EP0052202B1 - Druckhammerantrieb - Google Patents

Druckhammerantrieb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0052202B1
EP0052202B1 EP19810107583 EP81107583A EP0052202B1 EP 0052202 B1 EP0052202 B1 EP 0052202B1 EP 19810107583 EP19810107583 EP 19810107583 EP 81107583 A EP81107583 A EP 81107583A EP 0052202 B1 EP0052202 B1 EP 0052202B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
print hammer
print
leg
drive
arm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19810107583
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0052202A1 (de
Inventor
Edward Frank Helinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by International Business Machines Corp filed Critical International Business Machines Corp
Publication of EP0052202A1 publication Critical patent/EP0052202A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0052202B1 publication Critical patent/EP0052202B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J9/00—Hammer-impression mechanisms
    • B41J9/26—Means for operating hammers to effect impression
    • B41J9/36—Means for operating hammers to effect impression in which mechanical power is applied under electromagnetic control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J9/00—Hammer-impression mechanisms
    • B41J9/02—Hammers; Arrangements thereof
    • B41J9/127—Mounting of hammers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a print hammer drive of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a pressure hammer is described in US Pat. No. 4,189,997, in which a permanent magnet is embedded in a non-magnetic hammer head, which is arranged at the end of a spiral spring.
  • the Hammeikopf is held in a biased state by the magnetic interaction between the permanent magnet and a stationary electromagnet, the winding of which is generated to release the print hammer for pressure.
  • US Pat. No. 4,200043 describes a construction in which an electromagnet is embedded in the hammer head.
  • the hammer head is held in a biased position by a pair of permanent magnets with opposite polarization orientation.
  • the winding of the electromagnet is excited when the magnetic holding flux emanating from the permanent magnets is to be overcome.
  • the multi-hammer arrangement described in U.S. Patent No. 4,044,668 includes a magnetic circuit with an elongated permanent bar magnet that is magnetically coupled via a magnetic insert through the fixed end of resilient hammer elements.
  • a magnetizable plate is coupled to the permanent magnet and provides a common return path for the individual pole windings with effect on the bending end of the hammer elements.
  • the magnetic circuit uses blind end positions beyond the last hammer position to compensate for the decreasing field strength of the permanent magnet.
  • a front plate of a hammer housing made of magnetizable material forms a parallel magnetic flux path with the hammer elements in order to increase the flux density in the corresponding free part of the flexible elastic hammer elements to the pole pieces.
  • U.S. Patent 3,906,854 discloses a multi-spring hammer control mechanism that includes individual magnetic circuits in combination with a flux generating element.
  • Each magnetic circuit contains a hammer holding part and a control part, which each have a permanent magnet and are connected in parallel.
  • a control coil on the control part is energized to reverse the polarity of the control magnet, thus reducing the net value of the magnetic flux in the holding part of the circuit.
  • the coil is then excited in reverse when it is a matter of restoring the initial polarity of the permanent control magnet for holding the hammer element.
  • the desired print hammer drive should be very effective and simple, so that the power consumption is minimal and the manufacturing costs can be kept to a minimum without impairing performance and reliability.
  • print hammers lying next to each other should have common parts in a print hammer bank; however, the print hammer drives must be adjustable independently of one another in order to compensate for differences in the flight time of the individual hammers.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 contains a hammer bank with a plurality of pressure hammer drives (hereinafter referred to as hammer units for short).
  • Each hammer unit has a yoke with a base 10, an outer leg (outer pole piece) 11, an inner leg (inner pole piece) 12 and a carrier part 13.
  • the base 10, the pole pieces 11 and 12 and the carrier part can all consist of a block of magnetically permeable material or also be made and assembled separately (by gluing or other measures suitable for the arrangement shown).
  • the carrier part 13 can also consist of non-magnetic material.
  • the pole pieces 11 and 12 and the carrier part 13 are preferably designed as strips (strips) common to a plurality of hammer units lying next to one another.
  • Flexible hammer elements 14 are at one of their ends on the surface 15 of the support member 13 by suitable means such as. B. the clamping plate 16 and screws 17 attached. Its free end can move taking into account the elastic characteristics of the hammer elements (analogous to a leaf spring clamped on one side).
  • the individual print positions of the hammer units in the hammer bank are equidistant.
  • the surface 15 of the carrier part 13 is preferably bevelled so that the hammer elements 14 have an outwardly facing printing or working position when they are not bent, as shown in Fig. 3 by the dashed lines.
  • the hammer elements 14 are designed as integrated fingers of a plate, in which the fingers are shaped and formed in a manufacturing process.
  • the hammer elements 14 are normally held in the retracted spring-biased rest position (shown fully drawn in FIG. 3) by magnetic forces emanating from the two permanent magnets 20 and 21.
  • the permanent magnets 20 and 21 are arranged on the surfaces of the pole pieces 11 and 12.
  • the permanent magnets 20 and 21 are designed as elongated strips (strips) which, depending on the number of printing positions per hammer unit, cover a plurality of hammer positions lying next to one another. More than one magnetic stripe can be used for each pole piece that detects one or more hammer positions.
  • Suitable material for the strip magnets 20 and 21 may be one of a variety of magnetic materials with high magnetic energy, such as. B. Samarium Cobalt SmCo s with a thickness of about 0.06. 25.4 mm.
  • a plate 22 for directing and concentrating the magnetic flux can be made of thin soft iron, e.g. B. 0.02 - 25.4 mm thick, or another suitable magnetically permeable material on the outer magnet 20
  • the hammer elements 14 are preferably one-piece, made of a board magnetic flux conductive material fingers with a uniform thickness, which recihen from the fixed, attached to the support member 13 end over the permanent strip magnet 21 to the bottom edge of the strip magnet 20 with the plate 22. At their free (moving) end, the hammer elements 14 have a tapering part 26, the width of which is reduced by the taper 27 in comparison to the other width of the hammer elements.
  • the stop elements 28 made of non-magnetic material are attached to the part 26. The extent of the taper and the dimensions of the part 26 and the other dimensions of the hammer element 14 can change depending on the desired spring behavior and the magnetic permeability of the hammer elements relative to the magnetic strength of the permanent strip magnets 20 and 21.
  • the stop elements 28 can have different shapes, e.g. B. they can be designed for a punctiform impression as a small cylindrical element or in other printers as a so-called pressure cutter or pressure pad (narrow and wide).
  • the magnetic yoke also includes a central pole piece (central leg) 30 made of magnetically permeable (magnetic flux-conducting) material for each printing hammer, which is surrounded by an electrical coil 31 wound on a coil body 32.
  • the coils 31 can be connected to an external power source via pins 40 for excitation.
  • the center pole pieces 30 lying between the pole pieces 11 and 12 are aligned with one another in the print hammer bank. They start from the base 10 and, together with the outer and inner legs, form an E-shaped yoke.
  • the center pole pieces 30 end in the pole face 33, which is covered with a cap 34. The material of this cap is intended to prevent the armature from sticking magnetically due to residual magnetism.
  • the center pole pieces 30 extend beyond the elongated plane of the plate 22 and the inner permanent magnet 21, so that the surface 35 of the cap 34 contacts the parts 26 of the hammer elements 14 in their retracted position.
  • An air gap 36 is formed between the plate 22 and the part 26 and between the permanent magnet 21 and the hammer element 14.
  • the surface 35 of the stop cap 34 is rounded or convex, preferably partially spherical. This shape is primarily intended to ensure contact over a large contact area and to prevent hammer element 14 from striking the edges of the central pole piece. This also means that there are no uneven wear and tear would result if the hammer elements hit a position other than the central position of the pole piece 30.
  • the middle pole piece 30 is connected to the base 10 via a thread 37 so that it can be adjusted to adjust the air gap 36. This makes it easy to make adjustments to the flight time of the individual hammer elements 14 in order to compensate for the tolerances in the spring characteristics of the hammer elements 14.
  • the permanent magnets 20 and 21 are polarized in the same direction and arranged on the e-yoke and magnetically coupled to it.
  • the e-yoke consists of the base 10, the outer pole piece 11, the inner pole piece 12 and individual center pole pieces 30.
  • two magnetic holding circles for holding each hammer element 14 in the spring-biased position are formed.
  • the magnetic flux represented by the broken line 38 from the permanent magnet 20 runs through the outer pole piece 11 and the base 10 and returns through the middle pole piece 30 via the cap 34 into the outer end of the part 26 and over the gap 36 of the plate 22 back.
  • the magnetic flux represented by the broken line 39 runs from the permanent magnet 21 through the inner pole piece 12, the central pole piece 30 into the inner part of the print hammer arm end 26 and over the gap 36.
  • the center pole pieces 30 thus form a common return path for the holding flux of both permanent strip magnets 20 and 21.
  • the permanent strip magnets 20 and 21 can be made relatively thin. This achieves a compact magnetic structure.
  • the holding force on the hammer elements 14 in the hammer end position is significantly improved by the plate 22 compared to a magnetic structure without such a plate. In this way, an increased space and material requirement, as would be required with hammer blind positions, is avoided.
  • the selective release of the individual hammer elements takes place by simply energizing the desired coils 31 with a current which generates via the connection pins 40 to generate a magnetic counterflow whose strength is sufficient to reduce the magnetic holding force of both holding circles on the parts 26.
  • the common flux return path allows the release flow to be conveniently generated without having to worry about reversing the polarization of one or both of the permanent magnets.
  • These are preferably made of material with a very high coercive force. It is not necessary to derive the counterflow in order to avoid weakening or reversing the polarization of the permanent magnet.
  • the resilient hammer elements 14 can consist of non-magnetic material.
  • An armature 41 which conducts the magnetic flux is only attached to the free end of the elements 14 directly behind the stop element 28.
  • the hammer element 14 is chamfered 42 to reduce its thickness towards its free end. The chamfer significantly reduces the effective mass of the hammer elements 14 and somewhat compensates for the larger mass of the armature 41.
  • a suitable non-magnetic material for the hammer elements can be titanium.
  • a concentration of the magnetic flux through the plate 43 is provided, which overlaps both permanent magnets 20 and 21 and the carrier part 13, which preferably does not conduct the magnetic flux.
  • the plate 43 is fastened to the hammer elements 14 by means of the clamping plate 44 and screws 45.
  • the beveled surface 46 of the plate 43 causes the hammer elements 14 to protrude slightly to the outside in the non-prestressed state.
  • the plate 43 has a rectangular cutout 47 aligned with the Mettelpol publishede 33.
  • the anchors 41 on the hammer elements 14 run through this cutout 47 and touch the round pole face 48 of the center pole pieces 30, which in this case lies below the surface plane of the permanent magnets 20 and 21.
  • the armatures 41 are oriented in the retracted spring-loaded position of the hammer elements and in the released position on the permanent magnets 20 and 21. In the retracted position, the armatures 41 touch the pole face 48 of the center pole piece 30, but an air gap 29 between the free end of the hammer elements 14 and the plate 43 is maintained.
  • This structure allows rapid tripping because of the low mass when the trip coil 31 on the center pole piece 30 is energized to produce a magnetic flux in the common return path.
  • the flux from the permanent magnets 20 and 21 opposite mass of the armature 41 is as small as possible.
  • a low magnetic resistance flux path is provided from the permanent magnets 20 and 21 through the plate 43 and through the opening 47 to easily magnetize the armatures 41 to or near saturation level while storing sufficient energy in the resilient hammer arm 14.
  • Figures 7 to 9 show other arrangements for setting the flight time.
  • the adjustment of the air gap between the hammer elements and the permanent magnets is not desirable because it changes, if only slightly, the bending force and the trajectory length of the spring-loaded hammer elements.
  • the center pole piece 30 is fixed; its pole face 33 with the layer 49 preventing magnetic sticking of the armature by residual magnetism protrudes the plane of the plate 22 on the outer pole 11 and that of the inner permanent magnet 21.
  • a threaded bolt 50 which conducts the magnetic flux and has a threaded connection 52 to the base 10 forms a magnetic shunt circuit with the inner permanent magnet 21 and the inner pole piece 12 for deriving the magnetic holding flux from the permanent magnet 21 to the center pole piece 30.
  • the magnetic resistance of the shunt circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the threaded bolt 50 are varied by changing the air gap 53 between the end of the threaded bolt 50 and the magnetic flux-conducting hammer element.
  • the extent of the magnetic flux derived from the inner permanent magnet 21 to the threaded bolt 50 depends on the dimension of the air gap 53, which in turn regulates the size of the holding force of the inner permanent magnet 21 of the inner holding circuit, which is the inner permanent magnet 21, the inner pole piece 12, the center pole piece 30 and comprises the corresponding part of the free end of the hammer element 14.
  • the magnetic shunt circuit includes a soft iron plate 54 which lies over the inner permanent magnet 21 in such a way that a firm air gap is maintained between the inner holding circuit and the hammer element.
  • the soft iron plate 54 protrudes a little beyond the magnet 21.
  • the protruding piece is aligned with the end of the threaded bolt 50.
  • the threaded connection 52 allows adjustment of the threaded bolt 50 so that the shunt air gap 55 between the threaded bolt 50 and the soft iron plate 54 is changed. In this way, the magnetic resistance of the inner shunt circuit for deriving the magnetic flux from the inner holding circuit can be set and the total holding force for the individual hammer elements 14 can be reduced in this way.
  • the holding force is set via the shunt circuit running inside the inner pole 12.
  • a threaded bolt 50 which conducts the magnetic flux runs in a threaded opening 57 in the inner pole piece 12 and extends to its end.
  • a plate 56 which conducts the magnetic flux lies on the non-magnetic spacer 58 on the inner pole piece 12 under the permanent magnet 21.
  • the free distance region 59 (a hole) in the non-magnetic spacer 58 is aligned with the threaded bolt 50.
  • time settings can be made by adjusting the magnetic resistance of the inner holding circuit without changing the starting position of the individual hammers.
  • This starting position is determined by the middle pole piece.
  • the parts of the hammer element which conduct the magnetic flux in the vicinity of one or both permanent magnets work in the magnetic saturation range or in the vicinity thereof, so that the magnetic holding force of the non-released hammers does not change appreciably when adjacent hammer elements are released.

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  • Impact Printers (AREA)
EP19810107583 1980-11-17 1981-09-23 Druckhammerantrieb Expired EP0052202B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US20750380A 1980-11-17 1980-11-17
US207503 1980-11-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0052202A1 EP0052202A1 (de) 1982-05-26
EP0052202B1 true EP0052202B1 (de) 1984-07-25

Family

ID=22770853

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810107583 Expired EP0052202B1 (de) 1980-11-17 1981-09-23 Druckhammerantrieb

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0052202B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5784882A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU541518B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR8106998A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1181989A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3165084D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4509421A (en) * 1982-07-23 1985-04-09 Citizen Watch Company Limited Printer head for a dot line printer
DE3243477A1 (de) * 1982-11-22 1984-05-24 Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Nadeldruckkopf fuer matrixdrucker
US4524259A (en) * 1983-04-04 1985-06-18 Dataproducts Corporation Print hammer assembly method
US4503768A (en) * 1983-07-11 1985-03-12 Mannesmann Tally Corporation Single piece hammer module

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5623856Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1978-05-15 1981-06-04
JPS55103977A (en) * 1979-02-06 1980-08-08 Nec Corp Driving device for print pin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3165084D1 (en) 1984-08-30
AU541518B2 (en) 1985-01-10
AU7742581A (en) 1982-05-27
JPH0212193B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-03-19
EP0052202A1 (de) 1982-05-26
BR8106998A (pt) 1982-07-13
JPS5784882A (en) 1982-05-27
CA1181989A (en) 1985-02-05

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