EP0085054B1 - Device for fragmenting, compacting and discharging of voluminous bulk goods, in particular household waste - Google Patents
Device for fragmenting, compacting and discharging of voluminous bulk goods, in particular household waste Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0085054B1 EP0085054B1 EP19820900842 EP82900842A EP0085054B1 EP 0085054 B1 EP0085054 B1 EP 0085054B1 EP 19820900842 EP19820900842 EP 19820900842 EP 82900842 A EP82900842 A EP 82900842A EP 0085054 B1 EP0085054 B1 EP 0085054B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- rings
- shovel
- bulk goods
- centre
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
- B30B9/3003—Details
- B30B9/3035—Means for conditioning the material to be pressed, e.g. paper shredding means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to constructions for handling and forwarding voluminous bulk goods, in particular household waste and refuse.
- a device known on the market for handling household waste comprises a so-called sack-changer with a compactor.
- the sack-changer is available in different designs, of which the so-called carousel changer is commonly used. It consists of a frame which is stepwise rotatable around a vertical shaft, said frame having holders for a number of sacks which by stepwise rotating the frame, one by one can be placed into a position below the opening of the disposal shute.
- the frame is rotated one step so that the filled sack is brought into a position below a compactor, comprising a plunger by means of which the content of the sack is compacted to approximately half its volume.
- the frame is then rotated back into position under the shute.
- the sack is completely filled the frame is rotated one step in order to bring an empty sack into position under the opening of the disposal shute.
- a disadvantage of the above sack-changer with compactor is that due to its constructional height it requires a relatively high ceiling height in the waste-disposal room, which makes it less suitable for installation in older buildings with insufficient ceiling height in the waste disposal room. Even if the constructional height is made sufficiently low, the sacks have to be transported from the sack-changer manually, which according to the present workers protection standards is not accepted in waste-disposal rooms with a ceiling height less than 2.1 m.
- the sacks filled with their compacted content are heavy and difficult to manage and therefore, if the waste-disposal room is located below ground level, a so-called stair lift is required, by means of which the sacks or waggon with sacks are transported along the stairs up to the ground floor for further transportation.
- waste-screw is used.
- the waste is transported .from the shute opening in a drum of steelplate by means of a motor driven, rotating shaftless steel spiral to a central collecting station within the area, where the waste is compacted in a closed container.
- waste-screw requires extensive installation work including locating below ground level of a pipe including a spiral.
- the installation of the waste-screw is thus quive costly and is most suitable for installation in connection with new building of residential blocks or block complexes.
- waste suction unit which means that the waste is transported by air in a closed system to a collecting station where the waste is compacted in a container.
- the pipes in this waste structure are usually about 400 mm in diameter, but if the waste suction unit is combined with grinders, which are disposed under each shute, and which grinds the waste, a pipe having a diameter of 160 mm is sufficient.
- the combination of waste suction unit and grinder is often called a miniwaste suction unit and is due to its size suitable for installation in older buildings.
- the miniwaste suction unit which due to its smaller size is more advantageous from an installation point of view, requires, however, more maintenance work in order to function satisfactorily.
- the cutting blade of the waste grinder is exposed to much strain and has to be replaced often. In the waste grinder waste is crushed, but no compacting is effected.
- DE-A-2 412 065 discloses a device for compacting and discharging bulk material as specified in the introductory part of the appended claim 1. in this known apparatus there is a considerable risk that the bulk material which by gravitational force is fed in the vertical direction, only is subjected to a compacting operation, which may result in a compacted, conical plug, stopping further feeding of material through the apparatus.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a device for fragmenting, compacting and discharging of voluminous bulk goods in particular household waste and refuse, avoiding or lessening the above mentioned disadvantages of the known devices, and which fragments, compacts and discharges bulk goods, is simple in construction and has a low constructional height and is therefore well suited for installation in waste-disposal rooms having a low ceiling height.
- the device shown in the drawings consists of a frame 1 e.g. in the form of a steel construction of plating or a square tube etc.
- a circular, cylindrical, essentially vertical feeding shaft 2 In the top of the frame is fastened a circular, cylindrical, essentially vertical feeding shaft 2 with an inner diameter corresponding to the diameter of the mouth of a connected waste shute 3, preferably somewhat larger, enabling the waste shute to protrude a short distance into the feeding shaft 2.
- rings 4-8 Vertically under the feeding shaft there are mounted a number of rings 4-8, provided with shovel formed, inwardly protruding parts 10A-E, and arranged so that, on relative rotational movement of the rings around a geometrical axis substantial coaxial with the geometrical axis of the feeding shaft, the rings will affect bulk goods, which is fed by gravitation, through the rings, towards the central parts of the rings, at the same time fractioning the bulk goods by interaction between the shovel-like parts of the oppositely rotating rings.
- Rings 4-8 can be mounted for rotation in opposite directions to each other, but as shown in the preferred embodiment according to Figure 1, every second ring 5, 7 is fixed to the frame 1 and every second ring 4, 6 and 8 is rotatable.
- Ring 4 Disposed immediately under the feeding shaft 2 is a rotatable ring 4, supported by the ring 5 which is attached to the frame.
- Ring 4 consists of a circular cylindrical casing 9 and a horizontal top plate 10A, which forms an annular flange; which rests upon and is attached to a shoulder of a circular cylindrical support profile 11 surrounding the ring.
- Support profile 11 has on the outside been provided with grooves 12 for a V belt which is part of a drive transmission for the rotation of the ring.
- the ring 4 is provided with a shovel formed portion 10A protruding towards the middle of the ring and occupying a part of the surface enclosed by the ring and having a shovel surface 14 facing the centre axis of the ring 4 and preferably having a curvature as in the so-called Archimedes spiral i.e. having an inwardly decreasing radius.
- the dimensions of the shovel formed portion 10A are growing radially towards the middle of the ring as seen in a direction opposite the rotational direction of the ring 4, as marked with an arrow in Fig. 3.
- the portion 10A which protrudes towards the center of the ring thus delimits an excentric opening through the ring, the restricting walls of which extend in parallel to the rotational axis of the ring, the excentric opening having a cross section which is at least partly enclosed by an arched line, the radius of which decreases towards the centre of the ring.
- the shovel surface 14 defines a passage, free of obstacles, through the ring 4, as is marked by a dotted circular line in Fig. 4.
- Both of the other rotatable rings 6 and 8 are constructed in a manner corresponding to that described in connection with ring 4.
- Ring 6 thus includes, as particularly appears from the schematic Fig. 6, a shovel formed portion 10C protruding towards the centre of the ring and having a shovel surface 15.
- the essential difference in comparison to the ring 4 is that the shovel-formed portion 10C protrudes further into the centre of ring 6 compared to the corresponding portion 10A of the ring 4.
- shovel formed part 10C defines a passage without obstructions, as marked with the dotted circle-line in Fig. 6, which is less than the equivalent free passage through the ring 4.
- ring 8 as appears from the schematic Fig.
- the fixed ring 5 is constructed in a similar manner as the rotatable rings previously described, but differs, however, partly in that the supporting profile 18 which surrounds the ring does not have any grooves for V-ropes, partly in that the shovel formed portion 20 of the ring, has a design substantially mirror-reversed compared to the shovel formed partion 10A of ring 4, as particularly appears from the schematic Fig. 4.
- the dimensions of the shovel formed portion 10B are thus decreasing towards the centre of the ring as seen in a direction opposite the rotational direction of the rotatable ring.
- the shovel formed portion 10B is designed with a shovel surface 20 facing the centre axis of the ring, said shovel surface extending from the periphery of the ring in a concave curvature towards the centre of the ring, preferably in a curvature correspoding to a so-called Archimedes spiral.
- the shovel formed portion 108 protrudes a bit further towards the centre of the ring than the corresponding shovel formed portion 10A of ring 4.
- Ring 7 which is fixedly attached to the frame 1 and supports the rotatable ring 6, is designed in a corresponding manner as the previously described fixed ring 5.
- the shovel formed portion of ring 7 protrudes a bit further towards the centre of the ring than the corresponding portion of the rotatable ring 6 disposed above.
- the lowermost rotatable ring 8 is supported by a supporting ring 22 attached to a bottom 19 which is fixed to the frame and includes a central discharge-opening 23 for discharging of bulk goods fragmented by the rings.
- the opening 23 may have a form which basically corresponds to the form of the free opening in ring 8.
- the supporting profile 11, 18, of the rings 4-8 protrudes above the upper plate 10 of the rings, whereas the bottom edge of the circular shells 9 of the rings extends below the upper surface of the support profile 11, 18 for the next ring.
- the labyrinth like passage thus formed at the lower, peripheral part of the ring contributes effectively to prevent bulk goods particles from penetrating into the surroundings.
- the propulsion for simultaneous rotation of the rotatable rings is effected by a drive motor not shown in the figures via a drive transmission.
- the drive transmission comprises three vertical shafts 34, 35 and 36 journalled in the frame and, seen from above, disposed in the corner of an equally sided triangle.
- Three V-belt pulleys are mounted on each of the shafts and are situated just opposite the respective rotatable ring.
- Preferably two of the shafts are connected each with its own drive motor. As appears from Fig.
- the shafts 34, 35 and 36 are situated such a distance from the rotational axis of the rings that the V belts 37 engage with the V-belt grooves 12 in each respective ring with a certain dimensional angle, which should be sufficient for transferring the propulsive moment to the ring.
- the traction forces of the V-belt thereby has a radial component force, which affects the rings on three sides and contributes to the centration of the rings.
- the rings are driven for rotation counter-clockwise as shown by the arrow in Fig. 4, 6, 8 and 10.
- the bottom 19 disposed below the lowermost rotatable ring 8 forms by means of its opening 23 a connection between the rings and a chamber 24 disposed under the bottom 19, said chamber preferably being formed as a cylinder with a substantially horizontal axis and opening into the discharge pipe 26.
- a plunger device 25 Disposed in the cylindrical chamber 24 is a plunger device 25 which is moveable in the cylinder 24 in the longitudinal direction thereof between a rear position indicated by continuous lines, in which the opening 23 is completely exposed for feeding a string of fractioned bulk goods through said opening, and a forward position in which the front of the plunger device is situated on the opposite side of opening 23, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1.
- the reciprocating movement of the plunger device in the cylinder 24 is achieved executed by means of a driving device disposed under the cylindrical chamber and consisting of an electric motor 31 with an angular gear 32.
- the output shaft of the gear supports a crank arm 33, which at one end is flexibly attached to a linking device 28, and which at the other end is flexibly attached to the plunger device 25, at the rear end thereof, via link fittings 27.
- a driving device disposed under the cylindrical chamber and consisting of an electric motor 31 with an angular gear 32.
- the output shaft of the gear supports a crank arm 33, which at one end is flexibly attached to a linking device 28, and which at the other end is flexibly attached to the plunger device 25, at the rear end thereof, via link fittings 27.
- the plunger device consists of a horizontal flat bar 25A and a vertical flat bar 25B having a width, which with a suitable play corresponds to the inner diameter of cylinder 24.
- the cross section of the plunger device thus has the form of a cross as shown in Fig. 3.
- two scraping washers 29 are attached to the cylinder.
- the scraping washers 29 are located immediately behind the rear edge of opening 23 and have as an object to prevent fragments of bulk goods and particles from following the plunger on its return stroke.
- two scraping washers 30 are arranged in a similar manner, said scraping washers being attached to the bottom of the horizontal flat bar 25A of the plunger device between this and the vertical flat bar 25B.
- the purpose of the scraping washers 30 is to keep the bottom of the cylinder free from bulk goods fragments and particles by scraping action during forward movement of the plunger.
- the scraping washers 29 and 30 are thus shaped as circle quadrants and are provided with self adjusting boarder linings; not shown in the figure, forfitting-up against the plunger and the cylinder respectively.
- bulk goods is thus fed into the discharge tube 26 while simultaneously being compacted. Thanks to the above described design of the plunger, it does not need to cut off the string of bulk goods during each feeding movement of the plunger, which would have been the case if the working surface of the plunger against the bulk goods would have been entirely circular.
- the driving means for the plunger device may be dimensioned for significantly lower power demand, which also considerably decreases the wear of the plunger and cylinder.
- the upper, vertical protruding part of the plunger device 25 cuts through the string of bulk goods.
- the plunger device illustrated in the figures is mechanically driven but, of course, hydraulic or pneumatic plunger devices which bring about a linear reciprocating feeding movement may be used as well.
- the household waste which is charged into the feeding shaft 2 from the waste shute 3, is affected by the shovel formed portion 10A protruding from the first ring 4 towards the centre of the ring.
- the bulk goods is thereby affected partly in the direction of the centre of the ring, partly, due to the gravitational forces, in axial direction downwards.
- the bulk goods is thereby brought into contact with the shovel surface 20 in the fixed ring 5 situated below ring 4.
- the bulk goods is torn into rags i.e. fractioned and in this ring also forced partly towards the centre of the ring and partly in axial direction towards the following rotating ring.
- the device according to the invention can be produced at a moderate cost and is, due to its compact construction, well suited for installation in narrow spaces.
- the transport pipes for the compacted household waste can be kept relatively small, which is advantageous for the installation and tubing.
- the invention as described above with reference to the drawings, is not limited to this, but can be subject to variations within the scope of the following claims.
- the curved surfaces of the shovel formed portions may thus be provided with an edge or a toothing for further improving the fractionation.
- the number of rings may also vary depending on-the type of bulk goods to be treated in the device and depending on the desired extent of compacting.
- the invention limited to treatment of household waste and refuse, but may advantageously be used for compacting and feeding other bulk goods e.g. peat or chips.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT82900842T ATE23963T1 (de) | 1981-03-17 | 1982-03-17 | Vorrichtung zum zerstueckeln, zusammenpressen und entladen von sperrguetern, insbesondere hausmuell. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8101680 | 1981-03-17 | ||
SE8101680 | 1981-03-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0085054A1 EP0085054A1 (en) | 1983-08-10 |
EP0085054B1 true EP0085054B1 (en) | 1986-12-03 |
Family
ID=20343354
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19820900842 Expired EP0085054B1 (en) | 1981-03-17 | 1982-03-17 | Device for fragmenting, compacting and discharging of voluminous bulk goods, in particular household waste |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0085054B1 (da) |
DE (1) | DE3274528D1 (da) |
DK (1) | DK150294C (da) |
FI (1) | FI74655C (da) |
WO (1) | WO1982003200A1 (da) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102811926A (zh) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-12-05 | 马里凯普有限公司 | 用于在气动式物料搬运系统中搬运物料的方法和设备 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4208584C2 (de) * | 1992-03-18 | 1994-02-10 | Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh | Leitschacht für eine Ballenpresse |
NL1013085C2 (nl) | 1999-09-17 | 2001-03-20 | Skeet Aba Holding B V | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het verkleinen van materiaaldelen. |
BRPI0823345B1 (pt) | 2008-12-18 | 2019-04-02 | Premium Patents Sdn. Bhd | Método e sistema para o transporte de resíduos sólidos de pelo menos uma área de sustentação. |
FI126111B (fi) | 2012-05-07 | 2016-06-30 | Maricap Oy | Menetelmä ja laitteisto materiaalin syöttämiseksi rotaatiomuokkainlaitteeseen |
FI126930B (fi) | 2012-05-07 | 2017-08-15 | Maricap Oy | Menetelmä ja laitteisto materiaalin käsittelemiseksi pneumaattisessa materiaalinkäsittelyjärjestelmässä |
FI125741B (fi) * | 2012-07-02 | 2016-01-29 | Maricap Oy | Menetelmä ja laitteisto materiaalin käsittelemiseksi pneumaattisessa materiaalinkäsittelyjärjestelmässä |
-
1982
- 1982-03-17 WO PCT/SE1982/000073 patent/WO1982003200A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1982-03-17 EP EP19820900842 patent/EP0085054B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-03-17 DE DE8282900842T patent/DE3274528D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-11-15 DK DK508082A patent/DK150294C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-04-15 FI FI831286A patent/FI74655C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102811926A (zh) * | 2010-02-12 | 2012-12-05 | 马里凯普有限公司 | 用于在气动式物料搬运系统中搬运物料的方法和设备 |
CN102811926B (zh) * | 2010-02-12 | 2016-04-06 | 马里凯普有限公司 | 用于在气动式物料搬运系统中搬运物料的方法和设备 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI74655C (fi) | 1988-03-10 |
DK150294C (da) | 1987-11-23 |
WO1982003200A1 (en) | 1982-09-30 |
FI74655B (fi) | 1987-11-30 |
DE3274528D1 (en) | 1987-01-15 |
DK508082A (da) | 1982-11-15 |
FI831286L (fi) | 1983-04-15 |
FI831286A0 (fi) | 1983-04-15 |
EP0085054A1 (en) | 1983-08-10 |
DK150294B (da) | 1987-02-02 |
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