EP0068526B1 - Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Öl aus ölhaltigen Mineralien - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Öl aus ölhaltigen Mineralien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0068526B1
EP0068526B1 EP82200576A EP82200576A EP0068526B1 EP 0068526 B1 EP0068526 B1 EP 0068526B1 EP 82200576 A EP82200576 A EP 82200576A EP 82200576 A EP82200576 A EP 82200576A EP 0068526 B1 EP0068526 B1 EP 0068526B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gases
zone
bed
oil
retorting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82200576A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0068526A1 (de
Inventor
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Magedanz
Horst Dipl.-Ing. Seidel
Hans Jürgen Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Ing. Weiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Group AG
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Publication of EP0068526A1 publication Critical patent/EP0068526A1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the extraction of oil from oil-containing minerals, the oil-containing mineral being charged onto a traveling grate, hot gases being passed through the bed in a smoldering zone, the bed being heated to the smoldering temperature, the vaporous and gaseous smoldering products of the carbonization gases are carried along, oil is separated from the carbonization gases in a separation stage, solid carbon contained in the carbonized bed is burned in a subsequent combustion zone by means of oxygen-containing gases passed through it, oil-free gases from the separation stage are passed through the bed in a subsequent cooling zone, and the heated gases are returned to the smoldering zone.
  • Oily minerals such as oil sand, diatomaceous earth and in particular oil shale are thermally treated on moving grates to extract their oil content.
  • hot gases are passed through the bed from above and the bed is heated to the smoldering temperature of around 400 to 600 ° C.
  • the hot gases are either neutral or reducing so that the smoldering takes place in the absence of oxygen.
  • various gases and vapors are created from the organic components.
  • the oils are condensed out of the carbonization gases.
  • the gas leaving the condensation then still contains non-condensable carbonization gases.
  • the desulfurized residue on the sintering machine contains solid carbon as a smoldering product.
  • a partial flow of the gases emerging from the cooling zone is branched off. Due to the combustion of the non-condensable components in the returned gas stream, the calorific value of the carbonization gases emerging from the carbonization zone is reduced after leaving the separation stage, since the percentage of non-condensable, combustible components is low. In addition, some of the non-condensable components in the exhaust gas are lost. The non-condensable constituents that arise in the second smoldering zone are lost or also form a lean gas. In addition, a complex regulation for compliance with non-oxidizing conditions in the combustion zone of the solid fuel is required and this compliance with non-oxidizing conditions is hardly possible.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages described and, in particular, to allow smoldering and combustion with the least possible expenditure on apparatus and control technology, with as much oil and energy as possible being obtained from the minerals used.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in that the solid carbon in the upper layer of the bed is ignited at the beginning of the combustion zone by means of an ignition furnace and the combustion zone is then passed through the bed by means of the oxygen-containing gases which have been sucked in, the amount of the oxygen-containing gases which have been sucked in is controlled in such a way that that the bed is brought to the maximum possible temperature by the combustion of solid carbon, a partial flow of the gases emerging from the separation stage is heated in indirect heat exchange with the exhaust gases of the combustion zone, passed through the bed in the cooling zone, further heated there and then into the Smoldering zone is returned, and a partial stream of the gases emerging from the separation stage is removed.
  • the combustion of the solid carbon in the combustion zone is controlled in such a way that the temperature in the bed and thus also in the exhaust gases is as high as possible. This is done by regulating the amount of oxygen-containing gases drawn through, which generally consist of air. The amount of gas is increased until the temperature maximum of the exhaust gas temperature is reached. This is the optimal amount of gas. If the exhaust gas temperature drops, the optimal amount of gas is exceeded. It is consciously accepted that in some cases the solid carbon is not completely burned. For large grains in particular, it may be more advantageous to burn only the solid carbon present in the outer parts of the grains and to refrain from burning the carbon inside the grains. To ignite the solid carbon in the combustion zone, part of the gas discharged from the separation stage can be used, the non-condensable, combustible smoldering products of which are burned.
  • One embodiment of the invention is that the gases which are further heated in the cooling zone are heated to the temperature of smoldering by additional heating in an indirect heat exchanger before entering the smoldering zone. This additional heating is used when the recirculated gases have not yet reached the required smoldering temperature after passing through the cooling zone.
  • the necessary heat can be brought into the heat exchanger by energy from our own process or by external energy.
  • the heat content of the heating medium emerging from the heat exchanger can be used to preheat combustible heating media before they enter the heat exchanger to preheat the fuel for ignition and to preheat the oil-containing minerals.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the additional heating is carried out by combustion of the partial flow of the gases derived from the separation stage.
  • the calorific value of these gases can be advantageously used for the process.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the burned material thrown off the traveling grate after the cooling zone is further cooled in a separate cooler in direct contact with gaseous cooling media. In this way, further cooling required for the removal of the fired material can take place economically and independently of the process on the traveling grate.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the heat absorbed by the cooling medium is returned to the process.
  • the heat of the cooling medium can be used to preheat oil-containing minerals or to preheat fuels and can therefore also be used in the process.
  • a preferred embodiment consists in the fact that the composition of the gases introduced into the smoldering zone corresponds approximately to the composition of the gases newly formed during the smoldering without the condensable components. This ensures that the gas derived from the separation stage has a high calorific value.
  • the invention is illustrated by the figure.
  • the oily material 1 is charged onto the traveling grate 2.
  • the bed 3 is successively transported through the smoldering zone 4, combustion zone 5 and cooling zone 6.
  • a gas hood 7 is located above the smoldering zone 4 and wind boxes 8 are arranged below the smoldering zone 4.
  • Under the combustion zone 5 are wind boxes 9 and The ignition furnace 10 is arranged above the beginning of the combustion zone 5.
  • Wind boxes 11 are located below the cooling zone 6 and the gas hood 12 is arranged above.
  • Hot gases are conducted via line 13 and gas hood 7 into the smoldering zone 4 and are sucked there through the bed 3 into the wind boxes 8.
  • the carbonization gases containing carbonization products are passed via line 14 into the separation stage 15. There the oil is separated and discharged via line 16.
  • a partial flow of the gases freed from oil is returned and passed via line 17 into the indirect heat exchanger 18.
  • the solid carbon is ignited in the surface of the carbonized bed 3 under the ignition furnace 10.
  • air 19 is drawn through the bed into the wind boxes 9 and the combustion zone is guided through the bed from top to bottom.
  • the hot exhaust gases are passed via lines 20 into the heat exchanger 18, heat up the gas returned from the separation stage there and are passed via line 19 into the gas cleaning device 20 and from there into the chimney 21.
  • the amount of air 19 in the combustion zone 5 is controlled so that the bed 3 has the maximum possible temperature at the end of the combustion zone. This means that the more than 20 exhaust gases entering the heat exchanger have the maximum possible temperature.
  • the hot, fired bed 3 reaches the cooling zone 6.
  • the heated, recirculated gases are passed via line 22 into the gas hood 12 and sucked through the bed 3 into the wind boxes 11.
  • the bed 3 is cooled and the gas is further heated.
  • the gas is passed into the indirect heat exchanger 24.
  • the partial flow of the gases freed from oil, which is derived from the separation stage 15, is passed via line 25 into the heat exchanger 24 and the combustible, non-condensable smoldering products contained therein are burned.
  • the fuel gases leave the heat exchanger 24 via line 26.
  • the recirculated gas is heated in the heat exchanger 24 to the temperature required for smoldering and passed into the smoldering zone 4 via line 13.
  • Part of the gas stream is passed from line 25 via line 27 into the ignition furnace 10 and burned there.
  • the precooled bed 3 is thrown off the traveling grate into a separate cooler 28. Air is introduced there via line 29, the material is cooled to the temperature required for removal and the heated cooling air is removed via line 30.
  • the heated cooling air 30 and the flue gases 26 can be used to preheat oil-containing material before the smoldering or to preheat the gases in line 25.
  • An excess of gas that must be removed from the separation stage is withdrawn via line 31 and can be used as a gas with a good calorific value for other purposes.
  • the advantages of the invention are that the carbonization and combustion of the solid carbon can be carried out in a technically simple manner on a traveling grate, a good oil yield being achieved, the heat generated in the process being optimally utilized and a gas having a high calorific value being generated. It is also possible to process minerals that contain less solid carbon after the smoldering process, the required amount of external energy is reduced, or there is more excess heat.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
EP82200576A 1981-06-19 1982-05-11 Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Öl aus ölhaltigen Mineralien Expired EP0068526B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813124277 DE3124277A1 (de) 1981-06-19 1981-06-19 Verfahren zur gewinnung von oel aus oelhaltigen mineralien
DE3124277 1981-06-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0068526A1 EP0068526A1 (de) 1983-01-05
EP0068526B1 true EP0068526B1 (de) 1984-08-29

Family

ID=6135010

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82200576A Expired EP0068526B1 (de) 1981-06-19 1982-05-11 Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Öl aus ölhaltigen Mineralien

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4419216A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0068526B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU546593B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1171808A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3124277A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IN (1) IN154252B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA823249B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4758331A (en) * 1982-07-16 1988-07-19 Board Of Trustees, University Of Illinois Low-sulfur fuels from coals
US4689120A (en) * 1985-06-14 1987-08-25 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus for the recovery of oil from shale
US7229547B2 (en) * 2004-01-29 2007-06-12 Oil-Tech, Inc. Retort heating systems and methods of use
US7264694B2 (en) * 2004-01-29 2007-09-04 Oil-Tech, Inc. Retort heating apparatus and methods

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3325395A (en) * 1965-04-19 1967-06-13 Mcdowell Wellman Eng Co Travelling grate method for the recovery of oil from oil bearing minerals
US3483115A (en) * 1966-04-13 1969-12-09 Mobil Oil Corp Travelling grate shale retorting
US3560369A (en) * 1968-06-05 1971-02-02 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Retorting oil shale including agglomerated fines
US3644193A (en) * 1970-05-11 1972-02-22 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Process and apparatus for the recovery of oil from shale by indirect heating
US4058205A (en) * 1974-01-18 1977-11-15 Reed Jr Thomas G Apparatus for treating oil shale
US4082645A (en) * 1975-04-14 1978-04-04 The Superior Oil Company Recovery of hydrocarbon values by controlled eduction and oxidation of oil shale
US4039427A (en) * 1975-12-29 1977-08-02 Mcdowell-Wellman Engineering Company Process for retorting oil shale
US4193862A (en) * 1978-06-26 1980-03-18 Mcdowell-Wellman Company Recovery of oil and gas from oil shale

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3124277A1 (de) 1983-01-05
AU8499882A (en) 1982-12-23
EP0068526A1 (de) 1983-01-05
AU546593B2 (en) 1985-09-05
US4419216A (en) 1983-12-06
DE3260623D1 (en) 1984-10-04
ZA823249B (en) 1983-03-30
IN154252B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1984-10-13
CA1171808A (en) 1984-07-31

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