EP0073893B1 - Verfahren zur automatischen Fertigungskontrolle langgestreckter Werkstücke - Google Patents

Verfahren zur automatischen Fertigungskontrolle langgestreckter Werkstücke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0073893B1
EP0073893B1 EP82105940A EP82105940A EP0073893B1 EP 0073893 B1 EP0073893 B1 EP 0073893B1 EP 82105940 A EP82105940 A EP 82105940A EP 82105940 A EP82105940 A EP 82105940A EP 0073893 B1 EP0073893 B1 EP 0073893B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
probes
threshold value
zone
elongate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82105940A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0073893A2 (de
EP0073893A3 (en
Inventor
Erich Ing. Grad. Gerling
Karl-Heinz Schlusnus
Hans-Jürgen Dipl.-Phys. Wahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoesch AG
Original Assignee
Hoesch AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoesch AG filed Critical Hoesch AG
Publication of EP0073893A2 publication Critical patent/EP0073893A2/de
Publication of EP0073893A3 publication Critical patent/EP0073893A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0073893B1 publication Critical patent/EP0073893B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4409—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison
    • G01N29/4427—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor by comparison with stored values, e.g. threshold values
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
    • G01N29/27—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the material relative to a stationary sensor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4445—Classification of defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/02854—Length, thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method or a device according to the preamble of claim 1 or the preamble of claim 4.
  • This separate reference variable results from the processed signal echo of a distance measuring probe which, in addition to the at least 2 test heads shown in FIGS. 4 to 10 of DE-A-22 39 735, is available solely for control purposes.
  • a location or Determining the position of the reflector echo and, taking into account the propagation time of the sound and the relationship between the propagation time of the sound and the movement of the respective transmitter and receiver heads relative to the workpiece a statement about the type of reflector, i.e. a differentiation in error or form echoes.
  • a disadvantage of this type of differentiation is that the workpiece must have a shape deviation which can be detected as a signal variable for the distance measuring probe, as is the case, for example, with weld seams welded under powder. In the case of smoothed seams, e.g. In the case of scraped HF seams, such a method of reflector echo differentiation is not possible due to the lack of detectable geometric deviations.
  • a device is also known with which shape echoes and error displays in e.g. Fin tubes and polygonal profiles are to be distinguished (DE-B-22 51 426).
  • disturbing echoes such as those that can occur on the flanks of the fins on the tube or the corners of a polygonal profile, are to be excluded from the error evaluation.
  • the so-called step this could have the disadvantage of suppressing an error signal if the error and profile edge deliver the same duration of the echo signal.
  • a further method for the magnetic or magnetoinductive detection of longitudinal defects in the elongated metallic test material is known, in which a large number of probes is arranged over the workpiece area to be tested without gaps, with a 'combined between probes and workpiece rotational-translational relative movement prevails.
  • a fault zone as e.g. represents an elongated weld seam, detected and switched off in order to be able to detect defects in the test material.
  • An arrangement for determining surface irregularities on the inner wall of metal pipes (DE-B-21 42 372) is known, with which e.g. Elongated rolling defects in seamlessly rolled tubes can be detected with the aid of a capacitive scanning device arranged inside the tube.
  • This arrangement only works with an oscillating or rotary drive for a transverse movement to the workpiece area to be tested or longitudinal errors to be detected on the faulty side of the workpiece.
  • the invention has for its object to always be able to reliably and seamlessly distinguish different longitudinal error phenomena in the automatic production control of elongated workpieces, with systematic longitudinal errors in connection areas of workpieces, such as profile edges, weld seam elevations, bulging beads, deburring errors such as undercut or residual beads, being recognized and of other material -
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that, for example, welding defects or material defects are relatively short in relation to weld bead or geometrical irregularities in the workpiece surface caused by defective deburring. Furthermore, there was the knowledge that, for special applications, namely when monitoring a device for removing internal burrs in welded pipes, in particular faulty deep scraping, oblique scraping or residual beads, no conventional ultrasonic wall thickness measuring devices can be used because the weld area is too hot, even when the outer seam elevation has been processed, to be able to work without expensive coupling media. In this case, the arrangement of scanning devices inside the tube would also be problematic and practically impossible with a small tube diameter because of the hindrance caused by the deburring chips.
  • test heads Because of the possibility of arranging the test heads on the side of a hot weld seam, it is possible to work with commercially available ultrasonic test heads with a conventional water coupling. The relative movement between the ultrasonic probes and the workpiece is generated by the workpiece passing through; an additional drive for the test facility is not required.
  • a comparison of the integration result of the test tracks on both sides of the tested workpiece area provides, according to the invention, the difference as information about a possible asymmetry of an elongated geometry deviation, e.g. an oblique deep scraping when planing a weld seam superelevation.
  • this difference i.e. Display or report asymmetry of the contour very easily separately for both test tracks so that the operator can align the planing tool.
  • the selection of the insonification angle in the ultrasound test for internal defects is carried out depending on the test object or its shape and possible geometrical deviations.
  • Practice has shown that short material defects are permissible for certain products, but small elongated, notch-like geometrical deviations are not.
  • Threshold values of different sizes allow both signal amplitudes to be evaluated according to the errors.
  • the plates 10 and 11 are butt welded together in the connection area 12 to form a workpiece (FIG. 1).
  • the upper weld seam elevation in the connection area 12 has been completely worked off; the lower weld seam elevation shows faulty oblique scraping with an inclination from edge 14 to edge 13.
  • USB heads Two ultrasound angle test heads (US heads) 1, with insonification angles of 60 ° of an ultrasound test system, are arranged opposite one another in a stationary manner to the side of the connection area 12 of the workpiece directly behind the device for removing the weld seam elevations. They operate in pulse-echo mode, stimulated by transmitter 20, switched via test head switch 21.
  • the signals received by the receiver 3 and preamplified from false echoes and form echoes are passed via a main amplifier 4 to the monitor 6 and to the integrator monitor 5.
  • a lamp 7 reports that a predetermined threshold value of 5% or 10% of the sheet thickness has been exceeded due to errors, e.g. Slag inclusion or marginal zone defects.
  • Threshold violations in the case of shape errors, e.g. Defective scraping in the connection area 12 of the sheets 10, 11 is reported by the lamps 8, 9, lamp 8 being assigned to the left section and lamp 9 to the right section of the connection area 12. If there is an oblique scraping as here, with an inclination from edge 14 to edge 13, only lamp 8 is switched, in the case of incorrect horizontal scraping both lamps 8, 9.
  • the test sensitivity of the US heads can be set on screen 15 and their function can be monitored.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows the recording of display signals due to defects on the workpiece in a registration device 16 (FIG. 1); the amplitude of the signals is plotted over a length section of a tested workpiece:
  • FIG. 2a shows the echoes on the US head 1 due to material defects 17 and shape defects 18 due to faulty scraping in the position of the edge 13 (FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 2c shows the signal curve at the output of the integrator in the integrator monitor 5.
  • the relatively short material errors deliver only a slight increase 17 ′ of the integrator signal when integrating the area under the signal curve according to FIG. 2a.
  • the method and the device according to the invention can of course also be used for other purposes, e.g. when testing the weld seam of longitudinal seam tubes and spiral seam tubes, groove grooves, groove milling, etc.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
EP82105940A 1981-09-01 1982-07-03 Verfahren zur automatischen Fertigungskontrolle langgestreckter Werkstücke Expired EP0073893B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3134482 1981-09-01
DE19813134482 DE3134482A1 (de) 1981-09-01 1981-09-01 Verfahren zur automatischen fertigungskontrolle langgestreckter werkstuecke

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0073893A2 EP0073893A2 (de) 1983-03-16
EP0073893A3 EP0073893A3 (en) 1984-10-10
EP0073893B1 true EP0073893B1 (de) 1987-01-14

Family

ID=6140541

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82105940A Expired EP0073893B1 (de) 1981-09-01 1982-07-03 Verfahren zur automatischen Fertigungskontrolle langgestreckter Werkstücke

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4487070A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0073893B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5847253A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1194211A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3134482A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2136569B (en) * 1983-03-05 1987-02-25 Robert Joseph Savage Testing of structures
CH668484A5 (de) * 1985-05-10 1988-12-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Verfahren zur ultraschallpruefung von werkstuecken.
US4712722A (en) * 1985-09-04 1987-12-15 Eg&G, Inc. Concurrent ultrasonic weld evaluation system
US4856336A (en) * 1986-04-30 1989-08-15 Falkevich Sergei A Ultrasonic flaw detector
FR2694633B1 (fr) * 1992-08-04 1994-10-21 Lorraine Laminage Procédé et dispositif de contrôle du contact de deux tôles placées bord à bord.
FR2697914B1 (fr) * 1992-11-06 1994-12-16 Pechiney Rhenalu Méthode de contrôle par ultrasons de profilés métalliques creux à cloisons et de grande longueur.
CN1869679B (zh) * 2005-10-10 2011-05-11 四川升拓检测技术有限责任公司 采用双方向发振减小弹性波动信号测试误差的方法
WO2007116629A1 (ja) 2006-04-11 2007-10-18 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha 摩擦撹拌接合物の検査方法および検査装置
US7757558B2 (en) * 2007-03-19 2010-07-20 The Boeing Company Method and apparatus for inspecting a workpiece with angularly offset ultrasonic signals
US7712369B2 (en) * 2007-11-27 2010-05-11 The Boeing Company Array-based system and method for inspecting a workpiece with backscattered ultrasonic signals
DE102008039818B4 (de) * 2008-08-22 2015-10-01 Salzgitter Mannesmann Precision Gmbh Verfahren zur zerstörungsfreien Prüfung von metallischen Werkstücken auf Fehler mittels Ultraschall
JP6799982B2 (ja) * 2016-09-26 2020-12-16 神鋼検査サービス株式会社 線状体の異常検知方法および異常検知装置、ならびに線状体の異常検知装置に用いられる治具
WO2018079438A1 (ja) * 2016-10-25 2018-05-03 日本電気株式会社 判定装置、判定方法及びコンピュータ読み取り可能記録媒体
US11878364B2 (en) * 2022-06-27 2024-01-23 Soochow University Method for detecting surface welding quality of friction stir welding

Family Cites Families (13)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3274822A (en) * 1963-02-19 1966-09-27 Republic Steel Corp Apparatus for ultrasonic testing
DE1648664A1 (de) * 1967-01-31 1972-05-04 Ruhrgas Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum zerstoerungsfreien Pruefen von Werkstuecken mittels Ultraschallwellen im Impuls-Echo-Verfahren
US3791199A (en) * 1969-08-01 1974-02-12 Republic Steel Corp Ultrasonic inspection method and apparatus
DE2239735A1 (de) * 1972-08-12 1974-02-21 Krautkraemer Gmbh System zur erkennung und ultraschallpruefung von schweissnaehten
DE2260932C3 (de) * 1972-12-08 1979-05-23 Kraftwerk Union Ag, 4330 Muelheim Verfahren zum Bestimmen der RiBtiefe von in Werkstücken auftretenden Rissen
US3888114A (en) * 1974-03-06 1975-06-10 Amf Inc Verification means for shear wave ultrasonic inspection system
JPS531585A (en) * 1976-06-28 1978-01-09 Canon Horosonitsukusu Kk Ultrasonic flaw detector
JPS531584A (en) * 1976-06-28 1978-01-09 Canon Horosonitsukusu Kk Ultrasonic flaw detector
DE2722961C3 (de) * 1977-05-18 1980-11-20 Mannesmann Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf Anordnung zur vollautomatischen Schweißnahtfindung und -folgung
DE2835680A1 (de) * 1978-08-11 1980-02-14 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren zur us-querfehlerpruefung der schweissnaht up-geschweisster grossrohre
DE2916519C2 (de) * 1979-04-24 1983-05-26 Krautkrämer GmbH, 5000 Köln Verfahren zur Ausblendung von Störsignalen bei der Ultraschallprüfung
US4307616A (en) * 1979-12-26 1981-12-29 Rockwell International Corporation Signal processing technique for ultrasonic inspection
US4395911A (en) * 1981-03-18 1983-08-02 American Gas Association Method and apparatus for precise determination of girth weld defects

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0350221B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1991-08-01
EP0073893A2 (de) 1983-03-16
JPS5847253A (ja) 1983-03-18
DE3275127D1 (en) 1987-02-19
US4487070A (en) 1984-12-11
EP0073893A3 (en) 1984-10-10
CA1194211A (en) 1985-09-24
DE3134482A1 (de) 1983-03-31

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