EP0052845B1 - Stretching in water - Google Patents
Stretching in water Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0052845B1 EP0052845B1 EP81109691A EP81109691A EP0052845B1 EP 0052845 B1 EP0052845 B1 EP 0052845B1 EP 81109691 A EP81109691 A EP 81109691A EP 81109691 A EP81109691 A EP 81109691A EP 0052845 B1 EP0052845 B1 EP 0052845B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stretching
- predrawing
- temperature
- water
- main drawing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 6
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ACNUVXZPCIABEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3',6'-diaminospiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(N)C=C1OC1=CC(N)=CC=C21 ACNUVXZPCIABEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/28—Stretching filaments in gas or steam
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for stretching fiber cables made of polyester with a pre-stretching and a main stretching at a predetermined value for the total stretching ratio.
- a very similar method for preheating cables made of polyester threads is known from DE-AS 2149793.
- the cables are then passed through an immersion bath at 40-65 ° e while circulating the penultimate roller of the infeed roller mill.
- the purpose is to heat the cable evenly. Even after this publication, the cable therefore always remains at an elevated temperature from the water bath until it is stretched.
- the fiber cables obtained according to this state of the art, or the staple fibers obtained from them do not yet meet the requirements placed on them in every respect, in particular not with regard to the uniformity of the dyeability.
- the object of the invention is therefore to achieve a further improvement in the uniformity of the stretching of fiber cables, which is expressed in a significant reduction in the number of dyeing errors.
- the stretching ratio, stretching temperature and stretching medium should remain freely selectable.
- the method according to the invention achieves this object in that pre-stretching in water takes place at 71-90 ° C., that the stretching ratio in the pre-stretching is chosen between 1: 1.05 and 1: 1.6 so that the main stretching takes place at a minimum of Stretching tension occurs and that the fiber cables between the preliminary and main stretching cool again to below 40 ° C.
- the draw ratio in the pre-draw zone is preferably below 1: 1.4, very particularly preferably in the range from 1: 1.1 and 1: 1.3.
- Fiber cables are endless structures made up of a large number of filaments and by combining the filaments of several spinnerets.
- the fiber cables have titers of up to 1 million dtex and more. After the common treatment of all filaments, they are usually cut into staple fibers, which in turn are further processed into spun fiber yarns
- the fiber cables used in the process according to the invention consist of polyester, i.e. from linear high polymers and at least 85% repeating units from terephthalic acid and a dihydric alcohol The remaining 15% of the repeating units of the polymer can be formed by comonomers in both the dicarboxylic acid and the glycol components.
- the pre-stretching is an orienting stretching, that is to say one which is accompanied by an increase in the birefringence, but is not yet associated with the formation of a stretching point.
- a stretch point is understood to mean the suddenly and clearly visible change in diameter (“bottle neck”) of polyester filaments with little orientation during stretching.
- the birefringence of the spun fabric only increases with a pre-stretching ratio of 1: 1.05.
- the preliminary stretching is carried out in water.
- Water means both pure water and aqueous solutions or emulsions e.g. the usual textile auxiliaries, finishing agents or preparations.
- the water has a temperature of 71-90 ° C. If the temperature is outside these limits, the number of staining errors increases significantly.
- the preliminary drawing in water at 71-90 ° C. is carried out with a drawing ratio such that the drawing tension required in the main drawing reaches a minimum. This results in pre-drawing ratios between 1: 1.05 and 1: 1.6. A deviation from these drawing ratios in the pre-drawing zone leads to a deterioration in the uniformity of dyeing.
- the main stretching is carried out as usual, for example in steam or in hot water. The best results are obtained if you do the main stretching in hot water.
- the main stretch is also an orienting stretch. In contrast to the pre-stretching, it is with Stretch point formation connected.
- the main stretching can also take place in two stages or be followed by the different fixing processes, the advantage of the method according to the invention is retained.
- the preliminary drawing is carried out in such a way that the required drawing tension in the main drawing takes a minimum.
- the minimum of the stretching tension in the main stretching zone is determined by varying the pre-stretching ratio.
- the yield stress is the quotient of the tensile force of the fiber cable, which can be measured with a commercially available tensile force meter (e.g. from Schmidt, Waldkraiburg), and the final titer of the stretched fiber cable.
- the final titer of the stretched fiber cable is the product of the spinning titer used with the total stretch ratio used.
- the fiber cables cool to below 40 ° C. between the preliminary and the main drawing. This does not necessarily require active, additional cooling, but can be achieved by routing the fiber cables around unheated rollers. Since several cables are always used in fiber cables due to the large forces that occur, e.g. Roller septets, the fiber cables then assume almost room temperature on their own, provided that there is no additional heating. However, cooling the rolls with water is advantageous.
- the number of staining errors is determined from staining with rhodamine:
- the colored cable tape is then rinsed under running tap water until the water no longer shows a red color.
- the cable tape is washed out for at least 15 minutes in a solution of 0.5 g / l of an alkylaryl polyglycol ether (emulsifier O Hostapal CV from Hoechst AG) for about 75-80 ° with frequent stirring and rinsed again with running tap water until no more foam is visible .
- an alkylaryl polyglycol ether emulsifier O Hostapal CV from Hoechst AG
- the counting of undrawn capillaries or gluing to rhodamine-colored cable ties is carried out in a dark room under UV light. Undrawn capillaries shine bright to dark red.
- a polyethylene terephthalate fiber cable made of 446080 filaments with a single titer of the stretched fiber of 1.7 dtex was stretched in two stages between roller septets.
- the width of the fiber cable was about 30 cm.
- the first septet ran at a peripheral speed of 43 m / min at room temperature. Between the first and second septet there was a water bath at 79 ° C and 3.20 m in length. The speeds of the 2nd septet are shown in Table 1, the temperature of the rolls of the 2nd septet was 14 ° C. The pre-stretching ratio VV results from the speeds of the first and second septet. From the 2nd septet the fiber cable ran through a 2nd drawing bath of 3.60 m in length and a temperature of 79 ° C to a 3rd septet which with a peripheral speed of the rollers of 118 m / min at a temperature of the rollers of 185 ° C ran. The total draw ratio GV was 2.7. A fourth septet with a temperature of 140 ° C and a peripheral speed of 116 m / min followed.
- the table also shows the properties of the fibers obtained and the measured values of the drawing tension in the pre-drawing W and in the main drawing HV and the number of dyeing errors per 20 g of staple fibers.
- Table 1 shows how the minimum number of dyeing errors per 20 g of fibers is achieved with the minimum of the stretching tension in the main drawing.
- Example 1 was repeated at a constant speed of 51.6 m / min of the 2nd septet, that is to say a pre-stretching ratio of 1: 1.2, as had been found to be ideal according to Example 1. This time, however, the temperature of the 1st bath was varied.
- Table 2 shows how the number of rhodamine events (staining error initially decreases with increasing water temperature up to 80 ° C, but then rises again with increasing water temperature.
- Fig. 4 shows this graphically.
- the 1st septet ran at a circumferential speed of 48 m / min at room temperature.
- the first water bath had a temperature of 80 ° C.
- the second septet each had a peripheral speed of 57.6 m / min, which results in a pre-stretching ratio of 1: 1.2, the godet temperature was varied.
- the second water bath was 80 ° C.
- the third septet had a temperature of 179 ° C, the fourth septet 135 ° C.
- Table 3 shows how, under largely constant drawing conditions, the number of dyeing errors increases sharply if the fiber cable cannot cool down before reaching the second water bath, but is kept at 70 ° C or 80 ° C by heated godets. With this mode of operation, the total draw ratio even had to be reduced, since a large number of torn filaments led to winding on the 3rd septet.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verstrecken von Faserkabeln aus Polyester mit einer Vorverstreckung und einer Hauptverstreckung bei einem vorgegebenen Wert für das Gesamtverstreckverhältnis.The invention relates to a method for stretching fiber cables made of polyester with a pre-stretching and a main stretching at a predetermined value for the total stretching ratio.
Bei der Verstreckung synthetischer Fäden muss auf eine gleichmässige Verstreckung aller Filamente untereinander und auch auf die Gleichmässigkeit über die Länge jedes Filaments geachtet werden, da sich Abweichungen in der Verstreckung beim Färben als deutlich unterschiedlich anfärbende Stellen abheben. Diese Forderung ist besonders schwierig beim Verstrecken sogenannter Faserkabel zu erfüllen, also Filamentscharen von vielen Tausend Filamenten, die später zu Stapelfasern verarbeitet werden. Besonders gleichmässig verstreckte und damit gleichmässig anfärbende Fasern ergibt dabei das Verfahren nach der DE-AS 1 193198, nach welchem Polyesterkabel bei konstanter Länge zwischen den Einlaufwalzen im 40-70°C heissen Wasserbad vorgewärmt, dann unter Aufrechterhaltung dieser Temperatur in ein zweites, auf 60-100°C gehaltenes Bad geleitet und dort verstreckt werden, wobei die Temperatur jeweils um zumindest 10°C über der Temperatur des ersten Bades gehalten wird.When stretching synthetic threads, care must be taken to ensure that all the filaments are stretched evenly with one another and also to be uniform over the length of each filament, since deviations in the stretching during dyeing stand out as distinctly different spots. This requirement is particularly difficult to meet when stretching so-called fiber cables, i.e. filament bundles of many thousands of filaments that are later processed into staple fibers. The method according to DE-AS 1 193198, according to which polyester cable with a constant length between the inlet rollers is preheated in a 40-70 ° C hot water bath, then results in particularly uniformly stretched and thus uniformly dying fibers, then maintaining this temperature in a second, to 60 -100 ° C held bath and stretched there, the temperature being kept at least 10 ° C above the temperature of the first bath.
Ein recht ähnliches Verfahren zum Vorwärmen von Kabeln aus Polyesterfäden ist aus der DE-AS 2149793 bekannt. Danach werden die Kabel beim Umlaufen der vorletzten Walze des Einlaufwalzenwerkes durch ein auf 40-65°e heisses Tauchbad geleitet. Zweck ist das gleichmässige Durchwärmen des Kabels. Auch nach dieser Veröffentlichung bleibt das Kabel deshalb vom Wasserbad an bis zur Verstreckung stets bei erhöhter Temperatur.A very similar method for preheating cables made of polyester threads is known from DE-AS 2149793. The cables are then passed through an immersion bath at 40-65 ° e while circulating the penultimate roller of the infeed roller mill. The purpose is to heat the cable evenly. Even after this publication, the cable therefore always remains at an elevated temperature from the water bath until it is stretched.
Die nach diesem Stand der Technik erhaltenen Faserkabel, bzw. die daraus gewonnenen Stapelfasern entsprechen jedoch noch nicht in jeder Hinsicht den an sie gestellten Anforderungen, insbesondere nicht hinsichtlich der Gleichmässigkeit der Anfärbbarkeit.However, the fiber cables obtained according to this state of the art, or the staple fibers obtained from them, do not yet meet the requirements placed on them in every respect, in particular not with regard to the uniformity of the dyeability.
Die Erfindung hat sich daher die Aufgabe gestellt, eine weitere Verbesserung der Gleichmässigkeit der Verstreckung von Faserkabeln zu erzielen, die sich in einer deutlichen Senkung der Zahl der Färbefehler ausdrückt. Dabei sollen jedoch Verstreckverhältnis, Verstrecktemperatur und Verstreckmedium frei wählbar bleiben.The object of the invention is therefore to achieve a further improvement in the uniformity of the stretching of fiber cables, which is expressed in a significant reduction in the number of dyeing errors. However, the stretching ratio, stretching temperature and stretching medium should remain freely selectable.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren löst diese Aufgabe dadurch, dass eine Vorverstreckung in Wasser bei 71-90°C stattfindet, dass das Verstreckverhältnis in der Vorverstreckung zwischen 1:1,05 und 1:1,6 so gewählt wird, dass die Hauptverstreckung bei einem Minimum der Verstreckspannung erfolgt, und dass die Faserkabel zwischen Vor- und Hauptverstreckung wieder auf unter 40°C abkühlen.The method according to the invention achieves this object in that pre-stretching in water takes place at 71-90 ° C., that the stretching ratio in the pre-stretching is chosen between 1: 1.05 and 1: 1.6 so that the main stretching takes place at a minimum of Stretching tension occurs and that the fiber cables between the preliminary and main stretching cool again to below 40 ° C.
Bevorzugt liegt das Verstreckverhältnis in der Vorverstreckzone unter 1:1,4 ganz besonders bevorzugt im Bereich von 1:1,1 und 1:1,3.The draw ratio in the pre-draw zone is preferably below 1: 1.4, very particularly preferably in the range from 1: 1.1 and 1: 1.3.
Faserkabel sind endlose Gebilde aus einer grossen Zahl von Filamenten und durch Zusammenfassen der Filamente mehrerer Spinndüsen entstanden. Die Faserkabel haben Titer von bis zu 1 Million dtex und auch mehr. Sie werden nach der gemeinsamen Behandlung aller Filamente meist zu Stapelfasern zerschnitten, die ihrerseits zu Spinnfasergarnen weiterverarbeitet werdenFiber cables are endless structures made up of a large number of filaments and by combining the filaments of several spinnerets. The fiber cables have titers of up to 1 million dtex and more. After the common treatment of all filaments, they are usually cut into staple fibers, which in turn are further processed into spun fiber yarns
Die nach dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren eingesetzten Faserkabel bestehen aus Polyester, d.h. aus linearen Hochpolymeren und mindestens 85% wiederkehrenden Einheiten aus Terephthalsäure und einem zweiwertigen Alkohol Die restlichen 15% der wiederkehrenden Einheiten des Polymeren können von Comonomeren sowohl in der Dicarbonsäure- als auch in der Glykolkomponenten gebildet werden.The fiber cables used in the process according to the invention consist of polyester, i.e. from linear high polymers and at least 85% repeating units from terephthalic acid and a dihydric alcohol The remaining 15% of the repeating units of the polymer can be formed by comonomers in both the dicarboxylic acid and the glycol components.
Bei der Vorverstreckung handelt es sich um eine oritentierende Verstreckung, also bereits eine solche, mit der eine Zunahme der Doppelbrechung einhergeht, jedoch ist sie noch nicht mit einer Streckpunktbildung verbunden. Unter einem Streckpunkt versteht man dabei die plötzlich und gut sichtbare Durchmesserveränderung («Flaschenhals») von Polyesterfilamenten geringer Orientierung beim Verstrecken. Eine Zunahme der Doppelbrechung der Spinnware erfolgt erst bei einem Vorverstreckverhältnis von 1:1,05.The pre-stretching is an orienting stretching, that is to say one which is accompanied by an increase in the birefringence, but is not yet associated with the formation of a stretching point. A stretch point is understood to mean the suddenly and clearly visible change in diameter (“bottle neck”) of polyester filaments with little orientation during stretching. The birefringence of the spun fabric only increases with a pre-stretching ratio of 1: 1.05.
Erfindungsgemäss wird die Vorverstreckung in Wasser vorgenommen. Wasser bedeutet dabei sowohl reines Wasser, als auch wässrige Lösungen oder Emulsionen z.B. der üblichen Textilhilfsmittel, Avivagen oder Präparationen.According to the invention, the preliminary stretching is carried out in water. Water means both pure water and aqueous solutions or emulsions e.g. the usual textile auxiliaries, finishing agents or preparations.
Das Wasser hat erfindungsgemäss eine Temperatur von 71-90°C. Wenn die Temperatur ausserhalb dieser Grenzen liegt, dann steigt die Zahl der Färbefehler stark an.According to the invention, the water has a temperature of 71-90 ° C. If the temperature is outside these limits, the number of staining errors increases significantly.
Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, dass eine Vorverstreckung in Heissdampf nicht die für die Erfindung charakteristische Minimierung der Verstreckspannung in der Hauptverstreckzone erbringt. Bei einer Zweistufenverstreckung mit Dampf kann zwar ebenfalls ein Minimum der Färbefehler erreicht werden, doch entsprechen diese Werte mit etwa 100 Färbefehlern je 20 g nur Fasern nach dem Stand der Technik.Surprisingly, it has been shown that pre-drawing in hot steam does not bring about the minimization of the drawing tension in the main drawing zone which is characteristic of the invention. A minimum of dyeing errors can also be achieved with two-stage drawing with steam, but these values correspond to only 100 fibers of the prior art, with about 100 dyeing errors per 20 g.
Die Vorverstreckung in Wasser bei 71-90°C wird mit einem solchen Verstreckverhältnis durchgeführt, dass die in der Hauptverstreckung erforderliche Streckspannung ein Minimum erreicht. Daraus ergeben sich Vorverstreckverhältnisse zwischen 1:1,05 und 1:1,6. Ein Abweichen von diesen Verstreckverhältnissen in der Vorverstreckzone führt zu einer Verschlechterung der Färbegleichmässigkeit.The preliminary drawing in water at 71-90 ° C. is carried out with a drawing ratio such that the drawing tension required in the main drawing reaches a minimum. This results in pre-drawing ratios between 1: 1.05 and 1: 1.6. A deviation from these drawing ratios in the pre-drawing zone leads to a deterioration in the uniformity of dyeing.
Die Hauptverstreckung wird wie üblich durchgeführt, also z.B. in Wasserdampf oder in heissem Wasser. Die besten Resultate ergeben sich, wenn man auch die Hauptverstreckung in heissem Wasser durchführt. Auch die Hauptverstrekkung ist eine orientierende Verstreckung. Im Gegensatz zur Vorverstreckung ist sie aber mit Streckpunktbildung verbunden.The main stretching is carried out as usual, for example in steam or in hot water. The best results are obtained if you do the main stretching in hot water. The main stretch is also an orienting stretch. In contrast to the pre-stretching, it is with Stretch point formation connected.
Die Hauptverstreckung kann auch zweistufig erfolgen oder von den unterschiedlichen Fixierprozessen gefolgt sein, der Vorteil des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens bleibt erhalten.The main stretching can also take place in two stages or be followed by the different fixing processes, the advantage of the method according to the invention is retained.
Die Vorverstreckung wird erfindungsgemäss so ausgeführt, dass die erforderliche Streckspannung in der Hauptverstreckung ein Minimum einnimmt.According to the invention, the preliminary drawing is carried out in such a way that the required drawing tension in the main drawing takes a minimum.
Das Minimum der Streckspannung in der Hauptverstreckzone ermittelt man durch Variieren des Vorverstreckverhältnisses. Die Streckspannung ist der Quotient aus der Zugkraft des Faserkabels, die mit einem handelsüblichen Zugkraftmesser (z.B. Fa. Schmidt, Waldkraiburg) gemessen werden kann, und dem Endtiter des verstreckten Faserkabels. Der Endtiter des verstreckten Faserkabels ergibt sich dabei als Produkt des eingesetzten Spinntiters mit dem angewendeten Gesamtverstreckverhältnis.The minimum of the stretching tension in the main stretching zone is determined by varying the pre-stretching ratio. The yield stress is the quotient of the tensile force of the fiber cable, which can be measured with a commercially available tensile force meter (e.g. from Schmidt, Waldkraiburg), and the final titer of the stretched fiber cable. The final titer of the stretched fiber cable is the product of the spinning titer used with the total stretch ratio used.
Die besten Ergebnisse werden erzielt, wenn die Vorverstreckung so ausgeführt wird, dass die Hauptverstreckung tatsächlich bei dem Minimum der Streckverspannung vonstatten geht. Jedoch können von diesen Werten der Streckspannung in der Hauptverstreckung um bis zu 10% des Minimalwertes überschritten werden, ohne dass die Zahl der Färbefehler bereits nicht mehr akzeptabel wäre.The best results are obtained if the pre-stretching is carried out in such a way that the main stretching actually takes place at the minimum of the stretching tension. However, these values of the yield stress in the main drawing can be exceeded by up to 10% of the minimum value without the number of dyeing errors being no longer acceptable.
Nach der Erfindung ist es ferner wichtig, dass die Faserkabel zwischen der Vor- und der Hauptverstreckung auf unter 40°C abkühlen. Dazu ist nicht unbedingt aktive, zusätzliche Kühlung erforderlich, sondern man kann dies durch Führen der Faserkabel um unbeheizte Walzen erreichen. Da bei Faserkabeln wegen der grossen auftretenden Kräfte stets mehrerer Walzen benützt werden, z.B. Walzenseptette, nehmen die Faserkabel darauf von allein annähernd Zimmertemperatur an, sofern nur nicht zusätzlich beheizt wird. Vorteilhaft ist allerdings Kühlung der Walzen mit Wasser.According to the invention, it is also important that the fiber cables cool to below 40 ° C. between the preliminary and the main drawing. This does not necessarily require active, additional cooling, but can be achieved by routing the fiber cables around unheated rollers. Since several cables are always used in fiber cables due to the large forces that occur, e.g. Roller septets, the fiber cables then assume almost room temperature on their own, provided that there is no additional heating. However, cooling the rolls with water is advantageous.
Wenn man den Faserkabeln nicht Gelegenheit gibt, nach der Vorverstreckung bei 71-90°C abzukühlen, verschlechtern sich die Werte der Färbegleichmässigkeit deutlich, wie Beispiel 3 zeigt.If the fiber cables are not given the opportunity to cool at 71-90 ° C. after the preliminary stretching, the values of the dye uniformity deteriorate significantly, as example 3 shows.
Die Zahl der Färbefehler wird aus einer Anfärbung mit Rhodamin ermittelt:The number of staining errors is determined from staining with rhodamine:
3,5 g des Farbstoffs Basic Violet 10 (Color Index No. 45 170, revised third edition 1975; ORhodamin B der BASF AG) werden in 5 Liter destilliertem Wasser bei Zimmertemperatur gelöst, dann eine Emulsion von 30 ml o-Kresol (= Carrier) und 10 ml Alkylarylpolyglykolethersulfat (= Emulgator, eHostapal BV der Hoechst AG) zugegeben und gut gemischt.3.5 g of the dye Basic Violet 10 (Color Index No. 45 170, revised third edition 1975; O Rhodamin B from BASF AG) are dissolved in 5 liters of distilled water at room temperature, then an emulsion of 30 ml o-cresol (= Carrier) and 10 ml of alkylaryl polyglycol ether sulfate (= emulsifier, e Hostapal BV from Hoechst AG) added and mixed well.
Daraufhin wird in einem 2 I Becherglas 1 I dieser Farbflotte zum Kochen erhitzt und etwa 1 m des zu prüfenden gekräuselten Kabelbandes 3 Minuten in die kochende Flotte gegeben.Then 1 l of this color liquor is heated to a boil in a 2 l beaker and about 1 m of the crimped cable tape to be tested is added to the boiling liquor for 3 minutes.
Das so gefärbte Kabelband wird dann unter fliessendem Leitungswasser gespült, bis das Wasser keine Rotfärbung mehr zeigt.The colored cable tape is then rinsed under running tap water until the water no longer shows a red color.
Anschliessend wird das Kabelband mindestens 15 Minuten in einer Lösung von 0,5 g/I eines Alkylarylpolyglykolethers (Emulgator OHostapal CV der Hoechst AG) etwa 75-80° unter öfterem Rühren ausgewaschen und nochmals mit fliessendem Leitungswasser gespült, bis kein Schaum mehr sichtbar ist.Subsequently, the cable tape is washed out for at least 15 minutes in a solution of 0.5 g / l of an alkylaryl polyglycol ether (emulsifier O Hostapal CV from Hoechst AG) for about 75-80 ° with frequent stirring and rinsed again with running tap water until no more foam is visible .
Nach Tauchen des Kabelbades in destilliertem Wasser wird gut abgeschleudert und kurz an der Luft getrocknet.After immersing the cable bath in distilled water, it is centrifuged well and briefly air-dried.
Die Auszählung von unverstreckten Kapillaren bzw. Verklebungen an rhodamingefärbten Kabelbändern wird in einem dunklen Raum unter UV-Licht durchgeführt. Unverstreckte Kapillaren leuchten dabei hell- bis dunkelrot.The counting of undrawn capillaries or gluing to rhodamine-colored cable ties is carried out in a dark room under UV light. Undrawn capillaries shine bright to dark red.
Umfangreiche Messungen und Versuche haben gezeigt, dass die Mehrzahl der handelsüblichen Fasern aus Polyäthylenterephthalat zwischen 100 und 1000 Färbefehlern je 20 g Faser aufweisen. Diese Zahlen können bei sonst unverändertem Verfahren durch die erfindungsgemässe Vorverstreckung auf 5 bis 50 Färbefehler je 20 g Fasern reduziert werden.Extensive measurements and tests have shown that the majority of commercially available polyethylene terephthalate fibers have between 100 and 1000 staining errors per 20 g of fiber. In the otherwise unchanged method, these numbers can be reduced to 5 to 50 dyeing errors per 20 g of fibers by the pre-stretching according to the invention.
Die folgenden Beispiele erläutern das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren.The following examples illustrate the process according to the invention.
Ein Polyethylenterphthalat-Faserkabel aus 446080 Filamenten mit einem Einzeltiter der verstreckten Faser von 1,7 dtex wurde zwischen Walzenseptetten zweistufig verstreckt. Die Breite des Faserkabels betrug dabei etwa 30 cm.A polyethylene terephthalate fiber cable made of 446080 filaments with a single titer of the stretched fiber of 1.7 dtex was stretched in two stages between roller septets. The width of the fiber cable was about 30 cm.
Das erste Septett lief mit einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von 43 m/min bei Zimmertemperatur. Zwischen erstem und zweitem Septett befand sich ein Wasserbad von 79°C und von 3,20 m Länge. Die Geschwindigkeiten des 2. Septetts sind in Tabelle 1 aufgeführt, die Temperatur der Walzen des 2. Septetts betrug 14°C. Aus den Geschwindigkeiten von erstem und zweiten Septett ergibt sich das Vorverstreckverhältnis VV. Vom 2. Septett lief das Faserkabel durch ein 2. Verstreckbad der Länge 3,60 m und einer Temperatur von 79°C zu einem 3. Septett, das mit einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Walzen von 118 m/min bei einer Temperatur der Walzen von 185°C lief. Es ergab sich ein Gesamtverstreckverhältnis GV von 2,7. Ein viertes Septett mit einer Temperatur von 140°C und einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von 116 m/min folgte.The first septet ran at a peripheral speed of 43 m / min at room temperature. Between the first and second septet there was a water bath at 79 ° C and 3.20 m in length. The speeds of the 2nd septet are shown in Table 1, the temperature of the rolls of the 2nd septet was 14 ° C. The pre-stretching ratio VV results from the speeds of the first and second septet. From the 2nd septet the fiber cable ran through a 2nd drawing bath of 3.60 m in length and a temperature of 79 ° C to a 3rd septet which with a peripheral speed of the rollers of 118 m / min at a temperature of the rollers of 185 ° C ran. The total draw ratio GV was 2.7. A fourth septet with a temperature of 140 ° C and a peripheral speed of 116 m / min followed.
In der Tabelle sind noch die Eigenschaften der erhaltenen Fasern sowie die gemessenen Werte der Streckverspannung in der Vorverstreckung W sowie in der Hauptverstreckung HV sowie die Zahl der Färbefehler pro 20 g Stapelfasern angegeben.
Die Tabelle 1 zeigt wie mit dem Minimum der Streckspannung in der Hauptverstreckung auch das Minimum der Zahl der Färbefehler pro 20 g Fasern erreicht wird.The table also shows the properties of the fibers obtained and the measured values of the drawing tension in the pre-drawing W and in the main drawing HV and the number of dyeing errors per 20 g of staple fibers.
Table 1 shows how the minimum number of dyeing errors per 20 g of fibers is achieved with the minimum of the stretching tension in the main drawing.
Fig. 1 zeigt den monotonen Anstieg der Streckspannung in der Vorverstreckzone VV mit zunehmender Vorverstreckung. Dieser Zusammenhang ist nicht überraschend. Umso überraschender ist aber der in Fig. 2 gezeigte Verlauf der Streckspannung in der Hauptverstreckzone als Funktion des Verstreckverhältnisses der Vorverstreckzone - bei konstanter Gesamtverstreckung.1 shows the monotonous increase in the stretching tension in the pre-stretching zone VV with increasing pre-stretching. This connection is not surprising. It is all the more surprising, however, that the course of the drawing tension in the main drawing zone shown in FIG. 2 as a function of the drawing ratio of the pre-drawing zone - with constant total drawing.
Ebenso überraschend ist das in Fig. 3 dargestellte Minimum der Rhodaminereignisse (Färbefehler) in Abhängigkeit vom Verstreckverhältnis in der Vorverstreckzone. Es liegt an derselben Stelle wie auch das Minimum der Streckspannung in der Hauptverstreckzone (Fig. 2).The minimum of the rhodamine events (staining errors) shown in FIG. 3 as a function of the stretching ratio in the pre-stretching zone is just as surprising. It is in the same place as the minimum of the stretching stress in the main stretching zone (Fig. 2).
Fig. 4 stellt die ausgeprägte Abhängigkeit der Zahl der Färbefehler n/20 g (Rhodaminereignisse) von der Temperatur des Vorverstreckbades dar. Diese Kurve zeigt, dass die Temperatur des Vorverstreckbades zwischen 71 und 90°C liegen muss, wenn Polyethylenterephthalat-Kabel verarbeitet werden (siehe Beispiel 2).4 shows the pronounced dependence of the number of dyeing errors n / 20 g (rhodamine events) on the temperature of the pre-stretching bath. This curve shows that the temperature of the pre-stretching bath must be between 71 and 90 ° C. when processing polyethylene terephthalate cables ( see example 2).
Beispiel 1 wurde wiederholt mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit von 51,6 m/min des 2. Septetts, also einem Vorverstreckverhältnis von 1:1,2, wie es sich nach Beispiel 1 als ideal herausgestellt hatte. Dabei wurde aber diesmal die Temperatur des 1. Bades variiert.Example 1 was repeated at a constant speed of 51.6 m / min of the 2nd septet, that is to say a pre-stretching ratio of 1: 1.2, as had been found to be ideal according to Example 1. This time, however, the temperature of the 1st bath was varied.
Die Ergebnisse gehen aus Tabelle 2 hervor.
Tabelle 2 zeigt, wie die Zahl der Rhodaminereignisse (Färbefehler bei steigender Wassertemperatur bis 80°C zunächst sinkt, dann aber mit weiter steigender Wassertemperatur wieder ansteigt. Die bereits erwähnte Fig. 4 stellt dies graphisch dar.The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 shows how the number of rhodamine events (staining error initially decreases with increasing water temperature up to 80 ° C, but then rises again with increasing water temperature. The already mentioned Fig. 4 shows this graphically.
Ein Polyethylenterephthalat-Kabel mit einem Gesamtverstrecktiter 800000 dtex, Einzeltiter 1,7 dtex wurde bei einer Belegungsdichte auf den Walzen von 26000 dtex/cm verstreckt. Das 1. Septett lief mit einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von 48 m/min bei Zimmertemperatur. Das 1. Wasserbad wies eine Temperatur von 80°C auf. Das 2. Septett hatte jeweils eine Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von 57,6 m/min, woraus sich ein Vorverstreckverhältnis von 1:1,2 ergibt, variiert wurde die Galettentemperatur.A polyethylene terephthalate cable with a total stretching titer of 800,000 dtex, single titer of 1.7 dtex was stretched at an occupancy of 26,000 dtex / cm on the rolls. The 1st septet ran at a circumferential speed of 48 m / min at room temperature. The first water bath had a temperature of 80 ° C. The second septet each had a peripheral speed of 57.6 m / min, which results in a pre-stretching ratio of 1: 1.2, the godet temperature was varied.
Das 2. Wasserbad hatte 80°C. Das 3. Septett hatte eine Temperatur von 179°C, das 4. Septett 135°C.The second water bath was 80 ° C. The third septet had a temperature of 179 ° C, the fourth septet 135 ° C.
Die weiteren Daten sind Tabelle 3 zu entnehmen.
Bei einer Galettentemperatur von 14°C sank dabei die Temperatur des Faserkabels von 70°C beim Einlauf in das 2. Septett bis auf 28°C auf der 6. Galette.Further data can be found in Table 3.
At a godet temperature of 14 ° C, the temperature of the fiber cable dropped from 70 ° C when entering the 2nd septet to 28 ° C on the 6th godet.
Tabelle 3 zeigt, wie bei weitgehend konstanten Verstreckbedingungen die Zahl der Färbefehler stark ansteigt, wenn das Faserkabel vor dem Erreichen des zweiten Wasserbades nicht abkühlen kann, sondern durch beheizte Galetten auf 70°C bzw. 80°C gehalten wird. Es musste bei dieser Fahrweise sogar das Gesamtverstreckverhältnis reduziert werden, da eine grosse Zahl gerissener Filamente zu Wickeln am 3. Septett führten.Table 3 shows how, under largely constant drawing conditions, the number of dyeing errors increases sharply if the fiber cable cannot cool down before reaching the second water bath, but is kept at 70 ° C or 80 ° C by heated godets. With this mode of operation, the total draw ratio even had to be reduced, since a large number of torn filaments led to winding on the 3rd septet.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT81109691T ATE5979T1 (en) | 1980-11-24 | 1981-11-14 | WATER STRETCH. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3044073 | 1980-11-24 | ||
| DE19803044073 DE3044073A1 (en) | 1980-11-24 | 1980-11-24 | WATER DISTRIBUTION |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0052845A1 EP0052845A1 (en) | 1982-06-02 |
| EP0052845B1 true EP0052845B1 (en) | 1984-01-25 |
Family
ID=6117356
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP81109691A Expired EP0052845B1 (en) | 1980-11-24 | 1981-11-14 | Stretching in water |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4418032A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0052845B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE5979T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3044073A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2163580T3 (en) * | 1995-05-08 | 2002-02-01 | Shell Int Research | PROCEDURE TO PREPARE POLI THREADS (TRIMETHYLENE TEREFTALATE). |
| US6203902B1 (en) * | 1998-03-31 | 2001-03-20 | Ube Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd. | Drawing method and drawn material |
| DE202007006816U1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-09-18 | Coroplast Fritz Müller Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hand tearable tissue tape |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2918346A (en) * | 1956-08-07 | 1959-12-22 | Du Pont | Process of orienting a dense tow of polymeric ester filaments by two step hot aqueous bath treatments |
| DE1660140A1 (en) * | 1965-01-29 | 1970-07-16 | Patentdienst Anstalt F | Process for the continuous drawing of endless, synthetic threads |
| GB1088015A (en) * | 1965-02-23 | 1967-10-18 | Monsanto Co | Polyester drawing process |
| JPS479226U (en) * | 1971-02-19 | 1972-10-04 | ||
| JPS4714055U (en) * | 1971-03-18 | 1972-10-19 | ||
| DE2149793B2 (en) * | 1971-10-06 | 1977-03-10 | Zimmer Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | PROCESS FOR STRETCHING A CABLE MADE OF POLYESTER FIBER |
-
1980
- 1980-11-24 DE DE19803044073 patent/DE3044073A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1981
- 1981-11-14 DE DE8181109691T patent/DE3162051D1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-14 EP EP81109691A patent/EP0052845B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-11-14 AT AT81109691T patent/ATE5979T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-11-19 US US06/322,730 patent/US4418032A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0052845A1 (en) | 1982-06-02 |
| DE3162051D1 (en) | 1984-03-01 |
| DE3044073A1 (en) | 1982-07-08 |
| ATE5979T1 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
| US4418032A (en) | 1983-11-29 |
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