EP0084616B1 - Water- and air-impermeable, humidity conductive textile material - Google Patents

Water- and air-impermeable, humidity conductive textile material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0084616B1
EP0084616B1 EP82110426A EP82110426A EP0084616B1 EP 0084616 B1 EP0084616 B1 EP 0084616B1 EP 82110426 A EP82110426 A EP 82110426A EP 82110426 A EP82110426 A EP 82110426A EP 0084616 B1 EP0084616 B1 EP 0084616B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
textile material
coating
material according
water
air
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Expired
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EP82110426A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0084616A2 (en
EP0084616A3 (en
Inventor
Hubert von Blücher
Hasso von Blücher
Ernest Dr. De Ruiter
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Individual
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Priority to AT82110426T priority Critical patent/ATE37400T1/en
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Publication of EP0084616A3 publication Critical patent/EP0084616A3/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/904—Artificial leather
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24372—Particulate matter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249978—Voids specified as micro
    • Y10T428/24998—Composite has more than two layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249986—Void-containing component contains also a solid fiber or solid particle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2139—Coating or impregnation specified as porous or permeable to a specific substance [e.g., water vapor, air, etc.]
    • Y10T442/2148—Coating or impregnation is specified as microporous but is not a foam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2213—Coating or impregnation is specified as weather proof, water vapor resistant, or moisture resistant
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2221—Coating or impregnation is specified as water proof
    • Y10T442/2246—Nitrogen containing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a water- and airtight moisture-conducting textile material.
  • Textile materials are used on a large scale and in a wide variety of areas, for example as protective clothing for civil and / or military purposes or for tarpaulins and the like.
  • An essential feature of the textile materials used for this is their tightness, depending on the application, both against dust and against moisture.
  • z. B. when using textile materials as protective clothing also ensure that the moisture produced by the body is dissipated.
  • the most effective way to release excess body heat in humans is through the evaporation of water, which usually already happens in the skin, which remains dry.
  • this mechanism only works if the water vapor produced can be removed.
  • the ability of clothing to allow water vapor to pass through is critical to the wellbeing of the wearer. Usually this property of clothing is achieved through a more or less high air permeability, which gave rise to the basically misleading concept of breathability because there is no skin breathing, only the moisture has to be released to the outside.
  • DE-A 2 948 892 discloses a moisture-permeable, waterproof coated textile fabric, in which a microporous polyurethane layer is formed on at least one side of the base material by the so-called wet coagulation process, a coating solution being used which is in a polar organic solvent 8 to 25% by weight of a polyurethane elastomer, 0.1 to 10% by weight of a water repellent, 0.2 to 3% by weight of polyisocyanate and 1 to 8% by weight of a nonionic surfactant in a polar organic solvent contains.
  • this fabric should have excellent moisture permeability with moderate air permeability and permanent waterproofness.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a textile material that is not only water and airtight, and at the same time can store, transport and emit a considerable amount of moisture in the form of water vapor, but also has a specific protective effect for certain purposes, e.g. B. against chemical warfare agents, bacteria or radiation.
  • the object is achieved by a textile material according to the preamble of the main claim, in which activated carbon, aluminum hydroxide, antimony oxide, decabromodiphenyl ether and / or lead sulfate are embedded in or applied to the coating.
  • activated carbon aluminum hydroxide, antimony oxide, decabromodiphenyl ether and / or lead sulfate
  • the main coagulation proceeds very evenly and leads to a material with very high water vapor permeability, although there was reason to fear that that when the protective substances according to the invention are incorporated into the polyurethane gel or during treatment in the precipitation bath, the pores of the particles, in particular the activated carbon particles, become blocked.
  • the procedure according to a proposal of the invention is such that, immediately after application of the coating slip, this is sprinkled with the fine-grained activated carbon and then watered and dried.
  • a water vapor permeability of approximately 5000 to 20,000 g / cm 2 is achieved. 24 hours.
  • the storage effect already present due to the microporous structure of the coating can be further improved by embedding so-called cellulosic swelling bodies.
  • the textile backing can have the structure of a woven or knitted fabric, but also a fleece or a so-called non-woven material.
  • it can be made from natural fibers such as cotton, wool or silk, but also from synthetic fibers based on polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylonitrile, aramids or even mineral fibers, such as glass fibers or carbon fibers.
  • a flame-retardant woven or knitted fabric or a fabric made with flame-retardant yarns can also be used as the textile material.
  • the coagulated polyurethane is preferably applied to the textile backing in a thin layer, the water resistance by means of a co-polymerized or co-mixed and co-coagulated hydrophobizing agent, e.g. B. silicones can be increased.
  • the watertightness can also be increased by subsequent hydrophobing.
  • a textile material coated with the coagulated polyurethane is ideal for use as rain protection, dust protection, ABC protection, etc. and is used, for example, as protective clothing.
  • the textile material according to the invention can also be used as protective clothing for particularly stressed items of clothing, such as distress rescue suits for pilots or persons who have to do heavy work.
  • the high water vapor permeability with sufficient water resistance is of particular value, because it allows the wearer to carry out his normal work without any significant additional stress, for example due to a moisture build-up.
  • the textile material according to the invention can also be used for other special uses.
  • an activated carbon into the polyurethane, excellent C protection can be achieved.
  • Substances such as Al (OH) 3 which are incorporated into the polyurethane coating, protect against the so-called heat flash of the atomic bomb explosion.
  • the polyurethane can, for example, be mixed with antimony oxide and decabromodiphenyl ether.
  • lead sulfate for example, is suitable as an additive.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawing which is only shown consisting of a textile carrier 2 and a thin coating 3 of coagulated polyurethane, which is modified with silicones, applied thereon
  • the textile material according to the invention according to FIG. 2 differs in that 3 fine-grained activated carbon 4 is embedded in the polyurethane coating.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a textile material according to the invention, in which fine-grained aluminum hydroxide 5 has been applied to the polyurethane coating 3.
  • a flame-retardant cotton fabric 2 with a basis weight of 150 g / m 2 was coated with a coating slip 3 consisting of 15 parts by weight of Desmoderm KCW (BAYER), 85 parts by weight of dimethylformamide (DMF), 5 parts by weight of fine-grained aluminum hydroxide and 1.5 parts by weight of a flame retardant combination (FR -P 45 of White-Chemical Comp.) Coated, watered to dissolve the DMF and to coagulate the polyurethane and then dried, so that a dry coating of the microporous polyurethane of approx. 70 g / m 2 resulted.
  • a coating slip 3 consisting of 15 parts by weight of Desmoderm KCW (BAYER), 85 parts by weight of dimethylformamide (DMF), 5 parts by weight of fine-grained aluminum hydroxide and 1.5 parts by weight of a flame retardant combination (FR -P 45 of White-Chemical Comp.) Coated, watered to dissolve the DMF and to
  • the material thus produced was then thoroughly impregnated, dried and crosslinked with a perchlorethylene solution of a fluorocarbon compound.
  • the water vapor permeability of the textile material was approximately 8,000 g / m 2. 24 h, while a water resistance was achieved which corresponds to a water column of more than 1,500 mm.
  • the textile material according to the invention produced therefrom was waterproof, had very good clothing physiological properties and, in combination with other items of clothing, offered an additional valuable protection against heat flash.
  • a cotton fabric 2 with a weight per unit area of 150 g / m 2 was first made flame-retardant and water-repellent in a manner known per se and then, as in Example 1, coated. Immediately after application of the coating slip, this was additionally sprinkled with an activated carbon granulate 5 and watered and dried after one minute. The activated carbon was applied in an amount of 115 g / m 2 to the coating and adhered very well there. In addition to the properties of the material according to Example 1, the textile material thus produced also had a pronounced C protection.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a waterproof and air-tight, moisture-conducting textile material (1) which has a coating (3) of coagulated polyurethane containing preferably a great number of micropores, and which has a water vapor permeability of more than 5000 g/m2 in 24 hours.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein wasser- und luftdichtes feuchtigkeitsleitendes Textilmaterial.The invention relates to a water- and airtight moisture-conducting textile material.

Textile Materialien finden in großem Umfang und in den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen Verwendung, beispielsweise als Schutzbekleidung für zivile und/oder militärische Zwecke oder für Zeltplanen und ähnliches. Ein wesentliches Merkmal der hierfür verwendeten Textilmaterialien ist ihre Dichtigkeit, je nach Einsatzzweck sowohl gegenüber Staub als auch gegenüber Feuchtigkeit. Allerdings muß z. B. bei der Verwendung textiler Materialien als Schutzbekleidung auch dafür gesorgt werden, daß die vom Körper produzierte Feuchtigkeit abgeführt wird. Der wirksamste Weg, überschüssige Körperwärme abzugeben, ist beim Menschen die Verdunstung von Wasser, die normalerweise bereits in der Haut geschieht, die dabei trocken bleibt. Dieser Mechanismus funktioniert aber nur, wenn der produzierte Wasserdampf abtransportiert werden kann. Hieraus folgt, daß die Fähigkeit einer Kleidung, Wasserdampf durchzulassen, für das Wohlbefinden des Trägers maßgebend ist. Normalerweise wird diese Eigenschaft der Kleidung durch eine mehr oder weniger hohe Luftdurchlässigkeit erreicht, wodurch der im Grunde irreführende Begriff der Atmungsaktivität entstand, weil es keine Hautatmung gibt, sondern lediglich die Feuchtigkeit nach außen abgegeben werden muß.Textile materials are used on a large scale and in a wide variety of areas, for example as protective clothing for civil and / or military purposes or for tarpaulins and the like. An essential feature of the textile materials used for this is their tightness, depending on the application, both against dust and against moisture. However, z. B. when using textile materials as protective clothing also ensure that the moisture produced by the body is dissipated. The most effective way to release excess body heat in humans is through the evaporation of water, which usually already happens in the skin, which remains dry. However, this mechanism only works if the water vapor produced can be removed. It follows that the ability of clothing to allow water vapor to pass through is critical to the wellbeing of the wearer. Usually this property of clothing is achieved through a more or less high air permeability, which gave rise to the basically misleading concept of breathability because there is no skin breathing, only the moisture has to be released to the outside.

Insbesondere im Bereich der Schutzbekleidung, wie Wetterschutz, Arbeitsschutz oder für militärische Zwecke, aber auch im Freizeitsektor, z. B. bei Anoraks, Zeiten, Schlafsäcken usw. wird zwar einerseits eine ausreichende Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit verlangt, andererseits müssen diese Materialien aber auch eine mehr oder weniger ausgeprägte Dichtigkeit gegenüber Wasser oder Luft aufweisen.In particular in the field of protective clothing, such as weather protection, occupational safety or for military purposes, but also in the leisure sector, e.g. B. in anoraks, times, sleeping bags, etc. on the one hand sufficient water vapor permeability is required, but on the other hand these materials must also have a more or less pronounced tightness against water or air.

Aus der DE-A 2 948 892 ist ein feuchtigkeitsdurchlässiges, wasserdichtes beschichtetes textiles Flächengebilde bekannt, bei dem nach dem sogenannten Naßkoagulationsverfahren auf wenigstens einer Seite des Grundmaterials eine mikroporöse Polyurethanschicht gebildet wird, wobei eine Beschichtungslösung verwendet wird, die in einem polaren organischen Lösungsmittel 8 bis 25 Gew.-% eines Polyurethan-Elastomeren, 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-% eines wasserabweisenden Mittels, 0,2 bis 3 Gew.-% Polyisocyanat und 1 bis 8 Gew.- % eines nichtionogenen oberflächenaktiven Mittels in einem polaren organischen Lösungsmittel enthält. Dieses Flächengebilde soll neben gutem Faltenwurf und gutem Griff eine ausgezeichnete Feuchtigkeitsdurchlässigkeit bei mäßiger Luftdurchlässigkeit und dauerhafter Wasserdichtigkeit aufweisen.DE-A 2 948 892 discloses a moisture-permeable, waterproof coated textile fabric, in which a microporous polyurethane layer is formed on at least one side of the base material by the so-called wet coagulation process, a coating solution being used which is in a polar organic solvent 8 to 25% by weight of a polyurethane elastomer, 0.1 to 10% by weight of a water repellent, 0.2 to 3% by weight of polyisocyanate and 1 to 8% by weight of a nonionic surfactant in a polar organic solvent contains. In addition to good drapery and a good grip, this fabric should have excellent moisture permeability with moderate air permeability and permanent waterproofness.

Beim Koagulieren der Dimethylformamid-Lösung mit den herkömmlichen Koagulationsverfahren bildet sich jedoch eine inhomogene Porenstruktur mit den wenigsten Poren in der Nähe der Oberfläche aus, weshalb man von einer Hautbildung spricht. Diese Hautbildung beeinträchtigt die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit in erheblichem Maße, weshalb das bekannte Material, abgesehen von seiner Luftdurchlässigkeit, für viele Zwecke, insbesondere für ABC-Schutzanzüge, nicht in Betracht kommt.However, when the dimethylformamide solution is coagulated with the conventional coagulation processes, an inhomogeneous pore structure is formed with the fewest pores near the surface, which is why it is called skin formation. This skin formation affects the water vapor permeability to a considerable extent, which is why the known material, apart from its air permeability, is out of the question for many purposes, in particular for NBC protective suits.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Textilmaterial zur Verfügung zu stellen, daß nicht nur wasser- und luftdicht ist, sowie gleichzeitig eine beträchtliche Menge Feuchtigkeit speichern, transportieren und in Form von Wasserdampf abgeben kann, sondern für bestimmte Zwecke auch eine spezifische Schutzwirkung entfaltet, z. B. gegenüber chemischen Kampfstoffen, Bakterien oder Strahlen.The invention has for its object to provide a textile material that is not only water and airtight, and at the same time can store, transport and emit a considerable amount of moisture in the form of water vapor, but also has a specific protective effect for certain purposes, e.g. B. against chemical warfare agents, bacteria or radiation.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch ein Textilmaterial gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs gelöst, bei dem Aktivkohle, Aluminiumhydroxid, Antimonoxid, Deccabromdiphenyläther und/oder Bleisulfat in die Beschichtung eingelagert oder auf diese aufgebracht sind. Beim Bestreben, die oben erwähnte Hautbildung zu vermeiden, wurde überraschenderweise gefunden, daß durch das teilweise Vorkoagulieren der Streichmasse in Berührung mit den genannten Substanzen mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung die Hauptkoagulation sehr gleichmäßig verläuft und zu einem Material mit sehr hoher Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit führt, obwohl man befürchten mußte, daß beim Einarbeiten der erfindungsgemäßen Schutzstoffe in das Polyurethangel oder bei der Behandlung im Fällbad ein Verstopfen der Poren der Teilchen, insbesondere der Aktivkohleteilchen, eintritt. Bei Verwendung von Aktivkohle wird nach einem Vorschlag der Erfindung so verfahren, daß sofort nach dem Auftragen der Streichmasse diese mit der feinkörnigen Aktivkohle bestreut und anschließend gewässert und getrocknet wird.According to the invention the object is achieved by a textile material according to the preamble of the main claim, in which activated carbon, aluminum hydroxide, antimony oxide, decabromodiphenyl ether and / or lead sulfate are embedded in or applied to the coating. In an effort to avoid the above-mentioned skin formation, it was surprisingly found that by partially precoagulating the coating slip in contact with the substances mentioned with specific protective action, the main coagulation proceeds very evenly and leads to a material with very high water vapor permeability, although there was reason to fear that that when the protective substances according to the invention are incorporated into the polyurethane gel or during treatment in the precipitation bath, the pores of the particles, in particular the activated carbon particles, become blocked. If activated carbon is used, the procedure according to a proposal of the invention is such that, immediately after application of the coating slip, this is sprinkled with the fine-grained activated carbon and then watered and dried.

Je nach der Dicke der Beschichtung, die in der Regel 50 bis 200 gm, insbesondere etwa 100 µm beträgt, erreicht eine Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit von etwa 5000 bis 20000 g/cm2 . 24 h.Depending on the thickness of the coating, which is generally 50 to 200 gm, in particular approximately 100 μm, a water vapor permeability of approximately 5000 to 20,000 g / cm 2 is achieved. 24 hours.

Die durch die Mikroporenstruktur der Beschichtung bereits vorhandene Speicherwirkung kann durch Einlagerung von sogenannten Quellkörpern auf Zellulosebasis noch verbessert werden.The storage effect already present due to the microporous structure of the coating can be further improved by embedding so-called cellulosic swelling bodies.

Der textile Träger kann die Struktur eines Gewebes oder Gewirkes aber auch eines Vlieses bzw. eines sogenannten non-woven Materials haben. Er kann beispielsweise aus Naturfasern, wie Baumwolle, Wolle oder Seide aber auch aus synthetischen Fasern auf Basis von Polyestern, Polyamiden, Polyacrylnitril, Aramiden oder sogar mineralischen Fasern, wir Glasfasern oder Kohlenstoff-Fasern hergestellt sein. Es ist nicht entscheidend, ob der textile Träger selbst hydrophob oder hydrophil ist, sondern es kommt vorwiegend darauf an, daß er wasserdampfdurchlässig ist. Dazu kann bei einem sehr dichten, nur noch wenig luftdurchlässigen textilen Flächengebilde auch die eigene Hydrophilität der Fasern beitragen, während ein hydrophober textiler Träger genügend offen sein sollte, um auf diese Weise ausreichend wasserdampfdurchlässig zu sein.The textile backing can have the structure of a woven or knitted fabric, but also a fleece or a so-called non-woven material. For example, it can be made from natural fibers such as cotton, wool or silk, but also from synthetic fibers based on polyesters, polyamides, polyacrylonitrile, aramids or even mineral fibers, such as glass fibers or carbon fibers. It is not important whether the textile backing itself is hydrophobic or hydrophilic, but what matters most is that it is permeable to water vapor. This can be done at A very dense, only slightly air-permeable textile fabric also contributes to the own hydrophilicity of the fibers, while a hydrophobic textile carrier should be sufficiently open to be sufficiently permeable to water vapor in this way.

Als textiles Material kann auch ein flammhemmend ausgerüstetes Gewebe oder Gewirke bzw. ein mit flammhemmend ausgerüsteten Garnen hergestelltes Flächengebilde verwendet werden. Das koagulierte Polyurethan ist auf dem textilen Trägermaterial vorzugsweise in dünner Schicht aufgetragen, wobei die Wasserdichtigkeit durch ein mit- einpolymerisiertes oder mit-vermischtes und mit-koaguliertes Hydrophobierungsmittel, z. B. Silikone, erhöht werden kann. Die Wasserdichtigkeit kann auch durch eine nachträgliche Hydrophobierung zusätzlich gesteigert werden.A flame-retardant woven or knitted fabric or a fabric made with flame-retardant yarns can also be used as the textile material. The coagulated polyurethane is preferably applied to the textile backing in a thin layer, the water resistance by means of a co-polymerized or co-mixed and co-coagulated hydrophobizing agent, e.g. B. silicones can be increased. The watertightness can also be increased by subsequent hydrophobing.

Ein mit dem koagulierten Polyurethan beschichtetes Textilmaterial eignet sich hervorragend zum Einsatz als Regenschutz, Staubschutz, ABC-Schutz usw. und findet beispielsweise Verwendung als Schutzbekleidung. Das erfindungsgemäße Textilmaterial kann als Schutzbekleidung auch für besonders beanspruchte Bekleidungsstücke, wie Seenot-Rettungsanzüge für Piloten oder Personen, die schwere Arbeiten verrichten müssen, verwendet werden. Hier ist die hohe Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit bei ausreichender Wasserdichtigkeit von besonderem Wert, denn sie gestattet es dem Träger, seine normale Tätigkeit ohne nennenswerte zusätzliche Belastung, beispielsweise durch einen Feuchtigkeitsstau, zu verrichten.A textile material coated with the coagulated polyurethane is ideal for use as rain protection, dust protection, ABC protection, etc. and is used, for example, as protective clothing. The textile material according to the invention can also be used as protective clothing for particularly stressed items of clothing, such as distress rescue suits for pilots or persons who have to do heavy work. Here, the high water vapor permeability with sufficient water resistance is of particular value, because it allows the wearer to carry out his normal work without any significant additional stress, for example due to a moisture build-up.

Da sich die Beschichtung aus koaguliertem Polyurethan sehr gut als Träger für unterschiedlichste Substanzen mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung eignet, kann das erfindungsgemäße Textilmaterial auch für weitere Sondereinsätze Verwendung finden. Beispielsweise kann durch Einarbeiten einer Aktivkohle in das Polyurethan ein hervorragender C-Schutz erreicht werden. Substanzen wie Al(OH)3, die in die Polyurethan-Beschichtung eingearbeitet sind, schützen vor dem sog. Hitzeblitz der Atombombenexplosion. Um den Flammschutz der erfindungsgemäßen Materialien zu erhöhen, kann das Polyurethan beispielsweise mit Antimonoxid und Dekabromdiphenyläther vermischt werden. Bei der Verwendung als Strahlenschutzmaterial eignet sich als Zusatzmittel beispielsweise Bleisulfat.Since the coating made of coagulated polyurethane is very suitable as a carrier for a wide variety of substances with a specific protective effect, the textile material according to the invention can also be used for other special uses. For example, by incorporating an activated carbon into the polyurethane, excellent C protection can be achieved. Substances such as Al (OH) 3 , which are incorporated into the polyurethane coating, protect against the so-called heat flash of the atomic bomb explosion. In order to increase the flame retardancy of the materials according to the invention, the polyurethane can, for example, be mixed with antimony oxide and decabromodiphenyl ether. When used as radiation protection material, lead sulfate, for example, is suitable as an additive.

Andere Substanzen mit spezifischer Schutzwirkung können je nach Einsatzzweck des Textilmaterials ebenso in die Polyurethanbeschichtung eingearbeitet oder oberflächlich aufgebracht werden.Depending on the intended use of the textile material, other substances with a specific protective effect can also be incorporated into the polyurethane coating or applied superficially.

Während in Figur 1 der Zeichnung ein Textilmaterial 1 dargestellt ist, das lediglich aus einem textilen Träger 2 und einer darauf aufgebrachten dünnen Beschichtung 3 aus koaguliertem Polyurethan, das mit Silikonen modifiziert ist, dargestellt ist, unterscheidet sich das erfindungsgemäße Textilmaterial gemäß Figur 2 dadurch, daß in der Polyurethanbeschichtung 3 feinkörnige Aktivkohle 4 eingelagert ist. Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Textilmaterials, bei dem feinkörniges Aluminiumhydroxid 5 auf die Polyurethanbeschichtung 3 aufgebracht worden ist.While a textile material 1 is shown in FIG. 1 of the drawing, which is only shown consisting of a textile carrier 2 and a thin coating 3 of coagulated polyurethane, which is modified with silicones, applied thereon, the textile material according to the invention according to FIG. 2 differs in that 3 fine-grained activated carbon 4 is embedded in the polyurethane coating. FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a textile material according to the invention, in which fine-grained aluminum hydroxide 5 has been applied to the polyurethane coating 3.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Beispielen weiter erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of examples.

Beispiel 1example 1

Ein flammhemmend ausgerüstetes Baumwollgewebe 2 mit einem Flächengewicht von 150 g/m2 wurde mit einer Streichmasse 3, bestehend aus 15 Gewichtsteilen Desmoderm KCW (BAYER), 85 Gewichtsteilen Dimethylformamid (DMF), 5 Gewichtsteilen feinkörnigen Aluminiumhydroxid sowie 1,5 Gewichtsteilen einer Flammschutzmittelkombination (FR-P 45 der White-Chemical Comp.) beschichtet, gewässert um das DMF heraus zulösen und das Polyurethan zu koagulieren und anschließend getrocknet, so daß sich eine Trockenauflage des mikroporösen Polyurethans von ca. 70 g/m2 ergab. Anschließend wurde das so hergestellte Material mit einer Perchloräthylen-Lösung einer Fluorcarbon-Verbindung durch und durch imprägniert, getrocknet und vernetzt. Die Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit des Textilmaterials betrug ca. 8.000 g/m2.24 h, während eine Wasserdichtigkeit erreicht wurde, die einer Wassersäule von mehr als 1 500 mm entspricht.A flame-retardant cotton fabric 2 with a basis weight of 150 g / m 2 was coated with a coating slip 3 consisting of 15 parts by weight of Desmoderm KCW (BAYER), 85 parts by weight of dimethylformamide (DMF), 5 parts by weight of fine-grained aluminum hydroxide and 1.5 parts by weight of a flame retardant combination (FR -P 45 of White-Chemical Comp.) Coated, watered to dissolve the DMF and to coagulate the polyurethane and then dried, so that a dry coating of the microporous polyurethane of approx. 70 g / m 2 resulted. The material thus produced was then thoroughly impregnated, dried and crosslinked with a perchlorethylene solution of a fluorocarbon compound. The water vapor permeability of the textile material was approximately 8,000 g / m 2. 24 h, while a water resistance was achieved which corresponds to a water column of more than 1,500 mm.

Das hieraus hergestellte erfindungsgemäße Textilmaterial war wasserdicht, hatte sehr gute bekleidungsphysiologische Eigenschaften und bot, in Kombination mit anderen Bekleidungsstücken, einen zusätzlichen wertvollen Schutz gegen Hitzeblitz.The textile material according to the invention produced therefrom was waterproof, had very good clothing physiological properties and, in combination with other items of clothing, offered an additional valuable protection against heat flash.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Ein Baumwollgewebe 2 mit einem Flächengewicht von 150 g/m2 wurde zuerst in an sich bekannter Weise flammhemmend und wasserabweisend ausgerüstet und anschließend, wie in Beispiel 1, beschichtet. Sofort nach dem Auftragen der Streichmasse wurde diese zusätzlich mit einem Aktivkohle-Granulat 5 bestreut und nach einer Minute gewässert und getrocknet. Die Aktivkohle wurde in einer Menge von 115 g/m2 auf die Beschichtung aufgebracht und haftete dort sehr gut. Neben den Eigenschaften des Materials gemäß Beispiel 1 wies das so hergestellte Textilmaterial zusätzlich einen ausgeprägten C-Schutz auf.A cotton fabric 2 with a weight per unit area of 150 g / m 2 was first made flame-retardant and water-repellent in a manner known per se and then, as in Example 1, coated. Immediately after application of the coating slip, this was additionally sprinkled with an activated carbon granulate 5 and watered and dried after one minute. The activated carbon was applied in an amount of 115 g / m 2 to the coating and adhered very well there. In addition to the properties of the material according to Example 1, the textile material thus produced also had a pronounced C protection.

Claims (6)

1. Moisture-conducting, air- and watertight textile material with a microporous coating of coagulated polyurethane with a water vapour permeability of more than 5,000 g/m2.24 h, characterized in that activated carbon, aluminium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, decabromodiphenyl ether and/or lead sulphate are incorporated into the coating or applied to the latter.
2. Textile material according to claim 1, characterized by a water vapour permeability of up to 20,000 g/m2.24 h.
. 3. Textile material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that waterproofing agents, particularly silicone, are worked into the coating or that the layer was subsequently waterproofed.
4. Process for producing a textile material according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that immediately after applying the coating slip the latter is covered with the fine-grain activated carbon and then washed and dried.
5. Use of a textile material according to one of claims 1 to 3 for protective clothing.
6. Use of a textile material according to one of claims 1 to 3 for tarpaulins.
EP82110426A 1982-01-14 1982-11-11 Water- and air-impermeable, humidity conductive textile material Expired EP0084616B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82110426T ATE37400T1 (en) 1982-01-14 1982-11-11 WATERPROOF, AIRPROOF, MOISTURE WICKING TEXTILE MATERIAL.

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DE19823200942 DE3200942A1 (en) 1982-01-14 1982-01-14 WATER- AND AIR-TIGHT, HUMIDITY-CONDUCTING TEXTILE MATERIAL
DE3200942 1982-01-14

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EP0084616A3 EP0084616A3 (en) 1984-07-04
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Also Published As

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ATE37400T1 (en) 1988-10-15
EP0084616A2 (en) 1983-08-03
DE3200942A1 (en) 1983-07-21
DE3279054D1 (en) 1988-10-27
US4554198A (en) 1985-11-19
EP0084616A3 (en) 1984-07-04

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