EP0070243A1 - Method and apparatus for easily withdrawing wire from a wire coil irrespective of the original coiling method - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A process allowing to easily unwind spools of wire (2), whatever the winding of origin may be, according to which : said spools (2) are placed flat on a palette laid down on a plate (9), the axis of their central hole being vertically disposed, the wire (53) at first passes in an axial eyelet-hole (48) maintained above the spool and then passes on an upper reversing drum (50) ; characterized in that : a) the spool (2) is outwardly maintained by tightening it with a rigid and fixed device (12-28) during the unwinding, and b) the wire (53) is drawn up, from the central hole, by constraining each single turn which comes unwound to pass beneath a horizontal pressure roll (43) by drawing nearer to the centre and so increasing its curve, the pressure roll being radially mounted overhanging outside the spool (2) by leaning against this down, up to its complete unwinding.

Description

Technical area.

The present invention relates to a method for easily unwinding reels of wire rod, aluminum or copper or any other metal, whatever the original winding mode. It also relates to the apparatus making it possible to apply said method.

Problem.

It is a matter of being able to unwind quickly and without incident the wire, previously wound up in a reel, To be able to use it in machines absorbing it with sudden starts and stops.

State of the prior art and drawbacks.

The wires concerned are mainly but not exclusively non-ferrous metals and mainly aluminum and copper. These metals are currently continuously cast and rolled at very high speed by the well-known continuous casting and rolling process on a wheel partially surrounded by a flat metal belt.

In order to rapidly wind the wire as and manufacture without being restricted by the rate of deceleration, it was necessary in some cases, to abandon the conventional method of circulating ^the winding area by traversing along a horizontal axis supporting an expandable mandrel (Figures 1 and 2) and replace it with a vertical helical winding falling flat on a receiver (pallet or other) with or without central mandrel (1) or external basket, which gave rise to a winding by layers that has been shown in Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6.

Depending on the shape, the length, the eccentricity of the turn, the speed of rotation of the tube forming the helix, the distribution, the average diameter, the thickness of the sheets obtained by continuous or sequential rotation more or less slow, from the pallet or the receiving mandrel, various forms of winding are obtained. The more or less thick tablecloths can be arranged, laid flat in different ways, either in a spiral, in a tablecloth, in rosettes, etc. as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6.

All these rapid flat windings without cutting have a much lower weight / volume ratio than that of circular winding by cutting on a horizontal mandrel (Figures 1 and 2).

In wire drawing plants, it should be noted that the rewinding (2), (3) or ( ⁴ ) of the wire, known as machine wire, constitutes an intermediate stage between rolling and the wire drawing.

When these two operations are located in the same place, the coils (3) or (4) are used as they are. When these workshops are far enough apart from each other, it is necessary, in order to avoid costly transport costs, to increase the weight / volume ratio by vertically pressing the coil so as to tighten the turns which, given their method of manufacture, tend to form spring. This operation can trap one or more improperly placed turns and give serious trouble to the user during unwinding. Indeed, this takes place by vertical traction on the wire starting from the center of the coil where possibility of blocking, brutal unwinding of several layers, knot formation, wire breakage.

These incidents can have large conse- ^q uences during drawing or use the wire rod by injecting aluminum into a steel ladle in order to complete the deoxidation.

The latter is done through machines described in French Patent No. 2,112,093 of 21/10/1970, ^No. 2184456 of 05/15/1972, No. 2,402,000 _{2. 09} . ₁₉₇₇ , n ° 2 433 581 of 19.07.1979, n ° 2 491 364 of 3.10.1980. These machines are mainly designed for the flat but they can use wire called machine wire, whatever the diameter thereof depending on the requirements of the price and also the speed setting for a flow rate in kg / min predetermined.

In order to counter all subsequent jolts and incidents, it is essential to be certain of obtaining a correct unwinding of the reel.

Apparently, to date, only the helical winding in a rosette on a metal mandrel (1), both support and wire distributor allows a correct unwinding (Figures 5 and 6).

This process requires a significant investment in special machine, in metal support mandrel (1), in development labor. Coils, very bulky, having a fairly low weight / volume ratio (hence significant transport costs) are generally obtained from a normal coil (2) obtained by circular winding and cutting or from coils obtained by helical winding without mandrel. They are then _r éenroulées rosette, the yarn is drawn in one and distributed over the second by means of a train of drive rollers and pressers analogous to that described in the patents already mentioned above.

It is therefore an operation that is not very logical and relatively expensive.

It is possible to unwind one or more reels (2) of one to two tonnes obtained by normal winding, that is to say by circular wound cutting on a horizontal axis. It is then a matter of doing the opposite operation, that is to say of placing on a support with a horizontal hub, and of pulling the wire from the outside (Figures 7 and 8).

The drawback of this system is linked to the weight and the diameter as well as the speed of unwinding, and is due to the phenomenon of inertia which is all the greater as the parameters cited are so. It is therefore necessary to install on the reel (5) (Figures 7 and 8) a brake (6) with progressive or brutal tightening in order to avoid untimely unwinding of several turns, hence the risk of folds or knots forming. The investment of such an unwinder is expensive and cumbersome. It often requires additional handling since the coils (2) are often delivered flat on pallets.

The attempts made so far to use coils wound normally (2) (circular by cutting) and placed with their vertical axis on a fixed pallet (7) by vertically pulling the wire through the center (Figure 9) by passing it on a return drum (8) have given encouraging results due to the arrival simultaneous of several turns which determine the nodes and a blockage. On the other hand, the slightest incident, the final course results in a sudden collapse of the last five to _d ix windings making them virtually unusable (Figure 10). A winding comprising, depending on the height of the coil and the diameter of the wire, fifty to one hundred twenty turns of large diameter, this frequent incident results in definitive by a significant fall in weight therefore very expensive given the price of the metal.

The object of the present invention is, whatever the initial winding mode of the spool of thread, to be able, by means of a very simple apparatus, to unwind it without any incident by vertically pulling the thread starting from the center , using the patented machines already mentioned.

• - le ralentissement du touret supportant la bobine utilisée
• - l'arrêt de la machine pendant le raboutage
• - la remise en route et l'accélération du touret supportant la nouvelle bobine.

In certain manufacturing operations, for example wire drawing, it is necessary to join the final end of the thread of a reel already used with the start end of a new reel. This requires :

• - the slowing down of the reel supporting the reel used
• - stopping the machine during splicing
• - restarting and acceleration of the reel supporting the new reel.

This results in a waste of time.

In addition, the inertia of the reel and its reel (reel) limits the speed and especially the variations in speed of the reel.

. The invention also aims to avoid these drawbacks.

The method and the apparatus which will now be described are valid for spools of wire of current diameter ranging from 9.5 to 19.5 mm, with spools (2) or (3) placed with their vertical axis on a pallet handling (7).

Statement of the invention.

• a) qu'on passe lesdites bobines à plat sur une platine avec l'axe de leur trou central disposé verticalement,
• b) que l'on maintient extérieurement la bobine en cours de déroulage en la serrant par un dispositif rigide fixe,
• c) que l'on tire le fil vers le haut, à partir du trou central en obligeant les spires se déroulant à augmenter quelque peu leur courbure en glissant sur un rouleau presseur horizontal, c'est-à-dire radial, en porte-à-faux, tenu à l'extérieur de la bobine et approchant de l'axe de celle-ci, en appuyant vers le bas, jusqu'à dévidement complet/ de la bobine.
• _d) que l'on oblige le fil à passer dans un oeillet axial maintenu au-dessus de la bobine,
• e) que l'on passe enfin le fil sur un tambour de renvoi Supérieur.

The process which is the subject of the invention is mainly characterized by the fact:

• a) passing said coils flat on a plate with the axis of their central hole arranged vertically,
• b) that the reel is held externally during unwinding by clamping it with a rigid fixed device,
• c) that the wire is pulled upwards, starting from the central hole, forcing the unwinding turns to slightly increase their curvature by sliding on a horizontal (i.e. radial) pressure roller in carrier overhang, held on the outside of the spool and approaching the axis of the latter, pressing down, until the spool is fully unwound.
• _d ) that the wire is forced to pass through an axial eyelet held above the spool,
• e) that the wire is finally passed over a Upper return drum.

• al d'une platine horizontale destinée à supporter la palette Porte-bobine et le montant mentionné ci-dessous,
• b) un solide montant vertical principal, fixé fermement sur le bord de la platine, dans lequel pivotent les traverses horizontales d'un corset articulé en plusieurs battants, Partiellement cylindriques, comportant des montants verticaux faisant saillie vers l'intérieur pour maintenir extérieurement la bobine, les battants extrêmes comportant des moyens de fermeture et de serrage du corset, l'ouverture de ces battants s'effectuant suffisamment largement pour pouvoir introduire les bobines sur la platine ;
• c) un rouleau presseur horizontal disposé radialement par rapport à la bobine, l'axe dudit rouleau étant rigidement fixé dans un coulisseau susceptible de se déplacer verticalement dans la partie supérieure du montant fixe sous l'effet d'un vérin approprié suivant une course suffisante pour que ledit rouleau
  • - dans un premier temps, dégage l'accès de la platine pour y poser la bobine,
  • - dans un deuxième temps, appuie constamment au cours du déroulage ou dévidage le dessus de ladite bobine, la longueur dudit rouleau étant légèrement inférieure au rayon extérieur de la bobine et, à cet effet, présentant un réglage de sa longueur pour s'adapter aux différents diamètres de bobines ;
• d) un oeillet horizontal fixe disposé à au moins un mètre au-dessus du centre de la bobine,
• ^e) un tambour de renvoi à axe horizontal situé au-dessus de l'oeillet,

The apparatus for applying the process which has just been defined is mainly characterized by the combination:

• al of a horizontal plate intended to support the reel holder pallet and the amount mentioned below,
• b) a solid main vertical upright, fixed firmly on the edge of the plate, in which the crosspieces pivot horizontal of a corset articulated in several leaves, Partially cylindrical, comprising vertical uprights projecting inwardly to hold the coil externally, the extreme leaves comprising means for closing and tightening the corset, the opening of these leaves s '' performing sufficiently widely to be able to introduce the coils on the plate;
• c) a horizontal pressure roller disposed radially with respect to the spool, the axis of said roller being rigidly fixed in a slide capable of moving vertically in the upper part of the fixed upright under the effect of a suitable jack following a sufficient stroke so that said roller
  • - firstly, clear the access to the plate to place the coil there,
  • - secondly, constantly presses during unwinding or unwinding the top of said reel, the length of said roll being slightly less than the outside radius of the reel and, for this purpose, having an adjustment of its length to adapt to the different diameters of coils;
• d) a fixed horizontal eyelet placed at least one meter above the center of the spool,
• ^e ) a return drum with a horizontal axis located above the eyelet,

The main purpose of the device is to unwind thread.

• a) la platine est fixe et scellée dans le sol,
• _b) le montant vertical principal fixe a une section carrée et supporte, par des charnières, au moins deux battants ouvrant faisant chacun environ le tiers du tour de la bobine et dont les montants marginaux les plus éloignés des charnières fixes sont conçus pour s'appuyer sur la bobine et comportent des charnières mobiles d'autres battants extrêmes faisant chacun environ le sixième du tour de la bobine, les montants libres de ces battants extrêmes comportant des fermetures complémentaires assurant le verrouillage et le serrage autour de la bobine du corset articulé, si bien que la bobine est'maintenue extérieurement par au moins trois montants espacés angulairement d'environ un tiers de tour,
• c) le rouleau presseur horizontal se déplace verticalement, sous l'effet d'un vérin pneumatique situé dans le montant vertical tout comme le coulisseau, ledit montant présentant, à sa partie supérieure, au niveau du coulisseau, au moins une fente verticale laissant le passage à l'axe du rouleau, l'effort du vérin étant suffisant pour maintenir le dessus de la bobine et toutes ses spires,
• d) l'oeillet est maintenu par un support horizontal fixé à la partie supérieure du montant fixe,
• e) le tambour de renvoi comporte des flasques latéraux.

It is characterized by the fact that

• a) the plate is fixed and sealed in the ground,
• _b ) the fixed main vertical upright has a square section and supports, by hinges, at least two leaves opening each making about a third of the turn of the coil and whose marginal amounts furthest from the fixed hinges are designed to rest on the spool and comprise movable hinges of other extreme leaves each making about one sixth of the turn of the coil, the free amounts of these extreme leaves comprising complementary closures ensuring locking and tightening around the spool of the articulated corset, if although the coil is held externally by at least three uprights spaced angularly by about a third of a turn,
• c) the horizontal pressure roller moves vertically, under the effect of a pneumatic cylinder located in the vertical upright just like the slide, said upright having, at its upper part, at the level of the slide, at least one vertical slot leaving the passage to the axis of the roller, the force of the jack being sufficient to maintain the top of the coil and all its turns,
• d) the eyelet is held by a horizontal support fixed to the upper part of the fixed upright,
• e) the return drum has lateral flanges.

According to a preferred embodiment, the solid fixed vertical upright consists of two irons U whose free edges of the wings are welded. The corset is locked and tightened by oscillating locks with a spiral profile cam or by fixed hooks at the end of springs or by jacks, in particular jacks tires.

• a) une deuxième platine,
• b) une deuxième série de battants ouvrant avec leur verrouillage et leur serrage,
• c) une deuxième série de battants ouvrant un deuxième rouleau Presseur horizontal actionné par le même coulisseau et le même vérin,
• d) un deuxième oeillet maintenu par un support au-dessus du montant fixe, .
• ^e) un deuxième tambour de renvoi permettant ainsi de dévider simultanément ou successivement deux bobines.

The device may comprise, placed symmetrically with respect to the main fixed upright,:

• a) a second plate,
• b) a second series of leaves opening with their locking and tightening,
• c) a second series of leaves opening a second horizontal pressure roller actuated by the same slide and the same jack,
• d) a second eyelet held by a support above the fixed amount,.
• ^e ) a second return drum thus allowing two reels to be unwound simultaneously or successively.

Different combinations of devices of the invention can be made. First of all can be ^the first jume- to another identical unit, except that there is a total of only one or two drums court, allowing to unwind simultaneously and / or sequentially four coils. It is also possible to associate several juxtaposed devices comprising coils, the unwound wire of which passes over a single return drum.

It is also possible to provide several plates and a single oblong-shaped eyelet disposed in a direction parallel to the plane comprising the axes of the coils. By providing a joining device between the plates, one can ensure a permanent unwinding or unwinding of the wire, without any stopping. This is done by joining the end of the end of a reel with the end of the start of the next reel, it being understood that we always start by unwinding the central turns of the coils by winding up the outer turns.

Advantages and industrial result.

• 1) du profil et de la section du métal,
• 2) du mode de bobinage,
• 3) du poids et du nombre de bobines en service.

First of all the user has the free choice

• 1) profile and section of the metal,
• 2) the winding mode,
• 3) the weight and number of coils in service.

He therefore has total, but personal, freedom to source aluminum wire or other metal at the best technical and economic conditions depending on the facilities at his disposal.

This process complements the patents already cited. It can also be used to facilitate the unwinding of the coils during the drawing operation, an operation which consists in passing the wire through a succession of dies in order to reduce the original diameter so that products can be placed on the market. , wires or cables in aluminum, copper, steel, directly usable by the final consumer (industry or individual).

The device which is the subject of the invention, which has just been described, makes it possible to increase the efficiency of machines for injecting aluminum wire or flat, which is the subject of the patents cited above. They make it possible to obtain a large supply of food, the supply of a current product being able to be obtained at the best price. Handling is also reduced and an original product can be used without intermediate modification. The mechanism requires no energy consumption. The workforce is reduced. Storage security in a space restricted in the workplace is reached.

The manufacture of wires with a diameter of 9.5 or 12.5 is very widespread, and therefore subject to serious commercial competition.

The method and apparatus of the invention avoid, for instance, some drawbacks which have been mentioned at the beginning of the present specification and in particular the productive _ti on nodes, blocking and metal loss that follows.

Devices with multiple plates also allow the storage of a large quantity of metal ensuring the supply of the devices of use by reducing the frequency of restocking.

The use of multiple plates with splicing device makes it possible to eliminate the unwinding stops, which is particularly appreciated in certain manufacturing procedures, in particular in wire drawing.

The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description below which gives some nonlimiting examples of practical embodiment and which are illustrated by the accompanying drawings.

Brief description of the figures.

• La figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'une bobine de fil enroulée de façon circulaire par trancanage, ladite bobine étant posée avec son axe vertical.
• La figure 2 est une vue en plan de la bobine de la figure 1.
• La figure 3 est une vue en élévation d'une bobine de fil enroulée hélicoidalement autour d'axes verticaux suivant des nappes hypocycloïdales horizontales en spirale sans mandrin central.
• La figure 4 est une vue en plan de la bobine de la figure 3.
• La figure 5 est une vue en élévation d'une bobine de fil enroulée hélicoïdalement autour d'un mandrin central se prolongeant par des supports inférieurs avec crochets extérieurs, ledit enroulement se faisant par nappes hypocycloïdales horizontales.
• La figure 6 est une vue en plan de la bobine de la figure 5.
• La figure 7 est une coupe verticale, suivant l'axe, d'un support de dévidage d'une bobine de fil enroulé circulairement par trancanage.
• La figure 8 est une vue de côté du support et de la bobine représentés à la figure 7.
• La figure 9 est une coupe verticale d'une installation, avec bobine à plat enroulée par trancanage, pour le dévidage de ladite bobine dévidée par le centre.
• La figure 10 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 9 illustrant ce qu'il se produit à la fin du déroulement.
• La figure 11 est une coupe verticale d'une installation suivant le procédé de l'invention, avec une seule bobine en cours de dévidare.
• La figure 12 est une coupe verticale d'une autre installation suivant l'invention, avec deux bobines
  
  de dévidage.
• La figure 13 est une vue en plan de l'installation représentée à la figure 12.
• La figure 14 est une vue schématique en plan d'une autre version de l'installation de l'invention avec quatre bobines en cours de dévidage disposées en carré.
• La figure 15 est une vue schématique en plan encore d'une autre version de l'installation de l'invention avec quatre bobines alignées en cours de dévidage.
• La figure 16 est une vue en élévation de l'installation de l'invention représentée à la figure 11.
• La figure 17 est une vue en plan d'un appareil avec des battants dont l'ouverture et la fermeture sont commandées par des vérins pneumatiques.
• La figure 18 est une vue en plan d'un appareil avec deux platines et un seul oeillet oblong permettant le raboutage en cours de déroulement ou dévidage.
• La figure 19 est une vue en élévation de l'appareil de la figure 18.

In these drawings:

• Figure 1 is an elevational view of a wire coil wound in a circular manner by cutting, said coil being placed with its vertical axis.
• Figure 2 is a plan view of the coil of Figure 1.
• Figure 3 is an elevational view of a coil of wire helically wound around vertical axes along horizontal spiral hypocycloidal sheets without central mandrel.
• Figure 4 is a plan view of the coil of Figure 3.
• Figure 5 is an elevational view of a coil of wire helically wound around a central mandrel extending by lower supports with external hooks, said winding being carried out by horizontal hypocycloid plies.
• Figure 6 is a plan view of the coil of Figure 5.
• Figure 7 is a vertical section along the axis of a support for unwinding a coil of wire wound circularly by cutting.
• FIG. 8 is a side view of the support and of the coil shown in FIG. 7.
• Figure 9 is a vertical section of an installation, with flat coil wound by cutting, for the unwinding of said reel unwound by the center.
• Figure 10 is a view similar to that of Figure 9 illustrating what happens at the end of the process.
• Figure 11 is a vertical section of an installation according to the method of the invention, with a single coil during reeling.
• Figure 12 is a vertical section of another installation according to the invention, with two coils
  
  unwinding.
• FIG. 13 is a plan view of the installation shown in FIG. 12.
• Figure 14 is a schematic plan view of another version of the installation of the invention with four coils being unwound arranged in a square.
• Figure 15 is a schematic plan view of yet another version of the installation of the invention with four coils aligned during unwinding.
• FIG. 16 is an elevation view of the installation of the invention shown in FIG. 11.
• Figure 17 is a plan view of an apparatus with leaves, the opening and closing of which are controlled by pneumatic cylinders.
• Figure 18 is a plan view of an apparatus with two plates and a single oblong eyelet allowing the splicing during unwinding or unwinding.
• Figure 19 is an elevational view of the apparatus of Figure 18.

Description of some embodiments.

The apparatus of the invention comprises a horizontal plate (9) on which is placed the pallet (7) which supports the coil (2) arranged with its vertical axis. It also consists of a solid main vertical upright (10) fixed firmly on the edge of the plate (9) on which pivot, thanks to hinges (11), the crosspieces (12) of a corset articulated in several leaves (13) to (20) which have vertical uprights (21), (22), (23), (24) as well as (25), (26), (27), (28) which project towards the interior to externally hold the coils such as (2). The extreme leaves (17), (18), (19), (20) have locks (29), (30) oscillating, having a cam with a spiral profile, a device which is well known and which can also be replaced by any equivalent locking device such as a spring with a hook. In a preferred version (Figure 17), the oscillation of the leaves (13, 14) is ensured by pneumatic cylinders (58, 59) which open on the upright (10). The leaves (13) to (16) have a partially cylindrical plane and make about a third of the turn of the coils (2). The uprights (21) to (24) are designed to rest on the coils (2) and hold them. The coils (2) are thus held not only by the uprights (21) to (24) but also by the main upright (10). The uprights (21) to (24) comprise, as we have seen, hinges for the leaves (17) to (20) which are also partially cylindrical and each form approximately one sixth of the turn of the coil.

In this way, the reels (2) are firmly held during their unwinding.

When the reel (2) is fully unwound, the latches (29) are released. (30) and the leaves (13) to (20) are opened in the direction of the arrows (31) to (42). We can then remove the empty pallets (7) and bring new coils (2) placed on their pallet (7) • This maneuver is commonly done using forklifts. It must be done after raising the horizontal pressure roller (43) as will be explained below.

Indeed, an important characteristic of the apparatus of the invention resides in the horizontal pressure roller (43) disposed radially relative to the coil (2), the axis of said roller being rigidly fixed in a slide (44) (FIG. 11) capable of moving vertically in the upper part of the main upright (10) which is tubular, generally of square section and produced by two irons U whose edges are welded. The movement of the rollers (43) (along the arrow (45)) is possible thanks to vertical slots (46) formed in the upper part of the upright (10). It is controlled by a pneumatic cylinder (47) placed inside the main part of said upright (10). The vertical stroke of the roller (43) is of the order of ten centimeters. This roller (43) is raised when the reel (2) is placed and it is then lowered when the reel (2) is in place. The length of the roller (43) is slightly less than the radius of the coil (2).

Another feature of the apparatus of the invention resides in the horizontal eyelet (48) which is fixed and disposed at least one meter above the center of the coil (2). The eyelet (48) is connected to the upright (10) by a support (49).

A final important feature of the device lies in the return drum (50), with a horizontal axis, which is located a few meters above the eyelet (48). This drum generally comprises lateral flanges (51), (52) for guiding the wires (53) to (56).

In Figures 11 and 16, there is shown a simple device capable of supporting only one coil.

In Figures 12 and 13, there is shown a double device capable of supporting two coils (2) which are arranged on either side of a single main upright (10). In this case, return drums (501) and (502) are provided for the wires (53) and (54). For the wire (53), a path has been shown in solid lines which directs it in the opposite direction to the wire (54). A path has also been shown in dotted lines (531) which directs it in the same direction as the wire (54).

In Figure 14, there is provided an arrangement of two devices such as those shown in Figures 12 and 13 and which are arranged side by side so that the coils (2) are placed in a square. There are two return drums (503), (504) which direct the wires (53) and (54) on the one hand and (55) and (56) on the other hand in two different directions. One could imagine, in the same way as that which has been represented in FIG. 12, an arrangement of the wires which direct them all in the same direction.

In Figure 15, there is shown yet another arrangement with four devices of the type which has been shown in Figures 11 and 16 which are arranged side by side so that all the wires pass over a deflection drum (505) for direct them in the same direction.

Any other arrangement could be imagined without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The amount (10) is generally welded to the horizontal plate (9) which is then sealed by any means at a location chosen as being the most suitable to supply the most simply, economically, correctly, the machine for injecting or drawing the metal (copper, aluminum, steel, etc.). This location is always at a level lower than that of the machines to be fed, the proper functioning of the system being all the better the greater the level difference, that is to say the distance between the eyelet (48 ) and the return drum (50) will be important.

The horizontal pressure rollers (43) rotate on ball bearings and have a length slightly less (from 100 to 150 mm) than the outside radius of the spool (2) to be unwound from the center. As this radius can vary, the length of the roller (43) is adjusted, by sliding it axially in its support and locking it in the desired position.

In a version intended for manufacturing where there is a need for continuous reeling, as is the case in wire drawing, the apparatus shown in Figures 18, 19 is used and which comprises at least two plates side by side to support the coils (2a and 2b). Each of these plates corresponds to an upright (10) and a horizontal pressure roller (43). On the other hand, there is only one oblong eyelet (481) supported at a sufficient height by the bracket (60) and the support (491). A guide 61 is also provided in the form of a funnel before the drum (506).

In order to join the outer end (62) of the coil wire (2b) with the inner end (63) of the coil wire (2a), a planer (64) is provided which performs electrical resistance welding. or sparkling.

The oblong eyelet (481) can advantageously be produced by two parallel rollers.

Device operation.

The apparatus being fixed at the chosen location, a coil (2) of two tonnes of wire, for example, with the simplest winding, therefore the cheapest, is placed on each side of the uprights (10) constituted by welding two U irons. So there are four tonnes of wire.

At the upper part of each coil (2), the radial roller (43), pushed vertically by the jack (47), is applied to the upper face of the coil (2) and holds all the turns firmly when a upward tensile force is exerted on the wire (53) or the profile. Each turn (57) is then forced to pass one by one under the roller (43) by approaching the center before engaging in the direction eyelet (48).

This operation has the effect of clearing any trapped turns.

On the other hand, the main tensile force acting on the roller (43) makes it possible to reduce that acting on the coil by reducing the angle of attack of the wire on the internal wall of the cut turns. As a result, thanks to the radial holding roller (43) combined with the uprights (21), (22), (23), (24) and (10) distributed every 120 ° around the coil (2), this can be done until the end without the slightest incident. On the other hand, the eyelet (48) placed at the top of the uprights (10) (one eyelet per reel) makes it possible to obtain a correct unwinding of each reel (2) located on each side of said amount (10) and whatever its initial winding (right or left).

In the case of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, if it is assumed that the spool (2b) is being unwound and that a spool (2a) has been placed on the adjacent plate, the strand ( 53b) passes through the eyelet (481), the guide (61) and the drum (506). During this time, the outer end (62) of the coil (2b) and the inner end (63) of the coil (2a) are released in order to join them in a spark-splicer (64), for example. Then releases the ends (62, 63) of the planer (64) so that. when the spool (2b) is completely unwound, the wire being unwound takes the position (53a) to unwind the reel (2a) from the inside.

Another coil can then be brought to the location where the coil was (2b). The inner strand of this new coil is then pulled to the planer (64) to weld it to the outer strand of the coil (2a). We always manage to pass these strands above the leaves (14).

In this way, continuous reeling is carried out without any stopping.

it follows that, whatever the purpose of the unwinding, injection, pocket or drawing, the method is applicable regardless of the original winding of the coil. Circular winding by cutting (Figures 1 and 2), unwinding from the inside by successive turns from top to bottom (Figures 3 and 4) and from bottom to top, helical winding, unwinding by successive turns and plan by plan from l inside.

This method and these devices can be applied to unwind cored wire, that is to say a wire inside which has been incorporated a powder (silico-calcium or powdered magnesium, in particular) coated in a strip, for example made of steel or aluminum shaped as a relatively flexible continuous tube inside which the powder (fodder) has been incorporated before the tube is closed.

Claims (10)

1. Method for easily unwinding spools of thread (2), whatever the original winding, characterized by the fact: a) placing said coils (2) flat on a pallet placed on a plate (9) with the axis of their central hole arranged vertically, b) that the coil (2) is externally held by tightening it by a rigid and fixed device (12) to (28) during unwinding, c) that the wire (53) is pulled upwards from the central hole, forcing the unwinding turns to slightly increase their curvature by sliding on a horizontal pressure roller (43), that is to say -to say radial, cantilever, held outside the coil (2) and approaching the axis thereof, pressing down, until the reel is completely unwound. d) that the wire (53) is forced to pass through an axial eyelet (48) held above the coil, e) that the wire is finally passed over an upper deflection drum (50). 2. Apparatus for applying the method according to claim 1, characterized by the combination: a) a horizontal plate (9) intended to support the pallet (7) reel holder; b) a main vertical upright (10), fixed firmly on the edge of the plate (9), in which pivot the horizontal crosspieces (12) of a corset articulated in several leaves (13) to (20) partially cylindrical , comprising vertical uprights (21) to (28) projecting inwardly to externally hold the coil (2), the end leaves (17), (18), (19), (20) comprising means for closing and tightening of the corset (29), (30), the opening of these leaves being sufficiently wide to be able to introduce the coils above the plate (9) and placed on their handling pallet (7); c) a horizontal pressure roller (48) disposed radially with respect to the coil (2), the axis of said roller (48) being rigidly fixed in a slide (44) capable of moving vertically in the upper part of the fixed upright ( 10) under the effect of a suitable jack (47) following a sufficient stroke for said roller (43) - firstly, clear the access to the plate (9) to place the coil (2) on its pallet (7), - in a second step, constantly presses the top of said reel (2), during its unwinding, until the end, the length of said roll being slightly less than the outside radius of the reel, and, for this purpose, having an adjustment of its length to adapt to the different coil diameters; d) a fixed horizontal eyelet (48) disposed at least one meter above the center of the spool (2), e) a return drum (50) with a hozizontal axis situated above the eyelet (48), 3. Apparatus, as defined in claim (2), characterized in that a) the plate is fixed (9), b) the fixed main vertical upright (10) has a section square and supports, by hinges (11), at least two opening leaves (13), (14) each making approximately one third of the turn of the coil (2) and whose marginal amounts (21), (22), ( 23), (24) furthest from the fixed hinges (11) are designed to rest on the spool (2) and include movable hinges of other extreme leaves (17), (18), (19), ( 20) each making approximately one sixth of the turn of the reel, the free uprights (25), (26) of these extreme leaves (17), (18) comprising complementary closures (29), (30) ensuring the locking and the tightening around. the spool (2) of the articulated corset, so that the spool is held externally by at least three uprights (10), (21), (22) spaced angularly by about a third of a turn, or 120 °, c) the horizontal pressure roller (43) moves vertically, under the effect of a pneumatic cylinder (47) located in the vertical upright (10) just like the slide (44), said upright (10) having, at its upper part, at the level of the slide (44), at least one vertical slot (46) allowing passage to the axis of the roller (43), the force of the jack being sufficient to maintain the top of the reel (2) and all its turns, d) the eyelet (48) is held by a horizontal support fixed to the upper part of the fixed upright (10), e) the return drum (50) has lateral flanges (51). (52). 4. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, characterized in that the main fixed vertical upright (10) consists of two irons U whose free edges of the wings are welded. 5. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, characterized in that the locking and tightening of the corset is effected by latches (29), (30) oscillating cam with spiral profile. 6. Apparatus as defined in claim 3, characterized in that the locking and tightening of the corset is effected by jacks, in particular pneumatic jacks. 7. Apparatus, as defined in any one of claims 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that it comprises, placed symmetrically with respect to the main fixed upright: a) a second plate (9), b) a second series of leaves (15), (16), (19), (20) opening with their locking and their tightening, c) a second horizontal pressure roller (43) actuated by the same slide (44) and the same jack (47), d) a second eyelet (48) held by a support above the fixed upright, e) a second deflection drum (502) thus allowing two coils (2) to be unwound simultaneously or successively. 8. Apparatus, as defined in claim 7, characterized in that it is paired with another identical apparatus, except that there are in total only two return drums (503), (504 ), thus allowing four reels to be unwound simultaneously or successively. 9. Apparatus, as defined in any one of claims 3, 4, 5 or 6, characterized i s é by the fact that it is associated with several juxtaposed devices comprising coils whose unwound wire passes on a single return drum (505). 10. Apparatus, as defined in any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that it comprises at least two plates (91, 92) and a single eyelet (481) of oblong shape arranged in a parallel direction in the plane, comprising the axes of the coils and maintained clearly above said coils and by the fact that a splicing device is provided between the plates (91, 92).

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