-01
DE3301141A1 (de) 1983-10-06

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