EP0085131B1 - Dispositif de transfert de chaleur pour refroidir des gaz infectés de particules solides - Google Patents

Dispositif de transfert de chaleur pour refroidir des gaz infectés de particules solides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0085131B1
EP0085131B1 EP82101426A EP82101426A EP0085131B1 EP 0085131 B1 EP0085131 B1 EP 0085131B1 EP 82101426 A EP82101426 A EP 82101426A EP 82101426 A EP82101426 A EP 82101426A EP 0085131 B1 EP0085131 B1 EP 0085131B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
walls
heat exchanger
shaft
pressure vessel
exchanger according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82101426A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0085131A1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Ziegler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Management AG
Original Assignee
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Publication of EP0085131A1 publication Critical patent/EP0085131A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0085131B1 publication Critical patent/EP0085131B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/78—High-pressure apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1838—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations
    • F22B1/1846—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations the hot gas being loaded with particles, e.g. waste heat boilers after a coal gasification plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having bent portions or being assembled from bent tubes or being tubes having a toroidal configuration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0045—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for granular materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • EP-A No. 0077851 which falls under Article 54, paragraph 3 EPC, relates to such a heat exchanger. It has been shown in this heat exchanger that, in the case of maintenance work, access to the heat transfer surfaces, which are exposed to solid particle deposits due to the contamination of the gases, is relatively complicated and expensive.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by the features according to the characterizing part of claim 1. After removing the chute, it can be viewed from above and below and, if necessary, pierced for cleaning.
  • the riser adjacent to the chute can or the neighboring chutes can - after dismantling the chute - be easily viewed from the drivable chute and, if necessary, serviced.
  • a further improvement in the accessibility of the riser heat transfer surfaces is achieved with the design according to claim 2, in that by using two or more risers, their cross sections become flatter than if only one were provided.
  • the suspension of the chute walls makes it possible to pull out the chute without having to carry out separation work on the upper part of the pressure vessel.
  • Claim 4 has the further advantage that outer surfaces of the chute walls simultaneously form a wall of one or more risers. These walls are particularly easy to maintain.
  • Claim 6 brings a constructive simplification.
  • the dismantled chute can be opened with relatively little effort for inspection, cleaning and / or repair, namely by unraveling only two straight longitudinal seams and a circumferential seam of the chute.
  • the expansion problems on the wall surfaces of the riser or the risers are solved so that sootblowers can easily be guided from the side through the walls of the pressure vessel and the riser or the risers.
  • the central region of the heat exchanger cut out in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a multiple length of the upper or lower region shown.
  • a cylindrical pressure vessel 1 containing the heat exchanger consists of an upper part 2 and a lower part 3; the two parts are tightly connected to one another via flanges 4, 5.
  • the upper part 2 has two mutually opposite inlet connections 7 and 8, which serve to supply gases to be cooled which are contaminated with solid particles.
  • Two rows of pipes 12 and 13 are connected to the collector 10 and two rows of pipes 14 and 15 are connected to the collector 11, each row of pipes consisting of vertical, straight pipes.
  • the tubes of the tube rows 14 and 15 open at their lower ends into an upper distributor 16 and those of the tube rows 12 and 13 into a lower distributor 17.
  • a pipe 19 is connected to the collector 11 between the outermost pipes thereof and opens into the distributor 16 at its lower end.
  • a pipe 22 is connected in the same way to the collector 10, which opens into the lower distributor 17.
  • a pipe 20 is provided between their outermost pipes, which - like the two pipes 19 - opens into the collector 11 with its upper end and into the upper distributor 16 with its lower end.
  • Pipes adjacent to one another of the outer rows of pipes 14 and 13 are each welded tightly to one another via webs 23, so that they form two longitudinal walls of a chute 25.
  • the two outermost tubes of the rows of tubes 13, 12, 15 and 14 are tightly welded to the tubes 22, 20 and 19 therebetween via webs 24.
  • the tube rows 12 and 15, which run parallel to the tube rows 13 and 14 in the chute 25, form partition walls, the tubes of which have longitudinal fins points that face each other but are not welded together.
  • the two outermost tubes of the rows of tubes 12, 13, 14 and 15, the two second outermost tubes of the rows of tubes 12 and 15 and the tubes 19, 20 and 22 are spatially bent outwards in such a way that they correspond to the inner contour
  • the adjacent inlet nozzle 7 or 8 at a short distance and limit essentially circular cylindrical cross sections for the passage of the gases to be cooled.
  • four pipes emanating from the collector 10 are placed in one median nozzle half - visible in FIG. 2 and five pipes emanating from the collector 11 in the other median nozzle half, as can best be seen from FIG. 3.
  • five instead of four pipes are drawn in the area of the inlet nozzle 7 in order to also represent the situation below the collector 11.
  • the pipes forming the boundary walls of the chute 25 are only welded tightly together down to the height H. From there they do not deflect any webs and the tubes of the tube rows 12 and 15 no longer have fins. Thus, a deflection chamber 26 is formed below the height H, from which the gases can emerge laterally without hindrance. A little above the distributor 16 there are roof-shaped plates 27 which protect the distributors 16 and 17 from deposition of solid particles and at the same time create symmetrical flow conditions in the deflection chamber 26.
  • the webs 23 and 24 extend between the pipes delimiting the chute 25 to the height h.
  • a circular cylindrical sheet metal hood 28 is tightly connected to the longitudinal walls of the shaft 25 and is welded to its two end edges with a circular segment 29 made of sheet metal.
  • the tendons of the segment 29 adjoin the transverse walls of the chute 25.
  • the sheet metal hood 28 and the longitudinal walls of the chute are provided with insulation 33 on the outside down to a height h '.
  • a sleeve 30 is inserted between each of these and the tubes bent according to their inner contour, the outer end of which is provided with an outwardly directed flange 31.
  • the inner end of these sleeves 30 is gas-tightly connected to the outermost tube of the rows 13 and 14 of the chute, two circular sections 32 made of sheet metal being inserted per sleeve.
  • the sleeves 30 have a bellows section 34, which absorbs thermal expansion differences.
  • a hardening insulating compound is introduced, which also fills the spaces between the tubes and thus largely shields these tubes from the gas flowing through the tubes 7 and 8.
  • two outlet ports 36 and 37 for the cooled gases are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the common axis of the inlet ports 7 and 8.
  • the pressure vessel 1 is penetrated by two inlet collectors 38 and 38 'which are parallel to the outlet ports 36 and 37 but offset laterally to the pressure vessel axis and which end near the longitudinal wall of the chute 25 formed by the row of pipes 14 and 13 respectively.
  • the chute 25 formed by the tightly welded pipes runs in the central region of this chute.
  • a pocket forming a riser 46 or 46 'thus remains within the cruciform chute.
  • each riser 46 and 46 'three tube sheets 47 are arranged, each consisting of five tubes 48 bent in a meandering shape (FIG. 2).
  • the upper ends of these tubes 48 are connected to the inlet collector 38 or 38 'located in the associated riser shaft.
  • the lower ends of the tubes 48 are accordingly connected to two outlet collectors 58, 58 '.
  • collectors 58 and 58 ' are parallel to the inlet ports 7 and 8, but laterally offset with respect to the pressure vessel axis.
  • the collectors 58 and 58 ' penetrate the lower part 3 of the pressure vessel and a sheet metal wall 40 of the associated riser 46 and 46', respectively.
  • the sheet metal walls 39 and 42 merge into inclined sheet metal walls 39 'and 42', to which a cylindrical part 62 connects in a penetration line 60 and is connected to a vertical connection piece 64 of the pressure vessel 1.
  • the sheet metal walls 39, 40, 41 and 42 have, distributed over the height of the shaft, a plurality of expansion folds 66 which are thrown outwards and which have a cross-sectional shape and are supported in approximately triangular connecting pieces 68. On their inside side the expansion folds 66 are bridged by a cover tape 69 welded on one side.
  • the sheet metal walls 39, 40, 41 and 42, the cover sheets 55, the inclined sheet metal walls 39 ', 42' and the cylindrical part 62 are provided on the outside with an insulating material layer 70.
  • an expansion loop 72 and 73 are connected, each of which consists of three parallel legs and arches 74 connecting them.
  • the last leg of the two expansion loops penetrates one of the two sheet metal walls 42 'and the pressure vessel 1.
  • the legs are connected to a feed line, not shown.
  • soot blowers 78 can be attached which penetrate the lower part 3 of the pressure vessel 1 and the sheet metal walls 39 and of which in FIG. 1 and 4 only two are shown. They can be fixed, rotatable and / or displaceable in their longitudinal direction. Sootblowers 78 of this type or a ball rain system can also be fitted in the upper region of the chute 25. The stretching problem plays practically no role there.
  • a medium which, in the exemplary embodiment described, is water or water vapor.
  • the water to be evaporated reaches the distributors 16 and 17 via the expansion loops 72 and 73. It then flows, preferably in natural circulation, through the vertical pipes of the chute 25 - at least partially evaporating - to the collectors 10 and 11. Via these collectors it leaves the pressure vessel 1 and reaches a water separator or the drum of a drum boiler. The vapor separated in the separator or in the drum is fed via the inlet collectors 38 and 38 'to the tubes 48 of the tube sheets 47, in which it is overheated. The steam leaves the pressure vessel 1 via the outlet collectors 58 and 58 'and is supplied to consumers (not shown).
  • the upper part 2 and the lower part 3 are separated from one another by loosening the connection of the flanges 4 and 5.
  • the upper part 2 together with the pipe system hanging from the collectors 20 and 11 is pulled upwards.
  • the webs 24 between the two outermost tubes of the tube row 12 on the one hand and the two tubes 20 on the other hand can be cut open in the longitudinal direction, so that the chute 25 can be spread apart like the shell of an oyster.
  • the tubes of the tube rows 12 and 15 which are not connected to one another can be bent apart, so that the inside of the longitudinal walls of the chute 25 formed from the tube rows 13 and 14 can also be inspected.
  • the upper part 2 of the pressure vessel 1 can be suspended from a supporting frame in such a way that the lower part 3 can be moved away towards the bottom for the purpose of revision.
  • the lower part 3 is expediently formed from several separable shots so that the supporting structure does not have to be built as high.
  • separate, separate heating surfaces are preferably arranged in the individual sections, so that no pipe connections have to be loosened between the sections to dismantle the heat exchanger within the pressure vessel.
  • outlet connections 36 and 37 can also be attached in the lower section of the lower part 3.
  • the cover plates 55 with their insulation 70 and the openings 56 in the sheet metal walls 39 can then be omitted, so that the cooled gases flow out of the risers 46 and 46 ', the pressure vessel 1 as a whole being more uniform is heated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Transmetteur de chaleur pour refroidir des gaz souillés par des particules solides, tels que des gaz de synthèse, comprenant un puits de descente (25) logé dans un réservoir cylindrique de pression (1 ) et présentant des surfaces de transfert thermique, ainsi qu'au moins un puits ascendant (46) comportant d'autres surfaces de transfert thermique, les parois du puits ascendant entourant les parois du puits de descente et une chambre de dérivation (26) vidable étant située à l'extrémité inférieure desdits puits, caractérisé par le fait que le réservoir de pression (1 ) se compose d'une partie supérieure (2) et d'une partie inférieure (3) pouvant être reliée à cette dernière d'une manière étanche aux gaz, par le fait que les parois du puits ascendant sont suspendues à la partie inférieure, et par le fait que les parois du puits de descente (25) peuvent, conjointement à toutes les surfaces de chauffage renfermées par ledit puits de descente, être déployées par rapport à l'espace entouré par les parois du puits ascendant.
2. Transmetteur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les parois du puits ascendant entourent deux carneaux parallèles séparés l'un de l'autre par le puits de descente.
3. Transmetteur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que les parois du puits de descente sont suspendues à la partie supérieure du réservoir de pression.
4. Transmetteur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que les parois du puits de descente sont formées par des tubes d'un évaporateur reliés hermétiquement les uns aux autres.
5. Transmetteur de chaleur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que les tubes de l'évaporateur sont reliés, par leur extrémité inférieure, à au moins un répartiteur auquel un conduit d'alimentation traversant la paroi du puits ascendant et la paroi du réservoir est raccordé par l'intermédiaire d'un tronçon souple de conduit.
6. Transmetteur de chaleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que, dans le puits de descente, sont prévus des tubes qui forment des cloisons intermédiaires et dont les extrémités inférieures sont également raccordées au répartiteur.
7. Transmetteur de chaleur selon la revendication 4, avec deux répartiteurs et deux collecteurs, caractérisé par le fait que les tubes formant les parois du puits de descente et les cloisons intermédiaires sont scindés en deux groupes, l'un de ces groupes étant raccordé à l'un des répartiteurs et à l'un des collecteurs, l'autre groupe étant relié à l'autre répartiteur et à l'autre collecteur.
8. Transmetteur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que les parois du puits ascendant sont réalisées souples dans le sens vertical, afin d'absorber des dilatations thermiques différentes par rapport à la paroi du réservoir de pression, et sont reliées à hauteur fixe à cette paroi du réservoir de pression, en plusieurs zones réparties sur la hauteur dudit réservoir de pression.
EP82101426A 1982-02-03 1982-02-25 Dispositif de transfert de chaleur pour refroidir des gaz infectés de particules solides Expired EP0085131B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH646/82A CH656952A5 (de) 1982-02-03 1982-02-03 Waermeuebertrager zum kuehlen von mit festen teilchen verunreinigten gasen.
CH646/82 1982-02-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0085131A1 EP0085131A1 (fr) 1983-08-10
EP0085131B1 true EP0085131B1 (fr) 1984-12-27

Family

ID=4191855

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82101426A Expired EP0085131B1 (fr) 1982-02-03 1982-02-25 Dispositif de transfert de chaleur pour refroidir des gaz infectés de particules solides

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0085131B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS58133592A (fr)
CH (1) CH656952A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3261661D1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA829088B (fr)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB772991A (en) * 1955-09-07 1957-04-17 La Mont Int Ass Ltd Improvements in and relating to forced recirculation steam generators
FR1161500A (fr) * 1956-09-28 1958-09-01 Stein & Roubaix échangeur thermique à faisceaux tubulairees multiples
FR1298680A (fr) * 1961-08-25 1962-07-13 Waagner Biro Ag Cheminée à garnissage formé de tuyaux parcourus par un fluide de refroidissement
FR1446399A (fr) * 1965-06-09 1966-07-22 Stein & Roubaix Perfectionnements aux échangeurs de chaleur
US3406747A (en) * 1966-01-18 1968-10-22 American Schack Company Inc Heat exchanger having concentric supply and exhaust conduits
GB1532757A (en) * 1977-09-23 1978-11-22 Sulzer Ag Heat exchanger system
DE2940257C2 (de) * 1979-10-04 1984-11-08 Ruhrchemie Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Strahlungskessel für die Abkühlung eines feste und schmelzflüssige Partikel enthaltenden Gasstromes
CH656637A5 (de) * 1981-10-26 1986-07-15 Sulzer Ag Gaskuehler-anordnung zu kohlevergasungsanlage.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0252798B2 (fr) 1990-11-14
CH656952A5 (de) 1986-07-31
JPS58133592A (ja) 1983-08-09
DE3261661D1 (en) 1985-02-07
EP0085131A1 (fr) 1983-08-10
ZA829088B (en) 1983-09-28

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