EP0062139B1 - Elongate structural members comprised of composite wood material - Google Patents

Elongate structural members comprised of composite wood material Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0062139B1
EP0062139B1 EP82100664A EP82100664A EP0062139B1 EP 0062139 B1 EP0062139 B1 EP 0062139B1 EP 82100664 A EP82100664 A EP 82100664A EP 82100664 A EP82100664 A EP 82100664A EP 0062139 B1 EP0062139 B1 EP 0062139B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elongate
panels
flakes
wood
structural member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82100664A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0062139A2 (en
EP0062139A3 (en
Inventor
Anders E. Lund
Gordon P. Krueger
Roy D. Adams
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Michigan Technological University
Original Assignee
Michigan Technological University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michigan Technological University filed Critical Michigan Technological University
Priority to AT82100664T priority Critical patent/ATE14032T1/de
Publication of EP0062139A2 publication Critical patent/EP0062139A2/en
Publication of EP0062139A3 publication Critical patent/EP0062139A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0062139B1 publication Critical patent/EP0062139B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/36—Columns; Pillars; Struts of materials not covered by groups E04C3/32 or E04C3/34; of a combination of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the construction of elongate structural members such as utility poles, pilings, cross-ties and cross-arms from composite wood material.
  • structural members can possess. strength properties as good as or better than similar structures comprised of high grade solid wood and can be manufactured at a cost making them competitive with such solid wood structures.
  • an elongate structural member comprising a plurality of elongate panels each being comprised of a plurality of wood particles intermixed with a suitable binder and compressed to form a densified product and arranged to form an elongate structure, and means for reinforcing an elongate structure, characterised by said panels being arranged such that inwardly facing surfaces thereof define an elongate central cavity, the lateral edges of adjacent panels being fixedly joined together and means for reinforcing said elongate structure, said reinforcing means comprising a rigid foam material filling at least a portion of said elongate central cavity, said rigid foam material being bonded to said inwardly facing surfaces.
  • the rigid foam material comprises rigid polyurethane foam.
  • the invention concerns also a method for forming an elongate structural member. Further embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
  • FIG. 1 is an elongate structural member 10 comprised of composite wood material and defining an elongate hollow tapered pole of the type used as a utility pole, piling or in another similar application.
  • the elongate structural member 10 is constructed of a plurality of elongate composite panels or. boards 14, the panels 14 being comprised of composite wood material.
  • the panels 14 are illustrated as each being comprised of a plurality of planar layers 18 of composite wood material laminated together, the layers 18 being secured together by an interface adhesive 19.
  • the panels 14 so formed are miter cut or otherwise cut to shape and combined to form a composite wood pole.
  • the respective elongate lateral edges 20 of the panels 14 are joined together by an interface adhesive to thereby join the panels 14 in an octagonal shape as illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the panels 14 may be comprised of a plurality of planar composite wood material layers 18 of successively increasing lengths such that the thickness of each of the panels 14 tapers from the base portion of the pole 14 toward the upper end of the pole, the portions of the elongate panels 14 at the base portion of the illustrated pole 10 having a thickness of three layers 18 of composite material and the upper portions of the panels 14 being comprised of a single layer 18 of composite wood material.
  • the panels 14 can comprise a single layer 18 of composite wood material, those panels being tapered in thickness such that when assembled they can form a pole as illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the panels 14 are comprised of composite wood material formed from wood flakes 22 ( Figure 4) intermixed with a suitable binder material and compressed in a suitable press.
  • the compressed product is formed by constructing a loosely felted mat of wood flakes 22, the wood flakes having been mixed with a binder material.
  • the mat is formed by disposing generally planar wood flakes 22 such that the planes of the flakes 22 are generally parallel to the major plane of the mat and with substantially all of the flakes being aligned as illustrated in Figure 4 such that the longitudinal axis of the flakes 22 are mutually parallel and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongate structural component to be formed.
  • the mat is then compressed to form the dense elongate planar layers 18, the mat being compressed in generally the same manner and using the same operating conditions as are used in the manufacture of conventional particleboard.
  • At least 90% of the wood flakes 22 are to be aligned in the planar layers 18 so as to be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongate panel 14 or the layer 18 being formed.
  • the planar flakes 22 also lie in planes which are parallel to the major plane of the layer comprised of those flakes.
  • the flakes 22 each have a grain direction extending generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the flakes. Alignment of the flakes 22 also results in alignment of the wood grain of the flakes with the longitudinal axis of the structural member of pole 10 in a manner similar to a solid wood pole.
  • the pole 10 may have a more uniform grain direction than that of a solid wood pole since conventional poles will normally have innate grain inconsistencies and knots.
  • Wood flakes 22 of the type forming the layers 18 are conveniently formed using a conventional ring flaker or a round wood flaker to commutate small logs, branches, or rough pulp wood and form suitably shaped flakes 22.
  • the wood flakes 22 In the production of the elongate panels 14, it is preferred that the wood flakes 22 have a length of from (0.5 to 3.5 inches) 1.27 to 8.89 cm, a width of (0.1 to 0.5 inches) 0.25 to 1.27 cm and a thickness of (.01 to .05 inches) 0.025 to 0.127 cm. Additionally, it is preferred that the ratio of the average length of the flakes to the average width of the flakes be from about 4:1 to about 10:1.
  • An example of a convenient flake geometry is the use of flakes having a length of approximately (1.6 inches) 4.06 cm, a thickness of approximately (.02 inches) 0.05 cm and a width of (0.2 to 0.5 inches) 0.5 to 1.27 cm.
  • a convenient binder for use in the manufacture of the panels 14 can comprise phenol-formaldehyde or an isocyanate adhesive.
  • the binder may comprise an organic polyisocyanate having at least two active isocyanate groups per molecule. It has been found that an 8% resin solids composition of such binder, based on oven-dry flake weight gives satisfactory strength properties to the resulting elongate structure. To maximize coverage of the flakes, the binder may be applied by spraying droplets of the binder in liquid form on to the flakes.
  • the wood flakes may also be treated or mixed with a suitable biocide such as pentachlorophenol, creosote, chromated copper arsenate and ammoniacal copper arsenate.
  • a suitable biocide such as pentachlorophenol, creosote, chromated copper arsenate and ammoniacal copper arsenate.
  • elongate pole 10 is shown as having an octagonal cross-sectional configuration, it should be understood that the pole could alternatively have other cross-sectional configurations such as a circular or a hexagonal cross-sectional configuration.
  • the respective panels 14 of the elongate pole 10 are conveniently fixedly joined together at their elongate lateral edges 20 by any high strength adhesive such as resorcinol-formaldehyde, and isocyanate adhesive, or other adhesive suitable for bonding wood products, it is contemplated that the panels 14 could also be joined together by splines or by a combination of splines and an adhesive.
  • the pole 10 also includes means for providing structural reinforcement for the panels 14forming the pole and for further bonding the panels 14 together.
  • This means includes a foam material 24 poured or injected into the central elongate cavity 26 formed by the panels, the foam material 24 filling at least a portion of the elongate cavity 26.
  • the foam material 24 can conveniently comprise a foam-in-place rigid polyurethane foam which can be poured into the elongate central cavity 26 as a pourable liquid and which will then foam so as to form a rigid core filling the pole.
  • the rigidity of the polyurethane foam core provides structural support for the elongate structure formed by the panels 14, and the polyurethane foam will also form an adhesive bond with the inner planar surfaces 28 of the panels 14 and will thus act as an additional means for bonding the panels 14 together and for preventing them from separating.
  • An example of a suitable polyurethane foam is BAYTHERM 851 produced by Mobay Chemical Corporation of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. As is conventional, the polyurethane foam is made by mixing two liquid components, whereupon the liquid material foams and cures at room temperature to form a rigid foam 24.
  • the density of the resultant rigid polyurethane foam can be varied in a conventional manner by varying the quantities of the two components combined, it has been found that a suitable density is (2 Ibs/ft 3 ) 32 kg/m 3 .
  • the rigidity of the foam and the reinforcing strength of the foam can be increased by increasing the density of the . foam used.
  • a pole having increased strength may be produced by employing foam having a density of (5 Ibs/ft 3 ) 80 kg/m 3 , but the expense of the pole increases due to the increase in the amount of foam material used.
  • polyurethane foam material in the elongate cavity 26 has a closed cell structure and thereby does not readily absorb moisture and provides an effective barrier to movement of moisture in the pole interior.
  • the foam material 24 has been described as comprising polyurethane, in other embodiments, the foam material could comprise other suitable foam-in-place materials. It is preferred, however, that the material have the properties of inhibiting the movement of moisture into the pole, and that it so forms a bond with the panels to thereby provide structural rigidity or reinforcement to the pole. It is also preferred that the foam material be a rigid foam rather than a flexible foam so that the rigid foam provides structural support for the pole. In a preferred form of the invention it is also desirable that the foam material selected have the property of curing at room temperature. Though other foam materials can be used, manufacturing costs can be reduced if heating of the foam material to effect curing can be avoided. In other alternative forms, filler materials such as wood chips, saw dust, wood strands or the like could also be mixed into the liquid material poured into the cavity 26 to form the rigid foam.
  • filler materials such as wood chips, saw dust, wood strands or the like could also be mixed into the liquid material poured into the cavity 26 to form the rigid foam.
  • foam material 24 in the lower end of the pole 10 will be particularly effective for inhibiting movement of moisture into the pole.
  • the foam material 24 in the upper end of the pole 10 provides reinforcement of that end of the pole which is intended to support utility pole cross-arms or the like.
  • FIG. 5 Illustrated in Figure 5 is an alternative embodiment of an elongate structural member embodying the invention.
  • the elongate structural member 40 shown there comprises a hollow elongate cross-arm of the type commonly employed with utility poles and used to supporttele- phone lines or power lines. More particularly, the cross-arm 40 is comprised of four planar elongate panels 42 each comprised of composite wood material produced in the manner described above and having a construction as shown in Figure 4.
  • the elongate panels 42 are fixedly joined together at their interfaces 44 by a suitable adhesive of the type previously described. It should be understood that the panels 42 could also be secured together by other suitable joining means.
  • the elongate panels 42 of the cross-arms 40 are comprised of elongate wood flakes 22 aligned such that substantially all of the flakes are positioned with their longitudinal axes parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongate panels 42 and with the generally planar flakes 22 oriented so as to define planes substantially parallel to the major plane of the elongate panel defined by the flakes.
  • means are also provided for filling at least a portion of the elongate central cavity 46 of the cross-arm, the means for filling also functioning to provide structural reinforcement or support for the elongate panels 42 forming the cross-arm and to provide means for further bonding the panels 42 together.
  • the means for filling includes a rigid foam material 48 which can be poured or injected into the central elongate cavity 46 defined by the elongate panels. It is preferred that the foam material 48 have the property of forming an adhesive bond with the internal surfaces 50 of the panels as previously described so that the internal foam material 48 will bond the panels together. As previously described, one preferred foam material having this property and also providing structural rigidity is a rigid polyurethane foam.
  • the rigid foam material is placed in the cross-arm by positioning the cross-arm vertically, whereupon the polyurethane foam can be poured in its liquid state into the cross-arm. This material will then foam-in-place to fill the elongate central cavity of the cross-arm and will cure to form a rigid core for the cross-arm.
  • the polyurethane could also be injected into the cavity 46 using a conventional foam injection nozzle arrangement.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
EP82100664A 1981-04-03 1982-01-30 Elongate structural members comprised of composite wood material Expired EP0062139B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82100664T ATE14032T1 (de) 1981-04-03 1982-01-30 Aus holzmaterialgemischen gebildete laengliche strukturkoerper.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US25087881A 1981-04-03 1981-04-03
US250878 1981-04-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0062139A2 EP0062139A2 (en) 1982-10-13
EP0062139A3 EP0062139A3 (en) 1983-05-18
EP0062139B1 true EP0062139B1 (en) 1985-06-26

Family

ID=22949523

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82100664A Expired EP0062139B1 (en) 1981-04-03 1982-01-30 Elongate structural members comprised of composite wood material

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0062139B1 (no)
AT (1) ATE14032T1 (no)
DE (1) DE3264351D1 (no)
FI (1) FI71603C (no)
NO (1) NO820638L (no)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110330632A (zh) * 2019-07-16 2019-10-15 华北电力大学（保定） 一种用于复合绝缘横担的芯体填充材料的制备方法

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3275395D1 (en) * 1982-06-04 1987-03-12 Univ Michigan Tech Elongate structural members comprised of composite wood material
FR2589553B1 (fr) * 1985-10-31 1987-12-11 Graffin Andre Poutre composee
FR2770865B1 (fr) * 1997-11-13 2000-04-07 Laurent Brouillard Poutre en bois destinee, notamment, a la construction ou a l'ameublement, son procede de fabrication et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
FR2812317B1 (fr) * 2000-07-31 2002-10-11 Martial Malvy Poutre creuse et procede de fabrication de ladite poutre
GB0319172D0 (en) * 2003-08-15 2003-09-17 Univ Napier Support beam
CN104775566A (zh) * 2015-03-26 2015-07-15 广东省建筑设计研究院 一种建筑结构用内置芯柱的复合型木结构柱
FR3055638B1 (fr) * 2016-09-06 2020-10-02 Willigen Willem Arnold Van Elements de construction, procede d'assemblage de tels elements et construction ainsi realisee
CN110005245B (zh) * 2019-04-12 2021-03-19 合肥海银杆塔有限公司 一种垂直骨架的复合材料杆塔及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE867907C (de) * 1950-09-16 1954-03-15 Gerhard Freiherr Von Poelnitz Mast fuer Stromleitungszwecke
DE950237C (de) * 1952-02-14 1956-10-04 Hermann Gewecke Dr Ing Holzmast, insbesondere fuer elektrische Aussenleitungen
GB745540A (en) * 1953-03-12 1956-02-29 Thomas John Ebdon Improvements in or relating to lamp standards or lamp posts for use in street, road or similar lighting
US2824342A (en) * 1953-06-16 1958-02-25 Timber Engineering Co Fabricated pole
US3956555A (en) * 1974-09-23 1976-05-11 Potlatch Corporation Load carrying member constructed of oriented wood strands and process for making same
FR2348345A1 (fr) * 1976-04-16 1977-11-10 Chambriard Ets Paul Poteau creux pour usage public
US4255477A (en) * 1978-10-24 1981-03-10 Holman John A Artificial board of lumber
NO150525C (no) * 1979-05-31 1992-02-11 Hallvard Berge Trestolpe for kraftlinjer eller liknende, samt maskin forfremstilling av samme
SE437391B (sv) * 1979-08-23 1985-02-25 Larsson Bertil Forfarande for tillverkning av treregel
DE3010141A1 (de) * 1980-03-15 1981-09-24 Bison element Bähre & Greten GmbH & Co KG, 3454 Bevern Bauelement, insbesondere platte, brett, balken o.dgl.
CH634624A5 (en) * 1980-04-03 1983-02-15 Golay Roger Scierie Sa Composite plank for the construction of chalets

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110330632A (zh) * 2019-07-16 2019-10-15 华北电力大学（保定） 一种用于复合绝缘横担的芯体填充材料的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0062139A2 (en) 1982-10-13
DE3264351D1 (en) 1985-08-01
FI71603B (fi) 1986-10-10
EP0062139A3 (en) 1983-05-18
NO820638L (no) 1982-10-04
FI71603C (fi) 1987-01-19
ATE14032T1 (de) 1985-07-15
FI820675L (fi) 1982-10-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE10085095B3 (de) Platten mit einem vorgehärteten verstärkten Kern, Bodenanordnung enthaltend die Platten und deren Verwendung
US5440846A (en) Construction for building panels and other building components
EP0062139B1 (en) Elongate structural members comprised of composite wood material
EP1165903A1 (en) Composite building components, and method of making same
EP3455064B1 (de) Bauelement mit deckplatten und rohrsegmenten aus einem holzwerkstoff
EP0096121B1 (en) Elongate structural members comprised of composite wood material
DE4415406C2 (de) Schall- und/oder Wärmeisolierende Dämmteile
DE4413953C2 (de) Wand-, Decken-, oder Dachelement für Gebäude in Tafelbauart
US7507456B2 (en) Laminated structural members
US20090087656A1 (en) Reinforced Foam Panel
EP1283926B1 (de) Tafelförmiges holzverbundelement
CA1185413A (en) Elongate structural members comprised of composite wood material
WO2007110223A1 (de) Sandwichplattenverbund
DE2927425A1 (de) Waermegedaemmter fertigbauteil zum herstellen von boeden
EP2893101B1 (de) Mehrlagige brettplatte
WO1993009947A1 (de) Leichte sandwichplatte
DE4238562A1 (en) Light sandwich plate - comprises two deck layers between which is core of vertically arranged plant stalks
JPH07314413A (ja) 繊維板およびその製法
EP0632793A1 (en) Improved cement composition and construction for building panels and other building materials
DE8504480U1 (de) Konstruktionselement in Stützkernbauweise in Form einer ebenen Platte oder eines Schalenbauteils zur Verwendung als Haube, Abdeckung od. dgl.
DE29805264U1 (de) Konstruktionselement mit armiertem Stützkern
EP1457615A1 (de) Wandelement mit Styroporkugeln
DE3010141A1 (de) Bauelement, insbesondere platte, brett, balken o.dgl.
SU1344875A1 (ru) Способ изготовлени узловых блоков перекрестных строительных конструкций
DE10344755A1 (de) Verwindungssichere Fussbodenplatte mit Oberflächenschicht und damit hergestellter Boden

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19831102

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19850626

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 19850626

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19850626

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19850626

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 14032

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19850715

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3264351

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19850801

ET Fr: translation filed
NLV1 Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19890112

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19890116

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19890131

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19890228

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TP

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19900130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19900131

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19900928

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19901002

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 82100664.0

Effective date: 19901106