EP0084519A2 - Récipient pour solution instable de sels ou de complexes de métaux et procédé pour rendre étanche un tel récipient - Google Patents

Récipient pour solution instable de sels ou de complexes de métaux et procédé pour rendre étanche un tel récipient Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0084519A2
EP0084519A2 EP83810011A EP83810011A EP0084519A2 EP 0084519 A2 EP0084519 A2 EP 0084519A2 EP 83810011 A EP83810011 A EP 83810011A EP 83810011 A EP83810011 A EP 83810011A EP 0084519 A2 EP0084519 A2 EP 0084519A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
seal
sealing
solution
electrically conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83810011A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0084519B1 (fr
EP0084519A3 (en
Inventor
Colin Charles Blake
Paul Anthony Bacon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novartis AG
Original Assignee
Ciba Geigy AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ciba Geigy AG filed Critical Ciba Geigy AG
Publication of EP0084519A2 publication Critical patent/EP0084519A2/fr
Publication of EP0084519A3 publication Critical patent/EP0084519A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0084519B1 publication Critical patent/EP0084519B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/005—Anodic protection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/06—Operating or servicing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an effective seal of a pressurized container, in the interior of which a shaft can be moved or rotated back and forth and which contains an unstable solution of a metal salt or complex.
  • metal salt or complex solutions are unstable because, under certain conditions, the salt or complex decomposes and the metal precipitates out of the solution.
  • Silver and copper salt or complex solutions in particular are particularly unstable.
  • Pressurized containers inside which a reciprocating or rotatable shaft is provided, which can be used to mix or stir the contents of the container, require e.g. sealing means surrounding the shaft, which prevent the contents of the container from escaping where the shaft enters the container.
  • sealing means surrounding the shaft, which prevent the contents of the container from escaping where the shaft enters the container.
  • Various methods have been developed to achieve such a seal, such as the use of stuffing boxes and in particular lip seals and mechanical surface seals.
  • all of these sealing methods require close contact between two surfaces, one of which rotates or reciprocates with respect to the other.
  • a lip seal these are the surfaces of the lip seal itself and that of the shaft.
  • a mechanical surface seal these are the surfaces of the two components of the seal, one of which is fixed and the other rotates with the shaft.
  • Such sealing systems basically require the presence of a thin liquid film of the trapped liquid between the two surfaces, which film is an effective sealing medium. If such sealing systems are used in containers which contain unstable solutions of metal salts or complexes, it has been found that a decomposition of the liquid film takes place between the sealing surfaces, which leads to the precipitation of metal on the sealing surfaces and thus to excessive losses due to the escape of solution leads to the container.
  • GB-PS 1 224 047 describes an anodic passivation process in which nickel is to be prevented by means of an alkaline solution and a porous partition from being deposited in undesired areas of a "nickel bath". This method may be effective for a nickel plating bath, but cannot be applied to a silver recovery cell in which an acidic solution is electrolyzed.
  • the present invention now realizes a technical teaching in order to suppress fluid losses and to achieve an effective sealing of containers of the type mentioned at the outset.
  • this is a mechanical surface seal, the immovable part of which consists of electrically conductive material.
  • this is a lip seal made of an electrically conductive material.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly applicable to a pressurized container which is used for the electrolytic recovery of metal and which contains a rotating electrode. It is also applicable to a pressurized container which consists of the pressure chamber of a pump.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of unstable solutions of a silver salt or complex, since such solutions tend to be extremely unstable.
  • the electrolytic recovery device comprises a cylindrical container V made of PVC.
  • container V a rotatably mounted cathode C made of stainless steel is provided.
  • the cathode C sits on a drive shaft S, which is mounted in a bearing B in the housing wall of the container V.
  • a drive roller P is firmly seated on the shaft S and is connected to drive means (not shown) located outside the device.
  • the cathode C is electrically connected via the shaft S.
  • the drive means set the cathode C in the container V in rotation.
  • the shaft S is sealed in the container V by means of a mechanical sealing system X, which consists of a rotating surface sealing element X 1 , which is fastened on the shaft S by means of a rubber bellows Be.
  • the surface sealing element X 1 is in sealing contact with the counter surface sealing element X 20 which is attached to the upper housing part of the container V by means of an O-ring O.
  • a graphite anode A is concentrically attached to the inner wall of the container V with the latter.
  • a solution inlet Q leads from a solution reservoir (not shown) via a pump into the interior of the container V, and an outlet pipe R leads out of the container V.
  • An electrical connecting line W connects the mating surface seal X 2 to the anode A.
  • an aqueous solution containing metal ions is pumped through the inlet Q into the interior of the container V during neutral operation, while the cathode C and the anode A are formed via the electrical connection terminals U 1 and U 2 an electrical cell are connected to a current source U.
  • the cathode C is rotated and the metal from the aqueous solution is deposited on the cathode.
  • the aqueous solution is continuously pumped slowly into the container V through the inlet Q and leaves it again through the outlet R, so that the solution in the container V is constantly under pressure.
  • a liquid-tight seal must be provided around the shaft S. If this is not the case, liquid creeps along the shaft and exits at the top of the container. This causes corrosion of the bearing B in contact with the solution, and also contamination, since the solution is forced out of the upper end of the container around the shaft in an uncontrollable manner. It is therefore necessary that the sealing elements X1 and X 2 together form a so-called "liquid seal".
  • the rotating sealing surface element X 1 consisted of ceramic material and the fixed sealing surface element X 2 consisted of graphite.
  • the cell was not connected to a power source, but water was let through the container V at a pressure of 1.01 bar and the cathode C at a speed of 1000 rpm. set in rotation. After 48 hours of continuous operation, no fluid loss from the container was found.
  • the cell was also not connected to the power source, but a saline solution (100 g NaCl per liter) was continuously pumped through the container at a pressure of 1.01 bar and the cathode again at 1000 rpm. set in rotation. Again, after 48 hours of continuous operation, there was no loss of liquid in the container, because sodium chloride forms a stable salt solution.
  • a saline solution 100 g NaCl per liter
  • the cell was again not connected to the power source, but the fixing solution was pumped through the container under a pressure of 1.01 bar and the cathode at 1000 rpm. rotates. After three hours of operation, it was observed that liquid emerged from the container at the point of entry of shaft S into it. The operation was interrupted and the sealing elements X 1 and X 2 examined. It was found that metallic silver had deposited on both elements, causing a gap between the sealing surfaces and thus breaking the liquid seal.
  • the same fixing solution was pumped through the same container under the same conditions and the cell was connected to the power source, but here the line W was connected to the anode A and to the electrically conductive sealing element X 2 .
  • the experiment was then stopped and the container opened. Again, a deposit of silver in powder form was found on the cathode, but no deposit of silver metal or any other deposit on the surfaces of the two sealing elements X 1 and X 2 . In this case, the potential between the sealing element X 2 and the shaft was 1.5 V.
  • Stainless steel is suitable as a further electrically conductive material for the fixed sealing element X 2 .
  • the rotatable sealing element X 1 can also consist of graphite or stainless steel.
  • Other suitable manufacturing materials are tungsten carbide and polytetrafluoroethylene. The preferred combination is graphite-graphite.
  • the container represents an electrolytic cell, which is due to the potential difference between the sealing element X 2 and the Electrode generated current causes some silver metal to deposit on the cathode.
  • the method used according to the invention for the protection of seals in other pressurized containers in which a shaft rotates or moves back and forth, so the dimensions of the counter-electrode and, if necessary electrical shielding of the electrically conductive sealing also the current flow can be limited to a minimum by the cell thus formed. This also keeps the amount of metal deposited on the counter electrode and any side effects on the solution in the container equally low.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
EP83810011A 1982-01-19 1983-01-13 Récipient pour solution instable de sels ou de complexes de métaux et procédé pour rendre étanche un tel récipient Expired EP0084519B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8201366 1982-01-19
GB8201366 1982-01-19

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0084519A2 true EP0084519A2 (fr) 1983-07-27
EP0084519A3 EP0084519A3 (en) 1983-08-03
EP0084519B1 EP0084519B1 (fr) 1985-12-18

Family

ID=10527698

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83810011A Expired EP0084519B1 (fr) 1982-01-19 1983-01-13 Récipient pour solution instable de sels ou de complexes de métaux et procédé pour rendre étanche un tel récipient

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4545873A (fr)
EP (1) EP0084519B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS58128138A (fr)
DE (1) DE3361502D1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2639961A1 (fr) * 1988-11-28 1990-06-08 Lobry Andre Dispositif de protection contre l'entartrage ou la corrosion des surfaces en contact avec des liquides
FR2657089A1 (fr) * 1990-01-16 1991-07-19 Lobry Andre Antitartre et anticorrosion des surfaces en contact avec des liquides.

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4889608A (en) * 1987-02-10 1989-12-26 Pine Instrument Company Electrode system
US7481922B2 (en) * 2004-01-05 2009-01-27 Edward Horton Madden Fluid treatment apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1224047A (en) * 1968-12-10 1971-03-03 Tsniitmash Method of inhibiting the formation of a coating on chemical equipment
US3910833A (en) * 1974-09-26 1975-10-07 David R Knighton Apparatus for recovering silver from photographic film processing liquids
US3985634A (en) * 1975-01-27 1976-10-12 Larson Kay R Electrolytic silver recovery apparatus

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3240685A (en) * 1962-02-23 1966-03-15 Ibm Method and device for selective anodization
NL297569A (fr) * 1962-09-06
US3169504A (en) * 1963-12-16 1965-02-16 Wankesha Bearings Corp Cathodic system
US3429799A (en) * 1966-05-31 1969-02-25 Monsanto Co Fluid-tight electrical connections for electrolytic cells
US3486999A (en) * 1967-11-02 1969-12-30 Leonard F Craft Apparatus for preventing scale formation in water systems
FR2327326A1 (fr) * 1975-10-08 1977-05-06 Solvay Procede pour la manutention de solutions aqueuses d'hydroxydes de metaux alcalins concentrees en halogenures de metaux alcalins
US4113600A (en) * 1977-04-21 1978-09-12 A. O. Smith Corporation Flue pipe anode ring for water heater

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1224047A (en) * 1968-12-10 1971-03-03 Tsniitmash Method of inhibiting the formation of a coating on chemical equipment
US3910833A (en) * 1974-09-26 1975-10-07 David R Knighton Apparatus for recovering silver from photographic film processing liquids
US3985634A (en) * 1975-01-27 1976-10-12 Larson Kay R Electrolytic silver recovery apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2639961A1 (fr) * 1988-11-28 1990-06-08 Lobry Andre Dispositif de protection contre l'entartrage ou la corrosion des surfaces en contact avec des liquides
FR2657089A1 (fr) * 1990-01-16 1991-07-19 Lobry Andre Antitartre et anticorrosion des surfaces en contact avec des liquides.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3361502D1 (en) 1986-01-30
US4545873A (en) 1985-10-08
JPS58128138A (ja) 1983-07-30
EP0084519B1 (fr) 1985-12-18
EP0084519A3 (en) 1983-08-03

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