EP0060354B1 - Verfahren zum Entfernen von Schwefel und Asche aus Kohle - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Entfernen von Schwefel und Asche aus Kohle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0060354B1
EP0060354B1 EP19810301043 EP81301043A EP0060354B1 EP 0060354 B1 EP0060354 B1 EP 0060354B1 EP 19810301043 EP19810301043 EP 19810301043 EP 81301043 A EP81301043 A EP 81301043A EP 0060354 B1 EP0060354 B1 EP 0060354B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coal
mixture
sulphur
ash
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19810301043
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0060354A1 (de
Inventor
George E. Brown, Jr.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Feldkamp Joseph F Jr
Original Assignee
Feldkamp Joseph F Jr
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Publication date
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Application filed by Feldkamp Joseph F Jr filed Critical Feldkamp Joseph F Jr
Priority to DE8181301043T priority Critical patent/DE3171535D1/de
Priority to EP19810301043 priority patent/EP0060354B1/de
Publication of EP0060354A1 publication Critical patent/EP0060354A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/02—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by chemical means

Definitions

  • High sulfur coal i.e., about 3%, exists in unmined form and also in the form of already mined coal that has been discarded, i.e., refuse coal.
  • Refuse coal usually consists of fines which result from the processing of coal. More particularly, when coal is mined it is normally crushed and washed and the washings are generally dumped and used as land fill or dumped into a lake or stream. In the latter case, over a period of time, the pond or stream becomes almost completely filled with the finely powdered coal. Not only is a significant waste of coal but it is injurious to the lakes and streams. Many lakes have become “dead” lakes dueto this disposal of waste coal. The ash content of such refuse coal, i.e., above 20% by weight, also makes it economically unattractive to attempt to utilize it.
  • a method of treating pulverised coal to remove sulphur comprises adding pickle liquor to the coal, subsequent adding to the coal of a mixture of water with chlorine gas added thereto, the amount of pickle liquor and chlorine gas being sufficient to provide a mixture having a pH of less than about 3, and physically separating the coal from the mixture.
  • the present invention is applicable to high sulphur, high ash refuse or virgin coal.
  • coal crushed to about 1/4 by 0 size (that is 1/4 inch down to 325 Tyler mesh in size­6.35 to 0.04x10- 2 m) is first treated with spent pickle liquor. Thereafter it is subjected to a strong acidic oxidizing agent. More particularly, the acidified coal mixture is treated with a mixture of chlorine gas dissolved in water. Thereafter coal and ash are separated through the use of water and gravity. Following this, the acid solution remaining is treated with lime and the precipitate which contains various sulfur compounds is discarded. These sulfur compounds exists in such a state that they are not injurious to our environment when discarded and in fact have a beneficial effect on dead lakes.
  • a method of removing ash and sulphur from coal wherein sulphur is present comprises forming a coal and water mixture from pulverized coal and a minor amount of water, treating the mixture with chlorine gas in an amount sufficient to convert the sulphur to a sulphur containing acid(s), physically separating ash and coal from the mixture, treating the remaining mixture containing the sulphur containing acid(s) with lime whereby the sulphur is precipitated as calcium salts, and physically separating the calcium salts.
  • the process of this invention can be effectively practised on any high sulphur content coal.
  • refuse coal that at the present time has no utility.
  • the refuse coal contains less than about 1% sulphur, has about 5-6% ash, has about 14,000-14,500 British thermal unit (btu) per pound (3:26-3.37x104 J/kg), and is processed into easily handled pellets.
  • btu British thermal unit
  • the refuse coal typically contains 2-3% sulphur, 25-30% ash and has a btu per pound content of only 7,500 (1.74x10 4 J/Kg).
  • Refuse coal is produced as the result of normal coal mining operations and exists as a result of coal being crushed and washed. Typically it is 1/4 by 0 and discarded as land fill or thrown into a pond, lake or stream. In some instances as much as 20% by weight of the mined coal ends up in the form of heretofore unusable refuse coal.
  • the pulverized coal is first mixed with spent pickle liquor.
  • a pickling acid to remove scale, rust, etc. Most frequently 60° Be' sulfuric acid is employed and this is the preferred form for use in the present invention although other acid pickle liquors may be employed.
  • the spent pickle liquor comprising the acid and various iron compounds such as Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 31 FeS0 4 .7H 2 0 and other contaminants must be disposed of. Obviously, the disposal of such a liquid poses a significant problem from an environmental standpoint.
  • the amount of spent pickle liquor mixed with the pulverized coal is somewhat dependent on the sulfur content of the coal. Usually though 2% pickle liquor based on the weight of the coal is sufficient.
  • the mixture is introduced into any suitable type of reactor mixture and mixed with about 20% by weight of water.
  • the water temperature and temperature of the mixture is 80-90°F (26.7-37.2°C). This may require suitable heating or cooling means of conventional design.
  • chlorine gas Into the reactor mixture is introduced chlorine gas.
  • the amount of chlorine required is an amount sufficient to provide a mixture having a pH of about 3 or less.
  • the chlorine gas provides hydrochloric acid, hypochlorous acid and nascent oxygen.
  • iron disulphide iron pyrite
  • the ash and coal that are present can be mechanically separated from each other and from the acid solution.
  • One convenient way for doing so consists of introducing the entire mixture into a conically shaped separator of conventional design, where provision is made at the bottom for introducing water. At the top a weir is provided such that material at the surface of the mixture will be transferred out of the separator and into a discharge conduit. The denser heavier coal particles fall to the bottom and are discharged through an outlet. The coal is then dried and preferably pelletized.
  • a sufficient amount of lime to precipitate most of the sulfur as calcium salts i.e., CaS0 3 , CaS, CaS0 4 or other salts of calcium containing sulfur.
  • the amount of lime required is that amount which is required to provide a neutral or nearly neutral pH.
  • Such precipitated salts are thereafter separated and preferably used as fill in coal slurry ponds. If the ponds are not totally filled but if a sufficient amount of the precipitate is added over a relatively short period of time the pond is once again capable of supporting life.
  • the coal so recovered has less than 6% ash, less than 1% sulfur and a btu content of about 14,000 per pound (3.26x 10 4 J/kg).
  • the economics of the process are such that refuse coal may be economically reclaimed to provide an excellent energy source.
  • a minor amount of water preferably in the form of steam.
  • the water added is preferably an amount equal to about 10-20 % by weight of the coal.
  • chlorine gas is added to the mixture.
  • the chlorine gas is not dissolved in water nor is pickle liquor added to the mixture.
  • the amount of water required is reduced.
  • the mixture after treatment with the chlorine gas is subjected to the separation step and thereafter to the neutralization step.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Verfahren zur Behandlung von Kohlestaub zur Entfernung von Schwefel, durch Zugabe von Beizflüssigkeit zur Kohle, nachfolgender Zugabe eines Gemischs aus Wasser mit hinzugefügtem Chlorgas zur Kohle, wobei die Beizflüssigkeits-und Chlorgasmenge zur Erzielung eines Gemischs mit einem pH-Wert von weniger als etwa 3 ausreicht, sowie physikalischer Abtrennung der Kohle von dem Gemisch.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das nach Entfernung der Kohle verbleibende Gemisch mit Kalk so neutralisiert wird, dass sich im wesentlichen aus anorgnischen Sulfaten bestehender Niederschlag bildet.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem man eine erhebliche Aschenmenge gleichzeitig mit der Abtrennung der Kohle vom Gemisch physikalisch von diesem Gemisch abtrennt.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, bei dem das nach Entfernung der Kohle und der Aschefraktionen verbleibende Gemisch mit Kalk so neutralisiert, dass sich ein im wesentlichen aus anorganischen Sulfaten bestehender Niederschlag bildet.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, bei dem man die Kohle und Asche unter Verwendung einer Wasserströmung vom Gemisch abtrennt.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 4, bei dem man den Niederschlag zur Behandlung von stehenden Gewässern verwendet.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem man als Kohle Abfallkohle verwendet.
8. Verfahren zur Entfernung von Asche und Schwefel aus schwefelhaltiger Kohle, durch Bildung eines KholelWasser-Gemischs aus Kohlestaub und einer kleinen Menge Wasser, Behandlung des Gemischs mit Chlorgas in einer zur Umwandlung des Schwefels in schwefelhaltige säure (n) ausreichenden Menge, physikalische Abtrennung von Asche und Kohle vom Gemisch, Behandlung des verbleibenden schwefelhaltige Säure(n) enthaltenden Gemischs mit Kalk, wobei der Schwefel in Form von Kalziumsalzen ausfällt, und physikalischer Abtrennung der Kalziumsalze.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, bei dem man als zu behandelnde Kohle Abfallkohle verwendet und die Kohle nach der Behandlung weniger als 6% Asche und weniger als etwa 1 % Schwefel enthält und einen Heizwert von 3,26x104 J/kg aufweist.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, bei dem die geringe Menge Wasser 10 bis 20 Gew.-% der Kohle ausmacht.
EP19810301043 1981-03-12 1981-03-12 Verfahren zum Entfernen von Schwefel und Asche aus Kohle Expired EP0060354B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8181301043T DE3171535D1 (en) 1981-03-12 1981-03-12 Method of treating coal to remove sulphur and ash
EP19810301043 EP0060354B1 (de) 1981-03-12 1981-03-12 Verfahren zum Entfernen von Schwefel und Asche aus Kohle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19810301043 EP0060354B1 (de) 1981-03-12 1981-03-12 Verfahren zum Entfernen von Schwefel und Asche aus Kohle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0060354A1 EP0060354A1 (de) 1982-09-22
EP0060354B1 true EP0060354B1 (de) 1985-07-31

Family

ID=8188236

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810301043 Expired EP0060354B1 (de) 1981-03-12 1981-03-12 Verfahren zum Entfernen von Schwefel und Asche aus Kohle

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0060354B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3171535D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8439989B2 (en) * 2000-06-26 2013-05-14 ADA-ES, Inc. Additives for mercury oxidation in coal-fired power plants
US6729248B2 (en) 2000-06-26 2004-05-04 Ada Environmental Solutions, Llc Low sulfur coal additive for improved furnace operation
CN101497464B (zh) * 2009-01-19 2011-01-05 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 一种处理酸洗废液或电镀废液的方法
CN102295969B (zh) * 2011-07-27 2013-09-18 北京科技大学 一种除去率高、用时少的同时脱除高硫煤中硫和砷的方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE670964C (de) * 1933-09-15 1939-01-28 Erdoel Akt Ges Deutsche Verfahren zum Entaschen von Koks mineralischer Kohlen
US3998604A (en) * 1974-09-23 1976-12-21 International Oils Exploration N.L. Demineralization of brown coal
GB1454933A (en) * 1974-10-12 1976-11-10 Tioxide Group Ltd Process for the treatment of acidic waste liquid containing dissolved salts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3171535D1 (en) 1985-09-05
EP0060354A1 (de) 1982-09-22

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