EP0054199B1 - Elément de construction préfabriqué - Google Patents

Elément de construction préfabriqué Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0054199B1
EP0054199B1 EP81109829A EP81109829A EP0054199B1 EP 0054199 B1 EP0054199 B1 EP 0054199B1 EP 81109829 A EP81109829 A EP 81109829A EP 81109829 A EP81109829 A EP 81109829A EP 0054199 B1 EP0054199 B1 EP 0054199B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fact
construction element
ribs
element according
insulating material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81109829A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0054199A1 (fr
Inventor
Khosrow Shamszadeh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nadalaan SA
Original Assignee
Nadalaan SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nadalaan SA filed Critical Nadalaan SA
Publication of EP0054199A1 publication Critical patent/EP0054199A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0054199B1 publication Critical patent/EP0054199B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E04B5/40—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element with metal form-slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • E04C2/18—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like with binding wires, reinforcing bars, or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
    • Y10T428/24999—Inorganic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multipurpose prefabricated construction element, which can be used for the realization of any construction work such as wall, insulating panel for industrial cladding, exterior insulation panel on existing works, roofing support , load-bearing floor, collaborating metal floor, etc. more particularly, this invention relates to a prefabricated construction element comprising a rigid reinforcement constituted by a metal core formed by a single ribbed profile which is transversely continuous and at least partially embedded in an insulating material, each of the faces of the construction element being at least partly formed by the insulating material.
  • Multipurpose insulating panels for construction are already known, which generally consist of two facings between which an insulating material is incorporated.
  • these panels have drawbacks, among which one can note on the one hand the fact that their versatile character is very limited because of the necessary presence of the two external facings, which can further constitute a double disadvantage from an aesthetic point of view. and from an economic point of view, and further by the fact that thermal bridges can be created during the installation of these panels, which significantly reduces their insulation characteristics.
  • the panels of the aforementioned type can also include a rigid reinforcement, for example in ribbed sheet metal, which is completely embedded in the insulating material, as described in patents FR-A-2,316,402 and FR-A-2,032,979.
  • the frame is therefore not accessible from the outside, which is inconvenient for certain applications and reduces the versatility of these panels.
  • a simplified embodiment of the above type of panel has been disclosed in patent GB-A-1,130,727, in which the frame is formed by vertical metal reinforcing plates arranged longitudinally parallel to each other. inside the insulating material, these plates being simply connected to each other by transverse metal wires.
  • the object of this invention to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks therefore consists of a prefabricated building element according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that at least on one side of the frame the tops of the ribs of the profiled carry connectors or transverse and / or longitudinal connecting elements and by the fact that at least one of the faces of the panel is formed partially by the insulating material on the one hand and partially by the tops of the ribs flush with said or emerging from said material insulating and by said connectors on the other hand.
  • the building element comprises a metal core forming a rigid frame and constituted by a ribbed profile 1 ( Figures 1 and 2) or by several ribbed profiles ( Figure 3).
  • a metal core forming a rigid frame and constituted by a ribbed profile 1 ( Figures 1 and 2) or by several ribbed profiles ( Figure 3).
  • These profiles can be made of rolled steel sheet, aluminum, lead, or any other appropriate metal alloy according to the intended use, and the parallel ribs have in section an approximately trapezoidal shape, the depth of these ribs being here. substantially equal to their width.
  • the rigid reinforcement ⁇ ⁇ serving as the core of the construction element can also be made of any other rigid material, such as wood, plastic, etc.
  • the characteristics of the metallic or non-metallic core will be chosen according to the inertia (1 / V) sought for each particular use.
  • the metallic core 1, 1 ′ is embedded in a synthetic insulating material 2, for example a rigid or flexible cellular foam, in particular made of polyurethane, agglomerated fibers or any other thermally and / or phonically insulating products.
  • This coating material is arranged on both sides of the metal core 1, 1 'so as to form at least partially the two faces of a panel.
  • These two faces 3 can be made entirely of said coating material 2 (FIGS. 1 and 3), or one of the faces 3 is entirely made of said material, the other face 4.4 ′ being only partially ( figure 2). In the latter case, in fact, the surface of the panel has portions 4 of coating material and portions formed by a part 4 ′ of the metal profile.
  • part of the longitudinal grooves of the profiles can be filled with an inexpensive filling material which is then drowned by the coating material.
  • the metal core 1, 1 ' can be provided with a protective coating or a coating intended to improve the adhesion with the coating material 2; it can also have perforations or bosses to mechanically reinforce the profile-coating bond.
  • the tops of the ribs of the profiles 1, 1 ′ can be connected together, on one side or on both sides, by spacers 5 arranged transversely and at a suitable distance from each other.
  • These transverse elements 5 can be constituted for example by metal strips fixed by welding or stapling, or by wooden slats, etc., and serve on the one hand to increase the rigidity of the element and thereby its property of bracing, and on the other hand of connectors useful for the handling of said element, the attachment of facing, the connection with the coating material, etc.
  • One of the essential advantages of the construction element according to the invention lies in the fact that one of its faces or its two faces can be provided with any type of coating, chosen according to the intended use.
  • the "hot” side of the panel can be coated with a so-called “vapor barrier” facing, for example in kraft paper, in aluminum, in aluminum foil, in the form of a film of polyvinyl chloride, of polyethene , etc.
  • a so-called “vapor barrier” facing for example in kraft paper, in aluminum, in aluminum foil, in the form of a film of polyvinyl chloride, of polyethene , etc.
  • the "cold" face it can also be provided, depending on the use for which the panel is intended, with a suitable decoration, finish and / or protective coating.
  • this element can find multiple uses in all fields and types of architecture.
  • the first use consists of cladding of the type known as crossed wefts and which is carried out by vertical stacking of the construction elements (P l , P 2 , P 3 , etc.), the ribs of the profiles being arranged horizontally, and by fixing on vertical posts 6.
  • each panel P l , P 2 , P 3 , etc. has a closing Z profile 7, for example made of galvanized sheet metal, one of the wings 7 'of which is fixed, by stapling, spot welding, etc., to the rib heads of the metallic core 1, the other wing 7 "serving as a bracket for the vertical post 6.
  • a caulking 8 is provided between the two end profiles 7, this caulking being produced for example by means of a flexible joint, rigid foam, glass wool bead, etc. ( Figure 6).
  • the intermediate fixings can be provided from the outside or from the inside, for example by means of self-tapping screws.
  • the head of the fasteners should be covered with an insulating plug, for example made of foam, in order to restore the continuity of the thermal insulation.
  • the construction element according to the invention used as a panel for cladding, presents, compared to known panels with double skin and core of insulating material, sandwich type, the advantage of being versatile and able to be adapted to all climatic, aesthetic conditions, etc.
  • the hot face of the element can be coated with a material chosen according to the destination of the internal wall of the construction and in particular according to aesthetic criteria.
  • the interior facing can therefore be flat, grained, striated, metallic in appearance or not, etc., unlike known panels where the interior facing must also serve as a stiffening reinforcement and, as appropriate, have ribs or reinforcements.
  • the exterior facing preferably waterproof, is also chosen according to the destination of the construction as well as according to economic, aesthetic, climatic, etc. imperatives.
  • a metal or plastic profile 10 is used as exterior facing and is fixed to the construction element according to the invention, for example by stapling onto the rib heads of the metallic core 1.
  • the external facing can also be fixed on the transverse spacers.
  • All exterior cladding products can be used, apart from metal profiles, for example asbestos-cement plates, plastic profile slate shingles, facade coatings, etc. It is also possible to provide external facings with elements of low inertia, which thus make it possible to significantly increase the possibilities of architectural creations.
  • such an embodiment allows a particular protection, for example acoustic, anti-shock, etc., in only certain places of the facade, and thus not affecting the entire structure.
  • Figures 7 and 8 illustrate the use of construction elements according to the invention as exterior insulation panels for existing works.
  • the building elements are therefore fixed to facades by means of secondary framework profiles 11 in the form of Z.
  • These supports 11 can be fixed by sealing by means of dowels, by nailing, screwing or stapling vertically or horizontally either a brick wall 12 or against a concrete wall 13 ( Figures 7 and 8).
  • the construction elements are assembled so that the ribs of the profile 1 are arranged horizontally, while in the second case, the ribs of the profile 1 are arranged vertically.
  • the fixing of the construction elements to the Z-shaped supports is carried out by nailing, screwing or stapling on the tops of the ribs of the profile 1.
  • the assembly of the construction elements with each other is carried out in the same manner as that described in reference to Figures 4 to 6 illustrating the use as industrial cladding.
  • the external face of the building elements may be provided for example with a mesh 14 intended to receive a cement coating 15 (FIG. 7) or else with a glass mat or other support product intended to receive a coating plastic 16.
  • the building element according to the invention does not itself have to have significant inertia other than that necessary to resist the loads climatic conditions of the site without significant arrow effect.
  • the presence of a frame even of low inertia (1 / V) is sufficient to give the insulating panel sufficient rigidity to be delivered to the site with large dimensions, and which nevertheless remains easy to handle. This is an important advantage compared to the other products currently used for the external insulation of existing works which generally have to be delivered in the form of small plates, which disadvantageously increases the number of joints required.
  • the construction elements according to the invention can also be fixed as insulation, for example by nailing or stapling, inside or outside of an existing cladding.
  • the construction element according to the invention can also be used for the production of load-bearing floors and floors of the so-called collaborating type.
  • the insulating elements are assembled and arranged on horizontal supports, in order to constitute a surface intended to receive either a floor for example of wood, or a screed, for example in the form of a slab of concrete.
  • a floor for example of wood, or a screed for example in the form of a slab of concrete.
  • the possible installation of a false ceiling is also made possible in particular by the presence of transverse spacers.
  • Figures 9 to 11 illustrate three variants of the construction element according to the invention suitable for the production of a collaborating floor.
  • the building element serves as both an insulating support structure and formwork for the concrete slab 17.
  • the former is preferably provided with spacers as previously described with reference to Figures 1 to 3, which can be transverse ( Figure 9) or longitudinal ( Figures 10 and 11), and which thus serve as anchors in addition to their stiffening function.
  • transverse connectors it is possible, for example, to use metal strips 18 connecting the tops of the ribs of the profile 1, these strips having hooking portions 18 ′ across the longitudinal grooves of the profile 1 (FIG. 9).
  • the longitudinal connectors can be constituted by metal blades 19 arranged longitudinally on the lateral edges of the tops of the ribs of the profile 1, so that a portion of these blades projects above the longitudinal grooves of the profile 1, these protruding portions being preferably wavy in order to constitute better means of fixing the concrete (figure 10).
  • the longitudinal connectors can also consist of metal rods 20, preferably twisted and arranged longitudinally on the tops of the ribs of the profile 1, on the side intended to receive the concrete (FIG. 11).
  • the insulating material 2 may not completely fill the longitudinal grooves of the profile, the space 21 between the bottom of the grooves and the insulating material 2 may be empty or filled with a cheap filling material.
  • the filling height (h) by means of the insulating synthetic material 2 of the longitudinal grooves of the profile 1 on the side intended to receive the concrete. and thus serve as a formwork for it, can be adjusted so that the neutral axis of the finished floor (insulating element + concrete) is located approximately at the level of the upper connectors.
  • the building element according to the invention has as a formwork a variable geometry which can be chosen according to the other conditions of the construction and the aim sought.
  • the building element according to the invention is also capable of being used for the production of insulated load-bearing walls, for example noise barriers, fence, pool walls, walls of atomic shelters, etc.
  • the load-bearing wall can be produced by assembling the construction elements themselves serving as braces and their lower end being able to be fixed at the bottom by simple sealing in the concrete of the slab.
  • the elements are in this case provided if desired with external and internal facings according to the destination of the work carried out.
  • the assembly of the construction elements can be used, as described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11 for the production of a collaborating floor, as a lost formwork for the construction of a concrete load-bearing wall, and as insulating cover support plate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP81109829A 1980-12-12 1981-11-23 Elément de construction préfabriqué Expired EP0054199B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH9178/80 1980-12-12
CH917880A CH641227A5 (fr) 1980-12-12 1980-12-12 Panneau de construction isolant.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0054199A1 EP0054199A1 (fr) 1982-06-23
EP0054199B1 true EP0054199B1 (fr) 1986-01-15

Family

ID=4349172

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81109829A Expired EP0054199B1 (fr) 1980-12-12 1981-11-23 Elément de construction préfabriqué

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4517782A (zh)
EP (1) EP0054199B1 (zh)
CA (1) CA1206720A (zh)
CH (1) CH641227A5 (zh)
DE (1) DE3173536D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES507725A0 (zh)
FR (1) FR2496147A1 (zh)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8300368A1 (es) 1982-11-01
CH641227A5 (fr) 1984-02-15
FR2496147A1 (fr) 1982-06-18
FR2496147B1 (zh) 1984-09-28
US4517782A (en) 1985-05-21
CA1206720A (fr) 1986-07-02
DE3173536D1 (en) 1986-02-27
EP0054199A1 (fr) 1982-06-23
ES507725A0 (es) 1982-11-01

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