EP0085125B1 - Gebundene Carbidmischungen und Verfahren ihrer Herstellung - Google Patents

Gebundene Carbidmischungen und Verfahren ihrer Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0085125B1
EP0085125B1 EP82100684A EP82100684A EP0085125B1 EP 0085125 B1 EP0085125 B1 EP 0085125B1 EP 82100684 A EP82100684 A EP 82100684A EP 82100684 A EP82100684 A EP 82100684A EP 0085125 B1 EP0085125 B1 EP 0085125B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite
compositions
carbide
carbon
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82100684A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0085125A1 (de
Inventor
Roy Carl Lueth
Thomas Eugene Hale
Warren Craig Yohe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carboloy Inc
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to ZA00818744A priority Critical patent/ZA818744B/xx
Priority to AU78731/81A priority patent/AU553700B2/en
Priority to JP56208256A priority patent/JPS58110655A/ja
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to EP82100684A priority patent/EP0085125B1/de
Priority to DE8282100684T priority patent/DE3272955D1/de
Priority to AT82100684T priority patent/ATE21939T1/de
Priority to CA000397737A priority patent/CA1194893A/en
Publication of EP0085125A1 publication Critical patent/EP0085125A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0085125B1 publication Critical patent/EP0085125B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware

Definitions

  • compositions X7503-86 and X7503-86A had relatively low nickel additions and relatively high carbon additions. These compositions had a fracture toughness (K, c ) which was inferior to that of comparable commerical grade WC-Co. i.e., Grade 55B and Grade 268.
  • compositions X7503-86G and X7503-86H in which the nickel addition was in excess of 40% and the carbon was eliminated showed fracture toughness and abrasion resistance which were lower. Because abrasion resistance is equally as important as is fracture toughness to suitability of compositions for rock drilling, these compositions, even though equal or superior to commercial Grades 55B and 268 in fracture toughness, were inferior.
  • Tungsten carbide sample compositions all consisting of 88% by weight of tungsten carbide and 12% by weight of binder matrix were prepared. Their physical properties were determined and were compared with designated standard commercial grades of WC-Co compositions, as follows:
  • the metallic alloy comprises and may consist of from about 5 to about 50% by weight nickel with the remainder or balance being iron apart from impurities. Within the foregoing proportions, such alloys may provide substantial improvement of, in particular, the critical property of fracture toughness.
  • the alloy should contain a sufficient amount of carbon to avoid the formation of carbon deficient phases. Generally, no more than about 2% carbon by alloy weight will be present. An excess of carbon, sufficient to produce a C-2 or above rating per ASTM specification B-276 should be avoided also. Such an excess may reduce the desirable performance characteristic of the composition.
  • This carbon performs several functions in the alloy. Most importantly, it may be utilized to avoid the formation of harmful double carbides of, for example, iron with the tungsten. Such double carbides are generally quite brittle and therefore also detract from important properties of the composition.
  • the alloy of the binder matrix additionally contains manganese, desirably from about 5 to about 20% by weight.
  • This metal component has been discovered to be especially advantageous in the foregoing alloys where they contain about 5 to about 30% by weight nickel.
  • the present cemented carbide compositions may be employed in any necessary shape and prepared by standard cemented carbide manufacturing techniques.
  • the separate alloy components generally in finely powdered form
  • the admixture may then simply be pressed or molded into the desired shape.
  • These steps are usually performed in the presence of a lubricant such as paraffin or polyethylene glycol which can subsequently be substantially removed.
  • the molded components can be sintered by any standard carbide sintering technique known to one skilled in the art. Upon cooling, this yields an integral compact suitable for initial use.
  • compositions containing manganese it is preferred to heat them in hydrogen or other reducing gas to the liquidus temperature of the binder and then complete the sintering in an inert or reducing gas. This is done to keep the loss of manganese from the composition to a minimum.
  • strain-induced transformation is believed to cause the present composition to exhibit a hardened surface, which enhances the wear resistance, while retaining a tough core of austenitic alloy matrix to resist breaking.
  • the requisite cold working (or strain hardening) for the partial alloy transformation will take place under the conditions of use of the cemented carbide composition in, for example, rock drilling.
  • the presence of manganese in the subject alloys has an especially significant effect on this phenomenon.
  • the manganese provides a highly desirable hardening transformation when the matrix binder is subjected to plastic deformation, such as that resulting from high applied stress. Work hardening is localized at the outer surface region of the composition, where the stress is applied. Consequently, the overall toughness of the product is maintained.
  • tungsten carbide sample compositions were prepared containing from 84 to 85% by weight of tungsten carbide and 15 to 16% by weight of binder matrix. These samples contained differing alloy constituents. Their physical properties were determined and were compared with the standard commercial grades of tungsten carbide-cobalt binder (WC-Co). as follows:
  • compositions of this invention showed significant improvement in abrasive resistance and fraction toughness.
  • combination of properties exhibited by those compositions having iron/nickel/ manganese/carbon alloy binders were particularly desirable are shown in Figure 2.
  • a hardness profile was determined on inserts used for drilling rock for each of the following:
  • both samples of the present invention show bases for their substantial improvement over standard grades of cobalt-bound compositions.
  • samples X7800-302G and X7800-301Aa exhibited the highest degree of work hardening. This localized surface superiority translated directly into improved wear resistance, particularly under high applied stress.
  • compositions of the present invention exhibited relatively higher overall toughness than ones bound with a conventiorial cobalt matrix.
  • Figure 2 also shows the superiority of various of the present compositions. There the relative fracture toughness and abrasion resistance for the sample and commercial compositions of Example II are depicted. It may be seen from Fig. 2 that the properties of the present compositions are superior to those of conventional tungsten carbide-cobalt ones.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Gebundene Carbidmischung, enthaltend feuerfeste Teilchen, enthaltend Wolframcarbid und gegebenenfalls Zusätze von Titancarbid, Tantalcarbid und/oder anderen feuerfesten Materialien innerhalb einer metallischen Bindemittelgrundmasse, worin die Grundmasse zwischen 3 und 20 Gewichtsprozent der Mischung ausmacht und aus zwischen 5 und 50% Nikkel, einer Menge von bis zu 2% Kohlenstoff, ausreichend zur Vermeidung der Bildung eines schädlichen Kohlenstoffmangels oder von Überschußphasen und, abgesehen von Verunreinigungen, einem aus Eisen bestehenden Rest, besteht.
2. Gebundene Carbidmischung, enthaltend feuerfeste Teilchen, enthaltend Wolframcarbid und gegebenenfalls Zusätze von Titancarbid, Tantalcarbid und/oder anderen feuerfesten Materialien innerhalb einer metallischen Bindemittelgrundmasse, worin die Grundmasse zwischen 3 und 20 Gewichtsprozent der Mischung ausmacht und aus zwischen 5 bis etwa 30% Nickel, 5 bis 20% Mangan, einer Menge von bis zu 2% Kohlenstoff, aureichend zur Vermeidung der Bildung eines schädlichen Kohlenstoffmangels oder von Überschußphasen und, abgesehen von Verunreinigungen, einem aus Eisen bestehenden Rest, besteht.
3. Mischung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mischung eine austenitische Grundmasse aufweist, die sich an der Oberfläche bei angewandter Beanspruchung partiell in Martensit umwandelt.
4. Verfahren zum Bohren durch Gestein mit einem Werkzeug aus gebundenem Carbid, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Werkzeug aus der gebundenen Carbidmischung gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche besteht.
5. Verfahren zur Herstellung der Mischung gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man
(a) eine gepulverte Mischung der feuerfesten Teilchen und der metallischen Legierung herstellt,
(b) die Mischung zur Herstellung eines integralen, gesinterten Preßlings ausreichend erwärmt und unter Druck setzt,
(c) den Preßling kühlt, und
(d) den Preßling einer hohen angewandten Beanspruchung unterwirft, um die Bildung von Martensit in der Oberflächenschicht der Mischung einzuschließen.
EP82100684A 1982-02-01 1982-02-01 Gebundene Carbidmischungen und Verfahren ihrer Herstellung Expired EP0085125B1 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA00818744A ZA818744B (en) 1982-02-01 1981-12-17 Cemented carbide compositions
AU78731/81A AU553700B2 (en) 1982-02-01 1981-12-22 Cemented carbide compositions
JP56208256A JPS58110655A (ja) 1982-02-01 1981-12-24 超硬合金組成物およびその製法
EP82100684A EP0085125B1 (de) 1982-02-01 1982-02-01 Gebundene Carbidmischungen und Verfahren ihrer Herstellung
DE8282100684T DE3272955D1 (en) 1982-02-01 1982-02-01 Cemented carbide compositions and process for making such compositions
AT82100684T ATE21939T1 (de) 1982-02-01 1982-02-01 Gebundene carbidmischungen und verfahren ihrer herstellung.
CA000397737A CA1194893A (en) 1982-02-01 1982-03-05 Cemented carbide compositions

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP82100684A EP0085125B1 (de) 1982-02-01 1982-02-01 Gebundene Carbidmischungen und Verfahren ihrer Herstellung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0085125A1 EP0085125A1 (de) 1983-08-10
EP0085125B1 true EP0085125B1 (de) 1986-09-03

Family

ID=8188850

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82100684A Expired EP0085125B1 (de) 1982-02-01 1982-02-01 Gebundene Carbidmischungen und Verfahren ihrer Herstellung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0085125B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58110655A (de)
AT (1) ATE21939T1 (de)
AU (1) AU553700B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1194893A (de)
DE (1) DE3272955D1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA818744B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7556668B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2009-07-07 Baker Hughes Incorporated Consolidated hard materials, methods of manufacture, and applications

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5913095A (en) * 1997-08-25 1999-06-15 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Image forming apparatus
US8323372B1 (en) 2000-01-31 2012-12-04 Smith International, Inc. Low coefficient of thermal expansion cermet compositions
SE521488C2 (sv) * 2000-12-22 2003-11-04 Seco Tools Ab Belagt skär med järn-nickel-baserad bindefas
AT7056U1 (de) * 2003-12-22 2004-09-27 Ceratizit Austria Gmbh Verwendung einer hartmetalllegierung für werkzeuge
WO2018025848A1 (ja) 2016-08-01 2018-02-08 日立金属株式会社 超硬合金及びその製造方法、並びに圧延ロール
AT522605B1 (de) * 2019-05-23 2021-02-15 Boehlerit Gmbh & Co Kg Hartmetalleinsatz

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1813533B1 (de) * 1968-12-09 1970-10-15 Chromalloy American Co Kaltverfestigbarer,hitzebestaendiger Werkzeughartstahl und seine Verwendung fuer Einsaetze in Schlag- und Stosswerkzeuge
US3698878A (en) * 1969-12-29 1972-10-17 Gen Electric Sintered tungsten carbide-base alloys
US3816081A (en) * 1973-01-26 1974-06-11 Gen Electric ABRASION RESISTANT CEMENTED TUNGSTEN CARBIDE BONDED WITH Fe-C-Ni-Co
CA1090523A (en) * 1976-04-26 1980-12-02 David Moskowitz Abrasion resistant iron-nickel bonded tungsten carbide
US4339272A (en) * 1979-06-29 1982-07-13 National Research Development Corporation Tungsten carbide-based hard metals

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7556668B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2009-07-07 Baker Hughes Incorporated Consolidated hard materials, methods of manufacture, and applications
US7691173B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2010-04-06 Baker Hughes Incorporated Consolidated hard materials, earth-boring rotary drill bits including such hard materials, and methods of forming such hard materials
US7829013B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2010-11-09 Baker Hughes Incorporated Components of earth-boring tools including sintered composite materials and methods of forming such components
US9109413B2 (en) 2001-12-05 2015-08-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Methods of forming components and portions of earth-boring tools including sintered composite materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3272955D1 (en) 1986-10-09
JPS58110655A (ja) 1983-07-01
AU553700B2 (en) 1986-07-24
AU7873181A (en) 1983-06-30
EP0085125A1 (de) 1983-08-10
CA1194893A (en) 1985-10-08
ATE21939T1 (de) 1986-09-15
ZA818744B (en) 1982-12-30

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