EP0060878B1 - Procede d'extraction d'eau d'une bande dans la section de presse d'une machine a papier - Google Patents

Procede d'extraction d'eau d'une bande dans la section de presse d'une machine a papier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0060878B1
EP0060878B1 EP81902752A EP81902752A EP0060878B1 EP 0060878 B1 EP0060878 B1 EP 0060878B1 EP 81902752 A EP81902752 A EP 81902752A EP 81902752 A EP81902752 A EP 81902752A EP 0060878 B1 EP0060878 B1 EP 0060878B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
nips
press section
nip
roll
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Expired
Application number
EP81902752A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0060878A1 (fr
Inventor
Antti Lehtinen
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Valmet Technologies Oy
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Valmet Oy
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Application filed by Valmet Oy filed Critical Valmet Oy
Priority to AT81902752T priority Critical patent/ATE13701T1/de
Publication of EP0060878A1 publication Critical patent/EP0060878A1/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F3/00—Press section of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F3/02—Wet presses
    • D21F3/04—Arrangements thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of dewatering a web in the press section of a paper machine, according to the preamble of claim 1 (US ⁇ A ⁇ 4163688).
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a method and a means by which the runability of a paper machine can be improved by enhancing the dewatering in the press section so that the web departs from the press section in a drier and stronger condition than before.
  • the object of the invention is not so much to create an optimum situation of heat economy on paper machines, but the invention rather aims at optimizing the operational economy of the paper machine, taking into account the runability (reliability in operation) of the paper machine as well, and at influencing the properties of the paper that is turned out.
  • SE-A-133 230 From SE-A-133 230 a papermaking machine is known in which heating between nips of the press section is applied at one or more places in order to improve dewatering and strength of the web. These places however are not specified and the steam supply members are disposed in the suction sector of the suction roll or suction box.
  • Apparatus serving to boost the dewatering action, based on raising the temperature of the felt, web and/or roll, have not gained any extensive use, particularly not in fast-running paper machines.
  • the reason herefor is partly the fact that it has not been possible with apparatus of prior art to introduce any high enough heat flow at the points of supply. This, again, is due to the fact that e.g. with a view to preventing deterioration of the felt the temperature of the treatment gas is limited; owing to the high felt and web velocities the time available for heat transfer is short; and also the heat transfer surface is rather restricted owing to space considerations.
  • the object of the present invention is to afford a solution to these problems as well.
  • the method of the invention is characterized in that both with a view to improving the paper technology properties of the paper web that is being produced with a view to enhancing the dewatering action and improving the runability of the paper machine, for effectively creating strengthening bonds of hemicellulose contained within the web to be treated, additionally to the first set of heating means a second heating effect is directed from the other side of the web to the interior in the interval between the second and third nips along a sector of said smooth-surfaced roll, and in that the thermal energy of these two heating effects is such that the temperature of the web rises before the last nip of the said press section substantially at above 50°C but remains preferably below 95°C.
  • the favourable effects of the invention may be based, in part at least, on the circumstance that the fibres normally used in paper manufacturing contain, in addition to cellulose and lignin, also various types of hemicellulose, and these are in wetted condition transformed into a plastic state at remarkably low temperatures, compared with lignin and cellulose.
  • the hemicelluloses contribute in the first place to the strength of the paper.
  • the lignin content and/or filler content of the pulp stock, or the filler quality may have some significance regarding the mode of action of the new method of the invention.
  • the results of experiment stated in the application already serve to demonstrate that by the invention new and unexpected effects, and even combination effects, are attained.
  • the invention also has a chance,, partially at least, to eliminate the paper strength-diminishing effect incurred through the use of fillers.
  • the favourable effects of the invention can be attributed to the fact that by heating the web in two separate steps, the paper's modulus of elasticity can be substantially lowered, which among other things promotes the dewatering action.
  • the web temperature is about 30-40°C, implying that in the heat treatment steps of the invention the temperature of the web is raised in an altogether substantial amount-at least about 20°C and in certain instances up to about 60-70°C.
  • the temperature of the web is raised in an altogether substantial amount-at least about 20°C and in certain instances up to about 60-70°C.
  • the invention further affords the advantage that specifically at the supply points adequate space is available for the thermal energy supplying apparatus.
  • the construction and mode of operation of the paper machine depicted in Fig. 1 will be understood through the following.
  • the paper web W is detached between the rolls 5 and 53 from the wire 52 with the aid of the pick-up roll 3, which operates within its own felt loop 32.
  • the web W remains adherent to the felt 32 by the aid of the vacuum acting within the roll 3.
  • This suction zone is indicated by the reference numeral 31.
  • Against the roll 3 operates, spaced by an arc of about 150-180 degrees the transfer suction roll 4, which operates within the loop of its own felt 1a.
  • the suction zone of the transfer suction roll 4 has been indicated with reference numeral 41.
  • the web W transfers from the felt 32 to the felt 1a.
  • Fig. 1 a pair of rolls 3/4 has been shown, it is natural that the invention may equally well be applied in those press sections which have no rolls 3 and 4 and no felt 32 at all, instead of which the felt 1b operates in a manner known in itself in the art as a pick-up felt having within its loop a particular pick-up roll corresponding to the roll 3 and which operates in conjunction with the wire 52 between the rolls 5 and 53.
  • the latter transports the web W to the first dewatering nip N 1 of the press section, which nip is defined by the rolls 2a and 2b, and the pressing in said nip N 1 taking place between two felts 1a and 1b.
  • the roll 2a is a water-receiving roll, such as a recessed surface roll for instance
  • the roll 2b is a suction roll with either a continuous suction zone 21 or a plurality of suction compartments.
  • the web W moves adherent to the surface of the felt 1b, to the second dewatering nip N 2 , defined between the rolls 2b and 2c.
  • the roll 2c is a smooth-surfaced roll and it has no felt, whereby the dewatering in the second nip N 2 is towards the suction roll 2b.
  • the web W transfers from the felt 1 b to the roll 2c, which conveys it to the third nip N 3 of the press system, the roll 2d of this nip being a recessed surface roll and being provided with a felt 1d of its own.
  • the w W may be conducted in conventional manner to the drying section. It is possible, however, to provide additional nips against the roll 2c. These may be either felted-if it is desired to obtain enhanced dewatering action-or without felt with a view to a smoothing effect alone, e.g. such as the roll 2e, which has been fitted with a soft covering.
  • the press section may comprise, instead of the recessed surface roll 2d, a separate pair of rolls defining a press nip.
  • One of these rolls may be a roll with recessed surface and provided with a felt of its own.
  • the other roll may be one with a smooth surface.
  • the felts of the system shown in Figures have been denoted with the reference numerals 1a, 1b, 1d, 32; the felt guide rolls, correspondingly, with 23, 33.
  • the suction zones of the different rolls carry the numerals 21, 31, 41, 51 and the cleaning doctor of roll 2c, the numeral 24.
  • Fig. 1 have been shown the first two drying cylinders 81 of the drying section of the paper machine and the so-called lead-in cylinder 80. It is exactly the breaks occurring at the first free draws D 1 , D 2 , D 3 etc. of web W which the procedure and apparatus of the invention are meant to help eliminate.
  • a first heating means which is a stem supply box 60, of which the supply face opens towards the outer surface, exposed at this point, of the web W running in the suction zone 21 upon the felt 1b.
  • the structural details of the steam supply box 60 are readable in Fig. 2.
  • the supply face a of the steam supply box 60 is preferably located within the holding sector ⁇ 2 of the suction roll 2b. Adjacent to the first nip N 1 of the press is located a dewatering suction sector ⁇ 1 and adjacent to the second nip N 2 , the dewatering suction sector ⁇ 3 .
  • the shell 25 of the suction roll 2b is perforated (formaminous) in a manner known itself in the art.
  • the steam supply box 60 comprises a steam supply tube 62 disposed therewithin, communicating by the steam supply valve 76 with a steam distribution header, into which the steam is supplied from apparatus inherently belonging to a paper machine.
  • control means 75 which govern the actuating motor 77 of the control valve 76. It is possible to provide on the margins of the steam supply box 60, suction means by which any detrimental lateral discharge of steam from the margins of the box 60 is prevented.
  • the supply tube 62 of the steam supply box 60 serves as supporting structure thereof.
  • To the steam supply tube 62 have been affixed by supporting structures 73, edge beams and a jacket sheet 64.
  • the steam supply tube 62 and the said jacket sheet 64 define within themselves a volume 70, into which the steam is introduced from the tube 62 through the nozzle holes 67.
  • the steam supply holes 67 are preferably farther between in the end regions of the box, with a view to reducing leakages.
  • the steam supply box 60 comprises the outer jacket 65 and the thermal lagging 66 therewithin.
  • the supply face of the steam supply box 60 to which corresponds the sector a, consists of a curved plate 71, 72 adjacent to the free outer surface of the web W and made e.g. of sintered material, or so perforated that the steam gains access therethrough to act on the web W.
  • the plates 71, 72 are not indispensable in every case, and the steam supply box 60 may as well be open at the point of supply.
  • the steam supply apertures 67 open in the opposite direction from the supply plates 71, 72, whereby the steam jets F o have time to slow down and to become equalized in the volume 70 prior to discharging through the plate 71, 72 as flows F 1 against the web W.
  • second heating means 100 disposed between the second nip N 2 and the third nip N 3 .
  • the second heating means 100 have among others the important characteristic feature that they direct a heating effect on the web while this is within the region of the smooth-surfaced roll 2c, on the opposite side of the web with reference to the heating effect of the first heating means 60.
  • the second heating means 100 have been disposed to extend over the largest possible sector y between the nips N 2 and N 3 .
  • the second heating means 100 have been disposed to extend over the entire breadth of the web W, and these means comprise a frame component 101, with a front end face and rear end face 102.
  • On the curved frame component 101 has been mounted a great number of infra-red radiators 103, which direct against the surface of the web W a radiation of high enough intensity.
  • the infra-red radiators 103 are known in themselves in the art, and they are supplied from an electricity supply 104 through a lead 105.
  • the web temperature is further elevated with reference to the amount in which the first heating means 60 have heated the web.
  • the second means is used to heat the web on the opposite side from that concerned in connection with the first means.
  • the intensity of the radiation R brought to bear by means of the second heating means 100 is advantageously in the range of 50 to 500 kW/m 2 , preferably about 400 kW/m 2 .
  • the first heating means 60 of the invention are characterized in that they have been disposed after the nip N 1 and before the second nip N 2 at the point where the web W passes over the holding sector ⁇ 2 of the suction roll 2b, upon the felt 1b.
  • the steam supply box 60 or equivalent is placed after a nip where the dry matter content of the web is about 20-35%. preferably at least about 30%.
  • the temperature of the web W is raised by subjecting the web from the direction of its outer surface, on a remarkably extensive sector a, to the effect of hot aqueous steam in such manner that a significant proportion of the treatment steam condenses expressly within the web W, thereby releasing its latent heat and thus increasing the temperature of the web W and reducing the viscosity of the water, and in this way boosting the dewatering action in the subsequent nip N 2 .
  • Condensation of steam may also take place into the felt 1b, and part of the steam may pass through the felt 1b into the suction chamber of the roll 2b.
  • the treating steam is substantially under atmospheric pressure in the interior volume 70 of the steam supply box 60, owing to the loss of pressure caused by the nozzle holes 67, and the steam flow into and through the web W, and partly potentially also through the felt 1b, is mainly achieved by effect of the vacuum at the suction zone ⁇ 2 adjacent to the suction roll 2b.
  • the invention produces the favourable ancillary effect that the felt loop 1b, which circulates continuously through the sector a attains a certain elevated temperature, and as a result hereof in passing through the nip N 1 it boosts the dewatering action in the nip N 1 .
  • the treatment steam is used in the first heating means is saturated steam, but it is equally possible to use somewhat superheated steam, however, minding the temperature endurance of the web W and, above all, of the felt 1 b thereinunder.
  • the steam box 60 By using the steam box 60, a uniform discharge of the steam over an extensive area on the web W is achieved, and since the steam is substantially under atmospheric pressure in the interior volume 70 of the steam supply box 60, it follows that the steam supply box 60 need not be dimensioned as a pressure vessel, and the construction will be comparatively simple and inexpensive in this part.
  • the second heating means is used to the purpose of heating, infra-red radiation of high enough intensity, or another high frequency electromagnetic radiation.
  • To use steam in the region of nips N 2 and N 3 is not advantageous in the respect that because the roll 2c is smooth the heating effect of the steam cannot be made to penetrate to the same depth as is feasible in the case of infra-red radiation or microwave radiation or another equivalent heating effect based on radiation.
  • Fig. 3 reveals that when using the procedure of the invention, and most specifically a steam box with 2 ATM pressure, together with the infra-red radiation means 100 described in the foregoing, an increase is achieved in the dry matter content of the web W from about 39,5% to about 49%. It is moreover noted that by using the two-step heat treatment of the invention the dry matter content can be increased quite substantially compared with the alternative of using an equivalent steam box alone.
  • Fig. 4 reveals the Scott bond of the manufactured paper, and it is seen from this figure that in the procedure of the invention the Scott bond increases altogether drastically compared with the alternative of no heat treatment being applied at all, and that it increases substantially even compared with the use of the equivalent steam box alone, i.e. with single step steam treatment between the first and second nips.
  • Fig. 6 presents the symmetry of ink absorptivity, expressed by the ratio of the absorptivity on both sides of the web.
  • Fig. 7 has been schematically depicted, the paper machine in its entirety, and above it, concerning the standard paper machine known in the art, the increase of the web's dry matter content in the drying section after the press section known in the art (curve A).
  • the paper machine depicted in Fig. 7 comprises a former section 120, a press section 130 and a drying section 140.
  • AD represents the increase of dry matter content according to the invention
  • the point P indicates that point on the curve A where, in the case that pressing components known in the art are used, is first attained a dry matter content equally high as that obtained immediately after the press section already by applying the procedure and apparatus of the invention. If now in the press section 130 the two-step hot pressing of the invention is applied, increase of the dry matter content is achieved from about 40% to 50%, as the curve A reveals. It is then possible, in new paper machines, to shorten the drying section 140 by the length of the portion 141, which corresponds to approximately 36% of the total length of the drying section 140.
  • the second heating step (device 100) of the invention it is not necessary therein to heat any felt, because the web W lies directly against the smooth roll 2c.
  • the temperature of the smooth-surface roll 2c for instance a stone roll, fairly soon acquires a certain equilibrium, whereat the roll 2c heats the web in the nip N 2 already, and thereafter.
  • the appropriate intensity of the radiation R delivered by the means 100 has been estimated at about 50-500 kW/m 2 .
  • the web temperature can be economically raised e.g. to about 80°C or even higher, unexpectedly high dry matter contents are achieved, yet without impairing most important service characteristics of the paper.
  • certain paper technology characteristics are in fact substantially improved thanks to the invention.
  • the increase of the dry matter content after the press section in itself, increases the wet strength of the web and therethrough improves the runability.

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  • Paper (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Procédé de déshydratation d'une bande dans la section de pressage d'une machine à papier, ladite section de pressage comprenant trois, ou plus, pincements de pressage successifs (N) entre lesquels passe la bande (W) à traiter, pincements dont le premier (Nl), de préférence l'un de ceux munis de deux feutres, est défini entre un cylindre de recueil de l'eau (2a) et un cylindre d'aspiration (2b) et le second pincement (N2) compris entre ledit cylindre d'aspiration (2b) et un cylindre à surface lisse (2c), ledit cylindre à surface lisse (2c) servant comme l'une des deux cylindres dans le ou les pincement suivants (N3), dans lequel, pour augmenter l'effet de déshydratation de la machine à papier, un premier jeu de moyens (60) est prévu pour diriger un effet de chauffage depuis un côté de la bandé jusqu'à l'intérieur de cette dernière dans l'intervalle compris entre les premier et second pincements (Ni, N2), caractérisé en ce que, pour créer efficacement les liaisons de renforcement de l'hémicellulose contenue dans la bande à traiter, outre le premier jeu de moyens de chauffage (60) un second effet de chauffage est dirigé depuis l'autre côté de la bande (W) jusqu'à l'intérieur de cette dernière dans l'intervalle compris entre le second et le troisième pincement (N2, N3) le long d'un secteur (y) dudit cylindre à surface lisse (2c), et en ce que l'énergie thermique de ces deux effets de chauffage est telle que la température de la bande s'élève avant le dernier pincement (N3) de ladite section de pressage sensiblement au-dessus de 50°C, mais reste de préférence en dessous de 95°C.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, dans l'intervalle compris entre le premier et le second pincement (N1, N2), l'effet de chauffage est appliqué, d'une manière connue en soi dans l'art antérieur, en dirigeant de la vapeur chaude et humide vers la bande (W) le long d'une secteur compris entre lesdits pincement (Ni, N2) et en ce que, dans l'intervalle compris entre le second et le troisième pincement (N2, N3) l'effet de chauffage est appliqué au moyen d'infrarouges, de micro-ondes et/ou d'autres types de rayonnements électro-magnétiques.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'intensité du rayonnement appliqué entre le second et le troisième pincement (N2, N3) de la section de pressage est dans la fourchette de 50-500 kW/m2, de préférence aux environs de 400 kW/m 2 .
4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que dans les trois dits pincements (Ni, N2, N3) une quantité suffisante d'énergie thermique est introduite dans la bande de manière que la teneur en matière sèche de la bande quand elle quitte ladite section de pressage soit supérieure à 40-50%.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, 2, 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la longueur des secteurs le long desquels, dans l'intervalle compris entre le premier et le second pincement (Ni, N2) et entre le second et le troisième pincement (N2, N3), lesdits effets de chauffage sont dirigés vers la bande (W) est au moins d'environ 30% de la longueur totale de chaque secteur compris entre lesdits pincements (N1, N2, N3), respectivement.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la longueur dudit secteur (y) le long duquel l'effet de chauffage est appliqué tandis que la bande (W) passe sur la paroi du cylindre à surface lisse (2c) est supérieure de 50%, de préférence de 70 à 90%, de la longueur totale du secteur compris entre le premier et le troisième pincement (N2, N3).
7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que les pressions de pincement appliquées dans la section de pressage sont de l'ordre de Ni=70 kN/m, N2=80 kN/m et N3=90 kN/m.
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la température de la bande immédiatement avant le dernier pincement de pressage (N3) de ladite section de pressage est supérieure à 60°C.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la température de la bande (W) immédiatement avant le dernier pincement de pressage (N3) de ladite section de pressage est supérieure à 70°C.
10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la température de la bande (W) avant le dernier pincement de pressage (N3) de ladite section de pressage est supérieure à 80°C.
11. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en matières sèches de la bande quand elle quitte ladite section de pressage est dans le fourchette de 40-45% dans les bandes constituées de matières pulpeuses à papier qui sont réfractaires à la déshydratation et supérieure à 55% dans les bandes constituées de matières pulpeuses à papier qui sont comparativement faciles à déshydrater.
EP81902752A 1980-09-25 1981-09-22 Procede d'extraction d'eau d'une bande dans la section de presse d'une machine a papier Expired EP0060878B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81902752T ATE13701T1 (de) 1980-09-25 1981-09-22 Verfahren zum entwaessern einer bahn in der presspartie einer papiermaschine.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI803021A FI803021A (fi) 1980-09-25 1980-09-25 Foerfarande i pressdelen i en pappersmaskin
FI803021 1980-09-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0060878A1 EP0060878A1 (fr) 1982-09-29
EP0060878B1 true EP0060878B1 (fr) 1985-06-05

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ID=8513807

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EP81902752A Expired EP0060878B1 (fr) 1980-09-25 1981-09-22 Procede d'extraction d'eau d'une bande dans la section de presse d'une machine a papier

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0060878B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1170883A (fr)
ES (1) ES505752A0 (fr)
FI (1) FI803021A (fr)
IT (1) IT1138640B (fr)
WO (1) WO1982001203A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT394739B (de) * 1989-06-09 1992-06-10 Andritz Ag Maschf Vorrichtung zur entwaesserung einer zellstoffbahn bzw. einer materialbahn fuer eine pappenerzeugung

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI75382C (fi) * 1982-08-24 1988-06-09 Valmet Oy Pressparti utan pressugvals i pappersmaskin.
US5082533A (en) * 1990-04-10 1992-01-21 Beloit Corporation Heated extended nip press with porous roll layers
DE19941295A1 (de) * 1999-08-31 2001-03-01 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement
DE102005050281A1 (de) * 2005-10-20 2007-04-26 Voith Patent Gmbh Pressanordnung

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2209761A (en) * 1938-05-31 1940-07-30 Beloit Iron Works Process and apparatus for drying webs
US4163688A (en) * 1972-11-30 1979-08-07 Valmet Oy Apparatus for dewatering in a paper machine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT394739B (de) * 1989-06-09 1992-06-10 Andritz Ag Maschf Vorrichtung zur entwaesserung einer zellstoffbahn bzw. einer materialbahn fuer eine pappenerzeugung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0060878A1 (fr) 1982-09-29
ES8302147A1 (es) 1983-01-01
IT1138640B (it) 1986-09-17
CA1170883A (fr) 1984-07-17
ES505752A0 (es) 1983-01-01
IT8124168A0 (it) 1981-09-25
WO1982001203A1 (fr) 1982-04-15
FI803021A (fi) 1982-03-26

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