EP0084616A2 - Water- and air-impermeable, humidity conductive textile material - Google Patents

Water- and air-impermeable, humidity conductive textile material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0084616A2
EP0084616A2 EP82110426A EP82110426A EP0084616A2 EP 0084616 A2 EP0084616 A2 EP 0084616A2 EP 82110426 A EP82110426 A EP 82110426A EP 82110426 A EP82110426 A EP 82110426A EP 0084616 A2 EP0084616 A2 EP 0084616A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
textile material
coating
material according
water
textile
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82110426A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0084616A3 (en
EP0084616B1 (en
Inventor
Hubert von Blücher
Hasso von Blücher
Ernest Dr. De Ruiter
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT82110426T priority Critical patent/ATE37400T1/en
Publication of EP0084616A2 publication Critical patent/EP0084616A2/en
Publication of EP0084616A3 publication Critical patent/EP0084616A3/en
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Publication of EP0084616B1 publication Critical patent/EP0084616B1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/904—Artificial leather
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
    • Y10T428/24998—Composite has more than two layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249986—Void-containing component contains also a solid fiber or solid particle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2139—Coating or impregnation specified as porous or permeable to a specific substance [e.g., water vapor, air, etc.]
    • Y10T442/2148—Coating or impregnation is specified as microporous but is not a foam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2213—Coating or impregnation is specified as weather proof, water vapor resistant, or moisture resistant
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2221—Coating or impregnation is specified as water proof
    • Y10T442/2246—Nitrogen containing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water- and airtight moisture-conducting textile material.
  • Textile materials are used on a large scale and in a wide variety of areas, for example as protective clothing for civil and / or military purposes or for tarpaulins and the like.
  • An essential feature of the textile materials used for this is their tightness, depending on the application, both against dust and against moisture.
  • textile materials as protective clothing, also ensure that the moisture produced by the body is dissipated.
  • the most effective way to release excess body heat in humans is through the evaporation of water, which usually already happens in the skin, which remains dry.
  • this mechanism only works if the water vapor produced can be removed. From this it follows that the ability of clothing to allow water vapor to pass through is decisive for the well-being of the wearer.
  • this property of clothing is achieved through a more or less high air permeability, which gave rise to the basically misleading concept of breathability because there is no skin breathing, only the moisture has to be released to the outside.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a textile material that is water and airtight, but at the same time can store, transport and emit a considerable amount of moisture in the form of water vapor and that also has a specific protective effect for certain purposes, e.g. against chemical warfare agents, bacteria or radiation.
  • a storage effect of the textile material is particularly desirable where. moisture production is not evenly distributed over time. Therefore, the textile material must be able to absorb a short-term overproduction of moisture, which cannot be discharged to the outside quickly enough, like a "buffer". It is also essential that the buffer effect, which has a favorable influence on the convenience of use, is achieved in connection with the moisture transport in such a way that the mechanical properties of the textile material meet high requirements.
  • the object is achieved by a textile material according to the preamble of the main claim, which has a coating of coagulated polyurethane with a very large number of micropores and consequently has a water vapor permeability of more than 5,000 g / m2 ⁇ 24 h.
  • the water vapor permeability depends on. the thickness of the coating, which is usually 5o - 200 ⁇ m, in particular about 1 00 ⁇ m, is preferably values from 5ooo to 20ooooo g / m 24 h.
  • the storage effect already present due to the microporous structure of the coating can be further improved by incorporating so-called cellulose-based swelling bodies.
  • the textile backing can have the structure of a woven or knitted fabric, but also a fleece or a so-called non-woven material. It can be made, for example, from natural fibers such as cotton, wool or silk but also from synthetic fibers based on polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylonitrile, aramids or even mineral fibers such as glass fibers or carbon fibers. It is not important whether the textile backing itself is hydrophobic or hydrophilic, but what matters most is that it is permeable to water vapor. In the case of a very dense, only slightly air-permeable textile fabric, the own hydrophilicity of the fibers can also contribute, while a hydrophobic textile carrier should be sufficiently open so that it is sufficiently permeable to water vapor.
  • a flame-retardant woven or knitted fabric or a fabric made with flame-retardant yarns can also be used as the textile material.
  • the coagulated polyurethane is preferably applied to the textile base material in a thin layer, the water resistance being achieved by a polymerized or mixed with and co-coagulated hydrophobizing agent, such as silicones, can be increased.
  • the watertightness can also be increased by subsequent hydrophobing.
  • a textile material coated with the coagulated polyurethane is ideal for use as rain protection, dust protection, ABC protection, etc. and is used, for example, as protective clothing.
  • the textile material according to the invention can also be used as protective clothing for particularly stressed items of clothing, such as distress rescue suits for pilots or persons who have to do heavy work.
  • the high water vapor permeability with sufficient watertightness is of particular value, because it allows the wearer to carry out his normal work without any significant additional stress, for example due to a moisture build-up.
  • the textile material according to the invention can also be used for other special uses.
  • an activated carbon into the polyurethane, excellent C protection can be achieved.
  • Substances such as A1 (OH) 3 which are incorporated into the polyurethane coating, protect against the so-called heat flash of an atomic bomb explosion.
  • the polyurethane can be mixed, for example, with antimony oxide and decabromodiphenyl ether.
  • Protective material is suitable as an additive, for example lead sulfate.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawing a textile material 1 according to the invention is shown, which is only represented by a textile backing 2 and a thin coating 3 of coagulated polyurethane applied thereon, which is modified with silicones, differs.
  • Textile material according to Figure 2 in that 3 fine-grained activated carbon 4 is embedded in the polyurethane coating.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a textile material according to the invention, in which fine-grained aluminum hydroxide 5 has been applied to the polyurethane coating 3.
  • a polyamide fabric 2 having a basis weight of 1 4o g / m 2 was soaked with a coating material 3, consisting of 15 parts by weight Desmoderm KCW (BAYER) and 85 parts by weight of DMF coated extract to the DMF and polyurethane to coagulate and then dried, so that there was a dry coating of the microporous polyurethane of about 7o g / m2.
  • the material thus produced was thoroughly impregnated, dried and crosslinked with a perchlorethylene solution of a fluorocarbon compound.
  • the water vapor permeability of the textile material was approximately 8ooo g / m 2. 24 h, while a water resistance was reached, which corresponds to a water column of more than 1,5oo mm.
  • the textile material produced in this way is ideally suited, for example, for rain protection with excellent wearing properties.
  • a flame-retardant cotton fabric 2 with a weight per unit area of 150 g / m 2 was coated with a coating slip analogous to Example 1, but the coating slip additionally had 5 parts by weight of fine-grained aluminum hydroxide and 1.5 parts by weight of a flame retardant combination (FR-P 45 from the White Chemical Comp .) were added. The material was then treated as in Example 1.
  • FR-P 45 from the White Chemical Comp .
  • the textile material according to the invention produced therefrom was waterproof, had very good clothing physiological properties and, in combination with other items of clothing, offered an additional valuable protection against heat flash.
  • a cotton fabric 2 with a weight per unit area of 15o g / m 2 was first made flame-retardant and water-repellent in a manner known per se and then.,. as in Example 2, coated. Immediately after application of the coating slip, this was additionally sprinkled with an activated carbon granulate 5 and watered and dried after one minute. The activated carbon was applied in an amount of 115 g / m 2 to the coating and adhered very well there. In addition to the properties of the material according to Example 2, the textile material thus produced also had a pronounced C protection.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein wasser- und luftdichtes, feuchtigkeitsleitendes Textilmaterial (1), das eine Beschichtung (3) aus koaguliertem Polyurethan, das vorzugsweise eine große Anzahl von Mikroporen besitzt, aufweist und eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von mehr als 5000 g/m² · 24 h besitzt.The invention relates to a water- and airtight, moisture-conducting textile material (1) which has a coating (3) made of coagulated polyurethane, which preferably has a large number of micropores, and has a water vapor permeability of more than 5000 g / m² · 24 h.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein wasser- und luftdichtes feuchtigkeitsleitendes Textilmaterial.The invention relates to a water- and airtight moisture-conducting textile material.

Textile Materialien finden in großem Umfang und in den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen Verwendung, beispielsweise als Schutzbekleidung für zivile und/oder militärische Zwecke oder für Zeltplanen und ähnliches. Ein wesentliches Merkmal der hierfür verwendeten Textilmaterialien ist ihre Dichtigkeit, je nach Einsatzzweck sowohl gegenüber Staub als auch gegenüber Feuchtigkeit. Allerdings muß z.B. bei der Verwendung textiler Materialien als Schutzbekleidung auch dafür gesorgt werden, daß die vom Körper produzierte Feuchtigkeit abgeführt wird. Der wirksamste Weg, überschüssige Körperwärme abzugeben, ist beim Menschen die Verdunstung von Wasser, die normalerweise bereits in der Haut geschieht, die dabei trocken bleibt. Dieser Mechanismus funktioniert aber nur, wenn der produzierte Wasserdampf abtransportiert werden kann. Hieraus folgt, daß die Fähigkeit einer Kleidung, Wasserdampf durchzulassen,-für das Wohlbefinden des Trägers maßgebend ist. Normalerweise wird diese Eigenschaft der Kleidung durch eine mehr oder weniger hohe Luftdurchlässigkeit erreicht, wodurch der im Grunde irreführende Begriff der Atmungsaktivität entstand, weil es keine Hautatmung gibt, sondern lediglich die Feuchtigkeit nach außen abgegeben werden muß.Textile materials are used on a large scale and in a wide variety of areas, for example as protective clothing for civil and / or military purposes or for tarpaulins and the like. An essential feature of the textile materials used for this is their tightness, depending on the application, both against dust and against moisture. However, e.g. when using textile materials as protective clothing, also ensure that the moisture produced by the body is dissipated. The most effective way to release excess body heat in humans is through the evaporation of water, which usually already happens in the skin, which remains dry. However, this mechanism only works if the water vapor produced can be removed. From this it follows that the ability of clothing to allow water vapor to pass through is decisive for the well-being of the wearer. Usually this property of clothing is achieved through a more or less high air permeability, which gave rise to the basically misleading concept of breathability because there is no skin breathing, only the moisture has to be released to the outside.

Insbesondere im Bereich der Schutzbekleidung, wie Wetterschutz, Arbeitsschutz oder für militärische Zwecke, aber auch im Freizeitsektor., z.B. bei Anoraks, Zelten, Schlafsäcken usw. wird zwar einerseits eine ausreichende Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit verlangt, andererseits müssen diese Materialien aber auch eine mehr oder weniger ausgeprägte Dichtigkeit gegenüber Wasser oder Luft aufweisen.In particular in the field of protective clothing, such as weather protection, occupational safety or for military purposes, but also in the leisure sector, for example in anoraks, tents, sleep Sacks etc. are required on the one hand to have sufficient water vapor permeability, but on the other hand these materials must also have a more or less pronounced impermeability to water or air.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Textilmaterial zur Verfügung zu stellen, das zwar wasser- und luftdicht ist, aber gleichzeitig eine beträchtliche Menge Feuchtigkeit speichern, transportieren und in Form von Wasserdampf abgeben kann und das für bestimmte Zwecke auch eine spezifische Schutzwirkung, z.B. gegenüber chemischen Kampfstoffen, Bakterien oder Strahlen, entfaltet.The invention has for its object to provide a textile material that is water and airtight, but at the same time can store, transport and emit a considerable amount of moisture in the form of water vapor and that also has a specific protective effect for certain purposes, e.g. against chemical warfare agents, bacteria or radiation.

Eine Speicherwirkung des Textilmaterials ist insbesondere dort erwünscht, wo. die Feuchtigkeitsproduktion nicht gleichmäßig über die Zeit verteilt ist. Deshalb muß das Textilmaterial eine kurzfristige überproduktion an Feuchtigkeit, die nicht schnell genug nach außen abgeleitet werden kann, wie einen "Puffer" aufnehmen können. Wesentlich ist ferner, daß die den Verwendungskomfort günstig beeinflussende Pufferwirkung verbunden mit dem Feuchtigkeitstransport in einer Weise erzielt wird, daß die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Textilmaterials hohen Anforderungen genügen.A storage effect of the textile material is particularly desirable where. moisture production is not evenly distributed over time. Therefore, the textile material must be able to absorb a short-term overproduction of moisture, which cannot be discharged to the outside quickly enough, like a "buffer". It is also essential that the buffer effect, which has a favorable influence on the convenience of use, is achieved in connection with the moisture transport in such a way that the mechanical properties of the textile material meet high requirements.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch ein Textilmaterial gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches gelöst, das eine Beschichtung aus koaguliertem Polyurethan mit einer sehr großen Anzahl Mikroporen aufweist und infolgedessen eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von mehr als 5.000 g/m2 · 24 h besitzt. Die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit erreicht je nach. der Dicke der Beschichtung, die in der Regel 5o - 200 µm, insbesondere etwa 100 µm, beträgt, vorzugsweise Werte von 5.ooo bis 2o.ooo g/m 24 h.According to the invention the object is achieved by a textile material according to the preamble of the main claim, which has a coating of coagulated polyurethane with a very large number of micropores and consequently has a water vapor permeability of more than 5,000 g / m2 · 24 h. The water vapor permeability depends on. the thickness of the coating, which is usually 5o - 200 µm, in particular about 1 00 µm, is preferably values from 5ooo to 20ooooo g / m 24 h.

Die durch die Mikroporenstruktur der Beschichtung bereits vorhandene Speicherwirkung kann durch Einlagerung von.sogenannten Quellkörpern auf Zellulosebasis noch verbessert werden.The storage effect already present due to the microporous structure of the coating can be further improved by incorporating so-called cellulose-based swelling bodies.

Der textile Träger kann die Struktur eines Gewebes oder Gewirkes aber auch eines Vlieses bzw. eines sogenannten non-woven Materials haben. Er kann beispielsweise aus Naturfasern, wie Baumwolle, Wolle oder Seide aber-auch aus synthetischen Fasern auf Basis von Polyestern, Polyamiden, Polyacrylnitril, Aramiden oder sogar mineralischen Fasern, wie Glasfasern oder Kohlenstoff-Fasern hergestellt sein. Es ist nicht entscheidend, ob der textile Träger selbst hydrophob oder hydrophil ist, sondern es kommt vorwiegend darauf an, daß er wasserdampfdurchlässig ist. Dazu kann bei einem sehr dichten, nur noch wenig luftdurchlässigen textilen Flächengebilde auch die eigene Hydrophilität der Fasern beitragen, während ein hydrophober textiler Träger genügend offen sein sollte, um auf diese Weise ausreichend wasserdampfdurchlässig zu sein.The textile backing can have the structure of a woven or knitted fabric, but also a fleece or a so-called non-woven material. It can be made, for example, from natural fibers such as cotton, wool or silk but also from synthetic fibers based on polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylonitrile, aramids or even mineral fibers such as glass fibers or carbon fibers. It is not important whether the textile backing itself is hydrophobic or hydrophilic, but what matters most is that it is permeable to water vapor. In the case of a very dense, only slightly air-permeable textile fabric, the own hydrophilicity of the fibers can also contribute, while a hydrophobic textile carrier should be sufficiently open so that it is sufficiently permeable to water vapor.

Als textiles Material kann auch ein flammhemmend ausgerüstetes Gewebe oder Gewirke bzw. ein mit flammhemmend ausgerüsteten Garnen hergestelltes Flächengebilde verwendet werden. Das koagulierte Polyurethan ist auf dem textilen Trägermaterial vorzugsweise in dünner Schicht aufgetragen, wobei die Wasserdichtigkeit durch ein miteinpolymerisiertes oder mit-vermischtes und mit-koaguliertes Hydrophobierungsmittel, z.B. Silikone, erhöht werden kann. Die Wasserdichtigkeit kann auch durch eine nachträgliche Hydrophobierung zusätzlich gesteigert werden.A flame-retardant woven or knitted fabric or a fabric made with flame-retardant yarns can also be used as the textile material. The coagulated polyurethane is preferably applied to the textile base material in a thin layer, the water resistance being achieved by a polymerized or mixed with and co-coagulated hydrophobizing agent, such as silicones, can be increased. The watertightness can also be increased by subsequent hydrophobing.

Ein mit dem koagulierten Polyurethan beschichtetes Textilmaterial eignet sich hervorragend zum Einsatz als Regenschutz, Staubschutz, ABC-Schutz usw. und findet beispielsweise Verwendung als Schutzbekleidung. Das erfindungsgemäße Textilmaterial kann als Schutzbekleidung auch für besonders beanspruchte Bekleidungsstücke, wie Seenot-Rettungsanzüge für Piloten oder Personen, die schwere Arbeiten verrichten müssen, verwendet werden. Hier ist die hohe Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit bei ausreichender Wasserdichtigkeit von besonderem Wert, denn sie gestattet es dem Träger, seine normale Tätigkeit ohne nennenswerte zusätzliche Belastung, beispielsweise-durch einen Feuchtigkeitsstau, zu verrichten.A textile material coated with the coagulated polyurethane is ideal for use as rain protection, dust protection, ABC protection, etc. and is used, for example, as protective clothing. The textile material according to the invention can also be used as protective clothing for particularly stressed items of clothing, such as distress rescue suits for pilots or persons who have to do heavy work. Here, the high water vapor permeability with sufficient watertightness is of particular value, because it allows the wearer to carry out his normal work without any significant additional stress, for example due to a moisture build-up.

Da sich die Beschichtung aus koaguliertem Polyurethan sehr gut als Träger für unterschiedlichste Substanzen mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung eignet, kann das erfindungsgemäBe Textilmaterial auch für weitere Sondereinsätze Verwendung finden. Beispielsweise kann durch Einarbeiten einer Aktivkohle in das Polyurethan ein hervorragender C-Schutz erreicht werden. Substanzen wie A1(OH)3, die in die Polyurethan-Beschichtung eingearbeitet sind, schützen vor.dem sog. Hitzeblitz einer Atombombenexplosion. Um den Flammschutz der erfindungsgemäßen Materialien zu erhöhen, kann das Polyurethan beispielsweise mit Antimonoxid und Dekabromdiphenyl- äther vermischt werden. Bei der Verwendung als Strahlenschutzmaterial eignet sich als Zusatzmittel beispielsweise Bleisulfat.Since the coating made of coagulated polyurethane is very suitable as a carrier for a wide variety of substances with a specific protective effect, the textile material according to the invention can also be used for other special uses. For example, by incorporating an activated carbon into the polyurethane, excellent C protection can be achieved. Substances such as A1 (OH) 3 , which are incorporated into the polyurethane coating, protect against the so-called heat flash of an atomic bomb explosion. To increase the flame retardancy of the materials according to the invention, the polyurethane can be mixed, for example, with antimony oxide and decabromodiphenyl ether. When using as rays Protective material is suitable as an additive, for example lead sulfate.

Andere Substanzen mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung können je nach Einsatzzweck des Textilmaterials ebenso in die Polyurethanbeschichtung eingearbeitet oder oberflächlich aufgebracht werden.Depending on the intended use of the textile material, other substances with a specific protective effect can also be incorporated into the polyurethane coating or applied superficially.

Während in Figur 1 der Zeichnung ein erfindungsgemäßes Textilmaterial 1 dargestellt ist, das lediglich aus einem textilen Träger 2 und einer darauf aufgebrachten dünnen Beschichtung 3 aus koaguliertem Polyurethan, das mit Silikonen modifiziert ist, dargestellt ist, unterscheidet--sich ein. Textilmaterial gemäß Figur 2 dadurch, daß in der Polyurethanbeschichtung 3 feinkörnige Aktivkohle 4 eingelagert ist. Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Textilmaterials, bei dem feinkörniges Aluminiumhydroxid 5 auf die Polyurethanbeschichtung 3 aufgebracht worden ist.While in FIG. 1 of the drawing, a textile material 1 according to the invention is shown, which is only represented by a textile backing 2 and a thin coating 3 of coagulated polyurethane applied thereon, which is modified with silicones, differs. Textile material according to Figure 2 in that 3 fine-grained activated carbon 4 is embedded in the polyurethane coating. FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a textile material according to the invention, in which fine-grained aluminum hydroxide 5 has been applied to the polyurethane coating 3.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Beispielen weiter erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of examples.

Beispiel 1example 1

Ein Polyamid-Gewebe 2 mit einem Flächengewicht von 14o g/m2 wurde mit einer Streichmasse 3, bestehend aus 15 Gewichtsteilen Desmoderm KCW (BAYER) und 85 Gewichtsteilen DMF beschichtet, gewässert, um das DMF herauszulösen und Polyurethan zu koagulieren und anschließend getrocknet, so daß sich eine Trockenauflage des mikroporösen Polyurethans von ca. 7o g/m2 ergab. Anschliessend wurde das so hergestellte Material mit einer Per- - chloräthylen-Lösung einer Fluorcarbon-Verbindung durch und durch imprägniert, getrocknet und vernetzt. Die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit des Textilmaterials betrug ca. 8.ooo g/m2. 24 h, während eine Wasserdichtigkeit erreicht wurde, die einer Wassersäule von mehr als 1.5oo mm entspricht. Das so hergestellte Textilmaterial eignet sich hervorragend beispielsweise für einen Regen-schutz mit ausgezeichneten Trageeigenschaften.A polyamide fabric 2 having a basis weight of 1 4o g / m 2 was soaked with a coating material 3, consisting of 15 parts by weight Desmoderm KCW (BAYER) and 85 parts by weight of DMF coated extract to the DMF and polyurethane to coagulate and then dried, so that there was a dry coating of the microporous polyurethane of about 7o g / m2. The material thus produced was thoroughly impregnated, dried and crosslinked with a perchlorethylene solution of a fluorocarbon compound. The water vapor permeability of the textile material was approximately 8ooo g / m 2. 24 h, while a water resistance was reached, which corresponds to a water column of more than 1,5oo mm. The textile material produced in this way is ideally suited, for example, for rain protection with excellent wearing properties.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Ein flammhemmend ausgerüstetes Baumwollgewebe 2 mit einem Flächengewicht von 15o g/m2 wurde mit einer Streichmasse analog zu Beispiel 1 beschichtet, wobei der Beschichtungsmasse jedoch zusätzlich 5 Gewichtsteile feinkörniges Aluminiumhydroxid sowie 1,5 Gewichtsteile einer Flammschutzmittelkombination (FR-P 45 der White-Chemical Comp.) zugegeben wurden. Das Material wurde anschließend wie in Beispiel 1 weiter behandelt.A flame-retardant cotton fabric 2 with a weight per unit area of 150 g / m 2 was coated with a coating slip analogous to Example 1, but the coating slip additionally had 5 parts by weight of fine-grained aluminum hydroxide and 1.5 parts by weight of a flame retardant combination (FR-P 45 from the White Chemical Comp .) were added. The material was then treated as in Example 1.

Das hieraus hergestellte erfindungsgemäße Textilmaterial war wasserdicht, hatte sehr gute bekleidungsphysiologische Eigenschaften und bot, in Kombination mit anderen Bekleidungsstücken, einen zusätzlichen wertvollen Schutz gegen Hitzeblitz.The textile material according to the invention produced therefrom was waterproof, had very good clothing physiological properties and, in combination with other items of clothing, offered an additional valuable protection against heat flash.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Ein Baumwollgewebe 2 mit einem Flächengewicht von 15o g/m2 wurde zuerst in an sich bekannter Weise flammhemmend und wasserabweisend ausgerüstet und anschliessend.,. wie in Beispiel 2, beschichtet. Sofort nach dem Auftragen der Streichmasse wurde diese zusätzlich mit einem Aktivkohle-Granulat 5 bestreut und nach einer Minute gewässert und getrocknet. Die Aktivkohle wurde in einer Menge von 115 g/m2 auf die Beschichtung aufgebracht und haftete dort sehr gut. Neben den Eigenschaften des Materials gemäß Beispiel 2 wies das so hergestellte Textilmaterial zusätzlich einen ausgeprägten C-Schutz auf.A cotton fabric 2 with a weight per unit area of 15o g / m 2 was first made flame-retardant and water-repellent in a manner known per se and then.,. as in Example 2, coated. Immediately after application of the coating slip, this was additionally sprinkled with an activated carbon granulate 5 and watered and dried after one minute. The activated carbon was applied in an amount of 115 g / m 2 to the coating and adhered very well there. In addition to the properties of the material according to Example 2, the textile material thus produced also had a pronounced C protection.

Claims (10)

1. Wasser- und luftdichtes, feuchtigkeitsleitendes Textilmaterial, gekennzeichnet durch eine Beschichtung (3) aus koaguliertem Polyurethan und eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von mehr als 5.000 g/m2 · 24 h.1. Water and airtight, moisture-conducting textile material, characterized by a coating (3) made of coagulated polyurethane and a water vapor permeability of more than 5,000 g / m 2 · 24 h. 2. Textilmaterial nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von 5.ooo bis 20.000 g/m2 · 24 h.2. Textile material according to claim 1, characterized by a water vapor permeability of 5ooo to 2 0 . 000 g / m 2 * 24 h. 3. Textilmaterial nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (3) aus koaguliertem Polyurethan eine große Anzahl von Mikroporen aufweist.3. Textile material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the coating (3) made of coagulated polyurethane has a large number of micropores. 4. Textilmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (3) aus koaguliertem Polyurethan durch Silikone modifiziert ist.4. Textile material according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the coating (3) made of coagulated polyurethane is modified by silicones. 5. Textilmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Beschichtung (3) als Träger für Substanzen (4, 5) mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung dient.5. Textile material according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the coating (3) serves as a carrier for substances (4, 5) with a specific protective effect. 6. Textilmaterial nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Substanzen (4) mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung in der Beschichtung eingelagert sind.6. Textile material according to claim 5, characterized in that the substances (4) with a specific protective effect are embedded in the coating. 7. Textilmaterial nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Substanzen (5) mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung oberflächlich auf die Beschichtung (3) aufgebracht sind.7. Textile material according to claim 5, characterized in that the substances (5) with a specific protective effect are superficially applied to the coating (3). 8. Textilmaterial nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Substanzen (4, 5) mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung solche für einen ABC-Schutz sind.8. Textile material according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the substances (4, 5) with a specific protective action are those for NBC protection. 9. Verwendung eines Textilmaterials nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 für Schutzbekleidung.9. Use of a textile material according to one of claims 1 to 8 for protective clothing. 10. Verwendung eines Textilmaterials nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 für Planen.1 0 . Use of a textile material according to one of claims 1 to 8 for tarpaulins.
EP82110426A 1982-01-14 1982-11-11 Water- and air-impermeable, humidity conductive textile material Expired EP0084616B1 (en)

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AT82110426T ATE37400T1 (en) 1982-01-14 1982-11-11 WATERPROOF, AIRPROOF, MOISTURE WICKING TEXTILE MATERIAL.

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DE19823200942 DE3200942A1 (en) 1982-01-14 1982-01-14 WATER- AND AIR-TIGHT, HUMIDITY-CONDUCTING TEXTILE MATERIAL
DE3200942 1982-01-14

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Also Published As

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DE3200942A1 (en) 1983-07-21
ATE37400T1 (en) 1988-10-15
US4554198A (en) 1985-11-19
DE3279054D1 (en) 1988-10-27
EP0084616B1 (en) 1988-09-21

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