EP0080690A2 - Procédé pour éteindre l'arc dans des disjoncteurs haute tension de puissance élevée - Google Patents

Procédé pour éteindre l'arc dans des disjoncteurs haute tension de puissance élevée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0080690A2
EP0080690A2 EP82110829A EP82110829A EP0080690A2 EP 0080690 A2 EP0080690 A2 EP 0080690A2 EP 82110829 A EP82110829 A EP 82110829A EP 82110829 A EP82110829 A EP 82110829A EP 0080690 A2 EP0080690 A2 EP 0080690A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
plasma
piston
pressure
arc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82110829A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0080690B1 (fr
EP0080690A3 (en
Inventor
Helmut Dr. Sc. Nat. Hess
Hold Dr. Rer. Nat. Dienemann
Ekkehard Dr.-Ing. Anke
Heinz Dr.-Ing. Hänisch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VEB ELEKTROPROJEKT UND ANLAGENBAU BERLIN
Original Assignee
VEB Elektroprojekt und Anlagenbau Berlin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DD23528981A external-priority patent/DD206859A1/de
Priority claimed from DD24126482A external-priority patent/DD225259A2/de
Application filed by VEB Elektroprojekt und Anlagenbau Berlin filed Critical VEB Elektroprojekt und Anlagenbau Berlin
Publication of EP0080690A2 publication Critical patent/EP0080690A2/fr
Publication of EP0080690A3 publication Critical patent/EP0080690A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0080690B1 publication Critical patent/EP0080690B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for extinguishing the arc in high-voltage high-performance switches, in which higher pressures are used at least at the time when the switching contacts are disconnected in the switching chamber of the high-voltage high-performance switch.
  • the required pressurized gas is either taken from a container filled with compressed gas or the gas flow is connected to a movable switch contact of the switching section Piston within high voltage performance switch itself generated.
  • the flowing Höschgas absorbs energy from the arc and dissipates it.
  • only a fraction of the total energy dissipated remains in the switching chamber at the time of the voltage recovery. Nevertheless, at higher voltages, the switching path re-ignites due to insufficient solidification of the medium, which limits the switching voltage.
  • this high-voltage circuit breaker is also not suitable for cut off the current within a half cycle, working there in this high-voltage circuit breaker with high pressures to increase the dielectric strength in the switching chamber and is to be used to expand a sealable opening only for the rapid removal of the ionized partial 'chen.
  • the voltage that can be switched off per switching chamber is too low.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims solves the Task to create a method for extinguishing the arc in high-voltage high-performance switches in which, using higher pressures in the switching chamber, the switching arc plasma is cooled more effectively and the dielectric path solidifies more quickly, and the current is switched off within a half-wave without re-ignition, characterized in that a short-term, electrically well-conducting high-pressure plasma, which is preferably a compression plasma or a shock wave plasma, takes over the current in the switching chamber when the switch contacts are opened, and that the switching-arc plasma is then effectively extinguished by relaxation of the electrically well-conducting high-pressure plasma.
  • the current when the switching contacts are opened is taken over by a lower current density than in the case of the self-discharging, electrically highly conductive high-pressure plasma.
  • the compression plasma is generated as an electrically highly conductive high-pressure plasma by a piston flying freely in a compression tube, the free-flying piston reversing after reaching the maximum compression, whereby the electrically highly conductive high-pressure plasma relaxes in the switching chamber and cools down in the process .
  • an effective extinguishing of the arc can be achieved without re-ignition in a high-voltage high-performance switch with a movable and a fixed switching contact, namely when synchronously switching off alternating currents, in that the piston is axially or radially at the time of zero current crossing by igniting a cartridge in the compression tube shot in, the connection between the switch contacts at this time interrupted and then the switching arc plasma is displaced from the discharge space of the switching chamber via a controllable valve.
  • the still existing plasma is strongly compressed by the piston, so that the piston reverses after its energy has been released.
  • the piston returns, cold insulating gas is sucked into the switching path via the controllable valve and the piston is pushed back into its starting position, with explosion gases being discharged from the compression tube at the same time.
  • An increase in the cooling rate of the high-pressure plasma can be achieved if, when a certain pressure is exceeded or as a function of a control signal in the switching chamber, a membrane or a valve is opened, which enables expansion into an expansion chamber which is at approximately normal pressure.
  • a cold gas of high dielectric strength is advantageously let into the switching chamber after falling below a predetermined pressure in the expansion phase.
  • the essence of the invention is to be seen in the fact that the energy dissipation from the switching arc plasma is not carried out by a more or less uniformly flowing quenching gas, but by the relaxation of a high-pressure plasma that is electrically conductive at the start of switching and that the switching path is solidified by a very effective cold blowing agent - And test gas is caused, which flows into the switching chamber when the pressure in the switching chamber has dropped below the pressure in an extinguishing gas container due to the expansion of the electrically highly conductive high pressure plasma.
  • Another feature of the method according to the invention is to be seen in this context in that the dielectric strength can be made much cheaper with a switching contact freely movable in the compression tube compared to a switching contact movably arranged in the compression tube in a conventional design, since even with a small tube diameter the now freely moving switching contact can be extended practically any distance, which in the other case would only be achievable with a larger pipe diameter.
  • the shock wave plasma is used in the method according to the invention as an electrically highly conductive high pressure plasma, this is preferably caused by the blasting of a membrane in front of the propellant gas tank of a switching chamber designed as a membrane shock tube, after its passage past the switching contacts with the arrival of the rear contact surface of the shock wave plasma the temperature of the shock wave plasma and thus its conductivity suddenly drops. The temperature drops below room temperature. For electrical conductivity, this means a decrease of at least eight orders of magnitude. The arc burning between the opening switching contacts can be extinguished very effectively in this way.
  • An increase in the cooling rate is achieved if, for example, when a certain pressure in the switching chamber 1 is exceeded, a membrane 5 is opened which allows expansion into an expansion chamber 6 which is at normal pressure If the dielectric strength of the switching path is increased, will a cold gas of high dielectric strength pass through the pipeline after falling below a predetermined pressure in the expansion phase? let into the switching chamber 1.
  • the drive for the free-flying piston 2 can be effected by a high-pressure gas shock from a propellant gas tank 8 or by ignition of a cartridge, not shown, filled with powder.
  • a shock wave plasma 9 runs through the switching chamber 1 a few ms after receiving a control signal, which plasma plasma 9 was caused by the explosion of the membrane 10 in front of the propellant gas tank 8 of the switching chamber 1.
  • the switching chamber 1 is designed as a membrane shock tube, so that the shock wave plasma 9 is not destroyed.
  • an electrically highly conductive high-pressure plasma is guided past the switching contacts 4 for a specific time, until the rear contact surface 11 of the shock wave plasma 9 arrives. With the arrival of the rear contact surface 11, the temperature of the highly conductive high-pressure plasma, as can be seen from the temperature distribution, and thus also its conductivity, jumps, in such a way that the temperature falls below room temperature.
  • a reflected shock wave is prevented from returning to the switching chamber 1.
  • the duration of the high conductivity phase can be determined by the choice of pressures and types of gas for the propellant gas and the test gas and by the choice of the distance of the switching chamber 1 from the membrane 10.
  • the high pressure required for the propellant gas tank 8 must either be maintained continuously or it can be generated by strong, brief electrical discharge.
  • a piston 2 made of insulating material is injected axially to the arrangement of the switching contacts 4 by ignition of a cartridge 14 - process stage a - in such a way that it reaches the discharge path at the time of zero current - process stage b -.
  • the switching arc plasma 15 is displaced from the discharge space via a controllable inlet and outlet valve 16 - process stage c -.
  • the gap between the piston 2 and the tube wall of the compression tube 3 must be sufficiently small and the length of the piston 2 must be dimensioned so that the dielectric load can be borne.
  • the compression tube 3 consists of electrically non-conductive material.
  • the plasma remaining in a certain residual volume is strongly compressed - process stage d - so that the piston 2 reverses after its energy has been completely released. He sucks in cold gas via the controllable inlet and outlet valve 16 and thus leaves a sufficiently well insulating medium in the switching path. The cold gas brings the piston 2 back to its starting position and locks it there, at the same time exploding gases from the compression tube 3 a controllable outlet valve 17 removed - process stage e -.
  • the magazine containing the cartridges 14 for the piston drive is also advanced.
  • the side of the piston 2 facing the switching arc plasma 15 must have a protective layer against thermal and radiation influences.
  • the piston movement can be used to shift the movable switching contact of the switching contacts 4 or support the shift.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
EP19820110829 1981-12-01 1982-11-23 Procédé pour éteindre l'arc dans des disjoncteurs haute tension de puissance élevée Expired EP0080690B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD235289 1981-12-01
DD23528981A DD206859A1 (de) 1981-12-01 1981-12-01 Verfahren zum loeschen des lichtbogens in hochspannungs-hochleistungsschaltern
DD241264 1982-06-30
DD24126482A DD225259A2 (de) 1982-06-30 1982-06-30 Verfahren zum loeschen eines lichtbogens in hochspannungs-hochleistungsschaltern

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0080690A2 true EP0080690A2 (fr) 1983-06-08
EP0080690A3 EP0080690A3 (en) 1985-05-15
EP0080690B1 EP0080690B1 (fr) 1988-07-06

Family

ID=25747751

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820110829 Expired EP0080690B1 (fr) 1981-12-01 1982-11-23 Procédé pour éteindre l'arc dans des disjoncteurs haute tension de puissance élevée

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0080690B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3278747D1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0388323A1 (fr) * 1989-03-17 1990-09-19 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur électrique à auto-expansion et à gaz isolant
US5016475A (en) * 1989-09-20 1991-05-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Wiredrawing apparatus including an ultrasonic flaw detector

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1436152A (fr) * 1964-04-02 1966-04-22 Commutateur électrique, notamment à liquide
DE2824775A1 (de) * 1977-06-06 1979-01-11 V Elektrotech I V I Lenina Verfahren zur unterbrechung von gleichstrom und anordnung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US4250365A (en) * 1978-03-22 1981-02-10 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Current interrupter for fault current limiter and method
EP0057371A2 (fr) * 1981-01-30 1982-08-11 Institut "Prüffeld für elektrische Hochleistungstechnik" Procédé pour l'extinction des arcs de coupure et disjoncteur de puissance à haute tension

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1436152A (fr) * 1964-04-02 1966-04-22 Commutateur électrique, notamment à liquide
DE2824775A1 (de) * 1977-06-06 1979-01-11 V Elektrotech I V I Lenina Verfahren zur unterbrechung von gleichstrom und anordnung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US4250365A (en) * 1978-03-22 1981-02-10 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Current interrupter for fault current limiter and method
EP0057371A2 (fr) * 1981-01-30 1982-08-11 Institut "Prüffeld für elektrische Hochleistungstechnik" Procédé pour l'extinction des arcs de coupure et disjoncteur de puissance à haute tension

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0388323A1 (fr) * 1989-03-17 1990-09-19 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur électrique à auto-expansion et à gaz isolant
FR2644624A1 (fr) * 1989-03-17 1990-09-21 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur electrique a autoexpansion et a gaz isolant
US5057655A (en) * 1989-03-17 1991-10-15 Merlin Gerin Electrical circuit breaker with self-extinguishing expansion and insulating gas
US5016475A (en) * 1989-09-20 1991-05-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Wiredrawing apparatus including an ultrasonic flaw detector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3278747D1 (en) 1988-08-11
EP0080690B1 (fr) 1988-07-06
EP0080690A3 (en) 1985-05-15

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