EP0083263A2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schwarzen Überzuges auf Gegenständen mit mindestens einer Zinkoberfläche - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schwarzen Überzuges auf Gegenständen mit mindestens einer Zinkoberfläche Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0083263A2 EP0083263A2 EP82402283A EP82402283A EP0083263A2 EP 0083263 A2 EP0083263 A2 EP 0083263A2 EP 82402283 A EP82402283 A EP 82402283A EP 82402283 A EP82402283 A EP 82402283A EP 0083263 A2 EP0083263 A2 EP 0083263A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ions
- zinc
- face
- temperature
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000016804 zinc Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGKAGKFVPCOHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OGKAGKFVPCOHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- SPDJAIKMJHJYAV-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;diphosphate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O SPDJAIKMJHJYAV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940077934 zinc phosphate tetrahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000842 Zamak Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LAIZPRYFQUWUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ni+2] LAIZPRYFQUWUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229940077935 zinc phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/12—Orthophosphates containing zinc cations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
- F24S70/225—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption for spectrally selective absorption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
- F24S70/25—Coatings made of metallic material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for producing a black coating on at least one face of metal parts, in particular panels, this face being formed of pure or alloyed zinc.
- the invention was born within the framework of researches of improvements of solar collectors. These are, currently, very generally constituted by panels of slightly corrodible metal, such as stainless steel, copper or aluminum, provided with a heat transfer fluid circuit, and presenting to solar radiation a surface carrying a black covering (c (i.e. absorbent for radiation).
- a black covering i.e. absorbent for radiation.
- the absorption coefficient of the covering in the range of energy wavelengths of the solar radiation and the thermal impedance between this covering and the heat transfer fluid circuit determine the efficiency of the sensor, as a function of the density of radiation received and of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid, and consequently the conditions under which the yield is canceled, and therefore the duration of effectiveness of the solar collector in the day and seasonal cycles.
- the energy requirements which must be met by solar collectors are significant, especially when the density of solar radiation is low, so that improvements, at first sight of little importance, in the absorption coefficient of the coating, currently often between 0.9 and 0.95, and the thermal impedance between coating and heat transfer fluid, may ultimately prove to be of major interest.
- the commonly used solution of a coating of matt black paint on aluminum or copper has a relatively high thermal impedance despite the use of metals which are good conductors, this impedance being located in the thickness of the paint and at the interface. between the paint and the underlying metal.
- the Applicant sought to develop a process for the production of an adherent black coating.
- zinc coefficient absorption greater than 0.95, in itself a good conductor of heat and forming a low thermal impedance at the interface with the zinc galvanizing layer.
- the adhesion to zinc and the low thermal impedance of interface, in joint conditions almost necessarily imply a bond of the coating on the zinc which brings into play the specific properties of zinc; as a corollary, the process will be effective on any part having a zinc face, whether the part is made of solid zinc, or of any metal masked by the zinc layer.
- the invention also proposes a method for producing a black coating on at least one face of metal parts, in particular panels, this face being formed of pure or alloyed zinc, characterized in that said face is brought into contact, at a temperature between ambient and 75 ° C and for a period between 120 and 5 seconds, with an aqueous solution containing from 3 to 25 g / 1 of cupric ions, from 5 to 25 g / 1 of ions zinc, from 1 to 20 g / 1 of nickel ions, from 15 to 40 g / 1 of orthophosphoric ions, and optionally anions not capable of forming insoluble salts with the aforementioned metal ions, the pH of the solution being understood between 1.6 and 3.0, and the part is cleaned after the end of the contact time.
- the cleaning of the part is carried out by washing to remove residual traces of solution, drying then brushing to remove loose particles on the face of the coin.
- the duration and the contact temperature will be chosen taking into account that the higher the reaction temperature, the higher the reaction speed. It will be admitted that the contact time is reduced by half by a temperature rise of between 8 and 16 ° C.
- the solution will contain from 5 to 18 g / 1 of cupric ions, from 8 to 9.5 g / 1 of zinc ions, from 4 to 8.5 g / 1 of nickel ions and from 20 to 30 g / 1 of orthophosphoric ions, the pH being between 1.8 and 2.4. More particularly, the content of cupric ions will be between 11 and 14 g / l, and the content of nickel ions between 6.5 and 8.5 g / l.
- the solutions prepared according to the previous examples have very similar behaviors on zinc sheets immersed in these solutions at a temperature of 20 ° C for a period of 90 seconds.
- the black deposit layer has a thickness of approximately 10 ⁇ m, and the absorption coefficient is close to 0.97.
- the contents of the constituents can vary within wide limits without the absorption properties of the black coating being impaired.
- the content of cupric ions can vary from 3 to 25 g / 1, the content of zinc ions between 5 and 25 g / 1, the content of nickel ions between 1 and 20 g / 1, the content of orthophosphoric ions between 15 and 40 g / 1, while the pH could vary between 1.6 and 3.0.
- the contents of Cl - or SO 4 2 - ions are practically any, taking into account that these ions come from copper and nickel salts. It is moreover clear that these anions, which do not participate in the reactions, are chosen for their convenience of use as soluble salts and do not give precipitates with the cations present, and their availability.
- the tests then focused on the conditions of use of the darkening solutions, method of application, duration and contact temperature.
- reaction rates increase exponentially with temperature.
- the temperature range which halved the reaction time was determined to be between 8 and 16 ° C. At temperatures below 15 ° C, reaction times exceed 120 seconds.
- durations are reduced to less than 5 seconds (between 60 ° and 75 ° C)
- the control of the duration becomes difficult, and the reactions are likely to get carried away: in addition the heating of the solutions and the parts is expensive.
- the black coating is porous, so that in the presence of moisture the underlying zinc is liable to oxidize, corrosion manifested by the appearance whitish spots.
- glazing it is common for solar panels to have glazing to promote the so-called "greenhouse” effect, the glazing being transparent to infrared radiated by the sun, and opaque to long infrared corresponding to the temperature of the panel.
- the glazing makes it possible to constitute a watertight box where corrosion by humidity is not to be feared. In the absence of a glazed box, it is recommended to subject the coating ment and the zinc underlying a passivation treatment, or covering the coating with a protective varnish, or the like.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT82402283T ATE28336T1 (de) | 1981-12-30 | 1982-12-14 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines schwarzen ueberzuges auf gegenstaenden mit mindestens einer zinkoberflaeche. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8124487 | 1981-12-30 | ||
| FR8124487A FR2519028A1 (fr) | 1981-12-30 | 1981-12-30 | Procede d'elaboration d'un revetement noir a la surface de pieces dont au moins une face est en zinc |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0083263A2 true EP0083263A2 (de) | 1983-07-06 |
| EP0083263A3 EP0083263A3 (en) | 1984-05-09 |
| EP0083263B1 EP0083263B1 (de) | 1987-07-15 |
Family
ID=9265518
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82402283A Expired EP0083263B1 (de) | 1981-12-30 | 1982-12-14 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schwarzen Überzuges auf Gegenständen mit mindestens einer Zinkoberfläche |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0083263B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE28336T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE3276761D1 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2519028A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2615870A1 (fr) * | 1987-05-25 | 1988-12-02 | Dbb Ste Civile Rech | Procede pour la coloration de surfaces metalliques en zinc, zinguees et en alliage de ce metal |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB386739A (en) * | 1931-07-07 | 1933-01-26 | Metal Finishing Res Corp | Production of phosphate coatings on metals |
| FR1092299A (fr) * | 1953-03-27 | 1955-04-20 | Parker Ste Continentale | Revêtements noirs pour métaux et leur procédé d'obtention |
| US3647568A (en) * | 1969-10-28 | 1972-03-07 | Macdermid Inc | Colored phosphate coatings and method of application |
| DE2150143A1 (de) * | 1971-05-24 | 1972-12-07 | Cons Foods Corp | Verfahren zur Erzeugung geschwaerzter UEberzuege auf Metallflaechen |
| GB1587615A (en) * | 1977-01-10 | 1981-04-08 | Pa Management Consult | Solar energy collector |
-
1981
- 1981-12-30 FR FR8124487A patent/FR2519028A1/fr active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-12-14 AT AT82402283T patent/ATE28336T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-12-14 EP EP82402283A patent/EP0083263B1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-12-14 DE DE8282402283T patent/DE3276761D1/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB386739A (en) * | 1931-07-07 | 1933-01-26 | Metal Finishing Res Corp | Production of phosphate coatings on metals |
| FR1092299A (fr) * | 1953-03-27 | 1955-04-20 | Parker Ste Continentale | Revêtements noirs pour métaux et leur procédé d'obtention |
| US3647568A (en) * | 1969-10-28 | 1972-03-07 | Macdermid Inc | Colored phosphate coatings and method of application |
| DE2150143A1 (de) * | 1971-05-24 | 1972-12-07 | Cons Foods Corp | Verfahren zur Erzeugung geschwaerzter UEberzuege auf Metallflaechen |
| GB1587615A (en) * | 1977-01-10 | 1981-04-08 | Pa Management Consult | Solar energy collector |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Die Phosphatierung von Metallen, W.Rausch / 1974, S.102 * |
| SOLAR ENERGY, vol. 23, no. 5, 1979, pages 405-407, Pergamon Press, Ltd., Oxford, GB * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2615870A1 (fr) * | 1987-05-25 | 1988-12-02 | Dbb Ste Civile Rech | Procede pour la coloration de surfaces metalliques en zinc, zinguees et en alliage de ce metal |
| EP0295980A1 (de) * | 1987-05-25 | 1988-12-21 | Societe Civile De Recherche D.B.B. | Verfahren zum Färben von Metalloberflächen aus Zink, aus Zinklegierungen oder von mit Zink plattierten Oberflächen |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2519028A1 (fr) | 1983-07-01 |
| EP0083263B1 (de) | 1987-07-15 |
| FR2519028B1 (de) | 1984-05-11 |
| ATE28336T1 (de) | 1987-08-15 |
| DE3276761D1 (en) | 1987-08-20 |
| EP0083263A3 (en) | 1984-05-09 |
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