EP0085009A1 - Outside insulation element, and lining comprising such an element - Google Patents

Outside insulation element, and lining comprising such an element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0085009A1
EP0085009A1 EP83400156A EP83400156A EP0085009A1 EP 0085009 A1 EP0085009 A1 EP 0085009A1 EP 83400156 A EP83400156 A EP 83400156A EP 83400156 A EP83400156 A EP 83400156A EP 0085009 A1 EP0085009 A1 EP 0085009A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
elements
panel
element according
edges
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Granted
Application number
EP83400156A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0085009B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Reneault
Francis Ovaert
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SMAC SAS
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SMAC SAS
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Priority to AT83400156T priority Critical patent/ATE19123T1/en
Publication of EP0085009A1 publication Critical patent/EP0085009A1/en
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Publication of EP0085009B1 publication Critical patent/EP0085009B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/007—Outer coverings for walls with ventilating means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0889—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections

Definitions

  • a process known as clothing which uses semi-finished elements comprising a metal facing intended to be fixed to the wall, which maintains and protects a thermal insulating panel separate from this. facing by ribs or a framework providing ventilation air spaces.
  • the facing which provides both mechanical strength, surface protection and sealing against rainwater, is in fact substantially impermeable, so that an important problem is posed by the condensation of water vapor on him in cold period and the evacuation of this water. Air knives reduce this condensation but increase the thickness of the element. Furthermore, the appearance of the facing is often sensitive to shocks.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by providing an insulating element which eliminates the problem of condensation while being easy to install, and of a relatively low cost price.
  • the subject of this invention is in fact a external insulation element, which comprises a rectangular panel made of a thermally insulating material, having good mechanical resistance and retaining good thermal performance in a humid atmosphere, one of the faces of which is coated, while its edges each have a groove longitudinal and have, in the vicinity of the face opposite to the covering, a length greater than that of the face provided with the covering, so that each wafer can come into tight contact with the wafer of an adjacent element but that the grooves always remain open between the elements on the coated side.
  • the panel is made of an extruded or expanded polystyrene foam.
  • the element thus produced has a favorable permeability ratio since the coating can be a permeable coating, while the thermally insulating panel resists the passage of water vapor. The condensation effect is eliminated, while the manufacture of the element is simplified.
  • a flexible, double-sided foam sealing and spacing seal is mounted on two adjacent sections of the element.
  • the insulating panel comprises on two adjacent sides, a lateral extension, in the vicinity of the face opposite to the covering.
  • the shape of the element thus produced allows an easy and immediate assembly of a certain number of elements side by side and one above the other.
  • the section and the position of the grooves of the slices prevent true nesting and spare open joints on the face formed by the coating.
  • the invention also extends to an external coating produced by means of such elements, arranged in a superposition of rows of elements side by side, the edges of which are in sealed contact only in the vicinity of the face opposite to the coating, but are spaced apart on the face provided with this coating, their grooves forming decompression chambers in communication with the outside, and fixing means on a front wall.
  • the coating is therefore perfectly waterproof to the right of the front wall, while it is open on the opposite face and the grooves ensure a capillary cut, which allows the evacuation of the condensation water by preventing penetration. outdoor humidity.
  • the element shown in FIG. 1 comprises a panel 1 of generally rectangular shape, made of a thermally insulating material, having a low coefficient of conductivity and above all a good constancy of these thermal performances, even in a humid atmosphere, and good mechanical resistance, in particular to punching and compression.
  • this panel 1 is made of an extruded or expanded polystyrene foam.
  • This panel 1 is coated with a pasty coating 2 based on mineral resins, fillers and aggregates, which has excellent impact resistance and good resistance to runoff water.
  • This coating is, for example, a thick plastic coating or a mixture of mineral aggregates and acrylic or acrylovinyl resins loaded, which can be deposited in the factory by spraying, spreading, trowelling or other similar process.
  • each of the edges 4 or 6 of the panel 1 has a longitudinal groove 8, 10.
  • This groove can be open laterally and constitute a rebate 8 or be delimited by two ribs, 11 and 12 respectively.
  • the panel 1 comprises, on two opposite edges 4, two rebates 8 and 9, turned in opposite directions and, in the other two edges 6, a central groove 10.
  • a seal 14 is placed on the periphery of the panel 1, on two adjacent edges 4 and 6 thereof, in the vicinity of the flat face 16 opposite the coating 2.
  • the seal 14 is preferably made up by a flat strip made of a flexible material, such as an airtight and water-tight foam material, and is adhesive on its two opposite faces. This joint is glued to the edge 4 or 6 and allows the assembly of the element or cladding 20 thus produced with a neighboring element and a superimposed element.
  • the element 20 shown in FIG. 1 is combined with other similar elements, in a succession of superimposed rows.
  • Each of its two rebates 8 and 9 is introduced into the rebate of an upper element and of a lower element, the seal 14 of the lower element 20 being bonded to the edge of the directly upper element 21.
  • the rebates 8 and 9 are also sufficiently deep so that their vertical faces do not come into contact but delimit a decompression chamber 22.
  • the seal 23, open on the face of the element formed by the coating 2 places this decompression chamber 22 in communication with the external atmosphere.
  • the seal 14 closes any communication between this chamber and the opposite face of the elements, that is to say the front wall 18.
  • the faces 16 of the different elements are therefore joined together in a leaktight manner both water and air coming from outside.
  • Each element 20 is also juxtaposed with other elements, for example element 24 of FIG. 2. These elements are tightly connected together by the seal 14 placed on the edge 6 of the element 24 on which the corresponding edge of the element 20 is glued. They are however also kept apart by this same seal 14, so that they do not come into contact with each other and that an open joint 25 is formed on the outer face of the cladding, between the two successive coating coatings.
  • the grooves 10 facing each other form, like the rebates, a decompression chamber 26 which is thus in communication with the atmosphere. On the contrary, against the front wall, the junction is waterproof.
  • the coating is very permeable, the element's permeability ratio is favorable and the problem of condensation no longer arises in the coating produced.
  • All of the insulation elements can be simply glued to the front wall 18, but it can also be held mechanically by staples such as, for example, that shown at 28 in FIG. 2.
  • This clip has a lug 29 for fixing to the wall 18, which is folded at its lower part to form a face 30 for bearing on the edge of the panel rabbet from which two tongues 31 and 32 leave, directed at opposite direction and parallel to the fixing lug 29 on the wall.
  • One, 32, of these tabs is applied against the rebate of a lower panel, while the other, 31, is embedded in the insulating panel of the directly upper element, during the positioning of this last. In this way, each insulating panel is fixed to the wall at several points, which holds the entire element in place, mechanically.
  • the insulation element comprises rebates on its four edges, the opposite rebates being open in the opposite direction, respectively towards the coating 2 and towards the opposite face 16.
  • the central grooves 10 of the vertical sections are thus replaced by rebates 36, 37 capable of coming to fit together.
  • a leaktight spacing and contact means, such as the seal 14, is however provided on one of these vertical sections, in the vicinity of the face 16. Consequently, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, during the juxtaposition of the element 34 with another element 35, the rebates 36 and 37 of the two adjacent elements fit together but the closing of the joint 25 is prohibited, the external parts 38 of the edges, close to the coating 2, being unable to come into contact with each other.
  • decompression grooves 39, 40 are further provided in each of these parts 38 of vertical sections to make the open joint 25 self-draining.
  • the rebates 41 and 42 of the upper and lower horizontal sections are similar to the rebates 8 and 9 of FIGS. 1 and 2. Preferably, however, these sections have an inclined face 43, 44 near the face provided with the coating 2.
  • the inclined faces 43 and 44 are parallel and tilt downward and outward, which facilitates the evacuation of the infliter water or the like.
  • a longitudinal decompression groove 46 is provided in the lower inclined face 44.
  • a flexible seal such as the seal 14 can be glued to a horizontal edge and a vertical edge of the element 34.
  • the members spacers are preferably in one piece with the insulating panel.
  • the spacer member is constituted by a simple lateral extension 48 of the internal part, or side of the facade wall, of the insulating panel, which gives the rebate 37 a depth greater than that of the rebate 36, and at the face 16 a width greater than that of the opposite face.
  • the sealing and spacing member of the horizontal section is an extension of the insulating panel in the vicinity of the face 16 which gives this face 16 a height greater than that of the covering.
  • This extension in height forms on the lower edge, in the case of FIGS. 3 and 4, a rib 50 whose height corresponds to the desired opening for the open joint 23.
  • the rib 50 has a width sufficient to ensure close contact between the element 54 to which it belongs and the element 34 placed below, but preferably it does not extend over the entire bottom of the rebate 42 and delimits a recess 52 which communicates with the decompression chamber 22.
  • Each fitting is fitted onto the upper edges of the elements 34, 35 of a lower row, its vertical bar 58 resting on the side of the rebate 41 and projecting towards the elements 54 of the superimposed row.
  • Fastening members 60 pass through this vertical bar 58 and the corresponding portion of the insulating panel and are fixed in the wall 18.
  • the coating 2 having no role of mechanical strength to ensure can easily be constituted by a pasty compound of mineral aggregates, deposited in the factory on the panels and adhering closely thereto, which facilitates the production of the element d insulation and allows the use of inexpensive plasters, although ensuring a pleasant appearance on the outer surface of the garment and impact resistance, as well as good resistance to runoff water.
  • Such an insulation element can therefore easily be used, not only in the upper part, but also in the lower part of a building.
  • the insulating material and particularly the extruded polystyrene, is very little permeable to water vapor and liquid water, in some cases it may be preferable to coat the sections 4 and / or 6, which are exposed to rain and ultraviolet, a protective layer or a thin metallic profile, glued.
  • the insulating material although resistant by its very nature to humidity, is thus provided with additional protection.
  • the cost of the insulation element thus produced is however relatively low. Since, moreover, the assembly of the various elements together is particularly simple and does not require specialized labor, the elements can, without drawback, have relatively small dimensions, which makes it possible to use an insulating material with module high elasticity, without increasing the risk of deformation under the effect of thermal shock. In addition, the decompression chambers associated with the joints open towards the outside allow the panels to expand without danger for the resistance of the clothing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The insulating element is formed by a rectangular panel (1) composed of insulating material, such as extruded polystyrene foam whose edges (4, 6) include a longitudinal groove forming a rabbet (8) or a center groove (10). A pasty coating (2) containing mineral particles covers one of the sides of the panel (1) and a flat sealing element (14) is formed on two adjacent edges of the element and permits a rapid and simple assembly of the element with two other respectively juxtaposed and superimposed elements. This sealing element maintains the edges of the elements spaced apart on the outer side of the assembly but closes in a fluidtight manner the side facing the wall to be insulated.

Description

L'isolation par l'extérieur des bâtiments est de plus en plus couramment employée depuis quelques années.Exterior insulation of buildings has been used more and more in recent years.

Elle peut être réalisée, sur place, au moyen d'un panneau isolant qui est collé directement sur la maçonnerie ou fixé mécaniquement, avec une ossature porteuse revêtue d'un parement protecteur. Toutefois, ce procédé présente le gros inconvénient de nécessiter une multiplicité d'opérations qui sont tributaires des conditions climatiques et longues à effectuer.It can be carried out on site by means of an insulating panel which is glued directly to the masonry or mechanically fixed, with a load-bearing framework coated with a protective facing. However, this method has the major drawback of requiring a multiplicity of operations which are dependent on the climatic conditions and which are long to perform.

Il est donc de plus en plus fréquent d'utiliser un procédé connu sous le nom de vêture, qui utilise des éléments semi-finis comportant un parement métallique destiné à être fixé sur la paroi, qui maintient et protège un panneau isolant thermique séparé de ce parement par des nervures ou une ossature ménageant des lames d'air de ventilation. Dans les éléments de ce type le parement, qui assure à la fois la tenue mécanique, la protection de surface et l'étanchéité à l'eau de pluie, est en effet sensiblement imperméable, de sorte qu'un problème important est posé par la condensation de la vapeur d'eau sur lui en période froide et l'évacuation de cette eau. Les lames d'air réduisent cette condensation mais augmentent l'épaisseur de l'élément. Par ailleurs, l'aspect du parement est souvent sensible aux chocs.It is therefore more and more common to use a process known as clothing, which uses semi-finished elements comprising a metal facing intended to be fixed to the wall, which maintains and protects a thermal insulating panel separate from this. facing by ribs or a framework providing ventilation air spaces. In elements of this type, the facing, which provides both mechanical strength, surface protection and sealing against rainwater, is in fact substantially impermeable, so that an important problem is posed by the condensation of water vapor on him in cold period and the evacuation of this water. Air knives reduce this condensation but increase the thickness of the element. Furthermore, the appearance of the facing is often sensitive to shocks.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en réalisant un élément d'isolation qui supprime le problème de la condensation tout en étant facile à mettre en place, et d'un prix de revient relativement faible.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by providing an insulating element which eliminates the problem of condensation while being easy to install, and of a relatively low cost price.

Cette invention a en effet pour objet un élément d'isolation extérieur, qui comporte un panneau rectangulaire en un matériau thermiquement isolant, ayant une bonne résistance mécanique et conservant de bonnes performances thermiques en ambiance humide, dont l'une des faces porte un revêtement, tandis que ses tranches comportent chacune une rainure longitudinale et ont, au voisinage de la face opposée au revêtement, une longueur supérieure à celle de la face munie du revêtement, de sorte que chaque tranche peut entrer en contact étanche avec la tranche d'un élément adjacent mais que les rainures restent toujours ouvertes entre les éléments sur la face revêtue.The subject of this invention is in fact a external insulation element, which comprises a rectangular panel made of a thermally insulating material, having good mechanical resistance and retaining good thermal performance in a humid atmosphere, one of the faces of which is coated, while its edges each have a groove longitudinal and have, in the vicinity of the face opposite to the covering, a length greater than that of the face provided with the covering, so that each wafer can come into tight contact with the wafer of an adjacent element but that the grooves always remain open between the elements on the coated side.

De préférence le panneau est réalisé en une mousse de polystyrène extrudé ou expansé.Preferably the panel is made of an extruded or expanded polystyrene foam.

L'élément ainsi réalisé présente un rapport de perméabilité favorable puisque le revêtement peut être un enduit perméable, tandis que le panneau thermiquement isolant résiste au passage de la vapeur d'eau. L'effet de condensation est supprimé, tandis que la fabrication de l'élément est simplifiée.The element thus produced has a favorable permeability ratio since the coating can be a permeable coating, while the thermally insulating panel resists the passage of water vapor. The condensation effect is eliminated, while the manufacture of the element is simplified.

Selon un mode de réalisation, un joint d'étanchéité et d'écartement mousse, souple et adhésif double face, est monté sur deux tranches adjacentes de l'élément.According to one embodiment, a flexible, double-sided foam sealing and spacing seal is mounted on two adjacent sections of the element.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le panneau isolant comporte sur deux côtés adjacents, un prolongement latéral, au voisinage de la face opposée au revêtement.According to another embodiment, the insulating panel comprises on two adjacent sides, a lateral extension, in the vicinity of the face opposite to the covering.

La forme de l'élément ainsi réalisé permet un assemblage facile et immédiat d'un certain nombre d'éléments côte à côte et les uns au-dessus des autres. Toutefois la section et la position des rainures des tranches empêchent un emboîtement véritable et ménage les joints ouverts sur la face formée par le revêtement.The shape of the element thus produced allows an easy and immediate assembly of a certain number of elements side by side and one above the other. However, the section and the position of the grooves of the slices prevent true nesting and spare open joints on the face formed by the coating.

L'invention s'étend également à un revêtement extérieur réalisé au moyen de tels éléments, disposés en une superposition de rangées d'éléments côte à côte, dont les tranches sont en contact étanche uniquement au voisinage de la face opposée au revêtement, mais sont espacées sur la face munie de ce revêtement, leurs rainures formant des chambres de décompression en communication avec l'extérieur, et des moyens de fixation sur un mur de façade.The invention also extends to an external coating produced by means of such elements, arranged in a superposition of rows of elements side by side, the edges of which are in sealed contact only in the vicinity of the face opposite to the coating, but are spaced apart on the face provided with this coating, their grooves forming decompression chambers in communication with the outside, and fixing means on a front wall.

Le revêtement est par suite parfaitement étanche au droit du mur de façade, tandis qu'il est ouvert sur la face opposée et que les rainures assurent une coupure de capillarité, ce qui permet l'évacuation de l'eau de condensation en interdisant la pénétration d'humidité extérieure.The coating is therefore perfectly waterproof to the right of the front wall, while it is open on the opposite face and the grooves ensure a capillary cut, which allows the evacuation of the condensation water by preventing penetration. outdoor humidity.

La description ci-dessous d'un mode de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et représenté aux dessins annexés, fera d'ailleurs ressortir les avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention.The description below of an embodiment given by way of nonlimiting example, and represented in the appended drawings, will moreover highlight the advantages and characteristics of the invention.

Sur ces dessins :

  • - la Fig. 1 est une vue en perspective d'un élément d'isolation par l'extérieur ;
  • - la Fig. 2 est une vue en perspective d'une portion de revêtement réalisé au moyen d'éléments tels que celui de la Fig. 1 ;
  • - la Fig. 3 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'un revêtement selon une variante de réalisation, et
  • - la Fig. 4 est une vue en coupe verticale du revêtement de la Fig. 3.
In these drawings:
  • - Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an insulation element from the outside;
  • - Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a covering portion produced by means of elements such as that of FIG. 1;
  • - Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a coating according to an alternative embodiment, and
  • - Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the covering of FIG. 3.

L'élément représenté sur la Fig. 1 comporte un panneau 1 de forme générale rectangulaire, réalisé en un matériau thermiquement isolant, présentant un faible coefficient de conductivité et surtout une bonne constance de ces performances thermiques, même dans une ambiance humide, et une bonne résistance mécanique notamment au poinçonnement et en compression. De préférence, ce panneau 1 est réalisé en une mousse de polystyrène extrudé ou expansé.The element shown in FIG. 1 comprises a panel 1 of generally rectangular shape, made of a thermally insulating material, having a low coefficient of conductivity and above all a good constancy of these thermal performances, even in a humid atmosphere, and good mechanical resistance, in particular to punching and compression. Preferably, this panel 1 is made of an extruded or expanded polystyrene foam.

L'une des faces de ce panneau 1 est revêtue d'un enduit pâteux 2 à base de résines, charges et granulats minéraux, qui présente une excellente résistance aux chocs et une bonne tenue à l'eau de ruissellement. Cet enduit est, par exemple, un revêtement plastique épais ou un mélange de granulats minéraux et de résines acryliques ou acrylovinyliques chargées, qui peut être déposé en usine par projection, spatulage, talochage ou autre procédé analogue.One of the faces of this panel 1 is coated with a pasty coating 2 based on mineral resins, fillers and aggregates, which has excellent impact resistance and good resistance to runoff water. This coating is, for example, a thick plastic coating or a mixture of mineral aggregates and acrylic or acrylovinyl resins loaded, which can be deposited in the factory by spraying, spreading, trowelling or other similar process.

Par ailleurs, chacune des tranches 4 ou 6 du panneau 1 comporte une rainure longitudinale 8, 10. Cette rainure peut être ouverte latéralement et constituer une feuillure 8 ou être délimitée par deux nervures, respectivement 11 et 12.Furthermore, each of the edges 4 or 6 of the panel 1 has a longitudinal groove 8, 10. This groove can be open laterally and constitute a rebate 8 or be delimited by two ribs, 11 and 12 respectively.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur le dessin, le panneau 1 comporte, sur deux tranches opposées 4, deux feuillures 8 et 9, tournées en sens inverses et, dans les deux autres tranches 6, une rainure centrale 10.In the embodiment shown in the drawing, the panel 1 comprises, on two opposite edges 4, two rebates 8 and 9, turned in opposite directions and, in the other two edges 6, a central groove 10.

Un joint d'étanchéité 14 est placé à la périphérie du panneau 1, sur deux tranches adjacentes 4 et 6 de celui-ci, au voisinage de la face plane 16 opposée à l'enduit 2. Le joint 14 est, de préférence, constitué par une bande plate en un matériau souple, tel qu'un matériau mousse étanche à l'air et à l'eau, et est adhésif sur ses deux faces opposées. Ce joint est collé sur la tranche 4 ou 6 et permet l'assemblage de l'élément ou vêture 20 ainsi réalisé avec un élément voisin et un élément superposé.A seal 14 is placed on the periphery of the panel 1, on two adjacent edges 4 and 6 thereof, in the vicinity of the flat face 16 opposite the coating 2. The seal 14 is preferably made up by a flat strip made of a flexible material, such as an airtight and water-tight foam material, and is adhesive on its two opposite faces. This joint is glued to the edge 4 or 6 and allows the assembly of the element or cladding 20 thus produced with a neighboring element and a superimposed element.

Par suite,pour former un revêtement sur un mur de façade 18, l'élément 20 représenté sur la Fig. 1 est combiné avec d'autres éléments analogues, en une succession de rangées superposées. Chacune de ses deux feuillures 8 et 9 est introduite dans la feuillure d'un élément supérieur et d'un élément inférieur, le joint 14 de l'élément inférieur 20 venant se coller sur la tranche de l'élément directement supérieur 21. La présence du joint 14 interdit toutefois l'emboîtement réel de ces feuillures et ménage automatiquement entre elles un joint ouvert 23 au voisinage du revêtement 2. De préférence les feuillures 8 et 9 sont en outre suffisamment profondes pour que leurs faces verticales n'entrent pas en contact mais délimitent une chambre de décompression 22. Le joint 23, ouvert sur la face de l'élément formé par l'enduit 2, met cette chambre de décompression 22 en communication avec l'atmosphère extérieure. Par contre, le joint 14 ferme toute communication entre cette chambre et la face opposée des éléments, c'est-à-dire le mur de façade 18. Les faces 16 des différents éléments sont donc réunies entre elles de manière étanche à la fois à l'eau et à l'air arrivant de l'extérieur.As a result, to form a coating on a front wall 18, the element 20 shown in FIG. 1 is combined with other similar elements, in a succession of superimposed rows. Each of its two rebates 8 and 9 is introduced into the rebate of an upper element and of a lower element, the seal 14 of the lower element 20 being bonded to the edge of the directly upper element 21. The presence of the seal 14, however, prohibits the real nesting of these rebates and automatically provides an open joint between them 23 in the vicinity of the coating 2. Preferably, the rebates 8 and 9 are also sufficiently deep so that their vertical faces do not come into contact but delimit a decompression chamber 22. The seal 23, open on the face of the element formed by the coating 2, places this decompression chamber 22 in communication with the external atmosphere. On the other hand, the seal 14 closes any communication between this chamber and the opposite face of the elements, that is to say the front wall 18. The faces 16 of the different elements are therefore joined together in a leaktight manner both water and air coming from outside.

Chaque élément 20 est en outre juxtaposé à d'autres éléments, par exemple l'élément 24 de la Fig. 2. Ces éléments sont reliés entre eux de manière étanche par le joint 14 placé sur la tranche 6 de l'élément 24 sur lequel se colle la tranche correspondante de l'élément 20. Ils sont toutefois également maintenus écartés par ce même joint 14, de sorte qu'ils ne viennent pas en contact entre eux et qu'un joint ouvert 25 est ménagé sur la face extérieure de la vêture, entre les deux revêtements d'enduit successifs. Les rainures 10 en regard ménagent entre elles, comme les feuillures, une chambre de décompression 26 qui est ainsi en communication avec l'atmosphère. Par contre à l'opposé, contre le mur de façade, la jonction est étanche.Each element 20 is also juxtaposed with other elements, for example element 24 of FIG. 2. These elements are tightly connected together by the seal 14 placed on the edge 6 of the element 24 on which the corresponding edge of the element 20 is glued. They are however also kept apart by this same seal 14, so that they do not come into contact with each other and that an open joint 25 is formed on the outer face of the cladding, between the two successive coating coatings. The grooves 10 facing each other form, like the rebates, a decompression chamber 26 which is thus in communication with the atmosphere. On the contrary, against the front wall, the junction is waterproof.

Grâce à cette disposition, l'eau de ruissellement ne risque pas de pénétrer à l'intérieur des vêtures et l'étanchéité au droit de la façade est assurée aussi bien à l'air qu'à l'eau.Thanks to this arrangement, runoff water does not risk entering the interior of the clothing and the sealing to the right of the facade is ensured both in air and in water.

L'enduit étant très perméable, le rapport de perméabilité de l'élément est favorable et le problème de la condensation ne se pose plus dans le revêtement réalisé.Since the coating is very permeable, the element's permeability ratio is favorable and the problem of condensation no longer arises in the coating produced.

L'ensemble des éléments d'isolation peut être simplement collé sur le mur de façade 18, mais il peut également être maintenu mécaniquement par des agrafes telles, par exemple, que celle représentée en 28 sur la Fig. 2. Cette agrafe comporte une patte 29 de fixation sur le mur 18, qui est repliée à sa partie inférieure pour former une face 30 d'appui sur la tranche de la feuillure du panneau d'où partent deux languettes 31 et 32, dirigées en sens opposé et parallèles à la patte 29 de fixation sur le mur. L'une, 32, de ces languettes s'applique contre la feuillure d'un panneau inférieur, tandis que l'autre, 31, s'encastre dans le panneau isolant de l'élément directement supérieur, lors de la mise en place de ce dernier. De cette manière, chaque panneau isolant est fixé sur le mur en plusieurs points, ce qui maintient en place, mécaniquement, l'ensemble de l'élément.All of the insulation elements can be simply glued to the front wall 18, but it can also be held mechanically by staples such as, for example, that shown at 28 in FIG. 2. This clip has a lug 29 for fixing to the wall 18, which is folded at its lower part to form a face 30 for bearing on the edge of the panel rabbet from which two tongues 31 and 32 leave, directed at opposite direction and parallel to the fixing lug 29 on the wall. One, 32, of these tabs is applied against the rebate of a lower panel, while the other, 31, is embedded in the insulating panel of the directly upper element, during the positioning of this last. In this way, each insulating panel is fixed to the wall at several points, which holds the entire element in place, mechanically.

Bien entendu, ces agrafes, ou d'autres analogues, peuvent être combinées, éventuellement, avec un collage partiel du panneau isolant sur le mur de façade.Of course, these staples, or other similar, can be combined, optionally, with a partial bonding of the insulating panel on the facade wall.

Dans tous les cas le montage des éléments successifs s'effectue très simplement, par mise en contact avec le joint 14 de l'élément voisin, qui assure automatiquement le réglage de l'écartement, donc la mise en place correcte.In all cases the mounting of the successive elements is carried out very simply, by contacting the seal 14 of the neighboring element, which automatically ensures the adjustment of the spacing, therefore the correct positioning.

Selon une variante de réalisation représentée sur la figure 3, l'élément d'isolation comporte des feuillures sur ses quatre tranches, les feuillures opposées étant ouvertes en direction opposée, respectivement vers le revêtement 2 et vers la face opposée 16.According to an alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the insulation element comprises rebates on its four edges, the opposite rebates being open in the opposite direction, respectively towards the coating 2 and towards the opposite face 16.

Les rainures centrales 10 des tranches verticales sont ainsi remplacées par des feuillures 36, 37 susceptibles de venir s'emboîter. Un moyen d'écartement et de contact étanche, tel que le joint 14, est toutefois prévu sur l'une de ces tranches verticales, au voisinage de la face 16. Par suite, comme dans le mode de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, lors de la juxtaposition de l'élément 34 avec un autre élément 35, les feuillures 36 et 37 des deux éléments adjacents s'emboîtent mais la fermeture du joint 25 est interdite, les parties extérieures 38 des tranches, proches du revêtement 2, ne pouvant venir en contact entre elles. De préférence, des gorges de décompression 39, 40 sont en outre ménagées dans chacune de ces parties 38 des tranches verticales pour rendre le joint ouvert 25 autodrainant.The central grooves 10 of the vertical sections are thus replaced by rebates 36, 37 capable of coming to fit together. A leaktight spacing and contact means, such as the seal 14, is however provided on one of these vertical sections, in the vicinity of the face 16. Consequently, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, during the juxtaposition of the element 34 with another element 35, the rebates 36 and 37 of the two adjacent elements fit together but the closing of the joint 25 is prohibited, the external parts 38 of the edges, close to the coating 2, being unable to come into contact with each other. Preferably, decompression grooves 39, 40 are further provided in each of these parts 38 of vertical sections to make the open joint 25 self-draining.

Les feuillures 41 et 42 des tranches horizontales supérieure et inférieure sont analogues aux feuillures 8 et 9 des figures 1 et 2. De préférence toutefois, ces tranches comportent une face inclinée 43, 44 à proximité de la face munie du revêtement 2. Les faces inclinées 43 et 44 sont parallèles et s'inclinent vers le bas et vers l'extérieur, ce qui facilite l'évacuation de l'eau d'inflitration ou autre. En outre, une gorge de décompression longitudinale 46 est prévue dans la face inclinée inférieure 44.The rebates 41 and 42 of the upper and lower horizontal sections are similar to the rebates 8 and 9 of FIGS. 1 and 2. Preferably, however, these sections have an inclined face 43, 44 near the face provided with the coating 2. The inclined faces 43 and 44 are parallel and tilt downward and outward, which facilitates the evacuation of the infliter water or the like. In addition, a longitudinal decompression groove 46 is provided in the lower inclined face 44.

Comme dans le mode de réalisation précédent, un joint souple tel que le joint 14 peut être collé sur une tranche horizontale et une tranche verticale de l'élément 34. Toutefois, dans ce cas, les organes d'écartement sont de préférence d'une seule pièce avec le panneau isolant. Comme le montrent les figures 3 et 4, sur la tranche verticale l'organe d'écartement est constitué par un simple prolongement latéral 48 de la partie interne, ou côté mur de façade, du panneau isolant, ce qui donne à la feuillure 37 une profondeur supérieure à celle de la feuillure 36, et à la face 16 une largeur supérieure à celle de la face opposée. De même, l'organe d'étanchéité et d'écartement de la tranche horizontale est un prolongement du panneau isolant au voisinage de la face 16 qui donne à cette face 16 une hauteur supérieure à celle du revêtement. Ce prolongement en hauteur forme sur la tranche inférieure, dans le cas des figures 3 et 4, une nervure 50 dont la hauteur correspond à l'ouverture désirée pour le joint ouvert 23. La nervure 50 a une largeur suffisante pour assurer un contact étroit entre l'élément 54 auquel elle appartient et l'élément 34 placé au dessous mais, de préférence, elle ne s'étend pas sur tout le fond de la feuillure 42 et délimite un évidement 52 qui communique avec la chambre de décompression 22.As in the previous embodiment, a flexible seal such as the seal 14 can be glued to a horizontal edge and a vertical edge of the element 34. However, in this case, the members spacers are preferably in one piece with the insulating panel. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, on the vertical edge the spacer member is constituted by a simple lateral extension 48 of the internal part, or side of the facade wall, of the insulating panel, which gives the rebate 37 a depth greater than that of the rebate 36, and at the face 16 a width greater than that of the opposite face. Similarly, the sealing and spacing member of the horizontal section is an extension of the insulating panel in the vicinity of the face 16 which gives this face 16 a height greater than that of the covering. This extension in height forms on the lower edge, in the case of FIGS. 3 and 4, a rib 50 whose height corresponds to the desired opening for the open joint 23. The rib 50 has a width sufficient to ensure close contact between the element 54 to which it belongs and the element 34 placed below, but preferably it does not extend over the entire bottom of the rebate 42 and delimits a recess 52 which communicates with the decompression chamber 22.

Ces éléments peuvent aussi facilement que les précédents former une vêture sur un mur de façade en étant successivement juxtaposés et superposés. Toutefois, pour assurer la fixation des éléments entre eux et au mur, on utilise, selon une variante, des ferrures allongées 56, de section en T couché.These elements can as easily as the previous form a cladding on a facade wall by being successively juxtaposed and superimposed. However, to ensure the fixing of the elements to each other and to the wall, use is made, according to a variant, of elongated fittings 56, of coated T-section.

Chaque ferrure est emboîtée sur les tranches supérieures des éléments 34, 35 d'une rangée inférieure, sa barre verticale 58 s'appuyant sur le côté de la feuillure 41 et faisant saillie en direction des éléments 54 de la rangée superposée. Des organes de fixation 60 traversent cette barre verticale 58 et la portion correspondante du panneau isolant et sont fixés dans le mur 18.Each fitting is fitted onto the upper edges of the elements 34, 35 of a lower row, its vertical bar 58 resting on the side of the rebate 41 and projecting towards the elements 54 of the superimposed row. Fastening members 60 pass through this vertical bar 58 and the corresponding portion of the insulating panel and are fixed in the wall 18.

Lorsqu'un élément 54 est mis en contact avec les éléments 34, 35 l'âme horizontale 62 de la ferrure en T est maintenue dans l'évidement 52 tandis que la barre verticale 58 est logée dans une fente longitudinale 64 partant du fond de cet évidement et permettant un contact étroit entre les éléments superposés.When an element 54 is brought into contact with the elements 34, 35 the horizontal core 62 of the T-fitting is held in the recess 52 while the vertical bar 58 is housed in a longitudinal slot 64 starting from the bottom of this recess and allowing close contact between the superimposed elements.

Les divers éléments sont ainsi solidement assemblés entre eux et au mur, tandis que la forme et la position des feuillures, rainures et gorges assurent des coupures de capillarité et la création de chambres de décompression reliées à l'ambiance externe par des joints ouverts, ce qui permet l'évacuation ae l'eau et une protection efficace du mur.The various elements are thus securely assembled together and to the wall, while the shape and position of the rebates, grooves and grooves ensure capillary cuts and the creation of decompression chambers connected to the external atmosphere by open joints, which allows water evacuation and effective protection of the wall.

L'enduit 2 n'ayant aucun rôle de tenue mécanique à assurer peut facilement être constitué par un composé pâteux de granulats minéraux, déposé en usine sur les panneaux et adhérant étroitement à ceux-ci, ce qui facilite la réalisation de l'élément d'isolation et permet d'utiliser des enduits peu coûteux bien qu'assurant un aspect agréable à la surface extérieure de la vêture et une résistance aux chocs, en même temps qu'une bonne tenue à l'eau de ruissellement. Un tel élément d'isolation peut donc facilement être utilisé, non seulement en partie haute, mais également en partie basse d'un bâtiment.The coating 2 having no role of mechanical strength to ensure can easily be constituted by a pasty compound of mineral aggregates, deposited in the factory on the panels and adhering closely thereto, which facilitates the production of the element d insulation and allows the use of inexpensive plasters, although ensuring a pleasant appearance on the outer surface of the garment and impact resistance, as well as good resistance to runoff water. Such an insulation element can therefore easily be used, not only in the upper part, but also in the lower part of a building.

Bien que le matériau isolant, et tout particulièrement le polystyrène extrudé, soit très peu perméable à la vapeur d'eau et à l'eau liquide, dans certains cas il peut être préférable de revêtir les tranches 4 et/ou 6, qui sont exposées à la pluie et aux ultra-violets, d'une couche de protection ou d'un profil métallique mince, collé. Le matériau isolant, bien que résistant de par sa nature même à l'humidité, est ainsi muni d'une protection complémentaire.Although the insulating material, and particularly the extruded polystyrene, is very little permeable to water vapor and liquid water, in some cases it may be preferable to coat the sections 4 and / or 6, which are exposed to rain and ultraviolet, a protective layer or a thin metallic profile, glued. The insulating material, although resistant by its very nature to humidity, is thus provided with additional protection.

Le coût de l'élément d'isolation ainsi réalisé est cependant relativement réduit. Comme par ailleurs l'assemblage des divers éléments entre eux est particulièrement simple et ne nécessite pas de main-d'oeuvre spécialisée, les éléments peuvent, sans inconvénient, avoir des dimensions relativement réduites, ce qui permet d'utiliser un matériau isolant à module d'élasticité élevé, sans accroître les risques de déformation sous l'effet des chocs thermiques. Par ailleurs, les chambres de décompression associées aux joints ouverts vers l'extérieur permettent aux panneaux de se dilater sans danger pour la résistance de la vêture.The cost of the insulation element thus produced is however relatively low. Since, moreover, the assembly of the various elements together is particularly simple and does not require specialized labor, the elements can, without drawback, have relatively small dimensions, which makes it possible to use an insulating material with module high elasticity, without increasing the risk of deformation under the effect of thermal shock. In addition, the decompression chambers associated with the joints open towards the outside allow the panels to expand without danger for the resistance of the clothing.

On dispose donc d'un système d'isolation par l'extérieur permettant de donner à un bâtiment un aspect agréable tout en lui assurant une protection efficace et de longue durée.We therefore have an external insulation system which makes it possible to give a building a pleasant appearance while providing it with effective and long-lasting protection.

Claims (15)

1 - Elément d'isolation extérieure, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un panneau (1) rectangulaire, en un matériau thermiquement isolant, ayant une bonne résistance mécanique et de bonnes performances thermiques en ambiance humide, dont l'une des faces porte un revêtement (2) tandis que ses tranches (4, 6) comportent chacune une rainure longitudinale (8, 10, 41, 36) et ont, au voisinage de la face (16) opposée au revêtement, une longueur supérieure à celle de la face munie du revêtement, de sorte que chaque tranche peut entrer en contact étanche avec la tranche d'un élément adjacent mais que les rainures (8, 10, 36, 37, 41) restent toujours ouvertes (en 23, 25) entre les éléments sur la face revêtue.1 - External insulation element, characterized in that it comprises a rectangular panel (1), made of a thermally insulating material, having good mechanical resistance and good thermal performance in a humid environment, one of the faces of which bears a covering (2) while its edges (4, 6) each have a longitudinal groove (8, 10, 41, 36) and have, in the vicinity of the face (16) opposite the covering, a length greater than that of the face provided with the coating, so that each edge can come into tight contact with the edge of an adjacent element but that the grooves (8, 10, 36, 37, 41) always remain open (at 23, 25) between the elements on the coated side. 2 - Elément suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le panneau (1) est en une mousse de polystyrène extrudé ou expansé.2 - Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the panel (1) is made of an extruded or expanded polystyrene foam. 3 - Elément suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux tranches opposées (4) du panneau comportent des rainures longitudinales (8, 9, 41, 42) ouvertes latéralement, et formant des feuillures en sens inverses.3 - Element according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that at least two opposite edges (4) of the panel have longitudinal grooves (8, 9, 41, 42) open laterally, and forming rebates in direction reverse. 4 - Elément suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux tranches opposées (6) du panneau comportent une rainure centrale (10).4 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two opposite edges (6) of the panel have a central groove (10). 5 - Elément suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un prolongement latéral d'écartement sur deux côtés adjacents, au voisinage de la face opposée au revêtement.5 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a lateral extension of spacing on two adjacent sides, in the vicinity of the face opposite to the coating. 6 - Elément suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le prolongement latéral forme une nervure plate sur toute la longueur de la tranche adjacente.6 - Element according to claim 5, characterized in that the lateral extension forms a flat rib over the entire length of the adjacent edge. 7 - Elément suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un joint souple d'écartement et d'étanchéité, adhésif double face sur deux tranches adjacentes.7 - Element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a flexible gap seal sealing and sealing, double-sided adhesive on two adjacent edges. 8. Elément suivant l'une des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la profondeur des feuillures est suffisante pour interdire leur emboîtement complet et délimiter entre elles une chambre de décompression.8. Element according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the depth of the rebates is sufficient to prohibit their complete nesting and delimit between them a decompression chamber. 9. Elément suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des gorges de décompression dans ses tranches verticales et/ou dans la tranche inférieure, à proximité de la face munie du revêtement.9. Element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises decompression grooves in its vertical sections and / or in the lower section, near the face provided with the coating. 10. Elément suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement est un enduit plastique épais, à base de résines, charges et granulats minéraux.10. Element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the coating is a thick plastic coating, based on resins, fillers and mineral aggregates. 11. Revêtement d'isolation caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une superposition de rangées d'éléments d'isolation ou vêture suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 10, montés côte à côte, dont les tranches sont en contact étanche uniquement au voisinage de la face (16) opposée au revêtement, mais sont espacées sur la face munie de ce revêtement (2), leurs rainures formant des chambres de décompression (22) en communication avec l'extérieur, et des moyens (28, 58) de fixation sur un mur de façade.11. Insulation coating characterized in that it comprises a superposition of rows of insulation elements or cladding according to one of claims 1 to 10, mounted side by side, the edges of which are in sealed contact only in the vicinity from the face (16) opposite to the covering, but are spaced on the face provided with this covering (2), their grooves forming decompression chambers (22) in communication with the outside, and means (28, 58) for fixing on a front wall. 12. Revêtement suivant la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que les joints ouverts horizontaux (23) formés entre les rangées d'éléments sont inclinés vers le bas.12. Coating according to claim 11, characterized in that the horizontal open joints (23) formed between the rows of elements are inclined downward. 13. Revêtement suivant l'une des revendications 11 et 12, caractérisé en ce que les panneaux isolants (1) sont collés sur le mur de façade (18).13. Coating according to one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the insulating panels (1) are glued to the front wall (18). 14. Revêtement suivant l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'isolation (1) sont fixés entre eux et au mur par des agrafes mécaniques (28) emboîtées sur la feuillure (8) d'un panneau, et encastrées dans celle du panneau adjacent.14. Coating according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the insulation elements (1) are fixed to each other and to the wall by mechanical clips (28) fitted onto the rebate (8) of a panel, and embedded in that of the adjacent panel. 15. Revêtement suivant l'une des revendications 10 et 11, caractérisé en ce que les éléments sont fixés entre eux et au mur au moyen de ferrures (58) de section en T couché, emboîtées sur les éléments (34, 35) d'une rangée et encastrées dans une fente longitudinale de la rangée supérieure (54).15. Coating according to one of claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the elements are fixed to each other and to the wall by means of fittings (58) of coated T-section, fitted onto the elements (34, 35) of a row and embedded in a longitudinal slot of the upper row (54).
EP83400156A 1982-01-22 1983-01-21 Outside insulation element, and lining comprising such an element Expired EP0085009B1 (en)

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AT83400156T ATE19123T1 (en) 1982-01-22 1983-01-21 EXTERNAL INSULATION ELEMENT AND COVERING FROM SUCH ELEMENTS.

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FR8200980 1982-01-22
FR8200980A FR2520408A1 (en) 1982-01-22 1982-01-22 EXTERNAL INSULATION ELEMENT AND CLOTHING USING SUCH ELEMENTS

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EP0085009B1 EP0085009B1 (en) 1986-04-09

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EP (1) EP0085009B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE19123T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1197968A (en)
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DK (1) DK21683A (en)
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0225788A2 (en) * 1985-12-04 1987-06-16 Coseley Building Systems Limited Cladding system
EP0225788A3 (en) * 1985-12-04 1988-07-20 Coseley Building Systems Limited Cladding system
FR2597138A1 (en) * 1986-04-15 1987-10-16 Decostaff Panels for cladding building facades in particular and means for fixing these panels
EP0581269A2 (en) * 1992-07-28 1994-02-02 Sto Aktiengesellschaft External insulating and surface treatment system
EP0581269A3 (en) * 1992-07-28 1994-12-28 Sto Ag External insulating and surface treatment system.
WO1996006248A1 (en) * 1994-08-18 1996-02-29 Claus Ebert Floor or wall element
ES2347511A1 (en) * 2008-09-16 2010-10-29 Manufacturas Cyp, S.A Prefabricated insulating panel (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
EP3044386B1 (en) 2013-09-11 2020-11-11 Advanced Architectural Products, LLC Insulation system for buildings
WO2016146631A1 (en) * 2015-03-16 2016-09-22 Dell'innocenti Lamiere S.R.L. Covering panel for external building faces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3362849D1 (en) 1986-05-15
CA1197968A (en) 1985-12-17
ES270158U (en) 1983-07-16
US4551958A (en) 1985-11-12
EP0085009B1 (en) 1986-04-09
DK21683D0 (en) 1983-01-20
DK21683A (en) 1983-07-23
ES270158Y (en) 1984-02-01
FR2520408B1 (en) 1984-04-20
ATE19123T1 (en) 1986-04-15
FR2520408A1 (en) 1983-07-29

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