EP0085131B1 - Heat-transfer apparatus for cooling gases contaminated with particles - Google Patents

Heat-transfer apparatus for cooling gases contaminated with particles Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0085131B1
EP0085131B1 EP82101426A EP82101426A EP0085131B1 EP 0085131 B1 EP0085131 B1 EP 0085131B1 EP 82101426 A EP82101426 A EP 82101426A EP 82101426 A EP82101426 A EP 82101426A EP 0085131 B1 EP0085131 B1 EP 0085131B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
walls
heat exchanger
shaft
pressure vessel
exchanger according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82101426A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0085131A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Ziegler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Management AG
Original Assignee
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Publication of EP0085131A1 publication Critical patent/EP0085131A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0085131B1 publication Critical patent/EP0085131B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/86Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485Entrained flow gasifiers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/74Construction of shells or jackets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/78High-pressure apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1838Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations
    • F22B1/1846Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines the hot gas being under a high pressure, e.g. in chemical installations the hot gas being loaded with particles, e.g. waste heat boilers after a coal gasification plant
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/005Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having bent portions or being assembled from bent tubes or being tubes having a toroidal configuration
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0045Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for granular materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • EP-A No. 0077851 which falls under Article 54, paragraph 3 EPC, relates to such a heat exchanger. It has been shown in this heat exchanger that, in the case of maintenance work, access to the heat transfer surfaces, which are exposed to solid particle deposits due to the contamination of the gases, is relatively complicated and expensive.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by the features according to the characterizing part of claim 1. After removing the chute, it can be viewed from above and below and, if necessary, pierced for cleaning.
  • the riser adjacent to the chute can or the neighboring chutes can - after dismantling the chute - be easily viewed from the drivable chute and, if necessary, serviced.
  • a further improvement in the accessibility of the riser heat transfer surfaces is achieved with the design according to claim 2, in that by using two or more risers, their cross sections become flatter than if only one were provided.
  • the suspension of the chute walls makes it possible to pull out the chute without having to carry out separation work on the upper part of the pressure vessel.
  • Claim 4 has the further advantage that outer surfaces of the chute walls simultaneously form a wall of one or more risers. These walls are particularly easy to maintain.
  • Claim 6 brings a constructive simplification.
  • the dismantled chute can be opened with relatively little effort for inspection, cleaning and / or repair, namely by unraveling only two straight longitudinal seams and a circumferential seam of the chute.
  • the expansion problems on the wall surfaces of the riser or the risers are solved so that sootblowers can easily be guided from the side through the walls of the pressure vessel and the riser or the risers.
  • the central region of the heat exchanger cut out in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a multiple length of the upper or lower region shown.
  • a cylindrical pressure vessel 1 containing the heat exchanger consists of an upper part 2 and a lower part 3; the two parts are tightly connected to one another via flanges 4, 5.
  • the upper part 2 has two mutually opposite inlet connections 7 and 8, which serve to supply gases to be cooled which are contaminated with solid particles.
  • Two rows of pipes 12 and 13 are connected to the collector 10 and two rows of pipes 14 and 15 are connected to the collector 11, each row of pipes consisting of vertical, straight pipes.
  • the tubes of the tube rows 14 and 15 open at their lower ends into an upper distributor 16 and those of the tube rows 12 and 13 into a lower distributor 17.
  • a pipe 19 is connected to the collector 11 between the outermost pipes thereof and opens into the distributor 16 at its lower end.
  • a pipe 22 is connected in the same way to the collector 10, which opens into the lower distributor 17.
  • a pipe 20 is provided between their outermost pipes, which - like the two pipes 19 - opens into the collector 11 with its upper end and into the upper distributor 16 with its lower end.
  • Pipes adjacent to one another of the outer rows of pipes 14 and 13 are each welded tightly to one another via webs 23, so that they form two longitudinal walls of a chute 25.
  • the two outermost tubes of the rows of tubes 13, 12, 15 and 14 are tightly welded to the tubes 22, 20 and 19 therebetween via webs 24.
  • the tube rows 12 and 15, which run parallel to the tube rows 13 and 14 in the chute 25, form partition walls, the tubes of which have longitudinal fins points that face each other but are not welded together.
  • the two outermost tubes of the rows of tubes 12, 13, 14 and 15, the two second outermost tubes of the rows of tubes 12 and 15 and the tubes 19, 20 and 22 are spatially bent outwards in such a way that they correspond to the inner contour
  • the adjacent inlet nozzle 7 or 8 at a short distance and limit essentially circular cylindrical cross sections for the passage of the gases to be cooled.
  • four pipes emanating from the collector 10 are placed in one median nozzle half - visible in FIG. 2 and five pipes emanating from the collector 11 in the other median nozzle half, as can best be seen from FIG. 3.
  • five instead of four pipes are drawn in the area of the inlet nozzle 7 in order to also represent the situation below the collector 11.
  • the pipes forming the boundary walls of the chute 25 are only welded tightly together down to the height H. From there they do not deflect any webs and the tubes of the tube rows 12 and 15 no longer have fins. Thus, a deflection chamber 26 is formed below the height H, from which the gases can emerge laterally without hindrance. A little above the distributor 16 there are roof-shaped plates 27 which protect the distributors 16 and 17 from deposition of solid particles and at the same time create symmetrical flow conditions in the deflection chamber 26.
  • the webs 23 and 24 extend between the pipes delimiting the chute 25 to the height h.
  • a circular cylindrical sheet metal hood 28 is tightly connected to the longitudinal walls of the shaft 25 and is welded to its two end edges with a circular segment 29 made of sheet metal.
  • the tendons of the segment 29 adjoin the transverse walls of the chute 25.
  • the sheet metal hood 28 and the longitudinal walls of the chute are provided with insulation 33 on the outside down to a height h '.
  • a sleeve 30 is inserted between each of these and the tubes bent according to their inner contour, the outer end of which is provided with an outwardly directed flange 31.
  • the inner end of these sleeves 30 is gas-tightly connected to the outermost tube of the rows 13 and 14 of the chute, two circular sections 32 made of sheet metal being inserted per sleeve.
  • the sleeves 30 have a bellows section 34, which absorbs thermal expansion differences.
  • a hardening insulating compound is introduced, which also fills the spaces between the tubes and thus largely shields these tubes from the gas flowing through the tubes 7 and 8.
  • two outlet ports 36 and 37 for the cooled gases are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the common axis of the inlet ports 7 and 8.
  • the pressure vessel 1 is penetrated by two inlet collectors 38 and 38 'which are parallel to the outlet ports 36 and 37 but offset laterally to the pressure vessel axis and which end near the longitudinal wall of the chute 25 formed by the row of pipes 14 and 13 respectively.
  • the chute 25 formed by the tightly welded pipes runs in the central region of this chute.
  • a pocket forming a riser 46 or 46 'thus remains within the cruciform chute.
  • each riser 46 and 46 'three tube sheets 47 are arranged, each consisting of five tubes 48 bent in a meandering shape (FIG. 2).
  • the upper ends of these tubes 48 are connected to the inlet collector 38 or 38 'located in the associated riser shaft.
  • the lower ends of the tubes 48 are accordingly connected to two outlet collectors 58, 58 '.
  • collectors 58 and 58 ' are parallel to the inlet ports 7 and 8, but laterally offset with respect to the pressure vessel axis.
  • the collectors 58 and 58 ' penetrate the lower part 3 of the pressure vessel and a sheet metal wall 40 of the associated riser 46 and 46', respectively.
  • the sheet metal walls 39 and 42 merge into inclined sheet metal walls 39 'and 42', to which a cylindrical part 62 connects in a penetration line 60 and is connected to a vertical connection piece 64 of the pressure vessel 1.
  • the sheet metal walls 39, 40, 41 and 42 have, distributed over the height of the shaft, a plurality of expansion folds 66 which are thrown outwards and which have a cross-sectional shape and are supported in approximately triangular connecting pieces 68. On their inside side the expansion folds 66 are bridged by a cover tape 69 welded on one side.
  • the sheet metal walls 39, 40, 41 and 42, the cover sheets 55, the inclined sheet metal walls 39 ', 42' and the cylindrical part 62 are provided on the outside with an insulating material layer 70.
  • an expansion loop 72 and 73 are connected, each of which consists of three parallel legs and arches 74 connecting them.
  • the last leg of the two expansion loops penetrates one of the two sheet metal walls 42 'and the pressure vessel 1.
  • the legs are connected to a feed line, not shown.
  • soot blowers 78 can be attached which penetrate the lower part 3 of the pressure vessel 1 and the sheet metal walls 39 and of which in FIG. 1 and 4 only two are shown. They can be fixed, rotatable and / or displaceable in their longitudinal direction. Sootblowers 78 of this type or a ball rain system can also be fitted in the upper region of the chute 25. The stretching problem plays practically no role there.
  • a medium which, in the exemplary embodiment described, is water or water vapor.
  • the water to be evaporated reaches the distributors 16 and 17 via the expansion loops 72 and 73. It then flows, preferably in natural circulation, through the vertical pipes of the chute 25 - at least partially evaporating - to the collectors 10 and 11. Via these collectors it leaves the pressure vessel 1 and reaches a water separator or the drum of a drum boiler. The vapor separated in the separator or in the drum is fed via the inlet collectors 38 and 38 'to the tubes 48 of the tube sheets 47, in which it is overheated. The steam leaves the pressure vessel 1 via the outlet collectors 58 and 58 'and is supplied to consumers (not shown).
  • the upper part 2 and the lower part 3 are separated from one another by loosening the connection of the flanges 4 and 5.
  • the upper part 2 together with the pipe system hanging from the collectors 20 and 11 is pulled upwards.
  • the webs 24 between the two outermost tubes of the tube row 12 on the one hand and the two tubes 20 on the other hand can be cut open in the longitudinal direction, so that the chute 25 can be spread apart like the shell of an oyster.
  • the tubes of the tube rows 12 and 15 which are not connected to one another can be bent apart, so that the inside of the longitudinal walls of the chute 25 formed from the tube rows 13 and 14 can also be inspected.
  • the upper part 2 of the pressure vessel 1 can be suspended from a supporting frame in such a way that the lower part 3 can be moved away towards the bottom for the purpose of revision.
  • the lower part 3 is expediently formed from several separable shots so that the supporting structure does not have to be built as high.
  • separate, separate heating surfaces are preferably arranged in the individual sections, so that no pipe connections have to be loosened between the sections to dismantle the heat exchanger within the pressure vessel.
  • outlet connections 36 and 37 can also be attached in the lower section of the lower part 3.
  • the cover plates 55 with their insulation 70 and the openings 56 in the sheet metal walls 39 can then be omitted, so that the cooled gases flow out of the risers 46 and 46 ', the pressure vessel 1 as a whole being more uniform is heated.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeübertrager nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die unter Artikel 54, Absatz 3 EPÜ fallende EP-A Nr. 0077851 betrifft einen solchen Wärmeübertrager. Es hat sich bei diesem Wärmeübertrager gezeigt, dass im Fall von Wartungsarbeiten der Zugang zu den Wärmeübertragungsflächen, die wegen der Verunreinigung der Gase Ablagerungen von festen Teilchen ausgesetzt sind, verhältnismässig kompliziert und aufwendig ist.The invention relates to a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1. EP-A No. 0077851, which falls under Article 54, paragraph 3 EPC, relates to such a heat exchanger. It has been shown in this heat exchanger that, in the case of maintenance work, access to the heat transfer surfaces, which are exposed to solid particle deposits due to the contamination of the gases, is relatively complicated and expensive.

Es istAufgabe der Erfindung, einen Wärmeübertrager der eingangs genannten Art so zu verbessern, dass er konstruktiv einfacher und wartungsfreundlicher ist als der früher angemeldete. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss-durch die Merkmale gemäss dem Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Nach dem Ausbauen des Fallschachtes kann dieser von oben und von unten her eingesehen und notfalls zwecks Reinigung durchstossen werden. Der dem Fallschacht benachbarte Steigschacht kann bzw. die benachbarten Steigschächte können - nach dem Ausbauen des Fallschachtes-vom befahrbaren Fallschachtraum her leicht eingesehen und ggf. gewartet werden.It is an object of the invention to improve a heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is structurally simpler and easier to maintain than the one previously registered. This object is achieved according to the invention by the features according to the characterizing part of claim 1. After removing the chute, it can be viewed from above and below and, if necessary, pierced for cleaning. The riser adjacent to the chute can or the neighboring chutes can - after dismantling the chute - be easily viewed from the drivable chute and, if necessary, serviced.

Eine weitere Verbesserung der Zugänglichkeit der Steigschacht-Wärmeübertragungsflächen wird mit der Gestaltung nach Anspruch 2 erreicht, indem durch Anwenden von zwei oder mehreren Steigschächten deren Querschnitte flacher werden, als wenn nur ein einziger vorgesehen würde.A further improvement in the accessibility of the riser heat transfer surfaces is achieved with the design according to claim 2, in that by using two or more risers, their cross sections become flatter than if only one were provided.

Durch die Aufhängung der Fallschachtwände gemäss Anspruch 3 wird das Ausziehen des Fallschachtes möglich, ohne dass am Oberteil des Druckbehälters Trennarbeiten ausgeführt werden müssen.The suspension of the chute walls makes it possible to pull out the chute without having to carry out separation work on the upper part of the pressure vessel.

Anspruch 4 bringt den weiteren Vorteil, dass Aussenflächen der Fallschachtwände gleichzeitig eine Wand eines oder mehrerer Steigschächte bilden. Diese Wände sind besonders leicht zu warten.Claim 4 has the further advantage that outer surfaces of the chute walls simultaneously form a wall of one or more risers. These walls are particularly easy to maintain.

Während der Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1 die Möglichkeit bietet, eine den Wärmeübertrager z.B. mit Wasser speisende Leitung vom Oberteil her durch den Fallschacht zu führen, gestattet Anspruch 5, auf eine solche Falleitung zu verzichten, was aber bedingt, dass zum Herausziehen des Fallschachtes die Umlenkkammer begangen und die dort vorgesehene, nachgiebige Verbihdungsleitung zum Verteiler getrennt werden kann.While the heat exchanger according to claim 1 offers the possibility of using the heat exchanger e.g. Leading water-supplying pipe from the upper part through the chute allows claim 5 to dispense with such a downpipe, but this requires that the deflection chamber is used to pull out the chute and the flexible connection pipe to the distributor provided there can be separated.

Anspruch 6 bringt eine konstruktive Vereinfachung.Claim 6 brings a constructive simplification.

Durch die Unterteilung in zwei Gruppen gemäss Anspruch 7 lässt sich der ausgebaute Fallschacht mit verhältnismässig geringem Aufwand zur Inspektion, Reinigung und/oder Reparatur öffnen, und zwar durch Auftrennen von nur zwei geraden Längsnähten und einer Umfangsnaht des Fallschachtes.Due to the division into two groups according to claim 7, the dismantled chute can be opened with relatively little effort for inspection, cleaning and / or repair, namely by unraveling only two straight longitudinal seams and a circumferential seam of the chute.

Nach Anspruch 8 werden die Dehnungsprobleme an den Wandflächen des Steigschachtes oder der Steigschächte so gelöst, dass Russbläser leicht von der Seite her durch die Wände der Druckgefässes und des Steigschachtes bzw. der Steigschächte hindurch geführt werden können.According to claim 8, the expansion problems on the wall surfaces of the riser or the risers are solved so that sootblowers can easily be guided from the side through the walls of the pressure vessel and the riser or the risers.

Die Erfindung wird nun an einem in der Zeichnung schematisiert dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Vertikalschnitt nach der Linie 1-1 in Fig. 2 durch einen oberen und einen unteren Bereich eines erfindungsgemässen Wärmeübertragers,
  • Fig. 2 einen Vertikalschnitt nach der gebrochenen Linie 11-11 in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Horizontalschnitt nach der Linie III-111 in Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 einen weiteren Horizontalschnitt nach der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 1, und
  • Fig. 5 einen partiellen Horizontalschnitt nach der Linie V-V in Fig. 1.
The invention will now be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a vertical section along the line 1-1 in FIG. 2 through an upper and a lower region of a heat exchanger according to the invention,
  • 2 shows a vertical section along the broken line 11-11 in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a horizontal section along the line III-111 in FIG. 2,
  • Fig. 4 shows a further horizontal section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 1, and
  • 5 is a partial horizontal section along the line VV in Fig. 1st

Der in Fig. 1 und 2 herausgeschnittene mittlere Bereich des Wärmeübertragers hat die mehrfache Länge des dargestellten oberen oder unteren Bereiches.The central region of the heat exchanger cut out in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a multiple length of the upper or lower region shown.

Ein den Wärmeübertrager enthaltender zylindrischer Druckbehälter 1 besteht aus einem Oberteil 2 und einem Unterteil 3; die beiden Teile sind über Flansche 4, 5 miteinander dicht verbunden. Der Oberteil 2 weist seitlich zwei einander gegenüberliegende Eintrittsstutzen 7 und 8 auf, die der Zufuhr von zu kühlenden, mit festen Teilchen verunreinigten Gasen dienen. Parallel zur gemeinsamen Achse der Eintrittsstutzen 7 und 8 durchdringen zwei Sammler 10 und 11 aus entgegengesetzten Richtungen den Oberteil 2 und erstrecken sich fast bis zur gegenüberliegenden Wand des Oberteils. Am Sammler 10 sind zwei Rohrreihen 12 und 13 und am Sammler 11 zwei Rohrreihen 14 und 15 angeschlossen, wobei jede Rohrreihe aus vertikalen, geraden Rohren besteht. Die Rohre der Rohrreihen 14 und 15 münden mit ihren unteren Enden in einen oberen Verteiler 16 und jene der Rohrreihen 12 und 13 in einen unteren Verteiler 17.A cylindrical pressure vessel 1 containing the heat exchanger consists of an upper part 2 and a lower part 3; the two parts are tightly connected to one another via flanges 4, 5. The upper part 2 has two mutually opposite inlet connections 7 and 8, which serve to supply gases to be cooled which are contaminated with solid particles. Parallel to the common axis of the inlet connections 7 and 8, two collectors 10 and 11 penetrate the upper part 2 from opposite directions and extend almost to the opposite wall of the upper part. Two rows of pipes 12 and 13 are connected to the collector 10 and two rows of pipes 14 and 15 are connected to the collector 11, each row of pipes consisting of vertical, straight pipes. The tubes of the tube rows 14 and 15 open at their lower ends into an upper distributor 16 and those of the tube rows 12 and 13 into a lower distributor 17.

Nahe den beiden Enden der Rohrreihen 14 und 15 ist zwischen deren äussersten Rohren ein Rohr 19 am Sammler 11 angeschlossen, das mit seinem unteren Ende in den Verteiler 16 mündet. Nahe den beiden Enden der Rohrreihen 12 und 13 ist in gleicher Weise ein Rohr 22 am Sammler 10 angeschlossen, das in den unteren Verteiler 17 mündet. Nahe den beiden Enden der Rohrreihen 12 und 15 ist zwischen deren äussersten Rohren ein Rohr 20 vorgesehen, das - wie die beiden Rohre 19 - mit seinem oberen Ende in den Sammler 11 und mit seinem unteren Ende in den oberen Verteiler 16 mündet. Einander benachbarte Rohre der aussenliegenden Rohrreihen 14 und 13 sind jeweils über Stege 23 dicht miteinander verschweisst, so dass sie zwei Längswände eines Fallschachtes 25 bilden. Zum Bilden der Querwände des einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Fallschachtes 25 sind jeweils die beiden äussersten Rohre der Rohrreihen 13, 12, 15 und 14 mit den dazwischenliegenden Rohren 22, 20 und 19 über Stege 24 dichtverschweisst. Die in dem Fallschacht 25 parallel zu den Rohrreihen 13 und 14 verlaufenden Rohrreihen 12 und 15 bilden Zwischenwände, deren Rohre Längsflossen aufweisen, die gegeneinander gerichtet, aber nicht miteinander verschweisst sind.Near the two ends of the rows of pipes 14 and 15, a pipe 19 is connected to the collector 11 between the outermost pipes thereof and opens into the distributor 16 at its lower end. Near the two ends of the rows of pipes 12 and 13, a pipe 22 is connected in the same way to the collector 10, which opens into the lower distributor 17. Near the two ends of the rows of pipes 12 and 15, a pipe 20 is provided between their outermost pipes, which - like the two pipes 19 - opens into the collector 11 with its upper end and into the upper distributor 16 with its lower end. Pipes adjacent to one another of the outer rows of pipes 14 and 13 are each welded tightly to one another via webs 23, so that they form two longitudinal walls of a chute 25. In order to form the transverse walls of the chute 25 having a rectangular cross section, the two outermost tubes of the rows of tubes 13, 12, 15 and 14 are tightly welded to the tubes 22, 20 and 19 therebetween via webs 24. The tube rows 12 and 15, which run parallel to the tube rows 13 and 14 in the chute 25, form partition walls, the tubes of which have longitudinal fins points that face each other but are not welded together.

Im Bereich der Eintrittsstutzen 7 und 8 sind jeweils die beiden äussersten Rohre der Rohrreihen 12,13,14 und 15, die beiden zweitäussersten Rohre der Rohrreihen 12 und 15 sowie die Rohre 19, 20 und 22 derart räumlich nach aussen ausgebogen, dass sie der Innenkontur des benachbarten Eintrittsstutzens 7 oder 8 in geringem Abstand folgen und im wesentlichen kreiszylindrische Querschnitte für das Passieren der abzukühlenden Gase begrenzen. Dabei sind also pro Eintrittsstutzen jeweils vier vom Sammler 10 ausgehende Rohre in die eine - in Fig. 2 sichtbare - mediane Stutzenhälfte und fünf vom Sammler 11 ausgehende Rohre in die andere mediane Stutzenhälfte gelegt, wie dies am besten aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich ist. In Fig. 2 sind im Bereich des Eintrittsstutzens 7 fünf statt vier Rohre gezeichnet, um auch die Situation unterhalb des Sammlers 11 darzustellen.In the area of the inlet connections 7 and 8, the two outermost tubes of the rows of tubes 12, 13, 14 and 15, the two second outermost tubes of the rows of tubes 12 and 15 and the tubes 19, 20 and 22 are spatially bent outwards in such a way that they correspond to the inner contour Follow the adjacent inlet nozzle 7 or 8 at a short distance and limit essentially circular cylindrical cross sections for the passage of the gases to be cooled. Thus, for each inlet connection, four pipes emanating from the collector 10 are placed in one median nozzle half - visible in FIG. 2 and five pipes emanating from the collector 11 in the other median nozzle half, as can best be seen from FIG. 3. In Fig. 2, five instead of four pipes are drawn in the area of the inlet nozzle 7 in order to also represent the situation below the collector 11.

Die die Begrenzungswände des Fallschachtes 25 bildenden Rohre sind nur bis zur Höhe H hinunter miteinander dicht verschweisst. Von dort abweisen sie keine Stege und die Rohre der Rohrreihen 12 und 15 auch keine Flossen mehr auf. Somit ist unterhalb der Höhe H eine Umlenkkammer 26 gebildet, aus der die Gase unbehindert seitlich austreten können. Wenig oberhalb des Verteilers 16 sind dachförmig Bleche 27 angeordnet, die die Verteiler 16 und 17 vor einer Ablagerung von festen Teilchen schützen und gleichzeitig symmetrische Strömungsverhältnisse in der Umlenkkammer 26 schaffen.The pipes forming the boundary walls of the chute 25 are only welded tightly together down to the height H. From there they do not deflect any webs and the tubes of the tube rows 12 and 15 no longer have fins. Thus, a deflection chamber 26 is formed below the height H, from which the gases can emerge laterally without hindrance. A little above the distributor 16 there are roof-shaped plates 27 which protect the distributors 16 and 17 from deposition of solid particles and at the same time create symmetrical flow conditions in the deflection chamber 26.

Im Bereich des Oberteils 2 erstrecken sich die Stege 23 und 24 zwischen den den Fallschacht 25 begrenzenden Rohren bis auf die Höhe h. Im Bereich des oberen Endes dieser Stege ist an den Längswänden des Schachtes 25 eine kreiszylindrisch gebogene Blechhaube 28 dicht angeschlossen, die an ihren beiden Stirnkanten mit je einem Kreissegment 29 aus Blech verschweisst ist. Die Sehnen des Segmentes 29 schliessen an den Querwänden des Fallschachtes 25 an. Die Blechhaube 28 und die Längswände des Fallschachtes sind aussen bis auf eine Höhe h' hinunter mit einer Isolation 33 versehen.In the area of the upper part 2, the webs 23 and 24 extend between the pipes delimiting the chute 25 to the height h. In the area of the upper end of these webs, a circular cylindrical sheet metal hood 28 is tightly connected to the longitudinal walls of the shaft 25 and is welded to its two end edges with a circular segment 29 made of sheet metal. The tendons of the segment 29 adjoin the transverse walls of the chute 25. The sheet metal hood 28 and the longitudinal walls of the chute are provided with insulation 33 on the outside down to a height h '.

In den Eintrittsstutzen 7 und 8 steckt zwischen diesen und den nach deren Innenkontur gebogenen Rohren je eine Hülse 30, deren äusseres Ende mit einem nach aussen gerichteten Flansch 31 versehen ist. Das innere Ende dieser Hülsen 30 ist gasdicht jeweils an das äusserste Rohr der Rohrreihen 13 und 14 des Fallschachtes angeschlossen, wobei je Hülse zwei Kreisabschnitte 32 aus Blech eingesetzt sind. Die Hülsen 30 weisen eine Balgpartie 34 auf, die Wärmedehnungsdifferenzen aufnimmt. Zwischen den in die Eintrittsstutzen 7 und 8 gebogenen Rohren und der Hülse 30 ist eine erhärtende Isoliermasse eingebracht, die auch die Zwischenräume zwischen den Rohren füllt und damit diese Rohre grösstenteils von dem die Stutzen 7 und 8 durchströmenden Gas abschirmt.In the inlet connection 7 and 8, a sleeve 30 is inserted between each of these and the tubes bent according to their inner contour, the outer end of which is provided with an outwardly directed flange 31. The inner end of these sleeves 30 is gas-tightly connected to the outermost tube of the rows 13 and 14 of the chute, two circular sections 32 made of sheet metal being inserted per sleeve. The sleeves 30 have a bellows section 34, which absorbs thermal expansion differences. Between the tubes 7 and 8 bent into the tubes and the sleeve 30, a hardening insulating compound is introduced, which also fills the spaces between the tubes and thus largely shields these tubes from the gas flowing through the tubes 7 and 8.

Im Unterteil 3 des Druckbehälters 1 sind in einer zur gemeinsamen Achse der Eintrittsstutzen 7 und 8 rechtwinkligen Ebene zwei Austrittsstutzen 36 und 37 für die abgekühlten Gase angeordnet. Oberhalb der beiden, ebenfalls auf einer gemeinsamen Achse liegenden Austrittsstutzen 36 und 37 und unterhalb des Flansches 5 des Unterteils 3 wird der Druckbehälter 1 von zwei zu den Austrittsstutzen 36 und 37 parallelen, aber seitlich versetzt zur Druckbehälterachse angeordneten Eintrittskollektoren 38 und 38' durchdrungen, die nahe vor der durch die Rohrreihe 14 bzw. 13 gebildeten Längswand des Fallschachtes 25 enden. Ausser der Druckbehälterwand durchdringen die Eintrittskollektoren 38 und 38' je eine im Druckbehälter 1 angebrachte Blechwand 39. Wie Fig. 4 zeigt, bilden die beiden Blechwände 39 zusammen mit vier schmalen Blechwänden 40, vier schmalen Blechwänden 41 und zwei Blechwänden 42 einen Schacht mit kreizförmigem Grundriss. Im mittleren Bereich dieses Schachtes verläuft der durch die dicht verschweissten Rohre gebildete Fallschacht 25. Beiderseits des Fallschachtes verbleibt somit innerhalb des kreuzförmigen Schachtes je eine einen Steigschacht 46 bzw. 46' bildende Tasche. In jedem Steigschacht 46 und 46' sind drei Rohrtafeln 47 angeordnet, die aus je fünf mäanderförmig gebogenen Rohren 48 bestehen (Fig. 2). Diese Rohre 48 sind mit ihren oberen Enden an den im zugehörigen Steigschacht befindlichen Eintrittskollektor 38 bzw. 38' angeschlossen. Die unteren Enden der Rohre 48 sind dementsprechend an zwei Austrittskollektoren 58, 58' angeschlossen. Die Achsen dieser Kollektoren 58 und 58' sind parallel zu den Eintrittsstutzen 7 und 8, jedoch seitlich versetzt bezüglich der Druckbehälterachse angeordnet. Die Kollektoren 58 und 58' durchdringen den Unterteil 3 des Druckbehälters sowie je eine Blechwand 40 des zugehörigen Steigschachtes 46 bzw. 46'.In the lower part 3 of the pressure vessel 1, two outlet ports 36 and 37 for the cooled gases are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the common axis of the inlet ports 7 and 8. Above the two outlet ports 36 and 37, which are also on a common axis, and below the flange 5 of the lower part 3, the pressure vessel 1 is penetrated by two inlet collectors 38 and 38 'which are parallel to the outlet ports 36 and 37 but offset laterally to the pressure vessel axis and which end near the longitudinal wall of the chute 25 formed by the row of pipes 14 and 13 respectively. In addition to the pressure vessel wall, the inlet collectors 38 and 38 'each penetrate a sheet metal wall 39 installed in the pressure vessel 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the two sheet metal walls 39 together with four narrow sheet metal walls 40, four narrow sheet metal walls 41 and two sheet metal walls 42 form a shaft with a circular plan . The chute 25 formed by the tightly welded pipes runs in the central region of this chute. On both sides of the chute, a pocket forming a riser 46 or 46 'thus remains within the cruciform chute. In each riser 46 and 46 'three tube sheets 47 are arranged, each consisting of five tubes 48 bent in a meandering shape (FIG. 2). The upper ends of these tubes 48 are connected to the inlet collector 38 or 38 'located in the associated riser shaft. The lower ends of the tubes 48 are accordingly connected to two outlet collectors 58, 58 '. The axes of these collectors 58 and 58 'are parallel to the inlet ports 7 and 8, but laterally offset with respect to the pressure vessel axis. The collectors 58 and 58 'penetrate the lower part 3 of the pressure vessel and a sheet metal wall 40 of the associated riser 46 and 46', respectively.

Jeweils im Bereich der vertikalen Schenkel der mäanderförmig gebogenen Rohre 48 werden diese durch Träger 50 gestützt, die an zwölf Zugbändern 51 aufgehängt sind (Fig. 2). Diese Zugbänder 51 sind an vier Paaren von Kragarmen 53 aufgehängt, die am oberen Rande des Unterteils 3 im Druckbehälter 1 angeschweisst sind und die Blechwände 39 durchdringen. Oberhalb der Befestigungsstelle der zwölf Zugbänder 51 an den Kragarmen 53 sind die beiden Steigschächte 46 und 46' durch Deckbleche 55 verschlossen, die sich von den Blechwänden 39 ausgehend bis nahe an die Längswände des Fallschachtes 25 heran erstrecken. Auf der Höhe der Austrittsstutzen 36 und 37 weisen die Blechwände 39 rechteckige Öffnungen 56 auf. Im Bereich der Verteiler 16 und 17 gehen die Blechwände 39 und 42 in geneigte Blechwände 39' bzw. 42' über, an die in einer Durchdringungslinie 60 ein zylindrisches Teil 62 anschliesst, das mit einem vertikalen Stutzen 64 des Druckbehälters 1 verbunden ist. Die Blechwände 39, 40, 41 und 42 weisen, über die Höhe des Schachtes verteilt, mehrere nach aussen aufgeworfene Dehnfalten 66 auf, die im Querschnitty-förmig ausgebildet sind und in etwa dreieckigen Stutzen 68 gelagert sind. Auf ihrer Innenseite sind die Dehnfalten 66 durch je ein einseitig angeschweisstes Deckband 69 überbrückt.In each case in the region of the vertical legs of the tubes 48 bent in a meandering shape, these are supported by supports 50 which are suspended from twelve drawstrings 51 (FIG. 2). These drawstrings 51 are suspended from four pairs of cantilever arms 53 which are welded to the upper edge of the lower part 3 in the pressure vessel 1 and penetrate the sheet metal walls 39. Above the fastening point of the twelve drawstrings 51 on the cantilever arms 53, the two risers 46 and 46 'are closed by cover plates 55, which extend from the sheet metal walls 39 to close to the longitudinal walls of the chute 25. At the height of the outlet ports 36 and 37, the sheet metal walls 39 have rectangular openings 56. In the area of the distributors 16 and 17, the sheet metal walls 39 and 42 merge into inclined sheet metal walls 39 'and 42', to which a cylindrical part 62 connects in a penetration line 60 and is connected to a vertical connection piece 64 of the pressure vessel 1. The sheet metal walls 39, 40, 41 and 42 have, distributed over the height of the shaft, a plurality of expansion folds 66 which are thrown outwards and which have a cross-sectional shape and are supported in approximately triangular connecting pieces 68. On their inside side the expansion folds 66 are bridged by a cover tape 69 welded on one side.

Die Blechwände 39, 40, 41 und 42, die Deckbleche 55, die geneigten Blechwände 39', 42' und das zylindrische Teil 62 sind aussen mit einer Isolierstoffschicht 70 versehen.The sheet metal walls 39, 40, 41 and 42, the cover sheets 55, the inclined sheet metal walls 39 ', 42' and the cylindrical part 62 are provided on the outside with an insulating material layer 70.

An die Verteiler 16 und 17 sind auf deren Unterseite je eine Dehnschlaufe 72 bzw. 73 angeschlossen, die aus je drei parallelen Schenkeln und diesen verbindenden Bögen 74 besteht. Der letzte Schenkel der beiden Dehnschlaufen durchstösst eine der beiden Blechwände 42' und den Druckbehälter 1. Die Schenkel sind an eine nicht gezeichnete Speiseleitung angeschlossen.On the underside of the distributors 16 and 17, an expansion loop 72 and 73 are connected, each of which consists of three parallel legs and arches 74 connecting them. The last leg of the two expansion loops penetrates one of the two sheet metal walls 42 'and the pressure vessel 1. The legs are connected to a feed line, not shown.

Da sich die Blechwände 39, 40, 41 und 42 wegen der Dehnfalten 66 praktisch nicht in Längsrichtung des Wärmeübertragers gegenüber der Behälterwand verschieben, lassen sich Russbläser 78 anbringen, die den Unterteil 3 des Druckbehälters 1 und die Blechwände 39 durchdringen und von denen in Fig. 1 und 4 nur zwei gezeigt sind. Sie können fest, drehbar und/oder in ihrer Längsrichtung verschiebbar angeordnet sein. Solche Russbläser 78 oder auch eine Kugelregenanlage lassen bzw. lässt sich auch im oberen Bereich des Fallschachtes 25 anbringen. Dort spielt das Dehnproblem praktisch keine Rolle.Since the sheet metal walls 39, 40, 41 and 42 practically do not move in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchanger with respect to the container wall due to the expansion folds 66, soot blowers 78 can be attached which penetrate the lower part 3 of the pressure vessel 1 and the sheet metal walls 39 and of which in FIG. 1 and 4 only two are shown. They can be fixed, rotatable and / or displaceable in their longitudinal direction. Sootblowers 78 of this type or a ball rain system can also be fitted in the upper region of the chute 25. The stretching problem plays practically no role there.

Der Wärmeübertrager funktioniert wie folgt:

  • Er wird über die Eintrittsstutzen 7 und 8 mit zu kühlenden, noch feste Verunreinigungen enthaltenden Gasen beschickt. Diese Gase strömen durch den Fallschacht 25 nach unten, an dessen unterem Ende der grösste Teil der festen Teilchen den Dachblechen 27 entlang nach aussen gleitet und in den von den geneigten Blechwänden 39' und 42' gebildeten Trichter fällt. Aus diesem Trichter können die festen Teilchen über den Stutzen 64 des Behälters 1 periodisch, ggf. auch kontinuierlich, abgeführt werden. In der Umlenkkammer 26 werden die im Fallschacht 25 strömenden Gase nach oben umgelenkt, wobei eine zusätzliche Abscheidewirkung erzielt wird. Die nun nur noch Teilchen mit sehr kleiner Sinkgeschwindigkeit enthaltenden Gase strömen durch die Steigschächte 46 und 46' nach oben. Sie verlassen den Wärmeübertrager über die rechteckigen Öffnungen 56 in den Blechwänden 39 und durch die Austrittsstutzen 36 und 37.
The heat exchanger works as follows:
  • It is fed via the inlet connections 7 and 8 with gases to be cooled which still contain solid impurities. These gases flow down through the chute 25, at the lower end of which most of the solid particles slide outwards along the roof panels 27 and fall into the funnels formed by the inclined panel walls 39 'and 42'. The solid particles can be removed periodically, possibly also continuously, from this funnel via the nozzle 64 of the container 1. The gases flowing in the chute 25 are deflected upward in the deflection chamber 26, an additional separation effect being achieved. The gases, which now only contain particles with a very low sinking rate, flow upward through the risers 46 and 46 '. They leave the heat exchanger via the rectangular openings 56 in the sheet metal walls 39 and through the outlet connections 36 and 37.

Im Wärmeübertrager wird fühlbare Wärme der über die Eintrittsstutzen 7 und 8 zugeführten Gase an ein Medium übertragen, das im beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel Wasser bzw. Wasserdampf ist. Das zu verdampfende Wasser gelangt über die Dehnschlaufen 72 und 73 in den Verteiler 16 bzw. 17. Es strömt dann, vorzugsweise im Naturumlauf, durch die vertikalen Rohre des Fallschachtes 25 - dabei mindestens teilweise verdampfend - zu den Sammlern 10 und 11. Über diese Sammler verlässt es den Druckbehälter 1 und gelangt zu einem Wasserabscheider oder zur Trommel eines Trommelkessels. Der im Abscheider bzw. in der Trommel abgeschiedene Dampf wird über die Eintrittskollektoren 38 und 38' den Rohren 48 der Rohrtafeln 47 zugeleitet, in denen er überhitzt wird. Über die Austrittskollektoren 58 und 58' verlässt der Dampf den Druckbehälter 1 und wird nicht gezeichneten Verbrauchern zugeführt.In the heat exchanger, sensible heat of the gases supplied via the inlet connections 7 and 8 is transferred to a medium which, in the exemplary embodiment described, is water or water vapor. The water to be evaporated reaches the distributors 16 and 17 via the expansion loops 72 and 73. It then flows, preferably in natural circulation, through the vertical pipes of the chute 25 - at least partially evaporating - to the collectors 10 and 11. Via these collectors it leaves the pressure vessel 1 and reaches a water separator or the drum of a drum boiler. The vapor separated in the separator or in the drum is fed via the inlet collectors 38 and 38 'to the tubes 48 of the tube sheets 47, in which it is overheated. The steam leaves the pressure vessel 1 via the outlet collectors 58 and 58 'and is supplied to consumers (not shown).

Im Zwischenraum zwischen den geneigten Blechwänden 39' einerseits und dem Unterteil 3 des Druckbehälters 1 andererseits setzen sich praktisch keine festen Teilchen ab. Etwaige geringe Mengen solcher Teilchen können leicht von Hand ausgetragen werden, da dieser Zwischenraum über die Austrittsstutzen 36 und 37 zugänglich ist.In the space between the inclined sheet metal walls 39 'on the one hand and the lower part 3 of the pressure vessel 1 on the other hand, practically no solid particles settle out. Any small amounts of such particles can easily be removed by hand, since this space is accessible via the outlet ports 36 and 37.

Zwecks Wartung des Wärmeübertragers werden das Oberteil 2 und das Unterteil 3 durch Lösen der Verbindung der Flansche 4 und 5 voneinander getrennt. Nachdem je ein Schenkel der Dehnschlaufen 72 und 73 durchschnitten worden ist, wird das Oberteil 2 mitsamt dem an den Sammlern 20 und 11 hängenden Rohrsystem nach oben herausgezogen. Damit wird der vom Fallschacht erfüllt gewesene Raum begehbar, und es lassen sich von diesem Raum her die Steigschächte 46 und 46' sowie die Rohrtafeln 47 leicht inspizieren und Wartungsarbeiten ausführen. Will man auch in den Fallschacht 25 Einblick nehmen, so lassen sich die Stege 24 zwischen den beiden äussersten Rohren der Rohrreihe 12 einerseits und den beiden Rohren 20 andererseits in Längsrichtung aufschneiden, so dass der Fallschacht 25 sich wie die Schale einer Auster auseinanderspreizen lässt. Die untereinander nicht verbundenen Rohre der Rohrreihen 12 und 15 lassen sich auseinanderbiegen, so dass auch die Innenseiten der aus den Rohrreihen 13 und 14 gebildeten Längswände des Fallschachtes 25 inspiziert werden können.For the maintenance of the heat exchanger, the upper part 2 and the lower part 3 are separated from one another by loosening the connection of the flanges 4 and 5. After one leg of each of the expansion loops 72 and 73 has been cut through, the upper part 2 together with the pipe system hanging from the collectors 20 and 11 is pulled upwards. This makes the space filled by the chute accessible, and the risers 46 and 46 'and the tube panels 47 can be easily inspected and maintenance work carried out from this space. If one also wants to take a look into the chute 25, the webs 24 between the two outermost tubes of the tube row 12 on the one hand and the two tubes 20 on the other hand can be cut open in the longitudinal direction, so that the chute 25 can be spread apart like the shell of an oyster. The tubes of the tube rows 12 and 15 which are not connected to one another can be bent apart, so that the inside of the longitudinal walls of the chute 25 formed from the tube rows 13 and 14 can also be inspected.

Abweichend von dem gezeichneten Ausführungsbeispiel kann das Oberteil 2 des Druckbehälters 1 an einem Traggerüst derart aufgehängt sein, dass sich zwecks Revision das Unterteil 3 gegen unten wegbewegen lässt. Das Unterteil 3 wird dabei zweckmässig aus mehreren trennbaren Schüssen gebildet, damit das Traggerüst weniger hoch gebaut werden muss. Vorzugsweise werden dabei in den einzelnen Schüssen diesen zugeordnete, voneinander getrennte Heizflächen angeordnet, so dass zur Demontage des Wärmeübertragers innerhalb des Druckbehälters zwischen den Schüssen keine Rohrverbindungen gelöst werden müssen.In a departure from the exemplary embodiment shown, the upper part 2 of the pressure vessel 1 can be suspended from a supporting frame in such a way that the lower part 3 can be moved away towards the bottom for the purpose of revision. The lower part 3 is expediently formed from several separable shots so that the supporting structure does not have to be built as high. In this case, separate, separate heating surfaces are preferably arranged in the individual sections, so that no pipe connections have to be loosened between the sections to dismantle the heat exchanger within the pressure vessel.

Alternativ können die Austrittsstutzen 36 und 37 auch im unteren Abschnitt des Unterteils 3 angebracht werden. Insbesondere im Kombination mit einer solchen Anordnung können dann die Deckbleche 55 mit ihrer Isolation 70 und die Öffnungen 56 in den Blechwänden 39 weggelassen werden, so dass die gekühlten Gase aus den Steigschächten 46 und 46' nach oben ausströmen, wobei der Druckbehälter 1 als Ganzes gleichmässiger erwärmt wird.Alternatively, the outlet connections 36 and 37 can also be attached in the lower section of the lower part 3. In particular in combination with such an arrangement, the cover plates 55 with their insulation 70 and the openings 56 in the sheet metal walls 39 can then be omitted, so that the cooled gases flow out of the risers 46 and 46 ', the pressure vessel 1 as a whole being more uniform is heated.

Anstelle der seitlichen Wasserzufuhr zu den Verteilern 16 und 17 ist es auch möglich, das Wasser oder ein anderes Medium über eine oder mehrere, innerhalb des Druckbehälters 1 angeordnete und das Oberteil durchdringende Falleitung(en) zuzuführen.Instead of the lateral water supply to the distributors 16 and 17, it is also possible to supply the water or another medium via one or more downpipes arranged within the pressure vessel 1 and penetrating the upper part.

Claims (8)

1. A heat exchanger for cooling gases, such as synthesis gas, contaminated with solid particles, comprising a down shaft (25) having heat-exchange surfaces and disposed in a cylindrical pressure vessel (1) and at least one riser shaft (46) having additional heat-exchange surfaces, the walls of the riser shaft surrounding the walls of the down shaft and an emptyable redirection chamber (26) being disposed at the bottom end of the shafts, characterised in that the pressure vessel (1) comprises a top part (2) and a bottom part (3) connectable in gas-tight manner to the top part, the walls of the riser shaft are suspended from the bottom part, and the walls of the down shaft (25) and all the heating surfaces therein can be pulled out relative to the space enclosed by the riser shaft walls.
2. A heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterised in that the riser shaft walls surround two parallel sections separated from one another by the down shaft.
3. A heat exchanger according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the walls of the down shaft are suspended from the top part of the pressure vessel.
4. A heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the walls of the down shaft comprise evaporator tubes connected to one another in sealing-tight manner.
5. A heat exchanger according to Claim 4, characterised in that the evaporator tubes are connected at their bottom end to at least one inlet header, connected via a flexible pipe portion to a feed pipe extending through the riser shaft wall and the vessel wall.
6. A heat exchanger according to Claim 5, characterised in that the down shaft has tubes forming partition walls, the bottom ends of which are likewise connected to the inlet header.
7. A heat exchanger according to Claim 4, comprising two inlet headers and two outlet headers, characterised in that the tubes forming the walls of the down shaft and the partition walls are divided into two groups and one group is connected to one inlet header and one outlet header and the other group is connected to the other inlet header and the other outlet header.
8. A heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the walls of the riser shaft are made flexible so as to absorb vertical heat expansion differing from that of the pressure vessel wall and are connected at fixed heights to the pressure vessel wall at a number of places distributed vertically up the pressure vessel.
EP82101426A 1982-02-03 1982-02-25 Heat-transfer apparatus for cooling gases contaminated with particles Expired EP0085131B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH646/82 1982-02-03
CH646/82A CH656952A5 (en) 1982-02-03 1982-02-03 HEAT EXCHANGER FOR COOLING GASES POLLUTED WITH SOLID PARTICLES.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0085131A1 EP0085131A1 (en) 1983-08-10
EP0085131B1 true EP0085131B1 (en) 1984-12-27

Family

ID=4191855

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82101426A Expired EP0085131B1 (en) 1982-02-03 1982-02-25 Heat-transfer apparatus for cooling gases contaminated with particles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0085131B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58133592A (en)
CH (1) CH656952A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3261661D1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA829088B (en)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB772991A (en) * 1955-09-07 1957-04-17 La Mont Int Ass Ltd Improvements in and relating to forced recirculation steam generators
FR1161500A (en) * 1956-09-28 1958-09-01 Stein & Roubaix multiple tube bundle heat exchanger
FR1298680A (en) * 1961-08-25 1962-07-13 Waagner Biro Ag Chimney with lining formed by pipes traversed by a cooling fluid
FR1446399A (en) * 1965-06-09 1966-07-22 Stein & Roubaix Improvements to heat exchangers
US3406747A (en) * 1966-01-18 1968-10-22 American Schack Company Inc Heat exchanger having concentric supply and exhaust conduits
GB1532757A (en) * 1977-09-23 1978-11-22 Sulzer Ag Heat exchanger system
DE2940257C2 (en) * 1979-10-04 1984-11-08 Ruhrchemie Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Radiation boiler for cooling a gas stream containing solid and molten particles
CH656637A5 (en) * 1981-10-26 1986-07-15 Sulzer Ag GAS COOLER ARRANGEMENT TO COAL GASIFICATION SYSTEM.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58133592A (en) 1983-08-09
EP0085131A1 (en) 1983-08-10
CH656952A5 (en) 1986-07-31
DE3261661D1 (en) 1985-02-07
JPH0252798B2 (en) 1990-11-14
ZA829088B (en) 1983-09-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0048326B2 (en) Hot-gas cooler for a coal gasification plant
DE2008311B2 (en) HEAT EXCHANGER
EP0366606B1 (en) Hot gas cooler for a coal gasification plant
EP0213380B1 (en) Soot blower
EP0064092B1 (en) Fluidized-bed steam generator
DE2459472C2 (en) GAS HEATED STEAM GENERATOR, IN PARTICULAR FOR NUCLEAR REACTOR PLANTS
DE3141734C2 (en)
DE1596323A1 (en) Synthesis gas generator with gas cooler, which are arranged in a pressure cylinder
EP0085131B1 (en) Heat-transfer apparatus for cooling gases contaminated with particles
EP0619466A2 (en) Steam condenser
DE3538515C2 (en)
CH641552A5 (en) DEVICE FOR COOLING HOT EXHAUST GAS, IN PARTICULAR FROM INDUSTRIAL OVENS.
DE69102879T2 (en) GAS COOLER FOR HEAT TRANSFER BY CONVECTION.
DE69110640T2 (en) Boiler with a supported heat transfer bundle.
EP0140054A2 (en) Installation for the dry guenching of hot coke
DE2748650C2 (en)
EP0097989B1 (en) High pressure feedwater heater disposed upright in a header construction with a desuperheater and a steam-water separator
DE3232794A1 (en) Combustion chamber floor for a fluidised bed furnace
DE2015927C3 (en) Standing high temperature gas heater
DE4221130C2 (en) Water pipe steam generator with vertically arranged field pipes
AT127482B (en) Steam generator or heat exchanger.
DE3908277A1 (en) Erosion protection for heat exchangers
DE932739C (en) Gas warmer
DE7639554U1 (en) HEAT EXCHANGERS, ESPECIALLY WITH HEATING USING DUST GASES
DE2810887A1 (en) Cooler for industrial gas streams - using natural circulation boiler with faller tubes, mounted inside riser tubes exposed to hot gases, passing through collection space

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19820225

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3261661

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19850207

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
ITTA It: last paid annual fee
ITPR It: changes in ownership of a european patent

Owner name: TRASFORMAZIONE SOCIETARIA;SULZER AKTIENGESELLSCHAF

NLT1 Nl: modifications of names registered in virtue of documents presented to the patent office pursuant to art. 16 a, paragraph 1

Owner name: SULZER AG TE WINTERTHUR, ZWITSERLAND.

NLS Nl: assignments of ep-patents

Owner name: ABB MANAGEMENT AG TE BADEN, ZWITSERLAND.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TP

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: CD

BECH Be: change of holder

Free format text: 940420 *ABB MANAGEMENT LTD

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19970113

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19970114

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19970116

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19970124

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19970130

Year of fee payment: 16

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980225

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19980228

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980228

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: ABB MANAGEMENT LTD

Effective date: 19980228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980901

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19980225

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19980901

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19981103

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST