EP0063094A1 - Haut-parleur pour fréquences aigues - Google Patents

Haut-parleur pour fréquences aigues Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0063094A1
EP0063094A1 EP82710016A EP82710016A EP0063094A1 EP 0063094 A1 EP0063094 A1 EP 0063094A1 EP 82710016 A EP82710016 A EP 82710016A EP 82710016 A EP82710016 A EP 82710016A EP 0063094 A1 EP0063094 A1 EP 0063094A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membranes
drive unit
ring
electrodes
tweeter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82710016A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Dr. Klein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0063094A1 publication Critical patent/EP0063094A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R15/00—Magnetostrictive transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tweeter with a movable membrane and with a drive unit connected to this membrane, which changes its dimensions along at least two opposite directions under the action of an applied electrical signal to be converted into sound waves. Tweeters are also known as “tweeters”.
  • the membrane usually has the shape of a hemispherical shell, the speaker is then called a dome speaker. Tweeters with other diaphragm shapes, for example funnel-shaped diaphragms, are also known. All of these known tweeters radiate in a preferred direction. As a result, for a good stereophonic or quadrophonic listening impression, it is necessary to align the known loudspeakers in such a way that the sound waves they emit converge in a single point or a listening area. The listener must be in this convergence area.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known high-frequency loudspeakers and to improve a high-frequency loudspeaker of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it is radiated essentially in all directions, as a result of which special alignment is no longer necessary so that it can be easily produced has a good sound quality and takes up little space.
  • this tweeter behaves like a pulsating or breathing ball that radiates the sound waves practically evenly in all directions. It is therefore no longer necessary for a listener to be in the preferred radiation range of the sound waves, nor is it necessary to align the loudspeaker in accordance with the local conditions.
  • the radiation without a preferred direction also has the advantage that for a listener the high notes in comparison for example, do not become louder or quieter with low tones if it is located in different locations in the sonicated room.
  • the loudspeaker according to the invention has small dimensions and yet a high sound radiation performance. It is not necessary to place it in a housing or box, it can either be mounted on a base or suspended from a suitable support.
  • the loudspeakers shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 have two rigid, hemispherical membranes 1 and 2, which are glued together via an elastic ring 3, other types of fastening are possible. This creates a pulsating or breathing ball, inside which there is a drive unit 4, which is firmly connected to each of the two membranes 1, 2.
  • the same parts have the same reference numbers.
  • the hemispherical or dome-shaped membranes 1 and 2 are made of a material that is as light as possible and dimensionally stable, in the exemplary embodiment shown they are made of cardboard, but they can also be made of a plastic.
  • the box is covered with a plastic, it can also be impregnated with a resin or a varnish.
  • a material such as is used for table tennis balls can be used as the plastic.
  • the ring 3 is made of a rubber, it can also be made of another elastomer. The condition is that it is sufficiently soft to allow the membranes 1 and 2 to move as freely as possible.
  • the ring 3 is made of an air-impermeable material, at least one (not shown) air passage opening is provided for atmospheric pressure compensation between the interior of the closed body in the form of a ball and the exterior.
  • a ring 3 made of an elastomeric foam mass or an air-permeable, elastic plastic can also be used.
  • the only important thing is that no sound waves penetrate from the interior into the exterior, this could lead to secondary waves and acoustic short circuits.
  • a decisive advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the loudspeaker according to the invention does not require any external measures, such as a baffle, for acoustic short circuits to avoid.
  • the drive unit 4 has an elongated shape, it can execute vibrations along its length dimension and as a function of an applied electrical signal that is to be converted into sound waves.
  • the drive unit 4 is arranged in the interior of the pulsating ball in such a way that the forces emanating from it are transmitted due to the change in length to the two membranes 1 and 2 in directions perpendicular to the connecting plane of these two membranes 1, 2.
  • the drive unit 4 can be as long as the inside diameter of the ball formed by the membranes 1, 2 and can be attached with its end regions directly to the membranes 1, 2 in their apex region.
  • the membranes 1, 2 are not made of a sufficiently dimensionally stable material, deformations of these membranes 1, 2, in particular in the region of their apex, cannot be avoided due to the lengthwise vibrations of the drive unit 4.
  • Deformations of the membranes 1, 2 lead to natural vibrations or forced vibrations. They preferably form in the crown area. In this case the loudspeaker is no longer isotropic and emits spurious waves.
  • a shorter drive unit 4 is preferred, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.
  • This is connected to the two membranes 1 and 2 via dimensionally stable transmission parts 5 and 6, which merge into the membranes 1, 2 at right angles and are glued to them or the like.
  • the connection areas are sufficiently far from the apex region and the two membranes 1 and 2.
  • the membranes 1, 2 move largely without a change in shape as a rigid body depending on the changes in length of the drive unit 4.
  • the transmission parts 5 and 6 are connected in a region to the membranes 1 and 2 on the inside thereof, which lies on a cone angle alpha (FIG. 1) between 6 0 and 90 degrees.
  • the connecting parts 5 and 6 must be as light as possible to represent the lowest possible inert mass, but they must also be as rigid as possible so that they cannot deform and the movements imposed on them without changes in shape pass on to the membranes 1, 2.
  • the two transmission parts 5, 6 are made of a dimensionally stable plastic, they can also be made of a lightweight metal alloy, in particular foamed aluminum or the like, for example duralumin. As shown in FIGS.
  • the transmission parts 5, 6 have the shape of a hollow spherical cap, that is to say a spherical cap.
  • This shape like the membranes 1, 2, gives them excellent stiffness. Furthermore, it is possible to realize an angle alpha in the specified angular range, whereby a drive unit 4 that is as long and therefore advantageous as possible can still be used.
  • the absolute amplitude of the change in length of the drive unit 4 is, as indicated above, dependent on the length and increases with increasing length of the drive unit 4.
  • each of the two transmission parts 5 and 6 is fixed in the form of a spherical cap connected in the region of its apex to an end region of the drive unit 4.
  • the circular cap edge is connected to the associated membrane 1 or 2, in particular glued.
  • the drive unit 4 can be manufactured in the form of a tube 12 from a piezoelectric material, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the inner and outer cylindrical surfaces are coated with a metallic conductive layer for the production of electrodes 8 and 9.
  • the drive unit 4 made of piezoelectric material can also be designed in the form of a rod 13 with a cross-section to achieve the above-mentioned goal, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the drive unit 4 is formed by a rod 14 with a circular cross section (or also another cross section, for example a square cross section).
  • This rod 14 is made of a magnetostrictive material, around which an induction coil 15 is arranged. This is wound on a bobbin 16, which has a larger inner diameter than the outer diameter of the rod 14.
  • a sleeve 17 made of a soft material is arranged between the coil carrier 16 and the rod, this sleeve 17 allows changes in the length of the rod 14 without being affected by the coil 15. On the other hand, the length vibrations are not transmitted to the coil 15 either.
  • the coil 15 can also be held on the connecting plane of the two membranes 1 and 2 by means of suitable holding devices, for example a disk-shaped inner wall.
  • the electrical signal to be converted into sound waves is supplied to the coil 15 via a transformer 18, the secondary winding of which is connected to the connections of the coil 15 via two electrical supply lines 19 and 2o, these supply lines 19 and 2o are in turn through suitable openings in the ring 3 passed.
  • a DC voltage source 21 is provided for polarizing the rod 14.
  • the rod 14 can also be hollow, that is to say designed as a tube, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • a permanent magnet 22 is arranged inside the hollow rod 14 for polarization.
  • the drive unit 4 when an electrical signal to be converted into sound waves is applied to it via the leads lo, 11 or 19, 2o, performs length oscillations whose amplitude and frequency correspond to the amplitude and frequency of the electrical signal.
  • the forces occurring due to these changes in length are fed to the two membranes 1 and 2, these move back and forth and thereby cause pressure fluctuations in the ambient air which are audible as sound.
  • the membranes 1 and 2 are moved back and forth in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drive unit 4, it can be demonstrated that the radiation in the region of these directions, which is indicated by arrows F and G in FIG. 1, is essentially as large as in FIG a direction perpendicular to this. In other words, the speaker radiation is isotropic.
  • A is the curve of the sound pressure S, which was measured in the direction of the arrows F and G, while the sound pressure curve B was recorded in a direction perpendicular thereto.
  • Both plotted against frequency f Curves A and B were measured using a classic measuring arrangement.
  • the loudspeaker tested according to the invention had the following technical features: Each of the two diaphragms 1 and 2 of the same shape had a diameter of 4 cm and was formed by half a table tennis ball.
  • the drive unit 4 was formed by a rectangular, flat plate made of a piezoelectric material and had a length of about 20 mm.
  • the ring 3 was made of a foam made of soft plastic.
  • the two transmission parts 5 and 6 were made of duralumin and had a diameter of about 11 millimeters. Curves A and B show excellent agreement over practically the entire frequency range.
  • each individual hemispherical membrane 1 and 2 is divided into quarter spherical shells (so-called spherical triangles) la, 1b and 2a, 2b.
  • the four membranes 1a to 2b are connected to one another on the one hand, as described above, via the ring 3 and, on the other hand, additionally via a ring 23 rotating on an equatorial plane.
  • the planes of the rings 3, 23 are therefore at right angles to one another.
  • the rings 3, 23 are preferably connected in one piece.
  • the drive unit 4 is formed by a disk 8 'made of a piezoelectric ceramic, the two disk surfaces of which are covered with a metallically conductive layer which forms the electrodes 8, 9.
  • Two connecting lines lo, 11 are guided (not shown) through an opening provided in ring 3 or 23, for example in the area of the transition point of these rings 3, 23, in order to be able to supply an electrical signal to electrodes 8, 9.
  • each transmission part 5, 6 connects the edge of the pane to the four membranes 1a to 2b.
  • the arrangement is mirror-symmetrical to the two levels in which the rings 3 and 23 are located.
  • each transmission part 5, 6 consists of a short stamp 24 and a hollow spherical cap 25.
  • the stamps 24 are offset by 90 degrees, connected to the edge of the disc 8 'and at the other end at the apex of the disc Hollow ball caps 25 attached.
  • the circular edge of these hollow spherical caps 25 is connected to the membranes 1a to 2h, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 4.
  • This exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 behaves even more similarly to the ideal target of a pulsating sphere than the previous exemplary embodiments during operation, and the sound radiation is therefore even better isotropic.
  • a labyrinth seal can also be provided in the transition areas between the membranes 1 and 2, because the rings 3 and 23 are not required for centering the membranes 1 and 2. Then a disk-shaped support part, which is arranged at right angles to the drive unit 4 and is connected to it at the zero point of vibration, is advantageous in order to form the labyrinth seal.
  • the membranes 1, 2 or la, 2b and lb, 2a vibrate in opposite directions to one another, and that at one point in time either all the membranes 1, 2 face outwards or all the membranes move inward. It is advantageous if the center point of the ball formed from the membranes 1, 2 coincides with the center points of the individual membranes 1, 2.
  • the attachment, in particular suspension or support, of the loudspeaker according to the invention is preferably carried out at the zero oscillation point, that is to say the center of the drive unit, and it can also engage via the leads 11, 12 or directly on the ring 3 or 23.
  • the construction of the loudspeaker according to the invention is particularly simple in that no centering bead and no centering spider are required. Lack emissions of the bead (see DE-GM 81 o4 57 0. 0) are more serious as a failure does not occur emissions by the rings 3, 23. The latter fail emissions at a labyrinth seal.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Electrostatic, Electromagnetic, Magneto- Strictive, And Variable-Resistance Transducers (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
EP82710016A 1981-04-01 1982-03-30 Haut-parleur pour fréquences aigues Withdrawn EP0063094A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8106511 1981-04-01
FR8106511A FR2503515B1 (fr) 1981-04-01 1981-04-01 Haut-parleur omnidirectionnel pour les frequences aigues du spectre sonore

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0063094A1 true EP0063094A1 (fr) 1982-10-20

Family

ID=9256859

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82710016A Withdrawn EP0063094A1 (fr) 1981-04-01 1982-03-30 Haut-parleur pour fréquences aigues

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4473721A (fr)
EP (1) EP0063094A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5840998A (fr)
FR (1) FR2503515B1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4473721A (en) * 1981-04-01 1984-09-25 Siegfried Klein High-frequency loud speaker
US4488010A (en) * 1981-09-28 1984-12-11 Siegfried Klein Loudspeaker
FR2569930A1 (fr) * 1984-08-28 1986-03-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique Transducteur omnidirectionnel d'ondes elastiques a large bande passante et procede de fabrication
EP0177383A1 (fr) * 1984-08-28 1986-04-09 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Transducteur omnidirectionnel d'ondes élastiques à large bande passante et procédé de fabrication
FR2573270A1 (fr) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-16 Commissariat Energie Atomique Transducteur omnidirectionnel d'ondes elastiques a large bande passante mettant en oeuvre un bobinage spherique magnetostrictif et procede de fabrication
WO1989000801A1 (fr) * 1986-06-19 1989-01-26 Reinhardt Fischer Transducteur electro-acoustique
EP0303547A1 (fr) * 1987-08-14 1989-02-15 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Transducteur omnidirectionnel d'ondes élastiques à large bande passante
WO1989004582A1 (fr) * 1987-11-11 1989-05-18 Reinhardt Fischer Transducteur electro-acoustique
EP0337062A2 (fr) * 1988-03-19 1989-10-18 Siegfried Dr. Klein Transducteur acousto-électrique
FR2637760A1 (fr) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-13 Commissariat Energie Atomique Haut-parleur omnidirectionnel a large bande passante
EP0365393A1 (fr) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-25 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Haut-parleur omnidirectionnel à large bande passante

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0510480Y2 (fr) * 1986-07-08 1993-03-15
JPH0453116Y2 (fr) * 1986-07-08 1992-12-14
JPS6310698U (fr) * 1986-07-08 1988-01-23
US4805731A (en) * 1988-03-31 1989-02-21 Audionics, Inc. Sound projection method and apparatus
FR2648664A1 (fr) * 1989-06-15 1990-12-21 Commissariat Energie Atomique Haut-parleur omnidirectionnel a membrane spherique utilisant un ruban magnetostrictif
US5444324A (en) * 1994-07-25 1995-08-22 Western Atlas International, Inc. Mechanically amplified piezoelectric acoustic transducer
AUPR317901A0 (en) 2001-02-16 2001-03-15 Arnstein, Barry Electro-acoustic converter
GB0221503D0 (en) * 2002-09-17 2002-10-23 1 Ltd Loudspeaker
US9462388B2 (en) 2004-06-03 2016-10-04 Tymphany Hk Limited Acoustic transducer comprising a plurality of coaxially arranged diaphragms
CA2567733A1 (fr) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-22 Tymphany Corporation Transducteur acoustique comprenant une pluralite de diaphragmes disposes dans le sens coaxial
JP4821589B2 (ja) * 2006-01-30 2011-11-24 ソニー株式会社 スピーカ装置
EP1814354B1 (fr) * 2006-01-30 2017-04-26 Sony Corporation Haut-parleur
JP2010263512A (ja) * 2009-05-11 2010-11-18 Sony Corp スピーカー装置
US8240426B2 (en) * 2010-08-19 2012-08-14 Bose Corporation Three dimensional acoustic passive radiating
CN104822107B (zh) * 2015-03-23 2018-05-15 中山市声雅音响电器有限公司 全方向开放式音箱

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2626380A (en) * 1943-09-11 1953-01-20 Cecil K Stedman Microphone
FR1066926A (fr) * 1951-10-27 1954-06-10 Brush Dev Co Pièces céramiques cuites à base de titanate de baryum
US2939970A (en) * 1954-12-03 1960-06-07 Gulton Ind Inc Spherical transducer
US2947821A (en) * 1955-06-20 1960-08-02 Erie Resistor Corp Ceramic binaural phonograph pickup
US3100291A (en) * 1960-10-25 1963-08-06 Frank R Abbott Underwater loudspeaker
US3393764A (en) * 1966-12-27 1968-07-23 Curtiss R. Schafer Loudspeaker systems
US3447217A (en) * 1964-02-05 1969-06-03 Hitachi Ltd Method of producing ceramic piezoelectric vibrator

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2832843A (en) * 1958-04-29 Sound reproducing device
GB218743A (en) * 1923-04-11 1924-07-11 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in telephone receivers, loud speaking telephones, and the like sound emitting devices
GB248122A (en) * 1924-12-13 1926-03-04 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to electromagnetic and electrodynamic sound-emitting and converting apparatus
US1653045A (en) * 1926-09-04 1927-12-20 Chase Crowley E Loud-speaker unit
US1735860A (en) * 1927-04-01 1929-11-19 Acoustic Products Company Flexed sounding board
US2064911A (en) * 1935-10-09 1936-12-22 Harvey C Hayes Sound generating and directing apparatus
DE1815694C2 (de) * 1968-12-19 1971-02-18 Manger J W Elektrodynamisches Wandlersystem
FR2503515B1 (fr) * 1981-04-01 1985-12-27 Klein Siegfried Haut-parleur omnidirectionnel pour les frequences aigues du spectre sonore

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2626380A (en) * 1943-09-11 1953-01-20 Cecil K Stedman Microphone
FR1066926A (fr) * 1951-10-27 1954-06-10 Brush Dev Co Pièces céramiques cuites à base de titanate de baryum
US2939970A (en) * 1954-12-03 1960-06-07 Gulton Ind Inc Spherical transducer
US2947821A (en) * 1955-06-20 1960-08-02 Erie Resistor Corp Ceramic binaural phonograph pickup
US3100291A (en) * 1960-10-25 1963-08-06 Frank R Abbott Underwater loudspeaker
US3447217A (en) * 1964-02-05 1969-06-03 Hitachi Ltd Method of producing ceramic piezoelectric vibrator
US3393764A (en) * 1966-12-27 1968-07-23 Curtiss R. Schafer Loudspeaker systems

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4473721A (en) * 1981-04-01 1984-09-25 Siegfried Klein High-frequency loud speaker
US4488010A (en) * 1981-09-28 1984-12-11 Siegfried Klein Loudspeaker
FR2569930A1 (fr) * 1984-08-28 1986-03-07 Commissariat Energie Atomique Transducteur omnidirectionnel d'ondes elastiques a large bande passante et procede de fabrication
EP0177383A1 (fr) * 1984-08-28 1986-04-09 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Transducteur omnidirectionnel d'ondes élastiques à large bande passante et procédé de fabrication
US4782471A (en) * 1984-08-28 1988-11-01 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Omnidirectional transducer of elastic waves with a wide pass band and production process
FR2573270A1 (fr) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-16 Commissariat Energie Atomique Transducteur omnidirectionnel d'ondes elastiques a large bande passante mettant en oeuvre un bobinage spherique magnetostrictif et procede de fabrication
WO1989000801A1 (fr) * 1986-06-19 1989-01-26 Reinhardt Fischer Transducteur electro-acoustique
EP0303547A1 (fr) * 1987-08-14 1989-02-15 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Transducteur omnidirectionnel d'ondes élastiques à large bande passante
FR2619481A1 (fr) * 1987-08-14 1989-02-17 Commissariat Energie Atomique Transducteur omnidirectionnel d'ondes elastiques a large bande passante
US4862430A (en) * 1987-08-14 1989-08-29 Siegfried Klein Wide pass band elastic wave omnidirectional transducer
WO1989004582A1 (fr) * 1987-11-11 1989-05-18 Reinhardt Fischer Transducteur electro-acoustique
EP0337062A2 (fr) * 1988-03-19 1989-10-18 Siegfried Dr. Klein Transducteur acousto-électrique
EP0337062A3 (fr) * 1988-03-19 1991-12-27 Siegfried Dr. Klein Transducteur acousto-électrique
FR2637760A1 (fr) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-13 Commissariat Energie Atomique Haut-parleur omnidirectionnel a large bande passante
EP0365393A1 (fr) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-25 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Haut-parleur omnidirectionnel à large bande passante

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4473721A (en) 1984-09-25
FR2503515A1 (fr) 1982-10-08
FR2503515B1 (fr) 1985-12-27
JPS5840998A (ja) 1983-03-10

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