EP0078479B1 - Energieabsorbierende Sitzanlage - Google Patents

Energieabsorbierende Sitzanlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0078479B1
EP0078479B1 EP82109842A EP82109842A EP0078479B1 EP 0078479 B1 EP0078479 B1 EP 0078479B1 EP 82109842 A EP82109842 A EP 82109842A EP 82109842 A EP82109842 A EP 82109842A EP 0078479 B1 EP0078479 B1 EP 0078479B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy
members
pillars
tube
absorbing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82109842A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0078479A1 (de
Inventor
John Steven Martin
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Engineering Patents and Equipment Ltd
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Engineering Patents and Equipment Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Engineering Patents and Equipment Ltd filed Critical Engineering Patents and Equipment Ltd
Publication of EP0078479A1 publication Critical patent/EP0078479A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0078479B1 publication Critical patent/EP0078479B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D25/00—Emergency apparatus or devices, not otherwise provided for
    • B64D25/02—Supports or holding means for living bodies
    • B64D25/04—Seat modifications

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an energy-absorbing seat arrangement intended to minimise the consequences to the occupant of a crash in a transport facility, for example an aircraft such as a helicopter, in which the seat arrangement is fitted.
  • British Patent Specification No. 998535 discloses an energy-absorbing crashworthy seat for an aircraft in conformity with the features of the pre-characterising part of claim 1 and in which the seat back has a tubular frame of inverted U-shape which is fixed to a supporting frame, whilst the seat base is arranged to undergo energy-absorbing downward movement relative to the seat back in the event of a crash and to this end is fixed to drawable tubes disposed within the uprights of the inverted U-shaped back frame, these uprights having drawing dies at their lower ends through which the drawable tubes are drawn in the event of a crash.
  • drawable tubes are required to support all of the forces acting on the seat base in the event ofa crash, not merely those producing the energy absorbing drawing of the drawable members. Consequently, the drawable tubes must, for example, be designed to have a necessary resistance to bending and compressive stresses, which places limitations upon the extent to which drawable tubes may be designed for efficient energy absorption by drawing.
  • deformable metal members are provided in the form of elongate bolts which are drawn through dies under tension arising from impact or inertial forces in a crash situation, the drawing of said bolts through the dies serving to absorb the energy of the impact relatively gradually.
  • the bolts and dies are replaced by mandrels which are drawn through respective deformable tubular members to expand the same in the event of a crash.
  • an energy absorbing seat arrangement comprises a first structure including a seat pan 10 and a frame 12 secured to the back-support part of the seat pan 10, and the seat arrangement further comprises a second structure, including two pillars 14 and brackets 16 by means of which the pillars 14 are secured to a frame part 18 indicated only diagrammatically in the figures.
  • the pillars 14, which may, as shown, be of square cross-section, are mounted parallel with one another and lie in respective vertical for and aft planes. In the arrangement shown, the pillars 14 are also substantially parallel with the back of the seat pan 10, (although it will be appreciated that this is not essential) and so, in the arrangement shown, are, like the back of the seat pan 10, inclined slightly with respect to the vertical as viewed in side elevation in Figure 1.
  • the frame 12 is mounted for longitudinal sliding movement on the pillars 14 and comprises two sleeves 20 each being of substantially square cross section and receiving as a close sliding fit a respective one of the pillars 14, each sleeve 20 having a slot 22 formed through the rearwardly presented wall of the sleeve 20, down the middle thereof, from end to end of the sleeve, through which slot 22 extends the mounting flanges of the brackets 16 to which the respective pillar 14, disposed within the respective sleeve 20, is secured, for example by means of trasverse pins lying within the confines of the respective pillar 14.
  • Each sleeve 20 has at its upper and lower end a respective enlarged upper (24) and lower (26) collar portion each traversed by the slot 22, the two sleeves 20 being inter-connected by means of upper and lower transverse bars 28 and 30 respectively, each said transverse bar being fixed at each end thereof to a respective collar portion 24, 26 of the respective sleeve 20.
  • the collar portions 24, 26 are also conveniently provided with forwardly projecting vertical flanges 32 which extend over the side walls of the seat pan and are bolted thereto.
  • bolts 36 which, as explained in greater detail below, are fixed at their upper ends to cap members 38 fixed to the upper ends of the respective pillars 14, the bolts 36 extending through drawing dies carried by the upper collar portions 24 at the upper ends of the sleeves 20.
  • each rod 36 extends through a drawing passage in a respective drawing die 40 which is fitted within a respective bore 42 formed longitudinally through the upper collar portion 24, the die 40 having at its lower end a flange 44 which bears against the underside of the upper collar portion 24 and prevents the die 40 from being pulled upwardly through the bore 42.
  • Each bolt 36 is in the form of an elongate bar having a larger diameter cylindrical portion 36a, and a coaxial, smaller diameter cylindrical portion 36b connected by a frusto-conically tapering portion 36c coaxial with the portions 36a and 36b and being, at its respective axial ends, of the same diameters as the respective adjoining portions 36a and 36b.
  • Each bolt 36 has its larger diameter portion 36a extending below the respective die 40 and has its smaller diameter portion 36b extending through the respective die 40 to the cap member 38.
  • each die 40 comprises an upper, smaller diameter, cylindrical portion 40a which receives, as a close fit, the portion 36b of the respective bolt 36, and a coaxial, lower, frusto-conically tapering portion 40b which is complementary with, and receives, as a close fit, the tapering portion 36c of the respective bolt 36.
  • each upper collar portion 24 correspondingly carries four correspondingly arranged dies 40 (not shown in Figure 3) each receiving a respective one of the four bolts 36.
  • energy-absorbing means comprising at least one deformable metal tube 50, (only part of which is shown in Figure 4), the or each tube 50 receiving a, or a respective, mandrel 52 shown only partially in Figure 4.
  • the tube 50 has a portion 50a of larger internal and external diameter, a portion 50b of smaller internal and external diameter and a tapering portion 50c over which the internal and external diameters of the tube increase progressively, from those of the portion 50b at the junction between portions 50b and 50c to those of the portion 50a at the junctions of portions 50a and 50c.
  • the mandrel 52 comprises a head 54 in the form of a ball or bulb, the widest portion of which is accommodated within the tube portion 50a, and a tapering portion 56 of which fits snugly within the tapering portion 50c of the tube and extends to a narrower portion 56a of the mandrel received in the portion 504 of the tube 50 adjacent the junction between portions 50b and 50c.
  • the mandrel 52 has a shank 58 which extends from the mandrel head, coaxially within the tube portion 50b to a fixture (not shown), the shank 58 being of reduced diameter with respect to the interior of tube portion 50b.
  • the mandrel shank 58 may be secured at its end remote from the head 54 to a suitable member, for example a cap member similar to the cap member 38 fixed with respect to the pillar 14 and the end of the larger diameter portion 50a of the tube 50 remote from the tapering portion 50c may be appropriately secured to the frame 12.
  • the tubular member 50 is drawn downwardly relative to the mandrel 52, so that the tapering portion 50c and the adjoining part of the smaller diameter portion 50b are drawn over the mandrel head 54 whilst being expanded radially, undergoing plastic deformation in the process and absorbing the kinetic energy of the seat and occupant in substantially the same way as decribed in relation to the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3.
  • the bolts might equally well be secured to the frame 12 and the dies carried by the pillars 14, for example by the cap members 38, with the dies being inverted and the larger diameter portions of the bolts extending upwardly from the dies.
  • the mandrel and tube combination shown may be inverted with the uppermost, larger diameter portion of each tube fixed with respect to the pillars 14 and the downwardly extending shank 52 of the mandrel secured to the frame 12.
  • a mandrel head might be formed at the uper end of each pillar 14, with each sleeve 20 having an upward extension corresponding to the tube 50 and adapted to be drawn downwardly over and expanded by the respective pillar 14 in the event of an impact.
  • the deformation utilised for the absorption of energy may be the controlled bending or collapse of metal members.
  • the seat arrangement described with reference to the drawings is adapted to cases in which impact occurs from below, as this is the most likely circumstance where helicopters are concerned, and the seat arrangement shown in the drawings is particularly intended for use in a helicopter.
  • a similar seat arrangement might be utilised in other forms of transport and the like in which the anticipated direction of impact was different, e.g.
  • the members corresponding to the pillars 14 and sleeves 20, or the analogous guide means would be arranged to allow, under deformation of the respective deformable members, relative movement between the structure including the seat pan and the structure secured to the aircraft, vehicle or the like, along the anticipated direction of impact.

Claims (4)

1. Energieabsorbierende Sitzanlage, die eine erste Anordnung und eine zweite Anordnung einschließt, wobei eine der besagten Anordnungen eine Sitzschale einschließt und die andere der besagten Anordnungen an die Befestigung an ein Luftfahrzeug, Fahrzeug oder anderes Transportmittel angepaßt ist, wobei besagte erste Anordnung mit besagter zweiter Anordnung durch Mittel verbunden ist, die wenigstens ein plastisch verformbares Metallbauteil einschließen, das so angeordnet ist, daß es in dem Fall, in dem die Kraft, die zwischen besagter erster und zweiter Anordnung in wenigstens einer vorbestimmten Richtung wirkt, einen vorbestimmten Wert überschreitet, eine kontrollierte, vorbestimmte plastische Verformung derart durchmacht, daß eine kontrollierte, energieabsorbierende Bewegung zwischen besagten Anordnungen unter der Wirkung besagter Kraft stattfinden kann, wobei besagte erste Anordnung zwei parallele, i.a. vertikale Stützsäulen (14) aufweist, die sich in besagter vorbestimmter Richtung erstrecken, und besagte zweite Anordnung mit besagter erster Anordnung durch energieabsorbierende Einrichtungen verbunden ist, von denen jede ein Verformulsbauteil (40, 54) und ein besagtes plastisch verformbares Metallbauteil (36, 50) aufweist, das länglich und parallel zu besagten Stützsäulen ist und in Längsrichtung relativ zum jeweiligen Verformungsbauteil gezogen werden kann, wobei die erste Anordnung relativ zu besagter zweiter Anordnung so angebracht ist, daß eine relative Gleitbewegung zwischen der ersten und zweiten Anordnung längs besagter vorbestimmter Richtung ermöglicht wird, vorausgesetzt, daß die Kräfte, die zwischen besagter erster und zweiter Anordnung in besagter vorbestimmter Richtung wirken, den vorbestimmten Wert überschreiten, der notwendig ist, um die länglichen, plastisch verformbaren Metallbauteile relativ zu den entsprechenden Verformungsbauteilen zu ziehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß besagte erste Anordnung einen Rahmen (12) aufweist, der für jede besagte stützsäule (14) jeweils einen oberen Kragen (24), der die Stützsäule gleitfähig umschließt, und einen unteren Kragen (26), der die Stützsäule ebenfalls gleitfähig umschließt und entlang der Stützsäule von besagtem oberen Kragen mit Abstand angeordnet ist, zur Verfügung stellt, wobei besagte energieabsorbierende Einrichtungen so angeordnet sind, daß eine Gleitbewegung des besagten Rahmens relativ zu besagten Stützsäulen längs besagter vorbestimmter Richtung verhindert wird, außer durch das Lägsziehen der plastische verformbaren Metallbauteile (36, 50) relativ su den Verformungsbauteilen (40, 54) und die folgende energieabsorbierende Verformung der verformbaren Bauteile durch die Verformungsbauteile, und daß es mehrere besagter energieabsorbierender Einrichtungen für jede besagte Stützsäule gibt, die symmetrisch um die Längsachse der Stützsäule angeordnet sind sowie parallel dazu, wobei eines der besagten Bauteile (36, 50) jeder energieabsorbierenden Einrichtung .an einer Kappe (38) befestigt ist, die such an einem Ende der jeweiligen Stützsäule (14) befindet, und das andere der besagten Bauteile (40, 54) jeder energieabsorbierenden Einrichtung an dem jeweiligen Kragenteil (24), das näher an besagter Kappe ist, befestigt ist, wodurch in dem Falle, in dem die Kraft, die zwischen besagten Stützsäulen und besagten Rahmen in besagter vorbestimmter Richtung parallel zu besagten Stützsäulen wirkt, einen vorbestimmten Wert überschreitet, besagter Rahmen sich gleitend entlang besagter Stützsäulen bewegen wird, so daß die Kragen (24) von den jeweiligen Kappen (38) weggezogen und die verformbaren Bauteile (36, 50) relativ zu den Verformungsbauteilen (40, 54) gezogen werden.
2. Energieabsorbierende Sitzanlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens ein besagtes verformbares Bauteil einen länglichen Stab (36) aufweist, der ein Teilstück (36a) mit einem größeren Durchmesser und ein Teilstück (36b) mit einem kleineren Durchmesser aufweist, die durch ein sich verjüngendes Teilstück (36c) verbunden sind, wobei dasjenige Ende besagter Stange, das dichter am engeren Ende von besagtem sich verjüngenden Teilstück liegt als an dessen weiterem Ende, an der jeweiligen Kappe oder dem jeweiligen Kragen (38, 24) befestigt ist, wobei das sich verjüngende Teilstück (36c) durch einen sich entsprechend verjüngenden Durchgang (40b) zu einem Ziehring (40) hin verläuft, der das Verformungsbauteil darstellt, wodurch eine Kraft, die zwischen besagten Anordnungen in einer Richtung wirkt, daß besagte Stange in Spannung versetzt wird, wenn besagte Kraft besagten vorbestimmten Wert überschreitet, bewirken wird, daß besagte Stange durch besagten Ring (40) gezogen wird, während sie eine energieabsorbierende Verformung durchmacht.
3. Energieabsorbierende Sitzanlage nach Anspruch 1, wobei wenigstens ein besagtes verform- bares Bauteil ein längliches Rohr (50) aufweist, das ein Teilstück (50a) mit größerem Innendurchmesser und ein Teilstück (50b) mit kleinerem Innendurchmesser aufweist, die durch ein sich innen verjüngendes Teilstück (50c) verbunden sind, wobei besagtes Teilstück mit größerem Innendurchmesser bzgl. des jeweiligen Kragens oder der jeweiligen Kappe (24, 38) und eines Ziehdorn-Bauteiles, das durch besagtes Teilstück mit kleinerem Innendurchmesser verläuft, befestigt ist, wobei besagtes Ziehdorn-Bauteil das jeweilige Verformungsbauteil darstellt, wobei das Ziehdorn Bauteil (52) ein Kopfende (54) aufweist, das in besagtem Rohrteilstück (50a) mit größerem Innendurchmesser angebracht und über einen sich verjüngenden Hals (56), der durch besagtes sich verjüngendes Rohrteilstück (50c) verläuft, mit einer Stange (58) verbunden ist, die durch besagtes Rohrteilstück (50b) mit kleinerem Innendurchmesser zu der jeweiligen Kappe oder dem jeweiligen Kragen (38, 24) hin verläuft, an der (dem) das Rohr nicht befestigt ist, wodurch eine Kraft, die Zwischen besagten Stützsäulen und besagtem Rahmen in einer Richtung wirkt, daß besagtes Ziehdorn-Bauteil in Spannung versetzt wird, wenn besagte Kraft besagten vorbestimmten Wert überschreitet, bewirken wird, daß der Ziehdorn durch besagtes Rohr gezogen wird, wobei das sich verjüngende Teilstück des Rohres und das Teilstück des Rohres mit kleinerem Durchmesser in einer energieabsorbierenden Verformung des Rohres ausgeweitet werden.
4. Luftfahrzeug, Fahrzeug oder anderes Transportmittel, das mit einer energieabsorbierenden Sitzanlage nach jedem vorangehenden Anspruch ausgestattet ist.
EP82109842A 1981-11-02 1982-10-25 Energieabsorbierende Sitzanlage Expired EP0078479B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8133001 1981-11-02
GB8133001 1981-11-02

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EP0078479A1 EP0078479A1 (de) 1983-05-11
EP0078479B1 true EP0078479B1 (de) 1986-06-18

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US (1) US4523730A (de)
EP (1) EP0078479B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3271784D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2515606B1 (de)
IN (1) IN157306B (de)
IT (1) IT1155418B (de)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2650168B1 (de) 2012-04-10 2017-01-11 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co. KG Gehäuse, insbesondere gegen Detonationswirkung geschütztes Fahrzeuggehäuse
US8561748B1 (en) 2012-04-12 2013-10-22 Seats, Inc. Suspension configuration for a seat

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2515606B1 (fr) 1986-10-10
IN157306B (de) 1986-02-22
US4523730A (en) 1985-06-18
IT8223993A0 (it) 1982-10-29
FR2515606A1 (fr) 1983-05-06
IT1155418B (it) 1987-01-28
DE3271784D1 (en) 1986-07-24
EP0078479A1 (de) 1983-05-11

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