EP0078864A1 - Transistorumformerapparat - Google Patents

Transistorumformerapparat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0078864A1
EP0078864A1 EP81109627A EP81109627A EP0078864A1 EP 0078864 A1 EP0078864 A1 EP 0078864A1 EP 81109627 A EP81109627 A EP 81109627A EP 81109627 A EP81109627 A EP 81109627A EP 0078864 A1 EP0078864 A1 EP 0078864A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
winding
output
inverter device
resonance circuit
higher harmonic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81109627A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hisao Kobayashi
Nanjou Aoike
Yasunobo Koshimura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Electric Equipment Corp
Original Assignee
Toshiba Electric Equipment Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toshiba Electric Equipment Corp filed Critical Toshiba Electric Equipment Corp
Priority to EP81109627A priority Critical patent/EP0078864A1/de
Publication of EP0078864A1 publication Critical patent/EP0078864A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/2881—Load circuits; Control thereof
    • H05B41/2882—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter
    • H05B41/2883—Load circuits; Control thereof the control resulting from an action on the static converter the controlled element being a DC/AC converter in the final stage, e.g. by harmonic mode starting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transistor inverter device in which an AC output signal obtained by switch controlling a pair of transistors so as to render the transistors alternately conductive is led out through a plurality of resonance circuits.
  • a waveform of an output signal from a normal transistor inverter device is sinusoidal, but a waveform as shown in Fig. l(a) is desirable for the waveform of an output signal from a transistor inverter device used in an operating device for a high intensity discharge lamp such as mercury lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps and metal halide lamps, for example.
  • the waveform shown in Fig. l(a) is formed by superposing to a fundamental wave at a period T a third higher harmonic wave at a 1/3 period of that of the fundamental wave.
  • a base voltage waveform of one of a pair of the transistors constituting the inverter when the inverter produces an output signal with the waveform as shown in Fig. l(a) is similar to and in synchronism with a waveform of the output signal from the inverter, as shown in Fig. l(b).
  • the actual base voltage waveform is slightly different from that of the output signal due to the leakage component of an inverter transformer. Under this condition, the transistor inverter device accordingly keeps a stable oscillation at the period T.
  • the internal impedance of the high intensity discharge lamp immediately after the start of its operation is zero, and increases up to its rated value as the pressure of the vaporized gas increases. Since the phase and amplitude of the oscillation output from an oscillation circuit are influenced by the internal impedance of the high intensity discharge lamp, the output waveform of the oscillation circuit varies with the continuous change of the impedance from zero to the rated value. At a time of starting of a mercury lamp of 250-watt, for instance, the internal impedance varies from zero to 60 ohms. The intermediate waveform at the lamp impedance of 0 to 20 ohms, for example, is as shown in Fig. l(d).
  • the base voltage waveform contains a period falling beyond the zero level during the half period (T/2), as shown in Fig. l(e), because the electromagnetic coupling between a main winding and a base winding for the third harmonic wave is stronger than that for the fundamental wave.
  • the collector current contains a zero level portion during the half-period.(T/2), as shown in Fig. l(f). In other words, an abnormal oscillation attendant with at random change of oscillation frequency takes place.
  • the waveform shown in Fig. l(f) is the one of the collector current of one of the pair of the transistors. Regarding to the collector current of the other transistor, the waveform is exactly the same as that of the counterpart except a difference of the phase of 180".
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a transistor inverter device which produces an oscillating output signal containing higher harmonics through a stable operation.
  • a transistor inverter device comprising: a DC power source for supplying a DC current; at least one switching transistor and a first winding connected in series with both ends of the DC power source; a fundamental wave resonance circuit adopted to receive an output current of the switching transistor to resonate at a fundamental frequency corresponding to a switching period of the switching transistor; at least one higher harmonic resonance circuit resonating at a frequency of at least one of the higher harmonic components with respect to the fundamental wave resonance frequency; means for supplying a composite signal of the fundamental wave component and the higher .harmonic component to a load; and a control circuit which forms a difference signal between the composite component and the higher harmonic component, and controls the switching operation of the switching transistor by the difference signal.
  • a DC power source 1 may be a battery, a rectifier for providing a rectified but not smoothed DC output, or a rectifier for providing a rectified and smoothed DC output.
  • Transistors 2 and 3 serve to switch the current fed from the DC power source 1.
  • the transistors 2, 3 are coupled in parallel with an input winding 4a of an output transformer 4. It should be understood, however, that the present invention is not limited to this connection arrangement, but applicable to any known arrangements.
  • Resistors 5 and 6 are base resistors through which base currents are fed to the transistors 2 and 3.
  • An inductor 7 connected between the source 1 and transistors 2 and 3 serves to restrict a high frequency component of the input current fed from the DC power source 1.
  • a capacitor 8 is connected across the input winding 4a of the output transformer 4 and cooperates with the winding 4a to form a starting resonance circuit A to be given referring to in Fig. 3.
  • An inductor 9 connected in series to the output winding 14b through a capacitor 10 and the discharge lamp 11 is used, together with the capacitor 8, for forming a second resonance circuit C, and the capacitor 10 cooperates with the output winding 14b to form a first resonance circuit B, as will be described referring to Fig. 3.
  • a switch control circuit 12 for switching the transistors 2 and 3 produces a different signal between a composite signal of output signals from the first and second resonance circuits B and C and the output signal from the second resonance circuit C and supplies the difference signal to the bases of the transistors 2 and 3 thereby switching the transistors 2 and 3.
  • the control circuit 12 includes a first winding 13 electromagnetically coupled with the output transformer 4 and a second winding 14 electromagnetically coupled with the inductor 9.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an equivalent circuit of the leading portion of the circuit shown in Fig. 2.
  • the first resonance circuit B is comprised of the output winding 4b, the capacitor 10 with the current restricting function and the discharge lamp load 11, and resonates at 30 kHz as the fundamental wave component.
  • the second resonance circuit C is comprised of the capacitor 8 connected across the input winding 4a, the inductor 9 and the discharge lamp 11.
  • the second resonance circuit C resonates at 90 kHz (third harmonic wave), for example, which is three times the fundamental wave frequency.
  • the resonance frequency may be properly selected to some degree by changing the circuit constants in the resonance circuit, if necessary.
  • a voltage as shown in Fig. 4(b) is induced in the first winding 13 electromagnetically coupled with the output transformer 4.
  • the inverter is operating in a mixed oscillation mode wherein a fundamental and harmonic waves are involved.
  • a third harmonic wave voltage as shown in Fig. 4(c) is induced in the second winding 14 electromagnetically coupled with the inductor 9.
  • the voltage of Fig. 4(c) does not include a fundamental wave component.
  • a closed circuit as indicated by an arrow A is the starting resonance circuit resonating at 40 kHz, for example, used for starting the operation of the load 11 in a no-load state. This starting resonance circuit is not essential to the present invention.
  • the polarity of the parallel resonance is inverted, the voltage induced in the first winding 13 is inverted. Then, the transistor in an ON state is turned off, while the transistor in an OFF state is turned on. Accordingly, the resonance voltage with the opposite polarity to the previous voltage is produced. Similarly, the polarity of the resonance voltage is then inverted, so that the transistors are switched. Subsequently, the just-mentioned operation is repeated. The resonance voltage thus produced is applied through the inductor 9 and the capacitor 10 to the discharge lamp 11 which in turn is operated.
  • the first and second resonance circuits B and C in Fig. 3 becomes active.
  • the first resonance circuit B resonates at the frequency of the fundamental wave component, 30 kHz, to produce the voltage of the fundamental frequency.
  • the second resonance circuit C resonates at the treble frequency of that of the fundamental wave component, 90 kHz, to produce the voltage shown in Fig. 4(c).
  • the composite voltage (Fig. 4(a)) of the fundamental wave component and the treble frequency component is applied to the load 11.
  • the composite voltage is induced in the first winding 13 and the third harmonic voltage is induced in the second winding 14.
  • the difference voltage between those voltages, i.e. the voltage of the fundamental wave component switch-controls the transistors 2 and 3. Therefore, a stable switching of the transistors is ensured free from the adverse effects by the voltage as shown in Fig. 4(c) or 4(d). Further, even if the load 11 becomes in an abnormal state, the oscillation of the transistor inverter is kept stably. ON the other hand, if those transistors are switched by using the voltage as shown in Fig.
  • Fig. 5 there is shown another embodiment of a transistor inverter device according to the present invention.
  • the output transformer 4' is of the insulating type.
  • a first resonance circuit B' is comprised of a capacitor 8 connected in parallel with an input winding 4a' of an output transformer 4', an inductor 15 with a current limiting function, and a load 11.
  • the second resonance circuit C' is formed of a capacitor 16 connected in parallel with an output winding 4b' of the output transformer 4', an inductor 17, an inductor 15 with the current limiting function and the load 11.
  • a switching control circuit 12' includes a first winding 18 electromagnetically coupled with the output transformer 4' and a second winding 19 electromagnetically coupled with the inductor 17.
  • the present embodiment can stably keep the oscillation of the transistor inverter, as in the first embodiment shown in Fig. 2.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments.
  • the high intensity discharge lamp as the load may be substituted by any other suitable load.
  • Another resonance circuit or circuits, in addition to the first and second resonance circuits, may be used in accordance with a waveform of the output signal from the inverter.
  • the control circuit must subtract the output component derived from the additional resonance circuit from the composite signal of the output signals derived from the resonance circuits.
  • the frequencies of the fundamental component and the higher harmonic component are not limited to the above-mentioned ones.
  • the transistor inverter device has a first resonance circuit resonating at the fundamental frequency component and a second resonance circuit resonating at the frequency of the higher harmonic component.
  • a signal formed by subtracting the high frequency component from the composite signal of the output signals produced from the respective resonance circuits is used for the switching control of the switching transistors. Therefore, there is eliminated an abnormal oscillation due to the higher harmonic component and the composite signal of the fundamental wave component and the higher harmonic component.
  • the transistor inverter provided by the present invention can keep a stable oscillation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP81109627A 1981-11-11 1981-11-11 Transistorumformerapparat Withdrawn EP0078864A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81109627A EP0078864A1 (de) 1981-11-11 1981-11-11 Transistorumformerapparat

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81109627A EP0078864A1 (de) 1981-11-11 1981-11-11 Transistorumformerapparat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0078864A1 true EP0078864A1 (de) 1983-05-18

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Family Applications (1)

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EP81109627A Withdrawn EP0078864A1 (de) 1981-11-11 1981-11-11 Transistorumformerapparat

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0078864A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4630005A (en) * 1982-05-03 1986-12-16 Brigham Young University Electronic inverter, particularly for use as ballast
GB2195843A (en) * 1986-09-29 1988-04-13 Re Gen Prod Ltd Energy transformation apparatus
WO2003077614A1 (de) * 2002-03-12 2003-09-18 B & S Elektronische Geräte GmbH Vorschaltgerät für eine entladungslampe
WO2010027390A2 (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Measurement circuit for an electronic ballast

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2074801A (en) * 1980-03-24 1981-11-04 Toshiba Electric Equip Apparatus for operating a discharge lamp

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2074801A (en) * 1980-03-24 1981-11-04 Toshiba Electric Equip Apparatus for operating a discharge lamp

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4630005A (en) * 1982-05-03 1986-12-16 Brigham Young University Electronic inverter, particularly for use as ballast
GB2195843A (en) * 1986-09-29 1988-04-13 Re Gen Prod Ltd Energy transformation apparatus
WO2003077614A1 (de) * 2002-03-12 2003-09-18 B & S Elektronische Geräte GmbH Vorschaltgerät für eine entladungslampe
US7053564B2 (en) 2002-03-12 2006-05-30 B & S Elektronische Geräte GmbH Ballast for a discharge lamp
WO2010027390A2 (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-03-11 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Measurement circuit for an electronic ballast
WO2010027390A3 (en) * 2008-09-05 2010-04-29 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Measurement circuit for an electronic ballast having coupled resonant inductors
US8049432B2 (en) 2008-09-05 2011-11-01 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Measurement circuit for an electronic ballast

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Effective date: 19811111

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Designated state(s): DE FR GB NL

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18W Application withdrawn

Withdrawal date: 19831012

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: KOBAYASHI, HISAO

Inventor name: KOSHIMURA, YASUNOBO

Inventor name: AOIKE, NANJOU