EP0082361B1 - Wärmedämmung und deren Anwendung - Google Patents

Wärmedämmung und deren Anwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0082361B1
EP0082361B1 EP82111084A EP82111084A EP0082361B1 EP 0082361 B1 EP0082361 B1 EP 0082361B1 EP 82111084 A EP82111084 A EP 82111084A EP 82111084 A EP82111084 A EP 82111084A EP 0082361 B1 EP0082361 B1 EP 0082361B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mat
fastener
furnace
anchor
cold face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82111084A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0082361A1 (de
Inventor
Robert Abraham Sauder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cessione thermal Ceramics Inc
Original Assignee
Babcock and Wilcox Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Babcock and Wilcox Co filed Critical Babcock and Wilcox Co
Priority to AT82111084T priority Critical patent/ATE26173T1/de
Publication of EP0082361A1 publication Critical patent/EP0082361A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0082361B1 publication Critical patent/EP0082361B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/144—Supports for ceramic fibre materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F27D1/0009—Comprising ceramic fibre elements
    • F27D1/002—Comprising ceramic fibre elements the fibre elements being composed of adjacent separate strips

Definitions

  • This invention relates to insulation and the provision thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to an insulation member for use in insulating a surface, a method of providing insulation for a surface, and attachment means for attaching insulation to a surface. Still more specifically, this invention has particular application in regard to a high temperature insulation member for use in insulating a furnace surface, and to the provision of high temperature insulation in a furnace for insulating a furnace wall surface.
  • Ceramic fiber material as referred to herein, is generally available in the form of a ceramic fiber blanket which is customarily manufactured in processes similar to the conventional paper making processes. As such, the fibers which constitute the blanket are oriented in planes which are generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of formation of the blanket or sheet.
  • the mat or batt would be in the form of a blanket in which the ceramic fibers will be lying in planes generally parallel to the surface to which the mat or batt is attached.
  • These strips are cut from the fiber sheet in widths that represent the linear distance required from the cold face to the hot face of the insulating fiber mat.
  • the cut strips are then placed on edge and laid lengthwise in side-by-side relationship with a sufficient number of strips being employed to provide a mat of a desiredf width.
  • the thickness of the fiber sheet from which these strips are cut will determine the number of strips required to construct a mat of a required width.
  • the strips can be arranged in abutting relationship thereby avoiding gaps forming between adjacent strips as a result of shrinkage during use.
  • insulation material is used in blanket or strip form, some suitable means is required to allow the insulation material to be affixed to an interior surface of a furnace wall.
  • Various methods have been attempted to achieve this objective.
  • pins or studs can be prewelded to a furnace wall and the insulation material can then be impaled onto the pins or studs and secured in position by means of nuts or the like.
  • the strips may be secured to the furnace wall by means of prewelded brackets which are welded to the furnace wall, with the strips being secured to the brackets by means of wired or the like which extend through the fiber strips or between folds thereof as, for instance, exemplified by NL-A-76 14300.
  • brackets must be prewelded in a particular layout making repositioning impossible or impractical.
  • handling of the strips is tedious and laborious.
  • the mat temperature gradient will normally not permit sulfuric or sulfurous acids to form except in the vicinity of the cold face of the mat. That is, only in the vicinity of the cold face of the mat, will the temperature be low enough for the sulfuric and/or sulfurous acid to form. Therefore, in the very zone where the insulation system is most vulnerable, the corrosive acids can form (and do form when sulfur containing fuels are employed). Again, in the most vulnerable area, the furnace casing or a backing sheet of the insulation material, provides metal which is corroded by acids in the interface zone of the insulation material and the furnace casing to produce ferric sulfates which corrode the ceramic fiber.
  • Applicant has postulated that because of the heating effect in a furnace, heated air will tend to rise and create excess pressure in the upper region of the furnace. This over pressure will result in air flow in an outward direction through insulation material lining the wall of the furnace.
  • high temperature will mean temperatures in excess of 1,600°F ⁇ a bout 870°C) and preferably in the range of about 1,600°F (about 870°C) to about 2,800°F (about 1,540°C) or more.
  • furnace walls shall means all furnace surfaces which require insulation including ceilings, doors, and the like.
  • Ceramic fiber insulation materials are commercially available from several manufacturers and are well-known to those of ordinary skill in this art.
  • ceramic fiber blankets are manufactured under the trademarks or trade names "Kaowool” (Babcock and Wilcox), “Fiber-Frax” (Carborundum Co.), “Lo-Con” (Carborundum Co.), “Cero-Felt” (John-Manville Corp.) and “SAFIL” (I.C.I.). While most of these ceramic fiber blankest have an indicated maximum operating temperature of about 2,300°F (about 1,260°C), the end or edge fiber exposure provided by reorientation of fiber strips can provide for effective operation up to about 2,800F (about 1540°C) when the appropriate grade of fiber is used. An appropriate grade would, for example be SAFFIL alumina fibers.
  • an insulation member for insulating a furnace surface comprising: (a) an insulation mat of resiliently deformable material having a cold face to be positioned against such a furnace surface, and having an opposed hot face; and (b) attachment means for attaching the mat to such a furnace surface, the attachment means comprising anchor means which is positioned oin the mat in spaced relationship with both the cold face and the hot face to locate the attachment means relatively to the mat, and connection means for attachment to such a furnace surface to attach the member to such a surface, characterized in that (i) the connection means is connected to the anchor means to be displaceable relatively thereto; (ii) in that the connection means is recessed inwardly relatively to the cold face for the attachment means to compress the cold face of the mat against such a furnace surface when force is applied to the connection means to urge it towards such a furnace surface for attachment thereto; and (iii) in that the anchor means comprises at least one anchor member which is positioned to extend through the mat for
  • the anchor means may comprise a plurality of elongated anchor members.
  • the attachment means is resiliently deformable for resiliently biasing or urging the mat into contact with a surface to be insulated when the attachment means is attached to such a su rface.
  • connection means may comprise a yoke having at least one connecting limb which is connected to the anchor means and extends towards the cold face, and having a fastening limb for attachment to a surface to be insulated.
  • the yoke is reliliently deformable by the fastening limb being resiliently flexible for a portion thereof so as to be resiliently deflectable towards a surface to be insulated, for attachment to such a surface and for thus resiliently biasing the mattowards such a surface.
  • the fastening limb may extend transversely to the connecting limb and be positioned to be proximate the cold face for the material of the mat to protect the resiliently flexible portion from losing its resiliency during use under temperature conditions for which the member is designed.
  • the yoke may have a pair of connecting limbs connected together by means of the fastening limb to provide a channel section configuration for the yoke, the free end portion of each connecting limb being connected to one of the anchor members.
  • the anchor means may comprise a plurality of elongated anchor tubes whyich are located in the mat in laterally spaced relationship, each having one connecting limb of the yoke connected thereto. This arrangement serves to distribute through the mat force applied by the connection means.
  • connection means may include a fastener device to be attached to a surface to be insulated to attach the connection means to such a surface, the fastener device defining a fastener zone which is positioned generally centrally relatively to the periphery of the cold face, the fastener device being fixed to the fastening limb of the yoke.
  • the fastener device may, for instance, include a fastener member in the form of a weld stud to be fastened to such a surface by means of an internal welding operation, the weld stud being threaded and including bias means in the form of a nut for biasing the attachment means towards such a surface.
  • the fastener device may comprise a fastener bracket which is fixed to the connection means, the fastener bracket having a bore through which is fusible portion of the weld stud extends, and having an arc shield which surrounds the fusible portion.
  • the insulation member of this invention may be in the form of a sheet or strip
  • the insulation member of this invention is in the form of an insulation module or block for use in side-by-side reltionship with corresponding modules or blocks to form an insulating lining.
  • the insulation member may therefore conveniently be in the form of a module of rectangular or square configuration.
  • the thickness of the module will depend upon the insulation characteristics of the insulation material and upon the environments for which the insulation member is designed.
  • the insulation material of the mat may be any suitable insulation material which will provide a required degree of heat insulation and which is resiliently deformable to allow the mat to be resiliently biased into engagement with a furnace surface.
  • the insulation material may therefore, for example, comprise a fibrous insulation material such as a mineral fiber material, a refractory fiber material or a ceramic fiber material. It will be appreciated, however that any other appropriate insulation material may be employed provided the material is resiliently deformable to permit the material of the mat to be resiliently biased or resiliently urged into engagement with a surface to be insulated.
  • the insulation material is a fibrous insulation material
  • the material may for specific applications of the invention be used in blanket form where the fibers are arranged in fiber planes with the planes running generally parallel to the surface to be insulated when the insulation member is attached to such a surface.
  • the fibrous insulation material is preferably a material which includes fiber planes which are arranged to extend transversely to the cold face of the member, with the fibers being randomly oriented in the fiber planes.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention consists in an insulation member for insulating a furnace surface, the member having a cold face to be directed towards such a furnace surface during use, having an opposed hot face, and having a plurality of sides, and the member comprising a deformable mat of fibrous insulation material and attachment means for attaching the mat to such a furnace surface, the fibrous insulation material including fiber planes which are arranged to extend transversely to the plane of the hot face, with the fibers of the fibrous material being randomly oriented in the fiber planes, and the attachment means comprising a plurality of elongated anchor members which are positioned in the mat to extend transversely to the fiber planes in spaced relationship with both the cold face and the hot face; characterized in that the attachment means further comprises yoke means having a fastening limb and a plurality of connection limbs which extend from the fastening limb, each connection limb having a free end portion connected to one anchor member, and the fastener limb defining a fastener zone which
  • the invention also consists in a method of providing insulation on a furnace surface, the method comprising attaching a mat of resiliently compressible insulation material which has a cold face to be positioned against such a furnace surface and which has an opposed hot face, to such a surface by means of attachment means which is spaced from both the cold face and the hot face, characterized in that force is applied to the attachment means to displace the attachment means towards the surface and urge the cold face of the mat into engagement with the surface, the attachment means including anchor means which extends through the mat to distribute the applied force through the mat to cause resilient compression of the cold face of the mat against the furnace surface.
  • reference numeral 10.1 refers generally to a high temperature insulation module for the insulation of high temperature furnaces, the module 10.1 comprising a deformable mat 12 of insulation material, and attachment means 14.1 for attaching the mat 12 to a furnace surface to be insulated, the attachment means 14.1 being resiliently deformable for resiliently biasing the mat 12 into conforming engagement with such a furnace surface.
  • the mat 12 has a cold face 16 which is to be directed towards a furnace or casing wall surface to be insulated during use, and has an opposed hot face 18 which would be directed towards the interior of a furnace during use.
  • the deformable mat 12 is preferably formed out of a ceramic fiber material in which the fibers of the material are randomly oriented in fiber planes 20, with the fiber planes being arranged in side-by-side relationship to extend from the cold face 16 to the hot face 18 at right angles to these faces.
  • the deformable mat 12 will be resistant to delamination and should be more resistant to devitrification and cracking.
  • the natural resiliency of the ceramic fiber will result in effective cover and thus concealment of the attachment means in the mat.
  • the attachment means will thus be protected by the fiber against the furnace heat.
  • the attachment means 14.1 comprises anchor means 22 and yoke means 24.1.
  • the anchor means 22 comprises an elongated, rigid anchor tube 26 which is located in the mat 12.
  • the anchor tube 26 is preferably a rigid tube of ceramic material which extends from one side to the opposed side of the mat 12 and is spaced from both the cold face 16 and the hot face 18.
  • the anchor tube 26 is spaced about 2 inches (about 50 mm) from the cold face 16.
  • the anchor tube 26 is spaced sufficiently from the hot face 18 to insure that it is protected from the furnace heat, and to thereby ensure that the yoke means 24.1 will likewise be protected from overheating during use.
  • the yoke means 24.1 comprises a connection limb 28.1 and a resiliently deformable fastening portion in the form of a fastening limb 30.1.
  • connection limb 28.1 has a hook formation 32 at its free end.
  • the hook formation 32 is engaged with the anchor tube 26 to thereby connect the yoke means 24.1 to the anchor means 22.
  • the fastening limb 30.1 extends from the opposed end of the connection limb 28.1 transversely thereto to provide a generally L-shaped configuration.
  • the yoke means 24.1 is made of a suitable material so that it will be resistant to corrosion and will at the same time be resiliently deflectable to provide the resilient deformability of the attachment means 14.1.
  • the yoke means 24.1 is therefore, for example, preferably made out of a stainless steel so that it will be resistant to corrosion and will be resiliently deformable.
  • the yoke means 24.1 is made out of a high yield material such as A304 stainless steel. This is one of the 18-8 stainless steel type A304 high yield materials which will be resistant to corrosion and which, with proper design and location, will remain resiliently deflectable during use in the required zone.
  • the yoke may, for example, be made out of'/,s inch (about 9 mm) diameter rod.
  • the anchor tubes may, for example, be made out of 12 inch long (about 300 mm) ceramic tube having a inch (about 12 mm) outside diameter and a ) inch (about 6 mm) inner diameter.
  • the thickness of the mat 12 between the hot and cold faces 18 and 16 will of course be appropriate for the furnace environment in which the module 10.1 is to be used. Typically, therefore, the thickness may be at least about 3 inches (about 75 mm), and may vary between about 3 inches (about 75 mm) and 6 inches (about 150 mm) or more.
  • the tube is conveniently positioned where it is spaced about 2 inches (about 50 mm) from the cold face 16. It will be appreciated, however, that the spacing may vary depending upon the furnace environment for which the module 10.1 is designed, the type of material from which the mat 12 is formed, the conductivity and properties of the material of the yoke means 24.1 and the extent to which compression of the material of the mat is required.
  • the yoke means 24.1 is engaged with the anchor tube 26 extends therefrom in the direction of the cold face 16.
  • the fastening limb 30.1 extends transversely to the connection limb 28.1 and lies generally in the plane of the cold face 16.
  • the fastening limb 30.1 is, however, recessed inwardly of the cold face 16 to permit resilient deflection of the yoke means 24.1 to provide a resilient biasing action during use.
  • the fastening limb 30.1 may be recessed say between inch (about 12 mm) and 1 inch (about 25 mm) from the cold face 16.
  • the attachment means 14.1 further includes a fastener device 34 for use in fastening the limb 30.1 to the surface 36 of a furnace wall or casing 38 as shown in Figure 2.
  • the fastener device 34 is in the form of a fastener bracket having a base wall 40, a flange 42 at one end of the base wall 40, and a gripping flange 44 at the opposed end of the base wall 40 in engagement with the fastening limb 30.1.
  • the gripping flange 44 may be in gripping engagement with the limb 30.1, may be crimped thereto, may be welded thereto, or may otherwise be connected thereto.
  • the base wall 40 is provided with a bore 46 for accommodating a weld stud to secure the fastener device 34 to the surface 36.
  • the module 10.1 includes a fastener member 48 which is accommodated with the fastener device 34 for fastening it to the surface 36.
  • the fastener member 48 comprises a weld stud 50 having a threaded shank 52 which extends through the bore 46, and having a stud tip 54 of relatively smaller cross-section at its end.
  • Bias means in the form of a nut 56, located on the threaded shank 52, serves when the module is installed in a furnace to urge the attachment means 14.1 towards a surface 36 to be insulated so as to compress the mat 12 into firm engagement with the surface 36.
  • the fastener device 34 further includes an arc shield 58 of ceramic material which is positioned in the fastener device 34.
  • the arc shield 58 is held in position by means of an annular retainer (not shown) which has radially inwardly extending fingers to engage with a groove (not shown) in the stud tip 54.
  • the module 10.1 In use, for attaching the module 10.1 to the surface 36, the module 10.1 will be provided with the attachment means 14.1 located therein, with the fastener device 34 mounted on the fastening limb 30.1, and with the shank 52 and nut 56 located in appropriate position on the fastener device 34.
  • the module 10.1 will include a removable guide sleeve 60 which is positioned over the nut 56 and engages therewith. The sleeve 60 serves. as a guide, as a conductor for the welding operation, and as a torque device.
  • an internal welding tool 62 For attaching the module 10.1 to the surface 36, an internal welding tool 62 will be employed.
  • the tool 62 is electrically operated, and has a barrel which is shaped to engage with the sleeve 60 to provide a firm engagement.
  • the module 10.1 For attaching the module 10.1 to the surface, the module will be positioned against the surface in a desired position whereafter the barrel of the tool 62 will be inserted into the guide sleeve 60 and engaged therewith.
  • the tool 62 can be actuated to cause an electrical current to flow through the sleeve 60, the shank 52 and the stud tip 54 into the casing 38.
  • the tip 54 because of its relatively smaller cross-sectional area, burns away and thus starts an arc.
  • the arc will be protected by the arc shield 58.
  • the shank 52 will not be itself first be caused to move towards the surface 36 because it is held in position by the retainer (not shown) as discussed above.
  • the nut 56 may now be tightened on the shank 52 simply by rotating the tool 62 about the axis of its barrel since the barrel is engaged with the sleeve 60, which is in turn engaged with the nut 56.
  • the nut 56 can be tightened on the shank 52 until it bears against the fastener device 34 and displaces the fastener device 34 towards or into contact with the surface 36.
  • the nut 56 operates as a bias means to bias the fastening limb 30.1 resiliently out of the mat 12 towards the surfaces 36.
  • the unbiased position of the fastening limb 30.1 is shown in dotted lines in Figure 2 whereas it is shown in solid lines in its resiliently biased position.
  • the yoke means 24.1 will apply tension to the anchor tube 26. Since the anchor tube 26 is an elongated rigid tube, the tension so applied will be distributed along the length of the tube 26. The tube 26 will therefore exert a resilient compression on the fiber between it and the surface 36 to thereby resiliently compress the fiber and thus the mat 12 into conforming engagement with the surface 36.
  • the fastening limb 30.1 is positioned proximate the cold face 16 ofthe module 10.1, the limb 30.1 and the adjacent portion of the connection limb 28.1 will be maintained at a sufficiently low temperature by the insulation material of the mat 12 for the yoke means 24.1 to maintain its resilience during use.
  • Resilient biasing of the mat 12 into conforming engagement with the surface 36 provides the advantage that the tendency for an air gap to be left or to be provided at the interface of the cold face 16 and the surface 36 will be reduced if not totally eliminated. Because the yoke means 24.1 maintains a resilient biasing effect, the cold face 16 should remain or should substantially remain in resilient engagement with the surface 36 even if the surface 36 becomes curved or bowed during deflection under the influence of temperature variations.
  • Applicant believes, therefore, that the elimination or reduction of any air gap between the cold face 16 and the surface 36 will reduce or totally eliminate any airflow downwardly along the surface 36 in this gap during use. Applicant believes, therefore, that this will eliminate or substantially reduce any heat loss and thus loss of efficiency attributable to such gas flow.
  • the module 10.1 provides the further advantage that the attachment means 14.1 is provided largely in the interior of the module with only the fastening limb 30.1 and the fastener device 34 in the vicinity of the cold face 16. These will therefore be the only components which would, under average furnace conditions, be subjected to corrosion.
  • the remaining parts of the yoke means 24.1 would tend to be spaced sufficiently from the cold face 16 to be at a sufficiently high temperature where water cannot exist and where sulfuric and sulfurous acids cannot therefore form.
  • corrosion of the module 10.1 at the cold face 16 interface should have no significant effect on the insulation properties of the module 10.1 or on the attachment of the module 10.1 to the surface 36.
  • the anchor tube 26 is non-corrosive, and that the yoke means 24.1 is made of a corrosion resistant material.
  • the yoke means 24.1 may be additionally coated with a corrosion resistant material, if required.
  • the modute 10.1 provides the further advantage that it has four soft sides which are not interfered with by a backing sheet, block, or the like.
  • Corresponding modules 10.1 can therefore be fastened to the surface 36 with their sides resiliently compressed into engagement with each other. This provides the advantage that if the casing 38 buckles towards the interior of the furnace into a convex shape as a result of temperature variation, if any gaps do form between adjacent modules 10.1 they would tend to be rather narrow and would tend to be shallow.
  • the module 10.1 provides the further advantage that if it is used for lining a ceiling of a furnace or the like, the anchor tube 26 distributes the location tension through the module 10.1 thereby reducing the tendency for the module 10.1 to sag away from the ceiling surface underthe action of gravity. This should therefore again reduce the tendency for significant gaps to form between adjacent modules.
  • anchor tube 26 extends transversely to the fiber planes 20 thereby providing for effective location thereof in the mat 12.
  • yoke means 24.1 lies generally parallel to the fiber planes 20.
  • the attachment means 14.1 may therefore be located in position by taking say half of the fiber planes 20 of the module 10.1, locating the yoke means 24.1 in position thereon, inserting half of the anchor tube 26 into the fibers through the hook formation 32, and then threading the remaining half of the fiber planes 20 onto the remainder of the anchor tube 26. It will be appreciated that bores may be formed or drilled into the fiber planes 20 of the mat 12 for accommodating the tube 26.
  • reference numeral 10.3 refers generally to an alternative form of module in accordance with this invention.
  • the module 10.3 however corresponds substantially with the module 10.1.
  • Like parts are therefore indicated by like reference numerals.
  • the module 10.1 is in the form of what would be termed a half module. It is therefore rectangular in plan view and is relatively narrow. It is primarily used for fitting into spaces which are too narrow for receiving regular modules. Because the module 10.1 is relatively narrow, a single anchor tube 26 may be employed with a single connection limb 28.1 and fastener 30.1 for the yoke means 24.1.
  • the module 10.3 illustrated in Figure 3 is more a module of regular size which would be square or rectangular in plan view. Because the module 10.3 is relatively wider than the module 10.1, the attachment means 14.3 has been expanded to distribute the resilient tension applied to the mat 12 of the module 10.3 more effectively through the module 10.3.
  • the module 10.3 would typically be 12 inches by 12 inches (305 by 305 mm) in size. In preferred application thereof, it would be mounted with corresponding modules in 11 inch by 11 inch (280 by 280 mm) spaces to provide for particularly effective resilient compression of the modules.
  • the attachment means 14.3 comprises a pair of ceramic anchor tubes 26 which are provided parallel to each other in laterally spaced relationship.
  • the tubes 26 again extend transversely to the fiber plans 20 for effective and firm embedment in the mat 12.
  • the tubes 26 each have a length of about 11 or 12 inches (280 to 305 mm) and a diameter of about inch (about 13 mm). Each tube therefore projects an area of almost 6 square inches (about 3870 mm 2 ) in the direction of the cold face 16 of the mat 12.
  • the mat 12 itself projects an area of about 144 square (about 92900 mm 2 ) in the direction of the cold face 16. Applicant has found that for a module in which the material of the mat 12 is a ceramic fiber material, this relationship between the projected area of the anchor tubes 26 and the projected area of the mat 12 in the direction of the cold face 16, namely a projected area of about 10% of projected area of the mat, is sufficient.
  • the tubes 26 do not, during use, tend to elongate the holes in which they are located in the mat 12.
  • the surface engagement between the tubes 26 and the material of the mat 12 is sufficient so that when the module 10.3 is attached to a furnace surface by means of the fastening means in the form of the fastener device 34, the module 10.3 will be held securely against the surface without the mat 12 tending to move away from the surface by the tubes 26 tending to move through the material of the mat 12 relatively to the cold face 16.
  • the surface area of the tubes increases without likewise increasing the weight of the anchor members. This therefore provides the advantage that the anchor tubes 26 remain securely embedded in the mat 12 for effective use of the module 10.3.
  • the yoke means 24.3 comprises a pair of connection limbs 28.3. Each connection limb 28.3 has a hook formation 32 at its free end which is hooked around one of the tubes 26.
  • connection limbs 28.3 are interconnected by means of an integral fastening limb 30.3.
  • the fastening limb 30.3 has the fastener device 34 located thereon.
  • the fastening limb 30.3 is recessed about inch (about 13 mm) inwardly of the cold face 16, is parallel to the cold face 16, and is resiliently bendably or deflectable towards the cold face 16 for attachment to a casing or furnace wall surface to thereby resiliently bias the anchor tubes 26 and thus the mat 12 into conforming engagement with the surface.
  • the fastener device 34 will, because of the arrangement of the anchor tubes 26 and the yoke means 24.3, be located proximate the cold face of the module 10.3 in a central position where it is inwardly spaced from the four sides of the module 10.3.
  • the attachment force which attaches the fastener device 34 to such surface will be distributed through the yoke means 24.3 and the anchor tubes 26 throughout or generally evenly throughout the mat 12. The even distribution of the attachment force will therefore insure that the module 10.3 is effectively held against the surface which is being insulated.
  • reference numeral 10.4 refers generally to a high temperature furnace insulation module which corresponds substantially with the module 10.3. Corresponding parts are therefore indicated by corresponding reference numerals.
  • FIG. 4 of the drawings the module 10.4 is shown prior to attachment to a surface of a furnace casing.
  • the fastener device 34 is shown having a guide sleeve 60 positioned thereon for guiding an internal welding tool 62 into position as described with reference to Figure 2.
  • the attachment means 14.4 of the module 10.4 is illustrated in detail in Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings. Corresponding parts have been identified with corresponding reference numerals to those shown in Figure 2. However, a retainer 64 has been shown in position in Figure 6. This retainer 64 has its outer periphery cooperating with the arc shield 58 to retain the arc shield in position. The retainer 64 has radially inwardly extending fingers which engage a groove 66 in the stud tip 54. When these fingers melt during the welding operation they release the shank 52 thereby permitting the remaining part of the tip 54 to be welded onto the surface 36.
  • the fiber material of the mat 12 will be firmly engaged with and will remain in engagement with the surface 36 regardless of its particular surface configurations during use.
  • reference numeral 10.5 refers generally to yet a further alternative embodiment of a module in accordance with this invention.
  • the module 10.5 corresponds substantially with the module 10.4 except that the anchor tubes 26 are arranged parallel to each other at an acute angle to the one pair of opposed sides of the mat 12.
  • This arrangement of the tubes 26 provides the advantage that two corresponding modules 10.5 can be mounted soldier fashion next to each other in resiliently compressed side-by-side engagement without interference between the anchor tubes 26 of the two adjacent modules 10.5. This is achieved by the inclined tubes 26 since they will not be in line.
  • reference numeral 10.6 refers to yet a further alternative embodiment of a module in accordance with the invention.
  • the yoke means 24.6 comprises two corresponding yoke members which have been resistance welded to each other to defince a bore 46.6 for receiving the stud tip 54 and threaded shank 52 of a fastener member 48.
  • the module 10.6 provides the advantage that the resilient tension applied by the yoke means 24.6 will be distributed further throughout the major plane of the mat 12 by the four connecting limbs to thereby encourage resilient biasing of the mat 12 into conforming engagement with a surface on which it is mounted.
  • reference numeral 24.7 refers generally to an alternative embodiment of yoke means to the yoke means 24.1 illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the yoke means 24.7 is formed by bending an elongated high yield metal rod into an L-shape to define connection limbs 28.7 and fastening limbs 30.7 so that the yoke means 24.7 are resiliently deformable by the fastening limbs 30.7 being resiliently flexible.
  • connection limbs 28.7 define a hook formation which is hooked onto the anchor tube 26, while the fastening limbs 30.7 define a bore 46.7 over which a washer can be positioned to distribute the load applied by a fastening stud, bolt or screw when used to resiliently bias the fastening limbs 30.7 into engagement with a furnace wall or casing surface.
  • reference number 10.8 refers generally to yet a further alternative embodiment of a module in accordance with this invention.
  • the module 10.8 corresponds generally with the module 10.4 except that the module 10.8 has attachment means comprising three anchor tubes 26, three connection limbs 28.8 and a single fastening limb 30.8 which is connected to the three connection limbs 28.8.
  • the resilient tension applied to the mat 12 can be increased as required for various sizes of modules and various applications of the invention.
  • the mat has been strengthened by depositing, such as by injection, a suitable resin in the zones 75 between the anchor tubes 26 and the cold face 16.
  • the resin in the zones 75 sets to provide reinforced zones 75 which resist elongation of the holes in which the anchor tubes 26 are provided.
  • the tubes 26 are resiliently biased towards a furnace wall surface, the tubes will effectively compress the insulation material into engagement with the surface.
  • the reinforced zones 75 therefore assist in distributing the compression forces of the tubes 26.
  • Any suitable resin or weak cement such as, for example, a colloidal silica may be provided in the zones 75.
  • compression force of the tubes 26 may also be distributed by other means such as, for example, by means of lateral extension from the tubes if desired.
  • modules in accordance with this invention may be wrapped in gauze material or paper, or may be bound with strips of paper, elastic material or the like.
  • the wrapping or binding material is preferably a material which will rupture on firing to release the mats 12 and allow the fibers of the mats to expand resiliently.
  • reference numeral 62.1 refers generally to yet a further alternative embodiment of a module in accordance with this invention.
  • the module 62.1 corresponds generally with the module 10.3 and with the module 10.4 of Figures 3 and 4. However, unlike the modules 10.3 and 10.4, the module 62.1 is not a module which is designed to be biased or resiliently compressed against a furnace wall.
  • the module 62.1 comprises a mat 63.1 which is a deformable mat of an appropriate insulation material.
  • the module 63.1 has a cold face 64.1, a hot face 65.1 and four sides 66.1.
  • the module 62.1 includes attachment means for attaching themat 63.1 to a furnace surface to be insulated.
  • the attachment means 67.1 comprises a plurality of elongated anchor members 68.1 which are tubular.
  • the module 62.1 has two anchor members 68.1 which are laterally spaced relatively to each other, and which are spaced from both the cold face 64.1 and the hot face 65.1.
  • Each anchor member 68.1 therefore has sufficient of the insulation material of the mat 63.1 between it and the cold face to allow the anchor member 68.1 to hold the mat 63.1 in position when attached to a furnace surface.
  • each anchor member 68.1 has sufficient insulation material between it and the hot face 65.1 to protect the anchor member 68.1 from the heat of the furnace during use.
  • the attachment means 67.1 further comprises yoke means 69.1.
  • the yoke means 69.1 comprises a fastening
  • the yoke means 69.1 further comprises a pair of connection limbs 71.1 which extend normally from opposed ends of the fastening limb 70.1.
  • the connection limbs 71.1 constitute a continuation of the material of the fastening limb 70.1 and are therefore integral therewith.
  • connection limb 71.1 has its free end bent into a circular or hook formation which slidably engaged with one of the anchor tubes 68.1.
  • the fastening limb 70.1 defines a fastener zone 73.1 at its centre.
  • the fastener zone 73.1 is positioned proximate or adjacent to the cold face 64.1, and is positioned where it is spaced inwardly of the sides 66.1 of the module 62.1. Indeed, in Figure 13 of the drawings, the fastener zone 73.1 is positioned centrally of the sides 66.1 of the module 62.1.
  • the attachment force with which the fastener zone 73.1 is fastened to such surface will be distributed through the yoke means 69.1 and through the anchor member 68.1, throughout the effective area of the mat 63.1. This will therefore insure that, by means of a single fastener zone 73.1, the module 62.1 can be readily and effectively located in position against a furnace wall.
  • attachment means 67.1 will be largely protected from the heat of the furnace by the mat 63.1, with the most vulnerable portion thereof, namely the fastener zone 73.1 and the fastening limb 70.1 effectively protected.
  • the spacing between the cold face and a furnace surface to be protected can be varied as required.
  • the attachment 67.1 provides the advantage that where the attachment means 67.1 is most closely positioned to the direct heat of the furnace during use, namely in the zone of the hook formations 72.1, the least stress will be applied directly to the attachment means 67.1. In the zone where the greater stress is applied to the attachment means 67.1, namely at the junction of the connection zones 71.1 and the fastening limb 70.1, the spacing from the hot face is at the furthest possible thereby maintaining the lowest possible temperature in this region. The greatest strength for the attachment means 67.1 therefore occurs in the area where the attachment means is coolest and is therefore the least subject to reduction of resiliency.
  • the fastener zone 73.1 is constituted by a fastener plate 74.1 which is spot welded to the fastening limb 70.1.
  • the fastgener plate 74.1 defines a bore 76.1 for accommodating a bolt, weld stud or the like, as described herein, for fastening the fastener plate 74.1 to a furnace surface.
  • reference numeral 67.2 refers generally to an alternative embodiment of attachment means for use in the module 62.1 of Figure 13.
  • the attachment means 67.2 corresponds substantially with the attachment means 67.1 except insofar as the fastener zone 73.2 is concerned.
  • the fastener zone 73.2 is in the form of a channel section bracket 74.2 which is located on the fastening limb 70.2 by spot welding.
  • the fastening limb 70.2 is a flattened V section in plan view so that the bore 76.2 of the bracket 74.2 is in line with the hook formations 72.2. This can tend to provide a more even distribution of the attachment force with which the fastener zone 73.2 is attached to a furnace wall surface.
  • reference numeral 67.3 comprises attachment means which corresponds substantially with the attachment means 67.2 of Figures 15 and 16.
  • the attachment means 67.3 instead of having a bent fastening limb 70.2 of general V section, has a fastening limb 70.3 with a semi-circularly curved central portion on which the fastener zone 73.3 is provided.
  • the semi-circularly curved portion again insures that the bore 76.3 of the fastener zone 73.3 is provided in line with the hook formations 72.3.
  • reference numeral 67.4 refers generally to yet a further alternative embodiment of attachment means in accordance with this invention.
  • the attachment means 67.4 has a fastening limb 70.4 formed out of a pair of rods.
  • the rods are located in parallel laterally spaced relationship by U-shaped connection limbs 71.4 which are resistance welded to the members of the fastening limb 70.4.
  • the U-shaped connection limbs therefore define hook formations 72.4 at their opposed ends.
  • the members constituting the fastening limb 70.4 are bent at their central zone to define a fastener zone 73.4 for receiving a fastener device or member.
  • reference numeral 67.5 refers to yet a further alternative embodiment of attachment means in accordance with this invention.
  • the attachment means 67.5 corresponds substantially with the attachment means 67.1 of Figure 13.
  • the attachment means 67.5 therefore comprises yoke means 69.5 comprising a fastening limb 70.5, connection limbs 71.5 which extend integrally from the fastening limb 70.5, and a fastener zone 73.5.
  • connection limb 71.5 With the end of the fastening limb 70.5, the yoke means 69.5, which is formed out of a stainless steel rod, has been flattened to reduce its bending resistance. This therefore more readily permits the connection limbs 71.5 to be bent towards and away from each other in a common plane.
  • This particular configuration of the yoke means 69.5 is appropriate especially for those embodiments of the invention where the mat with which the yoke means 69.5 is associated, is adapted to be resiliently compressed to compress the mat against a furnace surface to be insulated.
  • the yoke means 69.5 would be located in the mat so that it is recessed inwardly from the cold face of the mat.
  • the hook formations 72.5 can be displaced towards each other. This can have an undesirable effect on the mat since it can tend to marginally reduce the effective width of the mat. By being able to bend in the flattened zones, such movement of the hook formation 72.5 will tend to be reduced.
  • reference numberal 69.6 refers generally to an alternative embodiment of yoke means in accordance with this invention.
  • the yoke means 69.6 achieves the same objective as the yoke means 69.5.
  • the connection limbs 71.6 are hingedly connected to the fastening limb by means of complementary engaging hook formations 77.6.
  • reference numberal 62.7 refers to yet a further alternative embodiment of a module in accordance with this invention.
  • the module 62.7 comprises a mat 63.7 and attachment means comprising a yoke means 69.7, anchor members 68.7 and a fastener zone 73.7.
  • the fastener zone 73.7 is recessed inwardly of the cold face of the mat 63.7 so that, when it is resiliently biased into contact with a furnace surface to be insulated, the attachment force will be distributed throughout the mat 63.7 to resiliently compress the material of the mat 63.7 into firm engagement with the furnace surface.
  • the mat 63.7 comprises a composite mat having a first layer 78.7 and a second layer 79.7.
  • first layer 78.7 would be a higher grade insulation material than the second layer 79.7, and the composite mat 63.7 would be used to reduce the cost of the insulation material where this is possible for a particular furnace environment.
  • the first layer 78.7 would preferably be a layer formed out of ceramic fiber materials which are in edge grain orientation.
  • the second layer 79.7 may likewise be in edge grain orientation or may, if desired, be in blanket form where the fiber planes are generally parallel to the cold face.
  • the second layer 79.7 in blanket form, it would tend to provide effective resilience between the anchor tube 68.7 and the cold face thereby providing a firm engagement between the composite mat 63.7 and the furnace surface during use.
  • the module 62.7 should not lose its snug effect with adjacent modules during use.
  • the composite mat 63.7 may have the first layer 78.7 of a 8 pound density SAUDER Tll ceramic fiber while the second layer 79.7 may be an 8 pound density rock wool blanket.
  • the module 62.7 would be appropriate for use in a furnace where the hot face temperature would be about 1420°F (771°C).
  • the temperature at the interface between the first and second layers 78.7 and 79.7 would be about 950°F (510°C), while the temperature at the cold face would be about 178°F (81°C).
  • the composite mat of this invention can provide a substantial saving in cost where a lower grade insulation material can be used adjacent the cold face. It would tend to have particular application, therefore, where lower cold face temperatures than are usual in this industry, are required in specific applications.
  • reference numeral 62.8 refers to yet a further alternative embodiment of a module in accordance with this invention.
  • the module comprises a composite mat 63.8 and attachment means 67.8 which is located within the composite mat.
  • the composite mat 63.8 comprise a first layer 78.8 and a second layer 79.8.
  • the first layer is preferably a 6 pound density ceramic fiber available under the trademark SAFFIL
  • the second layer 79.8 is preferably an 8 pound density ceramic fiber available under the trademark SAUDER.
  • the first layer preferably has a thickness of about 114 millimeters whereas the second layer has a thickness of about 152 millimeters.
  • the module 62.8 would be appropriate for use in a furnace which would provide a temperature at the hot face of about 2400°F (1316°C). This would provide a temperature of about 2000°F (1093°C) at the anchor tubes 68.8, a temperature of about 1733°F (945°C) at the interface of the first and second layers 78.8 and 79.8, and a temperature of about 200°F (93°C) at the cold face.
  • the anchor tubes 68.8 as well as the attachment means 67.8 are made out of a high alumina ceramic material.
  • the attachment means. 67.8 includes an elongated bolt extending from the fastening limb 70.8 to the fastener zone 73.8.
  • the fastener zone 73.8 is positioned at the cold face so that, when the module 62.8 is attached to a furnace surface, the mat 63.8 will not be subjected to resilient compression. If resilient compression is required, the fastener zone 73.8 would be recessed inwardly of the cold face. In addition, it would include a laterally extending fastening bracket which is resiliently flexible so that the attachment means 67.8 has a resiliently flexible area spaced the furthest away from the hot face and therefore the least subject to loss of resiliency under increased temperature conditions during use.
  • reference numeral 62.9 refers to yet a further alternative embodiment of a module in accordance with this invention.
  • the module 62.9 corresponds substantially with the module 10.3 illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the module 62.9 includes two pairs of anchor tubes 68.9 and 80.9.
  • the anchor tubes 68.9 have yoke means 67.9 connected thereto, whereas the anchor tubes 80.9 have a corresponding yoke means 67.9 connected thereto.
  • Each yoke means 67.9 defines a fastener zone 73.9 which is generally centrally positioned of the mat 63.9.
  • the module 62.9 can be anchored more firmly to a furnace surface, and the anchor force will be distributed more evenly throughout the mat 63.9.
  • This particular arrangement can therefore have application where a more secure attachment and a more secure support of the mat 63.9 is required.
  • the module of applicant's invention as illustrated in the drawings provides the advantage that the module can be constructed in a simple and effective manner from separately manufactured components which can readily be assembled. Once the components have been assembled a module is formed which has the support means and the attachment means for attaching the module, self-contained within the mat of the module. The module can be attached by access through the material of the mat to the fastener zone of the attachment mean.
  • the module provides the further advantage that the positioning of the attachment means can be varied to provide the required distribution of attachment force through the mat of the module.
  • the positioning of the attachment means can be varied to provide for simple attachment to a furnace surface or to provide for resilient compression onto a furnace surface.
  • the attachment means may therefore be positioned so that the fastener zone is at the cold face or projects from the cold face.
  • the attachment means can be positioned so that the fastener zone is recessed inwardly from the cold face and must therefore be resiliently displaced to compress the fibers for attachment to a furnace surface.
  • the degree of compression can be adjusted by adjusting the extent to which the fastener zone is recessed inwardly of the cold face.
  • the attachment force can be distributed sufficiently evenly throughout the mat of the module to hold it either effectively in place or effectively in resilient compression against a furnace surface during use and during the normal effective life of the module.
  • the particular configuration of the yoke means provides the advantage that the anchor members will be drawn towards the cold face in planes at substantially right angels to the cold face with a limited tendency for the anchor tubes to be displaced laterally within the module.
  • the module can be effectively attached by means of a single attachment point which will be concealed at all times from furnace heat.
  • the single attachment point is sufficient for attachment of the average module and makes the module inexpensive to make and inexpensive to install.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)

Claims (26)

1. Ein Wärmedämmteil zum Dämmen einer Ofenfläche, wobei das Wärmedämmteil folgendes umfaßt:
(a) eine Dämmatte aus elastisch verformbarem Dämmaterial mit einer kalten Seite, die an solch eine Ofenfläche gelegt werden soll, und mit einer gegenüberliegenden heißen Seite; und
(b) ein Befestigungsmittel zum Befestigen der Matte an solch einer Ofenfläche;
(c) wobei das Befestigungsmittel ein Verankerungsmittel, das in der Matte in räumlichen Abstand sowohl zur kalten Seite als auch zur heißen Seite angeordnet ist, um das Befestigungsmittel bezüglich der Matte zu fixieren, und ein Verbindungsmittel zur Befestigung an solch einer Ofenfläche umfaßt, um das Teil an solch einer Fläche zu befestigen; dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
(i) das Verbindungsmittel mit dem Verankerungsmittel so verbunden ist, daß es bezüglich desselben versetzbar ist;
(ii) das Verbindungsmittel bezüglich der kalten Seite nach innen versenkt ist, damit das Befestigungsmittel die kalte Seite der Matte gegen solch eine Ofenfläche preßt, wenn Kraft auf das Verbindungsmittel ausgeübt wird, um es zur Befestigung daran in Richtung einer solchen Ofenfläche zu drücken; und
(iii) das Verankerungsmittel wenigstens ein Verankerungsteil umfaßt, das so angeordnet ist, daß es sich zur Verteilung der auf das Verbindungsmittel ausgeübten Kraft über die Matte durch die Matte hindurch erstreckt, um die kalte Seite der Matte während des Betriebs in festen Eingriff mit der Ofenfläche zu pressen.
2. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verankerungsmittel mehrere längliche Verankerungsteile umfaßt.
3. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Befestigungsmittel federnd verformbar ist, um die Matte elastisch vorzuspannen oder in Kontakt mit der zu dämmenden Fläche zu drücken, wenn das Befestigungsmittel an solch einer Fläche befestigt wird.
4. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungsmittel einen Bügel umfaßt, der wenigstens ein Verbindungsglied aufweist, das mit dem Verankerungsmittel verbunden ist und sich zur kalten Seite hin erstreckt, und der ein Befestigungsglied zur Befestigung an einer zu dämmenden Fläche aufweist.
5. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bügel dadurch federnd verformbar ist, daß das Befestigungsglied in einem Teilstück desselben federnd verbiegbar ist, um auf eine zu dämmende Fläche zu federnd durchbiegbar zu sein, zur Befestigung an solch einer Fläche und somit zur elastischen Vorspannung der Matte gegen solch eine Fläche.
6. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Befestigungsglied sich quer zum Verbindungsglied erstreckt und daß das Befestigungsglied in der Nähe der kalten Seite angeordnet ist, damit das Material der Matte den federnd verbiegbaren Teil davor schützt, seine Spannkraft während des Betriebs unter Temperaturbedingungen, für die das Teil gedacht ist, zu verlieren.
7. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bügel ein Paar Verbindungsglieder aufweist, die mittels des Befestigungsgliedes miteinander verbunden sind, um dem Bügel eine Rinnenprofil-Gestaltung zu geben, und daß das freie Endstück jedes Verbindungsgliedes mit einem der Verankerungsteile verbunden ist.
8. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verankerungsmittel mehrere längliche Verankerungsrohre umfaßt, die in der Matte mit seitlichem Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind, daß jedes ein damit verbundenes Verbindungsglied aufweist, und daß das Dämmaterial ein faseriges Dämmaterial umfaßt, das Faserebenen einschließt, die so angeordnet sind, daß sie sich quer zur kalten Seite des Teils erstrecken, wobei die Fasern des Dämmaterials in den Faserebenen zufällig ausgerichtet sind.
9. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungsmittel eine Befestigungseinrichtung einschließt, die an einer zu dämmenden Fläche befestigt werden soll, um das Verbindungsmittel an solch einer Fläche zu befestigen, wobei die Befestigungseinrichtung eine Befestigungszone festlegt, die im allgemeinen bezüglich des Randbereichs der kalten Seite mittig angeordnet ist, daß die Befestigungseinrichtung einen Bügel mit einem Paar Verbindungsgliedern umfaßt, die mittels eines Befestigungsgliedes miteinander verbunden sind, um dem Bügel eine Rinnenprofil-Gestaltung zu geben, daß die freien Endstücke der Verbindungsglieder mit den Verankerungsteilen verbunden sind und daß die Befestigungseinrichtung am Befestigungsglied befestigt ist.
10. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Befestigungseinrichtung ein Befestigungsteil in Form eines Schweißbolzens einschließt, der an solch einer Fläche mittels eines Innenschweißvorganges befestigt wird, wobei der Schweißbolzen mit einem Gewinde versehen ist und ein Vorspannmittel in Form einer Mutter einschließt, um das Befestigungsmittel gegen solch eine Fläche vorzuspannen.
11. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Befestigungseinrichtung eine Befestigungsklammer umfaßt, die am Verbindungsmittel befestigt ist, wobei die Befestigungsklammer eine Bohrung, durch die sich ein leicht schmelzbarer Teil des Schweißbolzens erstreckt, und ein Tunnelschild aufweist, der den leicht schmelzbaren Teil umgibt.
12. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es ein auf der Befestigungseinrichtung sitzendes Befestigungsteil einschließt, wobei das Befestigungsteil geeignet ist, an einer zu dämmenden Fläche befestigt zu werden, und wobei das Befestigungsteil ein Vorspannmittel zum Drücken des Befestigungsteils und somit zum Drücken des Befestigungsmittels gegen solch eine Fläche einschließt, um die Matte elastisch in festen Eingriff mit solch einer Fläche, zu drücken oder zu pressen.
13. Ein Teil gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Befestigungsmittel in der Matte eingebettet ist, und in dem das Verankerungsmittel so angeordnet ist, daß es sich quer zu den Faserebenen erstreckt.
14. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die länglichen Verankerungsteile so angeordnet sind, daß sie sich zur Verteilung der auf das Verbindungsmittel ausgeübten Kraft über die Matte durch die Matte hindurch erstrecken, um die kalte Seite der Matte elastisch in im wesentlichen vollständigen, anliegenden Eingriff mit der Ofenfläche zu pressen, wenn das Befestigungsmittel bei Befestigung daran gegen solch eine Ofenfläche gedrückt wird.
15. Ein Teil gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungsmittel abnehmbar mit dem Verankerungsmittel verbunden ist.
16. Ein Teil gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verankerungsmittel ein Paar längliche, röhrenförmige Verankerungsteile umfaßt, von denen jedes einen Oberflächenbereich überdeckt, der etwa 10% der in Richtung auf die kalte Seite projizierten Oberfläche des Moduls umfaßt.
17. Ein Teil gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es in der Form eines Wärmedämmoduls zur Befestigung Seite an Seite mit entsprechenden Modulen an Wandflächen eines Ofens zum Dämmen solcher Wände vorliegt und daß das Dämmaterial ein keramisches Faserdämmaterial umfaßt.
18. Ein Teil gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungsmittel eine Befestigungszone zur Verwendung beim Befestigen des Verbindungsmittels an einer zu dämmenden Ofenfläche einschließt und daß die Befestigungszone bezüglich der kalten Seite der Matte versenkt ist, aber näher zur kalten Seite als zum Verankerungsmittel liegt.
19. Ein Verfahren zum Bereitstellen einer Wärmedämmung auf einer Ofenfläche, wobei das Verfahren das Befestigen einer Matte aus elastisch komprimierbarem Dämmaterial, das eine an solch einer Fläche anzulegende kalte Seite und eine gegenüberliegende heiße Seite besitzt, an solch einer Fläche mittels eines Befestigungsmittels umfaßt, das sowohl von der kalten Seite als auch von der heißen Seite räumlich entfernt liegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Kraft auf das Befestigungsmittel ausgeübt wird, um das Befestigungsmittel in Richtung der Fläche zu verschieben und die kalte Seite der Matte in Eingriff mit der Fläche zu drücken, wobei das Befestigungsmittel ein Verankerungsmittel einschließt, das sich durch die Matte hindurch erstreckt, um die ausgeübt Kraft über die Matte zu verteilen, damit ein elastisches Andrücken der kalten Seite der Matte gegen die Ofenfläche bewirkt wird.
20. Ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die kalte Seite der Matte in anliegenden Eingriff mit der Fläche vorgespannt wird.
21. Ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 19 oder Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Befestigungsmittel federnd auf die Ofenfläche zu verschoben wird, um die kalte Seite der Matte elastisch in Eingriff mit der Ofenfläche vorzuspannen und um Spalte zwischen der kalten Seite und der Ofenfläche zum beseitigungen.
22. Ein Wärmedämmteil zum Dämmen einer Ofenfläche, wobei das Teile eine kalte Seite, die während des Betriebs gegen eine solche Ofenfläche gerichtet ist, eine gegenüberliegende heiße Seite und mehrere Seitenflächen besitzt, und wobei das Teil eine verformbare Matte aus faserigem Dämmaterial und ein Befestigungsmittel zum Befestigen der Matte an solch einer Ofenfläche umfaßt, wobei das faserige Dämmaterial Faserebenen einschließt, die so angeordnet sind, daß sie sich quer zur Ebene der heißen Seite erstrecken, wobei die Fasern des faserigen Materials in den Faserebenen zufällig ausgerichtet sind, und wobei das Befestigungsmittel mehrere längliche Verankerungsteile umfaßt, die so in der Matte angeordnet sind, daß sie sich quer zu den Faserebenen in räumlichen Abstand sowohl zur kalten Seite als auch zur heißen Seite erstrecken; dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Befestigungsmittel weiterhin ein Bügelteil mit einem Befestigungsglied und mehreren Verbindungsgliedern umfaßt, die sich vom Befestigungsglied weg erstrecken, wobei jedes Verbindungsglied ein freies Endstück besitzt, das mit einem Verankerungsteil verbunden ist, und wobei das Befestigungsglied eine Befestigungszone, die in der Nähe der kalten Seite und vor den Seitenflächen des Teiles in räumlichem Abstand nach innen angeordnet ist, zur Verwendung beim Befestigen des Teiles an solch einer Ofenfläche festlegt.
23. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Befestigungseinrichtung auf dem Befestigungsglied, die die Befestigungszone festlegt, und ein Befestigungsteil, das auf der Befestigungseinrichtung sitzt, einschließt, wobei das Befestigungsteil geeignet ist, an solch einer Ofenfläche befestigt zu werden, um die Befestigungseinrichtung und somit das Wärmedämmteil an solch einer Ofenfläche zu befestigen.
24. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Befestigungsteil einen Schweißbolzen umfaßt, der an solch einer Fläche mittels eines Innenschweißvorganges befestigt wird, wobei der Schweißbolzen mit einem Gewinde versehen ist und eine Mutter zum Vorspannen des Befestigungsmittels gegen solch eine Fläche einschließt.
25. Ein Teil gemäß Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnent, daß die Befestigungseinrichtung eine Befestigungsklammer umfaßt, die am Verbindungsmittel befestigt ist, wobei die Befestigungsklammer eine Bohrung, durch die sich ein leicht schmelzbarer Teil des Schweißbolzen erstreckt, und ein Tunnelschild aufweist, der den leicht schmelzbaren Teil umgibt.
26. Ein Teil gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 22 bis 25, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verankerungsmittel ein Paar längliche, röhrenförmige Verankerungsteile umfaßt, von denen jedes einen Oberflächenbereich überdeckt, der etwa 10% der in Richtung der kalten Seite projizierten Oberfläche des Moduls umfaßt.
EP82111084A 1981-12-17 1982-12-01 Wärmedämmung und deren Anwendung Expired EP0082361B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82111084T ATE26173T1 (de) 1981-12-17 1982-12-01 Waermedaemmung und deren anwendung.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US33167381A 1981-12-17 1981-12-17
US331673 1981-12-17
US38257082A 1982-05-27 1982-05-27
US382570 1982-05-27

Publications (2)

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EP0082361A1 EP0082361A1 (de) 1983-06-29
EP0082361B1 true EP0082361B1 (de) 1987-03-25

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EP (1) EP0082361B1 (de)
KR (1) KR890004624B1 (de)
AR (1) AR230759A1 (de)
AU (2) AU569698B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8207291A (de)
CA (1) CA1202874A (de)
DE (1) DE3275862D1 (de)
DK (1) DK158214C (de)
ES (1) ES8407574A1 (de)
FI (1) FI73075C (de)
GB (1) GB2111657B (de)
HK (1) HK20090A (de)
IN (1) IN157358B (de)
MX (1) MX159446A (de)
NO (1) NO162736C (de)
PT (1) PT75993B (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2572796B1 (fr) * 1984-11-06 1988-06-10 Lafarge Refractaires Dispositif de fixation sur une paroi-support d'un element d'isolation forme de fibres
US4714072A (en) * 1986-07-18 1987-12-22 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Mechanically attached two component ceramic fiber system
CZ2006257A3 (cs) * 2006-04-21 2007-07-04 Herbst@Jirí Pecní agregát

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2033559A (en) * 1978-10-27 1980-05-21 Mckechnie Refractory Fibres Heat-insulating fibrous panels
EP0024818A1 (de) * 1979-07-26 1981-03-11 A. P. Green Refractories Co. Isolierbauteil aus feuerfesten keramischen Fasern

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US2480241A (en) * 1944-07-03 1949-08-30 Universal Oil Prod Co Detachable clip suspended wall
US3819468A (en) * 1971-06-28 1974-06-25 Sander Ind Inc High temperature insulation module
US3854262A (en) * 1973-05-01 1974-12-17 Babcock & Wilcox Co Inpaled and compressed fibrous furnace lining
US3993237A (en) * 1974-02-25 1976-11-23 Sauder Industries, Inc. Method for providing high-temperature internal insulation
US4001996A (en) * 1974-06-03 1977-01-11 J. T. Thorpe Company Prefabricated insulating blocks for furnace lining
NL7614300A (en) * 1976-12-22 1978-06-26 Plibrico B V Cladding block assembly or refractory material and fastenings - from folded strips of ceramic fibre blanket in frames
GB2006413B (en) * 1977-10-22 1982-06-23 Mckechnie Refractory Fibres Thermal insulation systems
EP0007465B1 (de) * 1978-07-21 1981-12-30 Karrena GmbH Auskleidung für Feuerungsräume
DE2856441A1 (de) * 1978-12-28 1980-07-17 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur innenwandauskleidung von industrieoefen
US4381634A (en) * 1981-03-20 1983-05-03 Manville Service Corporation Fiber blanket insulation module

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2033559A (en) * 1978-10-27 1980-05-21 Mckechnie Refractory Fibres Heat-insulating fibrous panels
EP0024818A1 (de) * 1979-07-26 1981-03-11 A. P. Green Refractories Co. Isolierbauteil aus feuerfesten keramischen Fasern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR8207291A (pt) 1983-10-18
AU9084382A (en) 1983-06-23
KR840002977A (ko) 1984-07-21
DK158214C (da) 1990-09-03
CA1202874A (en) 1986-04-08
ES517936A0 (es) 1984-09-16
FI73075C (fi) 1987-08-10
GB2111657A (en) 1983-07-06
IN157358B (de) 1986-03-08
HK20090A (en) 1990-03-23
ES8407574A1 (es) 1984-09-16
AU606870B2 (en) 1991-02-21
AU569698B2 (en) 1988-02-18
AU7360287A (en) 1987-09-17
PT75993A (en) 1983-01-01
FI824031L (fi) 1983-06-18
DK158214B (da) 1990-04-09
MX159446A (es) 1989-06-09
PT75993B (en) 1985-02-27
FI73075B (fi) 1987-04-30
EP0082361A1 (de) 1983-06-29
NO162736B (no) 1989-10-30
NO824024L (no) 1983-06-20
FI824031A0 (fi) 1982-11-23
DE3275862D1 (en) 1987-04-30
AR230759A1 (es) 1984-06-29
NO162736C (no) 1990-02-07
DK527882A (da) 1983-06-18
KR890004624B1 (ko) 1989-11-20
GB2111657B (en) 1985-08-07

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