EP0085461B1 - Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Gefässwände für Lichtbogenöfen - Google Patents

Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Gefässwände für Lichtbogenöfen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0085461B1
EP0085461B1 EP83200125A EP83200125A EP0085461B1 EP 0085461 B1 EP0085461 B1 EP 0085461B1 EP 83200125 A EP83200125 A EP 83200125A EP 83200125 A EP83200125 A EP 83200125A EP 0085461 B1 EP0085461 B1 EP 0085461B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
cooling tubes
vessel
liquid
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83200125A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0085461A1 (de
Inventor
Karl Oldani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Publication of EP0085461A1 publication Critical patent/EP0085461A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0085461B1 publication Critical patent/EP0085461B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/24—Cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0018—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes
    • F27D2009/0021—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes with the parallel tube parts close to each other, e.g. a serpentine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric furnace, in particular an arc furnace, with a liquid cooling device for thermally highly stressed wall parts of the furnace vessel, with essentially vertically arranged liquid flow-through series-connected cooling tubes, a liquid distribution chamber with integrated bypass openings being provided in the upper part of the vessel, into which all Inlet and outlet openings of the cooling tube group open, which at least partially short-circuits the cooling channels.
  • this protective layer is additionally reinforced by slag splashes which are thrown against the walls by the influence of the electric arc and stick there.
  • the adhesion of the refractory material and the slag splashes is increased by cam-like projections which are attached to the walls of the cooling boxes.
  • the unprotected areas are subjected to a higher thermal load than the remaining protected cooler wall, and if, in steel mills and foundries, the melt is usually continuous in two or three shifts, hot spots can form without being noticed by the furnace operating team. In the worst cases, these spots, if they remain uncovered and the cooling conditions are insufficient, can overheat in such a way that they can lead to breakthroughs and the associated serious sequelae. Detection systems for cooling system monitoring are complex and expensive. In the event of an error message, the furnace would then have to be taken out of service in order to be able to repair the damaged areas.
  • cooling walls of the cooling boxes facing the inside of the oven although they are covered with a protective layer and have been stress-relieved prior to assembly, are constantly exposed to forces of contraction and contraction due to the strong temperature fluctuations. These forces have a particular effect on the corners and edges of the cooling surfaces and thermal stresses arise in the weld seams connecting the cooling surfaces, in which cracks can form under certain circumstances, which then lead to water breakthrough.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cooling system, in particular for arc furnaces, which is simple in construction and economical to manufacture, with which a long service life of the vessel walls can be achieved and the construction of which offers security for this, that damage can almost be excluded.
  • the cooling tubes are designed in two layers, the cooling tubes of the layer facing the interior of the furnace are bent in one piece and are U-shaped at the lower and upper ends, at which ends the cooling tubes connect to the outer layer and into the liquid distribution chamber open, wherein at least the cooling tubes, the layer facing the interior of the furnace, are embedded in a refractory building material and form its reinforcement.
  • the bypass openings integrated in the liquid distribution chamber allow the cooling liquid heated in the cooling pipes connected in series in groups to mix with cold cooling liquid, thereby avoiding overheating.
  • the distance between the mutually adjacent cooling tubes of the inner layer is approximately twice as large as their outer diameter.
  • the cooling pipes together with the refractory building material can be used as a prefabricated segment-like wall element in the furnace vessel. This results in a rational installation and removal of the segment-like wall elements, and the decommissioning of the ovens can be limited to a minimum in time.
  • each wall element has its own cooling circuit.
  • the advantage according to claim 4 can be seen in the fact that the cooling can be designed clearly and intensively for each wall element.
  • the bypass opening (s) in the distribution channel are dimensioned such that, taking into account the hydraulic resistance of the assigned cooling channels, a predeterminable amount of cooling liquid flows through the bypass opening (s) that is smaller than that which flows through the assigned cooling channels.
  • the bypass opening (s) in the distribution channel are dimensioned such that, taking into account the hydraulic resistance of the assigned cooling channels, a predeterminable amount of cooling liquid flows through the bypass opening (s) which is the same size or larger than that which flows through the assigned cooling channels.
  • the advantage according to claims 5 and 6 is that the flow rate, flow rate, etc. of the cooling liquid which is introduced into the cooling channels and the cooling channels themselves can be dimensioned such that when part of the cooling liquid evaporates in the cooling channels, the steam immediately is removed from the cooling system through the assigned bypass opening (s) of each assigned cooling channel pair in the cooling liquid distribution chamber, without there being any mutual, negative influence on the cooling effect between cooling liquid and steam.
  • a combined liquid-steam cooling is obtained, the heat required for evaporation being extracted from the components to be cooled and thus being used for cooling.
  • the flow rate of the cooling liquid in the cooling pipes is dimensioned in such a way that no vapor bubbles can get stuck in the upper pipe bends of the cooling pipes, but rather that they are carried away with the cooling liquid and transported into the distribution channel.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the front view of an exemplary embodiment of an arc furnace.
  • the arc furnace 1 with furnace cover 5 is mounted in an opening on the platform 6, which is supported on two roller cradles 7, which in turn are supported on the weighing beams 8, which are firmly anchored to the foundation 9.
  • the pouring spout 2 can also be seen in FIG. 1.
  • a movable rotary console 10 is arranged on the platform 6, to which the cover lifting and swiveling device 11 is fastened.
  • the cover lifting and swiveling device 11 consists of a support arm 13 and a support arm column 12.
  • the platform 6 also carries three electrode positioning columns 13, of which only one is visible in FIG. 1.
  • the electrode adjusting columns 14 are hydraulically connected to be movable individually in the vertical direction with electrode adjusting cylinders 15.
  • the electrode support arms 16 are fastened to the electrode adjusting columns 14 and the electrodes 18 are held in electrode holders 17 at their outer ends.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of the furnace according to FIG. 1, but with the furnace cover 5 removed.
  • the prefabricated wall elements 27 can be seen, which are arranged inside the furnace vessel casing 1.
  • six wall elements 27 are attached. However, their number is different and depends on the size of the furnace. It has proven to be advantageous if the number of wall elements 27 increases with increasing furnace size.
  • the inside of the furnace vessel 28 shows the bottom 28 of the furnace and the slag door 29 opposite the cast spout 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through the side view of the furnace according to FIG. 2.
  • the cooling system 30, 31; 32 recognizable, which consists of the cooling tube layer 30 facing the interior of the vessel, the outer cooling tube layer 31 and the coolant distribution channel 32.
  • the connection lines required for the cooling system 30, 31, 32 outside the furnace vessel jacket 1 are not shown in Figure 3 for reasons of a better overview.
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged partial vertical section through a cooling tube arrangement 30, 31, 32 together with a refractory building material 35 according to FIG. 3.
  • the reference number 36 denotes a fastening lug with which the wall element is fastened in the furnace vessel jacket 1, which is made from the Cooling system 30, 31, 32 and the refractory building material 35 there.
  • the reference number 40 in FIG. 5 denotes the cooling liquid inlet opening and the arrows according to reference number 39 indicate the direction of flow of the cooling liquid.
  • the cooling liquid first flows downward through the outer right cooling tube 30, which is assigned to the interior of the vessel, is deflected by the lower bend and finally flows upward through the cooling channel 31 ′ of the outer cooling tube 31 and enters through the coolant inlet opening 37 into the coolant distribution channel 32.
  • the coolant flow is divided into two partial flows according to the arrows with the reference number 39.
  • the flow rate of the cooling liquid is selected such that any vapor bubbles that form in the upper pipe bend are conveyed through the cooling liquid into the distribution chamber.
  • FIG. 5 shows only one exemplary embodiment of the inventive idea.
  • a further development of the inventive idea would be to arrange the distribution channel obliquely with respect to the horizontal, specifically in flow direction of the coolant with an opening angle. In this way, vapor bubbles could be removed from the distribution channel 32 more quickly.
  • the upper and lower pipe bends of the cooling pipes 30, 31 are necessary for the sake of a homogeneous heat load and cannot be dispensed with.
  • FIG. 6 shows a horizontal section through a cooling arrangement 30, 31, 32 together with the refractory building material 35 according to FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 6 shows the helical design or the horizontal lateral displacement of the cooling pipes 30, 31 with the cooling channels 30 ', 31.
  • the double layers of the cooling pipes 30, 31 can be seen clearly and also the decoupling of the cooling pipes 30, which are subject to high heat loads, from, for example, welded connections.
  • any edges and corners in the cooling tubes 30 and at the transitions to the cooling tubes 31 have been omitted in order to thermally relieve the cooling system 30, 31, 32.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
EP83200125A 1982-01-29 1983-01-26 Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Gefässwände für Lichtbogenöfen Expired EP0085461B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH55282 1982-01-29
CH552/82 1982-01-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0085461A1 EP0085461A1 (de) 1983-08-10
EP0085461B1 true EP0085461B1 (de) 1986-04-16

Family

ID=4189633

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83200125A Expired EP0085461B1 (de) 1982-01-29 1983-01-26 Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Gefässwände für Lichtbogenöfen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4435814A (ja)
EP (1) EP0085461B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS58203385A (ja)
BR (1) BR8300427A (ja)
DE (1) DE3362990D1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE452190B (sv) * 1984-02-06 1987-11-16 Asea Ab Skenk eller vermare (tundish) for induktiv vermning och/eller omroring av metalliska smeltor sasom stal
JPH0397190U (ja) * 1990-01-22 1991-10-04
IT1288891B1 (it) * 1996-04-30 1998-09-25 Danieli Off Mecc Sistema di raffreddamento della volta per forni elettrici ad arco
US5936995A (en) * 1997-11-14 1999-08-10 Fuchs Systems, Inc. Electric arc furnace with scrap diverting panel and associated methods
EP1469085A1 (de) * 2003-04-14 2004-10-20 Paul Wurth S.A. Ofenwand mit Kühlplatten für einen metallurgischen Ofen
CN101817556B (zh) * 2010-04-02 2012-12-12 湖南金旺铋业股份有限公司 生产纳米氧化铋粉体的气化炉
CN112284137B (zh) * 2020-10-21 2022-09-06 康硕(江西)智能制造有限公司 一种带有冷却系统的箱式高温实验炉

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB482143A (en) * 1935-10-16 1938-03-24 Thure Axel Ragnar Strand Improvements in walls for furnaces or other heating apparatus
GB496289A (en) * 1937-04-23 1938-11-23 Brassert & Co Improvements in and relating to refractory linings for shaft furnaces
BE646081A (ja) * 1963-04-03 1964-08-17
DE1508178A1 (de) * 1966-10-12 1969-09-25 Gni I Pi Metall Promy Vorderwandpfeiler fuer Siemens-Martin-OEfen
AU511058B2 (en) * 1977-09-28 1980-07-24 Vni I Protktny I Ochistke Tekn Cooler for furnace walls
LU78707A1 (ja) * 1977-12-19 1978-06-21
IT1160001B (it) * 1978-10-23 1987-03-04 Fontanini Paolo Pannelli raffreddati per pareti di forni elettrici

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8300427A (pt) 1983-11-01
US4435814A (en) 1984-03-06
DE3362990D1 (en) 1986-05-22
JPS58203385A (ja) 1983-11-26
EP0085461A1 (de) 1983-08-10

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