EP0048641B1 - Means for protecting molten metal in a sliding gate - Google Patents

Means for protecting molten metal in a sliding gate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048641B1
EP0048641B1 EP81401315A EP81401315A EP0048641B1 EP 0048641 B1 EP0048641 B1 EP 0048641B1 EP 81401315 A EP81401315 A EP 81401315A EP 81401315 A EP81401315 A EP 81401315A EP 0048641 B1 EP0048641 B1 EP 0048641B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
nozzle
metal
supply means
distribution means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP81401315A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0048641A1 (en
EP0048641B2 (en
Inventor
Albert-Gilbert Goursat
Thierry Hersant
Jacques Nicolas
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority to AT81401315T priority Critical patent/ATE10915T1/en
Publication of EP0048641A1 publication Critical patent/EP0048641A1/en
Publication of EP0048641B1 publication Critical patent/EP0048641B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B22D41/42—Features relating to gas injection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the protection of the pouring jet of a molten metal contained in a container and passing through a plate shutter device comprising a fixed plate and a movable plate provided with at least one nozzle.
  • shutter devices control the opening and closing of the container, pocket or distributor tap hole, the nozzle being able to come into communication with said tap hole. They therefore make it possible to pour the molten metal, for example steel, into an ingot mold or the like.
  • the pouring of molten metal can be done directly from the relative in the ingot mold or, in the continuous casting box, from the ladle in a distributor and then in the ingot mold.
  • the two plates are made of a material resistant to high temperatures such as ceramic or impregnated or tarred alumina.
  • the movable plate can be sliding or rotary and be provided with a single nozzle or with several nozzles of different internal diameters. In the latter case, by changing the nozzle, it is possible to modify the casting speed as a function, for example, of the height of the metal in the container.
  • the two plates can be applied against each other by means of a spring system provided with a cooling circuit.
  • the currently known shutter devices have numerous passage locations for atmospheric air which is truly sucked in as a result of the depression caused by the flow of molten metal. These shutters increase the risk of occlusion of air bubbles in the metal during casting and therefore the risk of oxidation.
  • the places through which air penetrates to the metal are: the gap between the two opposite faces of the fixed and movable plates due to the play necessary for their relative movement; the connection zone between the nozzle (s) and the movable plate, in particular when the said nozzle (s) are removably mounted on the said plate; the outlet end of the nozzle; the connection between the fixed plate and the container as well as, in the case of nozzles permanently mounted on the movable plate, the connection between said nozzle and said plate, these connections being made by masonry using a cement screed inherently not gas tight and which becomes more and more porous due to the cracks which appear with use.
  • This device which is a shutter device of the type comprising a fixed plate and a sliding plate provided with a pouring nozzle, comprises a reservoir of neutral gas which surrounds the lower part of said nozzle.
  • the supply of neutral gas at the base of the pouring nozzle ensures the protection of the molten metal after it leaves said nozzle.
  • This device has the drawback of not ensuring the protection of the jet of molten metal during its passage through the plate closure member; thus, during this crossing, the metal jet is exposed to the oxidizing action of the air which infiltrates between the plates or between the nozzle and the movable plate.
  • the present invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks and proposes, for this purpose, a plate shutter device of the type comprising a fixed plate, a movable plate provided with a nozzle at least capable of coming into communication with the tap hole. , and gas supply and distribution means connected to a gas source that is practically inert with respect to the metal. It is characterized in that the abovementioned members comprise at least one circular groove hollowed out on at least one of the faces in mutual contact with the plates, these grooves surrounding, over their entire periphery, the orifices which pass through said plates.
  • the introduction into the shutter device of a gas which is practically inert via the metal, gas which is delivered by the gas source at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure , and the distribution of this gas around the metal as it passes through said device makes it possible to isolate it from the ambient air by a continuous gaseous protection barrier.
  • a continuous gaseous protection barrier prevents the passage of ambient air and therefore its oxidizing action.
  • this gas barrier being constituted by a gas that is practically inert with respect to the treated metal, that is to say devoid of chemical action on this metal, or at least of which the chemical action, if it exists , can be neglected, does not entail any risk of harming the quality of the final product.
  • the movable plate further comprises a channel communicating with the groove or grooves and opening into the junction zone between the movable plate and the nozzle.
  • the abovementioned supply and distribution members comprise a housing enveloping the shutter device and provided with at least one orifice for the evacuation of the gas and the passage of the jet. of casting.
  • the abovementioned supply and distribution members comprise an annular porous ring disposed in the vicinity of the outlet orifice of the nozzle and supplied with gas in the gas phase.
  • the aforementioned supply and distribution members comprise an annular collar disposed in the vicinity of the outlet orifice of the nozzle and supplied with gas in the liquid phase.
  • the abovementioned supply and distribution members may comprise at least one recess formed in at least one of the aforementioned plates and communicating with the gap between the faces in mutual contact of said plates.
  • a metal container 1 for example a ladle, consisting of an external metal breastplate 2 and an internal coating 3 of refractory material, has a bottom wall provided with a interchangeable socket 5, also made of refractory material, in which the taphole 6 is formed.
  • a taphole shutter device 6 according to the invention and designated d '' generally by reference 10.
  • the device 10 essentially comprises a fixed plate 11 and a movable plate 12 applied one against the other along their face 11a and 12a respectively by a spring system not shown, the movable plate 12 being mounted rotatably about an axis XX 'and carrying two nozzles 13, these nozzles being made, like the plates 11 and 12, of a refractory material, for example an impregnated alumina.
  • the plate 11 is crossed by an orifice 110, placed in alignment with the tap hole 6, while the movable plate 12 is crossed by two passages such as 120 (only one is shown).
  • Each nozzle 13, crossed by an internal channel 130 (only one is shown), is provided with a metal external armor 131 and permanently mounted on the plate 12 by means of said armor 131 and a metal support 121 integral with said plate, so that its channel 130 is in alignment with the passage 120.
  • By rotation of the plate 12 one therefore brings one or the other of the nozzles 13 (the left nozzle in FIG. 1) in communication with the tap hole 6.
  • the plate 11 is provided with a recess constituted by a circular groove 111 hollowed out on its face 11 a, concentrically with the orifice 110, and consequently communicating with the gap 11 ⁇ -12a between the two plates.
  • Two perpendicular conduits communicating with each other, 112 and 113, are drilled in the mass of the plate 11.
  • the conduit 113 opens directly into the groove 111 while the conduit 112 is connected, via a tube 14, to a pressurized inert gas source 20, equipped with a detector 21.
  • the inert gas can be nitrogen, argon, a nitrogen-argon mixture or in the case of aluminum metallurgy for example , of CO 2 .
  • the groove 111 as well as the conduits 112 and 113 therefore constitute organs for supplying and distributing the gas delivered by the source 20, this gas forming, between the two plates 11 and 12 and around the channel formed by the orifices 6, 110 , 120 and 130, a gas barrier that prevents ambient air from reaching the flowing metal.
  • the movable plate 12 which is provided with a recess constituted by a circular groove 122 hollowed out on its face 12a concentrically with passage 120 and thereby communicating with the gap 11a-12a.
  • Two perpendicular conduits and communicating with each other 123 and 124 are drilled in the mass of the plate 12.
  • the conduit 124 opens directly into the groove 122 while the conduit 123 is connected, via a tubular 125, to the source 20.
  • each of these passages may be provided with a groove such as 122, or a single groove may be provided surrounding all of the passages .
  • the nozzle 14, the central channel of which is designated by 140, is, unlike the nozzles 13 in FIG. 1, removably mounted on the plate 12, this thanks to an appropriate system of known type, for example with bayonet.
  • the breastplate 141 of the nozzle 14 and the ring 142 carried on the support 121 are provided with latching means (not shown) which allow the nozzle to be held on the plate.
  • a channel 126 is drilled in the plate 12 perpendicular to the conduit 123 and communicating with the latter, this channel 126 opening into the junction zone 127 between nozzle and plate. Under these conditions, the inert gas fills the zone 127 thus creating a protective barrier around the flowing metal.
  • the pressure of the inert gas is adjusted by means of the pressure reducer 21, so as to obtain in the grooves 111 or 122, an overpressure of a few millimeters of water relative to the local atmospheric pressure.
  • a gaseous protective barrier is also created at the lower end of the nozzle 14, that is to say at the outlet of the jet of liquid metal.
  • the inert gas supply and distribution members comprise, in this case, an annular distributor constituted by a porous ring of refractory material 144 housed in a recess 145 formed at the outlet of the nozzle 14, this ring being connected, by a tubing 146, at source 20.
  • the flow of inert gas from the ring 144 makes it possible to compensate for the depression caused by the emergence at high speed of the metal jet and prevents atmospheric air from reaching said metal.
  • FIG. 3 A first alternative embodiment of the gaseous protective barrier at the outlet opening of the nozzle is shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the nozzle 15, provided with a central channel 150 and a breastplate 151 comprises, at its lower part, an annular groove 152 into which tangentially opens a tube 153 connected to a source of inert gas under pressure (not shown). Between this groove 152 and the lower end of the nozzle, the refractory material has a smaller thickness, thus providing a channel 154 extending the channel 150 but having a larger diameter.
  • the nozzle 16 provided with a central channel 160 and a breastplate 161 , comprises, at its lower part, a distributor constituted by a metallic flange 162 in the form of a trough that is extended, in the direction of the outlet end of said nozzle, a sleeve also metallic 163 which forms a coating on the breastplate 161, the nozzle being deprived, in this part, of refractory material.
  • a distributor constituted by a metallic flange 162 in the form of a trough that is extended, in the direction of the outlet end of said nozzle, a sleeve also metallic 163 which forms a coating on the breastplate 161, the nozzle being deprived, in this part, of refractory material.
  • a tube 164 connected to a source of inert gas in liquefied form (not shown) and delivering said gas in the liquid phase.
  • the collar 162 and the sleeve 163 are metallic, for example made of mild steel, has the consequence of facilitating the transmission of calories from the metal jet and consequently of accelerating the passage from liquid phase to gaseous phase, the latter forming the desired protective barrier.
  • the flow rate of the liquefied gas can be adjusted so that only a part is vaporized in the flange 162.
  • the excess liquid phase then flows along the jet of metal and spreads over the surface of the bath, forming a protective liquid layer.
  • the device 10 is provided with a metal casing or cover 17 which is mounted in leaktight manner on the bottom of the container and which almost completely envelops said device, only an opening 170 being provided at its lower part for the passage of the nozzles 13 and the flow of the metal jet.
  • This box 17 is supplied with inert gas under pressure by a source (not shown) such as the previous source 20, and maintains, around the device 10, an atmosphere which constitutes an effective protective barrier against atmospheric air. The gas escapes through the opening 170 thus forming, around the nozzles and the metal jet, an inert gas flow.
  • This housing also protects the device 10 against metal splashes.
  • the device 10 being assumed to have no spring system for holding the plates 11 and 12 against each other, therefore a cooling circuit, the inert gas is brought directly inside the housing 17 by a tube 171 integral with the latter.
  • the device is assumed to be equipped with a spring system associated with a compressed air cooling circuit.
  • This spring system represented schematically and designated by the reference 18, comprises a stop 181 in the form of an inverted cup open at its lower end and integral with the plate 12, a support piece 182 in the form of a piston integral with the plate 11 and a spring 183 interposed between the stop 181 and the part 182.
  • a tube 184 allows the supply of compressed cooling air into the stop 181, this air circulating, by ducts not shown, in the other identical elements of the system to springs.
  • the tube 184 is connected not to a source of compressed air, but to the source of pressurized inert gas, so that the housing 17 is supplied via the cooling circuit of the spring system.
  • the housing 17 is provided with an orifice 172 for the passage of the tubing 184.
  • the grooves 111 and 122 of the fixed plate 11 and the movable plate 12 could have a shape other than circular, for example elliptical.
  • the groove 152 and in the collar 162 of the nozzles 15 and 16 respectively could tangentially open several pipes such as 153 and 164 instead of just one.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne la protection du jet de coulée d'un métal en fusion contenu dans un récipient et traversant un dispositif obturateur à plaques comportant une plaque fixe et une plaque mobile munie d'une busette au moins.The invention relates to the protection of the pouring jet of a molten metal contained in a container and passing through a plate shutter device comprising a fixed plate and a movable plate provided with at least one nozzle.

Ces dispositifs obturateurs commandent l'ouverture et la fermeture du trou de coulée de récipient, poche ou répartiteur, la busette pouvant venir en communication avec ledit trou de coulée. Ils permettent par conséquent de verser le métal en fusion, par exemple de l'acier, dans une lingotière ou analogue. Le versement du métal en fusion peut être fait directement de la proche dans la lingotière ou, dans le case de coulée continue, de la poche dans un répartiteur puis dans la lingotière.These shutter devices control the opening and closing of the container, pocket or distributor tap hole, the nozzle being able to come into communication with said tap hole. They therefore make it possible to pour the molten metal, for example steel, into an ingot mold or the like. The pouring of molten metal can be done directly from the relative in the ingot mold or, in the continuous casting box, from the ladle in a distributor and then in the ingot mold.

Les deux plaques sont faites en un matériau résistant aux hautes températures tel qu céramique ou alumine imprégnée ou goudronnée. La plaque mobile peut être coulissante ou rotative et être munie d'une busette unique ou de plusieurs busettes de diamètres internes différents. On peut, dans cer dernier cas, en changeant de busette, modifier la vitesse de coulée en fonction, par exemple, de la hauteur du métal dans le récipient. Les deux plaques peuvent être appliquées l'une contre l'autre au moyen d'un système à ressorts munit d'un circuit de refroidissement.The two plates are made of a material resistant to high temperatures such as ceramic or impregnated or tarred alumina. The movable plate can be sliding or rotary and be provided with a single nozzle or with several nozzles of different internal diameters. In the latter case, by changing the nozzle, it is possible to modify the casting speed as a function, for example, of the height of the metal in the container. The two plates can be applied against each other by means of a spring system provided with a cooling circuit.

On sait, par ailleurs, qu'il importe d'éviter, au cours d'une coulée, tout contact entre l'air atmosphérique ambiant et la métal en fusion, ceci pour empêcher la formation d'oxydes divers dans la masse du métal, ces oxydes nuisant considérablement à la qualité du produit final.We know, moreover, that it is important to avoid, during a casting, any contact between the ambient atmospheric air and the molten metal, this to prevent the formation of various oxides in the mass of the metal, these oxides considerably harming the quality of the final product.

Or, les dispositifs obturateurs actuellement connus présentent de nombreux endroits de passage pour l'air atmosphérique qui est véritablement aspiré par suite de la dépression causée par l'écoulement du métal en fusion. Ces obturateurs augmentent les risques d'occlusion de bulles d'air dans le métal pendant la coulée et donc les risques d'oxydation.However, the currently known shutter devices have numerous passage locations for atmospheric air which is truly sucked in as a result of the depression caused by the flow of molten metal. These shutters increase the risk of occlusion of air bubbles in the metal during casting and therefore the risk of oxidation.

Les endroits par lesquels l'air pénètre jusqu'au métal sont: l'interstice entre les deux faces en regard des plaques fixe et mobile en raison du jeu nécessaire à leur mouvement relatif; la zone de liaison entre la ou les busettes et la plaque mobile, en particulier lorsque ladite ou les dites busettes sont montées de façon amovible sur ladite plaque; l'extrémité de sortie de la busette; la liaison entre la plaque fixe et le récipient ainsi que, dans le cas de busettes montées à demeure sur la plaque mobile, la liaison entre ladite busette et ladite plaque, ces liaisons étant effectuées par maçonnage à l'aide d'un éoulis de ciment par nature peu étanche aux gaz et qui devient de plus en plus poreux en raison des fissures qui apparaissent avec l'usage.The places through which air penetrates to the metal are: the gap between the two opposite faces of the fixed and movable plates due to the play necessary for their relative movement; the connection zone between the nozzle (s) and the movable plate, in particular when the said nozzle (s) are removably mounted on the said plate; the outlet end of the nozzle; the connection between the fixed plate and the container as well as, in the case of nozzles permanently mounted on the movable plate, the connection between said nozzle and said plate, these connections being made by masonry using a cement screed inherently not gas tight and which becomes more and more porous due to the cracks which appear with use.

Parmi les dispositifs mis au point jusqu'à présent pour tenter d'éviter l'oxydation d'un jet de coulée d'un métal fondu, on peut citer le dispositif décrit dans le US-A-4,131,219. Ce dispositif qui est un dispositif obturateur du type comportant une plaque fixe et une plaque coulissant munie d'une buse de coulée, comporte un réservoir de gaz neutre qui entoure la partie inférieure de ladite buse. Ainsi, l'apport de gaz neutre à la base de la buse de coulée assure la protection du métal en fusion après sa sortie de ladite buse. Ce dispositif présente l'inconvénient de ne pas assurer la protection du jet de métal fondu lors de sa traversée de l'organe de fermeture à plaques; ainsi, pendant cette traversée, le jet de métal est exposé à l'action oxydante de l'air qui s'infiltre entre les plaques ou entre la busette et la plaque mobile.Among the devices developed so far in an attempt to avoid the oxidation of a casting jet of a molten metal, mention may be made of the device described in US-A-4,131,219. This device, which is a shutter device of the type comprising a fixed plate and a sliding plate provided with a pouring nozzle, comprises a reservoir of neutral gas which surrounds the lower part of said nozzle. Thus, the supply of neutral gas at the base of the pouring nozzle ensures the protection of the molten metal after it leaves said nozzle. This device has the drawback of not ensuring the protection of the jet of molten metal during its passage through the plate closure member; thus, during this crossing, the metal jet is exposed to the oxidizing action of the air which infiltrates between the plates or between the nozzle and the movable plate.

La présente invention a pour but d'éliminer les inconvénients susmentionnés et propose, à cet effet, un dispositif obturateur à plaques du type comportant une plaque fixe, une plaque mobile munie d'une busette au moins pouvant venir en communication avec le trou de coulée, et des organes d'adduction et de répartition de gaz reliés à une source de gaz pratiquement inerte vis-à-vis du métal. Il se caractérisé en ce que les organes précités comportent au moins une gorge circulaire creusée sur l'une au moins des faces en contact mutuel des plaques, ces gorges entourant, sur la totalité de leur pourtour, les orifices qui traversent lesdites plaques.The present invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks and proposes, for this purpose, a plate shutter device of the type comprising a fixed plate, a movable plate provided with a nozzle at least capable of coming into communication with the tap hole. , and gas supply and distribution means connected to a gas source that is practically inert with respect to the metal. It is characterized in that the abovementioned members comprise at least one circular groove hollowed out on at least one of the faces in mutual contact with the plates, these grooves surrounding, over their entire periphery, the orifices which pass through said plates.

Ainsi, dans le dispositif conforme à l'invention, l'introduction dans le dispositif obturateur d'un gaz pratiquement inerte via-à-vis du métal, gaz qui est délivré par la source de gaz à une pression légèrement supérieure à la pression atmosphérique, et la répartition de ce gaz autour du métal alors qu'il traverse ledit dispositif, permet de l'isoler de l'air ambiant par une barrière de protection gazeuse continue. Une telle barrière s'oppose au passage de l'air ambiant et par conséquent à son action oxydante. De plus, cette barrière gazeuse étant constituée par un gaz pratiquement inerte vis-à-vis du métal traité, c'est-à-dire dépourvu d'action chimique sur ce métal, ou du moins dont l'action chimique, si elle existe, peut être négligée, n'entraîne aucun risque de nuire à la qualité du produit final.Thus, in the device according to the invention, the introduction into the shutter device of a gas which is practically inert via the metal, gas which is delivered by the gas source at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure , and the distribution of this gas around the metal as it passes through said device, makes it possible to isolate it from the ambient air by a continuous gaseous protection barrier. Such a barrier prevents the passage of ambient air and therefore its oxidizing action. In addition, this gas barrier being constituted by a gas that is practically inert with respect to the treated metal, that is to say devoid of chemical action on this metal, or at least of which the chemical action, if it exists , can be neglected, does not entail any risk of harming the quality of the final product.

Selon une charactéristique de l'invention la plaque mobile comporte en outre un canal communiquant avec la ou les gorges et débouchant dans la zone de jonction entre la plaque mobile et la busette.According to a characteristic of the invention, the movable plate further comprises a channel communicating with the groove or grooves and opening into the junction zone between the movable plate and the nozzle.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les organes d'adduction et de répartition précités comportent un boîtier enveloppant le dispositif obturateur et muni d'au moins un orifice pour l'évacuation du gaz et le passage du jet . de coulée.According to another characteristic of the invention, the abovementioned supply and distribution members comprise a housing enveloping the shutter device and provided with at least one orifice for the evacuation of the gas and the passage of the jet. of casting.

Selon une variante de réalisation, les organes d'adduction et de répartition précités comportent une bague poreuse annulaire disposée au voisinage de l'orifice de sortie de la busette et alimentée en gaz en phase gazeuse.According to an alternative embodiment, the abovementioned supply and distribution members comprise an annular porous ring disposed in the vicinity of the outlet orifice of the nozzle and supplied with gas in the gas phase.

Selon une autre variante de réalisation, les organes d'adduction et de répartition précités comportent une collerette annulaire disposée au voisinage de l'orifice de sortie de la busette et alimentée en gaz en phase liquide.According to another alternative embodiment, the The aforementioned supply and distribution members comprise an annular collar disposed in the vicinity of the outlet orifice of the nozzle and supplied with gas in the liquid phase.

Les organes d'adduction et de répartition précités peuvent comporter au moins un évidement ménagé dans l'une au moins des plaques précités et communiquant avec l'interstice entre les faces en contact mutuel des dites plaques.The abovementioned supply and distribution members may comprise at least one recess formed in at least one of the aforementioned plates and communicating with the gap between the faces in mutual contact of said plates.

Cet évidemment, relié à la source précitée, enferme donc une réserve de gaz inerte sous pression qui pénètre dans l'interstice précité et s'oppose efficacement à la pénétration de l'air ambiant par ledit interstices.This obviously, connected to the aforementioned source, therefore encloses a reserve of inert gas under pressure which penetrates into the aforementioned interstice and effectively prevents the penetration of ambient air by said interstices.

D'autres avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre.Other advantages of the invention will appear during the description which follows.

Dans les dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif:

  • - la figure 1 est une représentation schématique, partiellement en vue extérieur et partiellement en coupe, d'un dispositif obturateur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue partielle en coupe d'un second mode de réalisation de l'invention comportant une busette à sortie protégée;
  • - la figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe d'une première variante de réalisation de la busette à sortie protégée précitée;
  • - la figure 4 est une coupe selon la ligne IV-IV de la figure 3;
  • - la figure 5 est une vue partielle en coupe d'une seconde variante de réalisation de la busette à sortie protégée;
  • - la figure 6 est une répresentation schématique, partiellement en vue extérieure et partiellement en coupe, d'un dispositif selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • - la figure 7 représente une variante du dispositif de la figure 6.
In the appended drawings given solely by way of nonlimiting example:
  • - Figure 1 is a schematic representation, partially in external view and partially in section, of a shutter device according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention comprising a nozzle with protected outlet;
  • - Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of a first alternative embodiment of the aforementioned protected outlet nozzle;
  • - Figure 4 is a section along the line IV-IV of Figure 3;
  • - Figure 5 is a partial sectional view of a second alternative embodiment of the nozzle with protected outlet;
  • - Figure 6 is a schematic representation, partially in external view and partially in section, of a device according to a third embodiment of the invention;
  • - Figure 7 shows a variant of the device of Figure 6.

Selon le mode réalisation représenté à la figure 1, un récipient métallique 1, par exemple une poche de coulée, constituée d'une cuirasse externe métallique 2 et d'un revêtement interne 3 en matériau réfractaire, présente une paroi de fond munie d'une douille interchangeable 5, également en matériau réfractaire, dans laquelle est ménagé le trou de coulée 6. Sur cette paroi de fond 4, et extérieurement à cette dernière, est monté un dispositif obturateur du trou de coulée 6 conforme à l'invention et désigné d'une façon générale par la référence 10.According to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a metal container 1, for example a ladle, consisting of an external metal breastplate 2 and an internal coating 3 of refractory material, has a bottom wall provided with a interchangeable socket 5, also made of refractory material, in which the taphole 6 is formed. On this bottom wall 4, and outside this latter, is mounted a taphole shutter device 6 according to the invention and designated d '' generally by reference 10.

Le dispositif 10 comporte essentiellement une plaque fixe 11 et une plaque mobile 12 appliquées l'une contre l'autre selon leur face 11 a et 12a respectivement par un système à ressort non représenté, la plaque mobile 12 étant montée rotativement autour d'un axe XX' et portant deux busettes 13, ces busettes étant faites, comme les plaques 11 et 12, en un matériau réfractaire, par exemple une alumine imprégnée.The device 10 essentially comprises a fixed plate 11 and a movable plate 12 applied one against the other along their face 11a and 12a respectively by a spring system not shown, the movable plate 12 being mounted rotatably about an axis XX 'and carrying two nozzles 13, these nozzles being made, like the plates 11 and 12, of a refractory material, for example an impregnated alumina.

La plaque 11 est traversée par un orifice 110, placé en alignement avec le trou de coulée 6, tandis que la plaque mobile 12 est traversée par deux passages tels que 120 (un seul est représente). Chaque busette 13, traversée par un canal interne 130 (un seul est représenté), est munie d'une cuirasse, externe métallique 131 et montée à demeure sur la plaque 12 par l'intermédiaire de ladite cuirasse 131 et d'un support métallique 121 solidaire de ladite plaque, de telle façon que son canal 130 soit en alignement avec le passage 120. Par rotation de la plaque 12 on amène donc l'une ou l'autre des busettes 13 (la busette de gauche sur la figure 1 ) en communication avec le trou de coulée 6.The plate 11 is crossed by an orifice 110, placed in alignment with the tap hole 6, while the movable plate 12 is crossed by two passages such as 120 (only one is shown). Each nozzle 13, crossed by an internal channel 130 (only one is shown), is provided with a metal external armor 131 and permanently mounted on the plate 12 by means of said armor 131 and a metal support 121 integral with said plate, so that its channel 130 is in alignment with the passage 120. By rotation of the plate 12 one therefore brings one or the other of the nozzles 13 (the left nozzle in FIG. 1) in communication with the tap hole 6.

La plaque 11 est munie d'un évidement constitué par une gorge circulaire 111 creusée sur sa face 11 a, concentriquement à l'orifice 110, et communiquant par conséquent avec l'interstice 11 α-12a entre les deux plaques. Deux conduits perpendiculaires communiquant entre eux, 112 et 113, sont percés dans la masse de la plaque 11. Le conduit 113 débouche directement dans la gorge 111 tandis que le conduit 112 est relié, par l'intermédiaire d'une tubulure 14, à une source de gaz inerte sous pression 20, munie d'un détecteur 21. Le gaz inerte peut être de l'azote, de l'argon, un mélange d'azote-argon ou encore dans le cas de métallurgie de l'aluminium par exemple, deu CO2.The plate 11 is provided with a recess constituted by a circular groove 111 hollowed out on its face 11 a, concentrically with the orifice 110, and consequently communicating with the gap 11 α-12a between the two plates. Two perpendicular conduits communicating with each other, 112 and 113, are drilled in the mass of the plate 11. The conduit 113 opens directly into the groove 111 while the conduit 112 is connected, via a tube 14, to a pressurized inert gas source 20, equipped with a detector 21. The inert gas can be nitrogen, argon, a nitrogen-argon mixture or in the case of aluminum metallurgy for example , of CO 2 .

La gorge 111 ainsi que les conduits 112 et 113 constituent donc des organes d'adduction et de répartition du gaz délivré par la source 20, ce gaz formant, entre les deux plaques 11 et 12 et autour du canal constitué par les orifices 6, 110, 120 et 130, une barrière gazeuse qui empêche l'air ambiant d'atteindre le métal en écoulement.The groove 111 as well as the conduits 112 and 113 therefore constitute organs for supplying and distributing the gas delivered by the source 20, this gas forming, between the two plates 11 and 12 and around the channel formed by the orifices 6, 110 , 120 and 130, a gas barrier that prevents ambient air from reaching the flowing metal.

Selon la mode de réalisation représenté dans la figure 2 dans laquelle les mêmes chiffres de référence désignent les mêmes éléments que dans la figure 1, c'est la plaque mobile 12 qui est munie d'un évidement constitué par une gorge circulaire 122 creusée sur sa face 12a concentriquement au passage 120 et communiquant de ce fait avec l'interstice 11 a-12a. Deux conduits perpendiculaires et communiquant entre eux 123 et 124 sont percés dans la masse de la plaque 12. Le conduit 124 débouche directement dans la gorge 122 tandis que le conduit 123 est relié, par l'intermédiaire d'une tubulaire 125, à la source 20. Dans le cas d'une plaque mobile portant plusieurs busettes donc, plusieurs passages tels que 120, chacun de ces passages peut être muni d'une gorge telle que 122, ou il peut être prévu une seule gorge entourant l'ensemble des passages. La busette 14, dont le canal central est désigné par 140, est, à la différence des busettes 13 de la figure 1, montée de façon amovible sur la plaque 12, ceci grâce à un système approprié de type connu, par exemple à baïonnette. A cet effet, la cuirasse 141 de la busette 14 et la bague 142 portée sur le support 121, sont munies de moyens d'enclenchement (non représentés) qui permettent le maintien de la busette sur la plaque. La zone de jonction entre cette busette amovible 14 et la plaque 12 constituant un passage possible pour l'air ambiant, un canal 126 est percé dans la plaque 12 perpendiculairement au conduit 123 et communiquant avec ce dernier, ce canal 126 débouchant dans la zone de jonction 127 entre busette et plaque. Dans ces conditions, le gaz inerte remplit la zone 127 créant ainsi une barrière de protection autour du métal en écoulement.According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in which the same reference numbers designate the same elements as in FIG. 1, it is the movable plate 12 which is provided with a recess constituted by a circular groove 122 hollowed out on its face 12a concentrically with passage 120 and thereby communicating with the gap 11a-12a. Two perpendicular conduits and communicating with each other 123 and 124 are drilled in the mass of the plate 12. The conduit 124 opens directly into the groove 122 while the conduit 123 is connected, via a tubular 125, to the source 20. In the case of a movable plate carrying several nozzles therefore, several passages such as 120, each of these passages may be provided with a groove such as 122, or a single groove may be provided surrounding all of the passages . The nozzle 14, the central channel of which is designated by 140, is, unlike the nozzles 13 in FIG. 1, removably mounted on the plate 12, this thanks to an appropriate system of known type, for example with bayonet. To this end, the breastplate 141 of the nozzle 14 and the ring 142 carried on the support 121, are provided with latching means (not shown) which allow the nozzle to be held on the plate. The junction zone between this removable nozzle 14 and the plate 12 constituting a possible passage for the ambient air, a channel 126 is drilled in the plate 12 perpendicular to the conduit 123 and communicating with the latter, this channel 126 opening into the junction zone 127 between nozzle and plate. Under these conditions, the inert gas fills the zone 127 thus creating a protective barrier around the flowing metal.

La pression du gaz inerte est réglée au moyen du détendeur 21, de façon à obtenir dans les gorges 111 ou 122, une surpression de quelques millimètres d'eau par rapport à la pression atmosphérique locale.The pressure of the inert gas is adjusted by means of the pressure reducer 21, so as to obtain in the grooves 111 or 122, an overpressure of a few millimeters of water relative to the local atmospheric pressure.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 2, une barrière de protection gazeuse est créée également à l'extrémité inférieure de la busette 14, c'est-à-dire à la sortie du jet de métal liquide. Les organes d'adduction et de répartition du gaz inerte comportent, dans ce cas, un distributeur annulaire constitué par une bague poreuse en matériau réfractaire 144 logée dans un embrèvement 145 ménagé à la sortie de la busette 14, cette bague étant reliée, par une tubulure 146, à la source 20. Le débit de gaz inerte issu de la bague 144 permet de compenser la dépression provoquée par l'émergence à grande vitesse du jet de métal et empêche l'air atmosphérique d'atteindre ledit métal.In the embodiment of Figure 2, a gaseous protective barrier is also created at the lower end of the nozzle 14, that is to say at the outlet of the jet of liquid metal. The inert gas supply and distribution members comprise, in this case, an annular distributor constituted by a porous ring of refractory material 144 housed in a recess 145 formed at the outlet of the nozzle 14, this ring being connected, by a tubing 146, at source 20. The flow of inert gas from the ring 144 makes it possible to compensate for the depression caused by the emergence at high speed of the metal jet and prevents atmospheric air from reaching said metal.

Une première variante de réalisation de la barrière de protection gazeuse à l'orifice de sortie de la busette est représentée aux figures 3 et 4. Dans ce cas de figure, la busette 15, munie d'un canal central 150 et d'une cuirasse 151, comporte, à sa partie inférieure, une gorge annulaire 152 dans laquelle débouche tangentiellement une tubulure 153 reliée à une source de gaz inerte sous pression (non représentée). Entre cette gorge 152 et l'extrémité inférieure de la busette, le matériau réfractaire présente une moindre épaisseur, ménageant ainsi un canal 154 prolongeant le canal 150 mais de diamètre supérieur. On obtient ainsi dans le canal élargi 154, autour du jet de métal liquide dont le diamètre est celui du canal 150, un flot de gaz inerte qui arrive tangentiellement audit jet, formant autour de lui une barrière gazeuse homogène. L'aspiration créée par le jet de métal tendant à entraîner le gaz inerte, on règle de préférence le débit de ce dernier de façon que son apport se fasse à vitesse égale à celle du métal liquide.A first alternative embodiment of the gaseous protective barrier at the outlet opening of the nozzle is shown in Figures 3 and 4. In this case, the nozzle 15, provided with a central channel 150 and a breastplate 151, comprises, at its lower part, an annular groove 152 into which tangentially opens a tube 153 connected to a source of inert gas under pressure (not shown). Between this groove 152 and the lower end of the nozzle, the refractory material has a smaller thickness, thus providing a channel 154 extending the channel 150 but having a larger diameter. There is thus obtained in the enlarged channel 154, around the jet of liquid metal whose diameter is that of the channel 150, a flow of inert gas which arrives tangentially to said jet, forming around it a homogeneous gas barrier. As the suction created by the metal jet tends to entrain the inert gas, the flow rate of the latter is preferably adjusted so that its supply takes place at a speed equal to that of the liquid metal.

Une seconde variante de réalisation de la barrière de protection gazeuse à l'orifice de sortie de la busette est représentée à la figure 5. Dans ce cas de figure, la busette 16, munie d'un canal central 160 et d'une cuirasse 161, comporte, à sa partie inférieure, un distributeur constitué par une collerette métallique 162 en forme d'auge que prolongé, en direction de l'extrémité de sortie de ladite busette, un manchon également métallique 163 qui forme un revêtement sur la cuirasse 161, la busette étant démunie, dans cette partie, de matériau réfractaire. Dans la collerette 162 débouche tangentiellement une tubulure 164 reliée à une source de gaz inerte sous forme liquéfiée (non représentée) et délivrant ledit gaz en phase liquide. Le fait que la collerette 162 et le manchon 163 soient métalliques, par exemple en acier doux, a pour conséquence de faciliter la transmission des calories du jet de métal et par conséquent d'accélérer la passage de phase liquide en phase gazeuse, cette dernière formant la barrière de protection désirée. On peut régler le débit du gaz liquéfié de façon qu'une partie seulement soit vaporisée dans la collerette 162. L'excès de phase liquide s'écoule alors le long du jet du métal et se répand sur la surface du bain, en formant une couche liquide protectrice.A second alternative embodiment of the gaseous protective barrier at the outlet orifice of the nozzle is shown in FIG. 5. In this case, the nozzle 16, provided with a central channel 160 and a breastplate 161 , comprises, at its lower part, a distributor constituted by a metallic flange 162 in the form of a trough that is extended, in the direction of the outlet end of said nozzle, a sleeve also metallic 163 which forms a coating on the breastplate 161, the nozzle being deprived, in this part, of refractory material. In the collar 162 tangentially opens a tube 164 connected to a source of inert gas in liquefied form (not shown) and delivering said gas in the liquid phase. The fact that the collar 162 and the sleeve 163 are metallic, for example made of mild steel, has the consequence of facilitating the transmission of calories from the metal jet and consequently of accelerating the passage from liquid phase to gaseous phase, the latter forming the desired protective barrier. The flow rate of the liquefied gas can be adjusted so that only a part is vaporized in the flange 162. The excess liquid phase then flows along the jet of metal and spreads over the surface of the bath, forming a protective liquid layer.

Selon les modes re réalisation des figures 6 et 7, dans lesquelles les mêmes chiffres de référence désignent les mêmes éléments que dans les figures précédentes, le dispositif 10 est muni d'un boîtier ou capot métallique 17 qui est monté de façon étanche sur le fond du récipient et qui enveloppe pratiquement complètement ledit dispositif, seule une ouverture 170 etant prévue à sa partie inférieure pour le passage des busettes 13 et l'écoulement du jet métallique. Ce boîtier 17 est alimenté en gaz inerte sous pression par une source (non représentée) telle que la source 20 précédente, et maintient, autour du dispositif 10, une atmosphère qui constitue une barrière de protection efficace contre l'air atmosphérique. Le gaz s'échappe par l'ouverture 170 formant ainsi, autour des buses et du jet métallique, un flux gazeux inerte. Ce boîtier protège en outre le dispositif 10 contre les projections de métal.According to the embodiments of FIGS. 6 and 7, in which the same reference numbers designate the same elements as in the preceding figures, the device 10 is provided with a metal casing or cover 17 which is mounted in leaktight manner on the bottom of the container and which almost completely envelops said device, only an opening 170 being provided at its lower part for the passage of the nozzles 13 and the flow of the metal jet. This box 17 is supplied with inert gas under pressure by a source (not shown) such as the previous source 20, and maintains, around the device 10, an atmosphere which constitutes an effective protective barrier against atmospheric air. The gas escapes through the opening 170 thus forming, around the nozzles and the metal jet, an inert gas flow. This housing also protects the device 10 against metal splashes.

Dans la figure 6, le dispositif 10 étant supposée démuni de système à ressorts pour le maintien des plaques 11 et 12 l'une contre l'autre, donc de circuit de refroidissement, le gaz inerte est amené directement à l'intérieur du boîtier 17 par un tubulure 171 solidaire de ce dernier.In FIG. 6, the device 10 being assumed to have no spring system for holding the plates 11 and 12 against each other, therefore a cooling circuit, the inert gas is brought directly inside the housing 17 by a tube 171 integral with the latter.

Dans la figure 7, le dispositif est supposé équipé d'un système à ressorts associé à un circuit de refroidissement à air comprimé. Ce système à ressorts, représenté schématiquement et désigné par la référence 18, comporte une butée 181 en forme de coupelle renversée ouverte à son extrémité inférieure et solidaire de la plaque 12, une pièce d'appui 182 en forme de piston solidaire de la plaque 11 et un ressort 183 interposé entre la butée 181 et la pièce 182. Une tubulure 184 permet l'amenée d'air comprimé de refroidissement dans la butée 181, cet air circulant, par des conduits non représentés, dans les autres élément identiques du système à ressorts. Dans ce cas, la tubulure 184 est reliée non pas à une source d'air comprimé, mais à la source de gaz inerte sous pression, de sorte que le boîtier 17 est alimenté par l'intermédiaire du circuit de refroidissement du système à ressorts. Le boîtier 17 est munit d'un orifice 172 pour le passage de la tubulure 184.In FIG. 7, the device is assumed to be equipped with a spring system associated with a compressed air cooling circuit. This spring system, represented schematically and designated by the reference 18, comprises a stop 181 in the form of an inverted cup open at its lower end and integral with the plate 12, a support piece 182 in the form of a piston integral with the plate 11 and a spring 183 interposed between the stop 181 and the part 182. A tube 184 allows the supply of compressed cooling air into the stop 181, this air circulating, by ducts not shown, in the other identical elements of the system to springs. In this case, the tube 184 is connected not to a source of compressed air, but to the source of pressurized inert gas, so that the housing 17 is supplied via the cooling circuit of the spring system. The housing 17 is provided with an orifice 172 for the passage of the tubing 184.

On pourrait apporter aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés diverses modifications sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention selon les revendications. C'est ainsi que, par exemple, les gorges 111 et 122 de la plaque fixe 11 et de la plaque mobile 12 pourraient avoir une forme autre que circulaire, par exemple elliptique. De même, dans la gorge 152 et dans la collerette 162 des busettes 15 et 16 respectivement pourraient déboucher tangentiellement plusieurs tubulures telles que 153 et 164 au lieu d'une seule.Various modifications could be made to the embodiments described and represented. without departing from the scope of the invention according to the claims. Thus, for example, the grooves 111 and 122 of the fixed plate 11 and the movable plate 12 could have a shape other than circular, for example elliptical. Similarly, in the groove 152 and in the collar 162 of the nozzles 15 and 16 respectively could tangentially open several pipes such as 153 and 164 instead of just one.

Claims (5)

1. Sliding gate device (10) for a tap hole (6) of a receptacle (1) containing a molten metal, comprising a fixed slide (11), a movable slide (12) provided with at least one casting tube (13), (14), (15), (16) which can come into communication with the said tap hole (6) and supply means and distribution means (111, 122) for gas connected to a source (20) for gas practically inert to the metal, characterized by that the supply means and the distribution means comprises at least one circular notch (111), (122) cored on at least one of the faces (11a, 12a) in mutual contact with the slides (11, 12), the said notches surrounding on the totality of their periphery the orifices (110, 120) traversing the said slides.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized by that the movable slide (12) comprises furthermore a channel (126), communicating with the notch (122) and terminating in the junction zone (127) between the said movable slide (12) and the said casting tube (14).
3. Device according to Claim 1, characterized by that the said supply means and the said distribution means comprise a housing (17) enveloping the said device (10) and being provided with at least one opening (170) for discharging gas and the passage of the casting jet.
4. Device according to claim 1, characterized by that the said supply means and the said distribution means comprise a porous unular ring (144) disposed in the neighbourhood of the exit orifice of the casting tube (14) and supplied with gas in gaseous phase.
5. Device according to claim 1, characterized by that the said supply means and the said distribution means comprise an unular collar (162) disposed adjacent to the exit orifice of the casting tube (16) and supplied with gas in liquid phase.
EP81401315A 1980-09-15 1981-08-18 Means for protecting molten metal in a sliding gate Expired EP0048641B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81401315T ATE10915T1 (en) 1980-09-15 1981-08-18 DEVICE FOR PROTECTING MOLTEN METAL IN SLIDE CLOSURES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8019837A FR2490123A1 (en) 1980-09-15 1980-09-15 PLATE SHUTTER DEVICE FOR CONTAINER CASTING HOLES CONTAINING A FUSION METAL
FR8019837 1980-09-15

Publications (3)

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EP0048641A1 EP0048641A1 (en) 1982-03-31
EP0048641B1 true EP0048641B1 (en) 1984-12-27
EP0048641B2 EP0048641B2 (en) 1989-09-20

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EP (1) EP0048641B2 (en)
JP (1) JPS5752564A (en)
AR (1) AR225364A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE10915T1 (en)
AU (1) AU543563B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1186146A (en)
DE (1) DE3167942D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2490123A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA815454B (en)

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JPS5752564A (en) 1982-03-29
FR2490123B1 (en) 1983-12-09
FR2490123A1 (en) 1982-03-19
EP0048641A1 (en) 1982-03-31
CA1186146A (en) 1985-04-30
US4480770A (en) 1984-11-06
ATE10915T1 (en) 1985-01-15
AU543563B2 (en) 1985-04-26
DE3167942D1 (en) 1985-02-07
ZA815454B (en) 1982-07-28
EP0048641B2 (en) 1989-09-20
AR225364A1 (en) 1982-03-15
AU7389881A (en) 1982-03-25

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