EP0071086A1 - Procédé pour la fabrication de fibres liantes à partir de dispersions de polymères - Google Patents

Procédé pour la fabrication de fibres liantes à partir de dispersions de polymères Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0071086A1
EP0071086A1 EP82106302A EP82106302A EP0071086A1 EP 0071086 A1 EP0071086 A1 EP 0071086A1 EP 82106302 A EP82106302 A EP 82106302A EP 82106302 A EP82106302 A EP 82106302A EP 0071086 A1 EP0071086 A1 EP 0071086A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dispersions
weight
molecular weight
high molecular
fibers
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EP82106302A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0071086B1 (fr
Inventor
Richard Dr. Bung
Dieter Dr. Distler
Karl Gans
Gerold Schreyer
Gerhard Dr. Welzel
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Priority to AT82106302T priority Critical patent/ATE6876T1/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/40—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by applying a shearing force to a dispersion or solution of filament formable polymers, e.g. by stirring
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/18—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by means of rotating spinnerets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of binding fibers, in particular for the production of nonwovens after the wet process by combining certain polymer dispersions which contain anionic or nonionic dispersants with aqueous solutions containing cationic precipitants under mechanical conditions which cause the precipitated polymer particles to form fibers.
  • the aim of the invention was to find a process which allows polymer dispersions of various chemical origins to be processed in a simple manner both into fibrils and into thin fibers which are at least several millimeters long and which are suitable as binding fibers for the consolidation of nonwovens. and above all those dispersions whose polymer particles have higher intrinsic viscosities.
  • the principle of the invention is to use anionic or nonionic polymer dispersions whose rheological behavior is such. is that they have stringy properties (not Newtonian behavior). Such a principle was not yet known; rather, low-viscosity, non-stringy dispersions were used for the intended purpose.
  • suitable Dis p ER- emissions are a) suitable thickening those under the conditions of precipitation and fiber formation. These are, above all, those described in the earlier patent application P 30 25 562.0, to which express reference is made here.
  • Such dispersions have a dilatant flow behavior within a certain concentration range; they thicken under a certain mechanical load, i.e. their viscosity increases with increasing shear without any measurable time dependence.
  • the monomers are polymerized in aqueous emulsion with simultaneous agglomeration with only partial fusion of the polymer particles initially formed with a diameter of 5 to 200 nm at a temperature which is close to the glass transition temperature of the copolymers formed.
  • the solids content of the aqueous dispersion is then adjusted to 35 to 55% by weight and the pH to 3 to 5.
  • the carboxylic acids are copolymerized to 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 10% by weight, based on the solids content.
  • the solids content of the dispersions is in a range such that this dispersion is shear thickened, which corresponds to a critical shear rate of 0.5 to 500, preferably 10 to 400 sec -1 . This preferably corresponds to a solids content of 45 to 50% by weight.
  • monoolefinically unsaturated comonomers which are used to prepare the dilatant dispersions are very generally those which, on their own, polymerize to give water-insoluble homopolymers and which are copolymerizable with the carboxylic acids. All those mentioned in the earlier application mentioned are suitable as such, preferably methacrylic acid esters, acrylic acid esters each with C 1 -C 4 -alkanols and styrene and mixtures thereof. Depending on the proportion of unsaturated carboxylic acids, these are polymerized up to 99% by weight.
  • Terpolymers of 2 to 10% by weight of the carboxylic acids, up to 90% by weight of (meth) acrylic acid propyl or -n-butyl ester and up to 90% by weight of styrene or methyl methacrylate are particularly preferred.
  • up to 5% by weight, preferably up to 3% by weight of olefinically polyunsaturated monomers, which bring about crosslinking of the polymers may be copolymerized, for example divinylbenzene or divinylethyleneurea.
  • the polycondensates are e.g. those which are derived from urethanes, diisocyanates, terephthalic acid and polyhydric aromatic or aliphatic alcohols.
  • the latter polycondensation products are generally in the form of secondary dispersions.
  • the dispersions b) contain 0.05 to 10% by weight, based on the dispersion, of high-molecular water-soluble thickeners as defined according to the claims. Percentages of 0.2 to 5% by weight of the thickeners are preferably chosen.
  • suitable thickeners are poly (meth) acrylic acid and copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid in the form of their alkali metal salts, polyacrylamide or polyethylene oxide, the molecular weight of which is advantageously greater than 10 6 , preferably 2 to 10 ⁇ 10 6 . Linear or hardly branched polymers are particularly suitable.
  • the fibers are formed by precipitation of the dispersions in aqueous solutions of cationic precipitants.
  • precipitants can be of high or low molecular weight, and for example polyamidoamine-EDichlorohydrin resins which are neutralized with phosphoric acid, neutralized polyethyleneimine and also alkylarylammonium salts, such as trimethylbenzylammonium chloride.
  • the aqueous solutions of the precipitants are 0.5 to 10, preferably 1 to 5% by weight.
  • the precipitation takes place by simply combining the dispersions with the cationic precipitation baths using suitable devices which bring about optimum fiber formation.
  • a "soft” (rotation in the same direction) or “hard” (rotation in the opposite direction) can be set on the precipitant film.
  • the fibers can be varied in length, thickness and shape. The different speeds and directions can be set by the motors (18) and (19).
  • the fixed fibers are transported upwards with the precipitant film as a suspension and flung off into the collecting trough (14) at the edge of the funnel.
  • the fiber mass is obtained with a residual moisture content of precipitant.
  • the cleaned precipitant is fed into the storage container (15) and from there fed back to the coagulation funnel (11).
  • the amount of precipitant circulating can be varied by the geostatic height of the reservoir (15) relative to the coagulation funnel (11).
  • the stirrer (7) and the precipitant flowing in through the metering device (10) generate a drum (3) in the feed hopper (4) and a rotating precipitation bath in the homogenization chamber (8).
  • the polymer dispersion is introduced in a thin stream from a container with a downstream nozzle (1).
  • the resulting dispersion thread (2) travels downward in a spiral in the drum.
  • the surface of the thread is at least partially fixed by coagulation of the thread-like dispersion.
  • the coagulated dispersion thread is swirled into binding fibers or fibrils in the swirl chamber (5) and in the nip (6).
  • the fibers or fibrils formed are fixed by final coagulation and transported into the drainage space (9).
  • the pressure in the nozzle and the width of the nip fibers with different lengths, possibly fibrils, are formed with more or less branching on the surface and the ends.
  • the apparatus shown consists essentially of the turntable (12), coagulation funnel (11), the phase separation apparatus (16) and the precipitant reservoir (15).
  • the dispersion is applied centrally to the rotary plate (12) and atomized into fibers depending on the speed of the plate and the quantity of dispersion supplied.
  • the dispersion thread created by coagulation travels downward at a mean circumferential speed of approx. 7 m / s in the direction of rotation on the surface of the drum.
  • the coagulated dispersion thread is swirled into binding fibers in the swirl chamber and in the nip.
  • the fibers produced are transported into the drainage space by the rotating precipitation bath. They have an average length of 3 to 5 mm and an average diameter of 0.5 to 1 mm with a freeness of 4 to 5 SR 0 and a drainage time of approx. 1.1 minutes. Their surfaces are mostly smooth and their ends are partly branched.
  • + 1) sodium polyacrylate solution
  • + 2) polyacrylamide solution
  • Binding fibers were produced from this thread-pulling polymer dispersion analogously to the processing data of Example 1 in the precipitation bath from 97.5 parts by weight of water and 2.5 parts by weight of an aqueous 20% solution of polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin resin. These fibers have an average length of 1 to 2 mm and an average diameter of 0.3 to 0.8 mm with a grinding degree of 15 to 24 ° SR and a drainage time of approx. 15 minutes. Their surfaces are mostly smooth and their ends slightly branched.
  • Binding fibers were produced from this thread-pulling polymer dispersion analogously to the processing data of Example 1 in the precipitation bath from 98 parts by weight of water and 2 parts by weight of a 30% strength polyethyleneimine solution. These fibers have an average length of 2 to 4 mm and an average diameter of 0.4 to 0.6 mm with a freeness of 5 ° SR and a drainage time of approx. 1.33 minutes. Their surfaces are mostly smooth and their ends slightly branched.
  • a dilatant Polymerdis D ersion having a critical shear rate of 50 s -1 based on butyl acrylate / styrene / methacrylic acid / Methacrilamid in the ratio 70: 25: 2: 3 was analogous to the processing conditions of Example 1 in the coagulation bath of 99 weight . parts of water and 1 part by weight of a 25% solution of ethyl acrylate / diethylamine-ethyl acrylate are swirled into binding fibers.
  • the fibers obtained have an average length of 2 to 5 mm and an average diameter of 0.5 to 0.6 mm with a freeness of 10 ° SR and a dewatering time of approx. 5.3 minutes. Their surfaces are mostly smooth and their ends slightly branched.
  • Binding fibers were produced from this stringy polymer dispersion analogously to the processing data from Example 1 in the precipitation bath from 98 parts by weight of water and 2 parts by weight of a 30% strength polyethyleneimine solution. These fibers have an average length of 2 to 5 mm and an average diameter of 0.3 to 0.4 mm with a freeness of 7 ° SR and a drainage time of 4.25 minutes. Their surfaces are mostly smooth and their ends slightly branched.
  • the dilated dispersion from Example 4 is precipitated into binding fibers in a rotary plate separator with the precipitation bath from Example 4.
  • the dispersion is applied centrally to the turntable and hurled from it into the precipitation bath in the form of a thread.
  • the rotary table has a rotational speed of about 600 rev min -1, the co-rotating precipitation bath a speed of about 700 rev min -1.
  • the distance between the edge of the turntable and the precipitation bath is about 3 cm. This creates binding fibers with a diameter of approx. 0.5 mm and a length of 5 to 12 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
EP82106302A 1981-07-22 1982-07-14 Procédé pour la fabrication de fibres liantes à partir de dispersions de polymères Expired EP0071086B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82106302T ATE6876T1 (de) 1981-07-22 1982-07-14 Verfahren zur herstellung von bindefasern aus polymerisatdispersionen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813128871 DE3128871A1 (de) 1981-07-22 1981-07-22 Verfahren zur herstellung von bindefasern aus polymerisatdispersionen
DE3128871 1981-07-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0071086A1 true EP0071086A1 (fr) 1983-02-09
EP0071086B1 EP0071086B1 (fr) 1984-03-28

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Family Applications (1)

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EP82106302A Expired EP0071086B1 (fr) 1981-07-22 1982-07-14 Procédé pour la fabrication de fibres liantes à partir de dispersions de polymères

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EP (1) EP0071086B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE6876T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3128871A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0384234A1 (fr) * 1989-02-18 1990-08-29 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la fabrication de fibrilles à partir de mousses à alvéoles ouverts
WO2000039373A1 (fr) * 1998-12-28 2000-07-06 Pigeon Corporation Fibre reagissant a l'humidite, procede de production de cette fibre, non-tisse et utilisation de cette fibre et de ce non-tisse

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1803897A1 (de) * 1967-04-28 1970-05-14 Konink Papierfabrieken Van Gel Verfahren zur Herstellung eines faserfoermigen Bindemittels fuer Faservliesstoffe
EP0008809A2 (fr) * 1978-09-12 1980-03-19 Dulux Australia Ltd Fibrilles à structure cellulaire en une résine de polyester réticulé

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1803897A1 (de) * 1967-04-28 1970-05-14 Konink Papierfabrieken Van Gel Verfahren zur Herstellung eines faserfoermigen Bindemittels fuer Faservliesstoffe
EP0008809A2 (fr) * 1978-09-12 1980-03-19 Dulux Australia Ltd Fibrilles à structure cellulaire en une résine de polyester réticulé

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0384234A1 (fr) * 1989-02-18 1990-08-29 BASF Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la fabrication de fibrilles à partir de mousses à alvéoles ouverts
WO2000039373A1 (fr) * 1998-12-28 2000-07-06 Pigeon Corporation Fibre reagissant a l'humidite, procede de production de cette fibre, non-tisse et utilisation de cette fibre et de ce non-tisse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3128871A1 (de) 1983-02-10
ATE6876T1 (de) 1984-04-15
DE3260085D1 (en) 1984-05-03
EP0071086B1 (fr) 1984-03-28

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