EP0048367A1 - Pallet-support and method of producing the same - Google Patents

Pallet-support and method of producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048367A1
EP0048367A1 EP81106948A EP81106948A EP0048367A1 EP 0048367 A1 EP0048367 A1 EP 0048367A1 EP 81106948 A EP81106948 A EP 81106948A EP 81106948 A EP81106948 A EP 81106948A EP 0048367 A1 EP0048367 A1 EP 0048367A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pallet
foot
parts
strand
hardened
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81106948A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0048367B1 (en
Inventor
Anton Heggenstaller
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
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Priority to AT81106948T priority Critical patent/ATE13853T1/en
Publication of EP0048367A1 publication Critical patent/EP0048367A1/en
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Publication of EP0048367B1 publication Critical patent/EP0048367B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/38—Details or accessories
    • B65D19/40—Elements for spacing platforms from supporting surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N5/00—Manufacture of non-flat articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0053—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of more than one element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00029—Wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
    • B65D2519/00064—Wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
    • B65D2519/00099—Wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00084—Materials for the non-integral separating spacer
    • B65D2519/00109—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00263—Overall construction of the pallet
    • B65D2519/00273—Overall construction of the pallet made of more than one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00293—Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of more than one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00323—Overall construction of the base surface made of more than one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
    • B65D2519/00333—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a stringer-like shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00368—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer
    • B65D2519/00373—Overall construction of the non-integral separating spacer whereby at least one spacer is made of one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00547—Connections
    • B65D2519/00552—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer
    • B65D2519/00572—Structures connecting the constitutive elements of the pallet to each other, i.e. load supporting surface, base surface and/or separate spacer with separate auxiliary element, e.g. screws, nails, bayonets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S108/00—Horizontally supported planar surfaces
    • Y10S108/901—Synthetic plastic industrial platform, e.g. pallet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pallet foot made of pressed vegetable parts mixed with binder, in particular small wooden parts, consisting of a truss-like beam with projecting foot parts, in which partial areas are additionally compressed.
  • the object of the invention is to design a pallet foot of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 so that it withstands high bending loads.
  • the upper layer of the pallet foot consists of a mixture with a particularly high proportion of fine small parts
  • the lower layer consists of a mixture with a particularly high proportion of coarse small parts
  • the pallet foot is seen on its underside and over its length in a regular manner
  • pallet feet are usually nailed to the top and bottom with pallet boards.
  • Such pallets are particularly stable, stable and have a long service life.
  • the invention also relates to various methods for producing such high-quality pallet feet.
  • the method is also proposed in claim 2.
  • a rectangular, slightly tapered hollow box-like shape that is still open at the top is filled with a material of fine and coarse small wooden parts mixed with binder in free fall.
  • a stamp is used for shaping; which has the negative shape of the pallet base, pressed into the mixed material under the influence of heat. This creates in the Web areas between the foot parts a much greater density due to the press stroke than in the foot areas.
  • the upper edge of the form is smooth-walled. This gives you the opportunity to fill the form with a precisely dosed amount, because you can strip off the batch along this edge.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)

Abstract

A pallet has at least one board secured to a plurality of like elongated parallel stiffening ribs having flat upper sides secured to the board and lower sides formed with downwardly projecting and longitudinally spaced bumps. These ribs are each formed by filling into an upwardly open elongated mold of generally regular cross section a mass of coarse and fine particles and a binder in such a manner that the fine particles are concentrated in the lower portion of the mass and the coarse particles are concentrated in the upper portion of the mass. The mass is then compressed downwardly in the mold to a relatively great extent at several longitudinally spaced-apart locations and to a lesser extent therebetween to form upwardly projecting bumps or feet between these locations. The thus compressed mass is cured into a stiffening rib which is inverted and has the board secured to its planar upper surface opposite its feet.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Palettenfuß aus gepreßten, mit Bindemittel vermischten pflanzlichen Kleinteilen, insbesondere Holzkleinteilen, bestehend aus einem traversenartigen Balken mit vorstehenden Fußteilen, bei dem Teilbereiche zusätzlich verdichtet sind.The invention relates to a pallet foot made of pressed vegetable parts mixed with binder, in particular small wooden parts, consisting of a truss-like beam with projecting foot parts, in which partial areas are additionally compressed.

In der DE-Offenlegungsschrift 25 08 493 wird eine Palette beschrieben, bei der sowohl die ebene Tragplatte wie auch die Füße aus mit Bindemitteln versetzten Holzkleinteilen stranggepreßt sind. Um die Belastbarkeit zu erhöhen, soll das Holzspanplattenmaterial im Steg der Füße verdichtet werden. Offenbar wollte man damit die Druckbelastbarkeit der Füße erhöheno Dabei wurde aber übersehen, daß die Palettenteile beim Verladen unter Last auch erheblichen Biegespannungen ausgesetzt sind. Versuche haben ergeben, daß häufig Risse in den Verbindungsteilen zwischen den Füßen und dem Querbalken radial zu den dortigen Krümmungen eintreten.DE-Laid-Open Specification 25 08 493 describes a pallet in which both the flat support plate and the feet are extruded from small wooden parts mixed with binders. To increase the load capacity, the chipboard material should be compacted in the web of the feet. Apparently the aim was to increase the pressure resistance of the feet. However, it was overlooked that the pallet parts are also exposed to considerable bending stresses during loading under load. Experiments have shown that cracks frequently occur in the connecting parts between the feet and the crossbeam radially to the curvatures there.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt darin, einen Palettenfüß der im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 genannten Art so auszubilden, daß dieser auch hohen Biegebelastungen standhalt.The object of the invention is to design a pallet foot of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 so that it withstands high bending loads.

Das Wesen der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die obere Schicht des Palettenfußes aus einem Gemenge mit besonders hohem Anteil feiner Kleinteile, die untere Schicht aus einem Gemenge mit besonders hohem Anteil grober Kleinteile besteht, daß der Palettenfuß an seiner Unterseite und über seine Länge gesehen in regelmäßigen Abständen aufeinanderfolgend Fußteile und flache nach oben verlaufende Einbuchtungen aufweist, die einen Stegbereich bildenp daß Stegteile und Fußteile über Krümmungen ineinander übergehen,und daß die zwischen den Fußteilen befindlichen zurückversetzten Stegbereiche starker als die übrigen Bereiche des Palettenfußes verdichtet sind.The essence of the invention is that the upper layer of the pallet foot consists of a mixture with a particularly high proportion of fine small parts, the lower layer consists of a mixture with a particularly high proportion of coarse small parts, that the pallet foot is seen on its underside and over its length in a regular manner Has successive intervals of foot parts and shallow indentations running upwards, which form a web area p that web parts and foot parts merge into one another via curvatures, and that the recessed web areas located between the foot parts are compressed more than the other areas of the pallet foot.

Zur Herstellung einer Palette werden üblicherweise drei solche Palettenfüße an ihrer Ober- und Unterseite mit Palettenbrettern vernagelt. Solche Paletten weisen eine besonders große Stabilität, Standfestigkeit und Lebensdauer auf.To produce a pallet, three such pallet feet are usually nailed to the top and bottom with pallet boards. Such pallets are particularly stable, stable and have a long service life.

Es ist zwar durch die DE-PS 840 915 bekannt, Teilbereiche von plattenförmigen Formkörpern dadurch besonders stark zu verdichten, daß die zu verpressende Faserstoffmasse an diesen Stellen in einer größeren Schichtdicke als an anderen Stellen ausgebreitet wird. Eine Anwendung dieser Lehre auf Palettenfüße nach der Erfindung ist schon deswegen nicht möglich, weil sie keine plattenförmige Gestaltung aufweisen.It is known from DE-PS 840 915 to compress sections of plate-shaped bodies particularly strongly by spreading the fiber pulp to be pressed in a thicker layer at these points than at other points. An application of this teaching on pallet feet according to the invention is not possible because they do not have a plate-shaped design.

Geaenstand der Erfindung sind ferner verschiedene Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher hochwertiger Palettenfüße.The invention also relates to various methods for producing such high-quality pallet feet.

Bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird des Verfahren noch Anspruch 2 vorgeschlagen. Dabei wird zur Herstellung dieser Palettenfüße eine rechteckige, nach unten hin leicht verjüngte hohlkastenartige und noch oben offene Form mit einem mit Bindemittel vermischten Material aus feinen und groben Holzkleinteilen im freien Fall gefüllt. Hierdurch befinden sich aufgrund eines natürlichen Entmischungsvorganges die feinen Kleinteile im Bodenbereich der Form, während sich die groberen Kleinteile im oberen Bereich der Form ansammeln. Zur Formgebung wird ein Stempel; der die negative Form des Palettenfußes hat, in das Mischmaterial unter Wärmeeinwirkung gepreßt. Dadurch entsteht in den Stegbereichen zwischen den Fußteilen eine wesentlich größere Dichte aufgrund des Preßhubes als in den Fußbereichen. Nach der Aushärtezeit, in der der Preßdruck aufrechterhalten wird, wird der Palettenfuß aus der Form gehoben und um 1800 für die Gebrauchslage gewendet.In one embodiment of the invention, the method is also proposed in claim 2. To produce these pallet feet, a rectangular, slightly tapered hollow box-like shape that is still open at the top is filled with a material of fine and coarse small wooden parts mixed with binder in free fall. As a result, due to a natural separation process, the fine small parts are in the bottom area of the mold, while the coarser small parts accumulate in the upper area of the mold. A stamp is used for shaping; which has the negative shape of the pallet base, pressed into the mixed material under the influence of heat. This creates in the Web areas between the foot parts a much greater density due to the press stroke than in the foot areas. After the hardening, in which the molding pressure is maintained, the pallet is lifted from the mold and turned through 180 0 for the position of use.

Der obere Rand der Form ist glattwandig. Dadurch ist die Möglichkeit gegeben, eine genau dosierte Menge in die Form zu füllen, weil man das Gemenge entlang dieses Randes abstreifen kann.The upper edge of the form is smooth-walled. This gives you the opportunity to fill the form with a precisely dosed amount, because you can strip off the batch along this edge.

Eine andere Möglichkeit, einen solchen Palettenfuß herzustellen, besteht durch Anwendung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 3 in Verbindung mit einer Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4. Danach wird ein in einer Kaltstrangpresse hergestellter, im Querschnitt rechteckiger Strang durch eine U-Profilform geschoben. Hierbei braucht der Strang nicht so fest gepreßt zu sein, wie dies in bekannten Strangpressen üblich ist. In diesen Strang werden von oben lückenlos aufeinanderfolgende Formstempel eingepreßt zu dem Zeitpunkt, in dem die Koltstrangpresse ihren Rückhub hat. Durch weiteres Vorschieben des Stranges werden die Formstempel mitbewegt, wozu auch ein auf die Formstempel einwirkender Antrieb verwendet werden kann, wonach der Strang und die Formstempel unter Aufrechterhaltung des Druckes erwärmt werden. Am Ende der Aushärtezone werden die Formstempel wieder abgehoben. Anschließend wird der gehörtete und formgepreßte Strang in die für den Palettenfuß gewünschte Länge abgesägt und um 1800 in die Gebrauchsstellung gedreht.Another possibility for producing such a pallet base is to use the method according to claim 3 in conjunction with a device according to claim 4. Thereafter, a strand made in a cold extrusion press and having a rectangular cross section is pushed through a U-profile shape. Here, the strand does not need to be pressed as tightly as is customary in known extrusion presses. Forming dies which are consecutive from above are pressed into this strand at the time when the Kolt extruder has its return stroke. By further advancing the strand, the shaping dies are moved, for which purpose a drive acting on the shaping dies can also be used, after which the strand and the shaping dies are heated while maintaining the pressure. At the end of the curing zone, the form stamps are lifted off again. Then belonging preparing and molded strand is sawn off to the desired length for the pallet and turned 180 0 into the position of use.

Um die Festigkeit in den Oberflächenbereichen des Steges und der Füße weiter zu erhöhen, können mindestens eine Vertiefung in die obenliegende Fläche und/oder in die Fußunterfläche des noch nicht ausgehärteten Palettenfußes eingeprägt werden. Ebenso können auch in die Seitenflöchen des Palettenfußes Vertiefungen eingeprägt werden.In order to further increase the strength in the surface areas of the web and the feet, at least one depression can be embossed in the surface above and / or in the bottom surface of the not yet hardened pallet foot. Likewise, depressions can also be embossed into the side surfaces of the pallet foot.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin, daß der obere Bereich des Palettenfußes, der bei Belastung einer Druckbelastung ausgesetzt ist, hauptsächlich aus feinen Kleinteilen besteht. Die groberen Kleinteile, die entgegengesetzt zu den feineren Kleinteilen eher eine Zugbelastung als eine Druckbelastung aushalten, finden sich im Fußteil der Palette. Hierbei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn man für die groben Späne bevorzugt länglich geformte Späne verwendet, die z.B. durch einen Messerringzerspaner hergestellt werden.The advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the upper area of the pallet foot, which is subjected to a pressure load when loaded, consists mainly of fine small parts. The coarser small parts, which, in contrast to the finer small parts, can withstand a tensile load rather than a compressive load, can be found in the base part of the pallet. It is advantageous here to use elongated chips for the coarse chips, e.g. be produced by a knife ring chipper.

Durch die unterschiedliche Verdichtung von Fußteil und Stegbereich des Palettenfußes wird gerade in den gefährlichen Zonen beim Übergang von Fußteil zum Stegbereich eine höhere Verfestigung herbeigeführt. Eine Belastungsprobe hat gezeigt, daß der Palettenfuß erst bei wesentlich höherer Belastung bricht und daß dieser Bruch nicht, wie bei Palettenfüßen aus homogenem Material, radial zur Krümmung der Verbindung zwischen Fußteil und Stegbereich stattfindet sondern etwa parallel zu dieser Krümmung.Due to the different compression of the foot part and the web area of the pallet foot, a higher degree of consolidation is brought about especially in the dangerous zones at the transition from foot part to the web area. A load test has shown that the pallet foot only breaks when the load is significantly higher and that this break does not take place radially to the curvature of the connection between the foot part and the web area, as in the case of pallet feet made of homogeneous material, but approximately parallel to this curvature.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung beispielsweise und schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1: eine Seitenansicht eines gepreßten Palettenfußes,
  • Fig. 2: einen Querschnitt durch eine etwa rechteckige Form zum Einfüllen und Verpressen von Mischmaterial,
  • Fig. 3: einen Längsschnitt durch die etwa rechteckige Form mit einem Preßstempel,
  • Fig. 4: eine schematische Seitenansicht einer Kaltstrangpresse mit anschließender Preßvorrichtung,
  • Fig. 5: eine Seitenansicht eines Palettenfußes mit seitlich eingeprägten Wulsten und Vertiefungen und,
  • Fig. 6: einen Querschnitt durch einen Palettenfuß mit an Ober- und Unterseite eingeprägten Vertiefungen.
The invention is shown in the drawing, for example and schematically. Show it:
  • 1: a side view of a pressed pallet foot,
  • 2: a cross section through an approximately rectangular shape for filling and pressing mixed material,
  • 3: a longitudinal section through the approximately rectangular shape with a press ram,
  • 4: a schematic side view of a cold extrusion press with subsequent pressing device,
  • 5: a side view of a pallet foot with laterally embossed beads and depressions, and
  • 6: a cross section through a pallet foot with depressions embossed on the top and bottom.

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen Palettenfuß 1 mit drei Fußteilen 2 und einem sie verbindenden Stegbereich 3. In der oberen Schicht 4 des Palettenfußes 1 finden sich hierbei hauptsächlich feinere Kleinteile, während in der unteren Schicht 5 mehr gröbere Kleinteile vorhanden sind. Mit A werden in dem Palettenfuß die kritischen Bereiche zwischen dem Fußteil 2 und dem Stegbereich 3 bezeichnet. Hier treten bei Palettenfüßen aus homogenem Material Bruchstellen radial zu dieser Krümmung auf.FIG. 1 shows a pallet foot 1 with three foot parts 2 and a web area 3 connecting them. In the upper layer 4 of the pallet foot 1 there are mainly finer small parts, while in the lower layer 5 there are more coarser small parts. The critical areas between the foot part 2 and the web area 3 are designated with A in the pallet foot. Here, fractures occur radially to this curvature on pallet feet made of homogeneous material.

In Figur 2 ist eine etwa rechteckige Form 6 im Querschnitt dargestellte die sich nach unten hin verjüngt. Beim Füllen mit Mischmaterial 10, bestehend aus mit Bindemitteln versehenen groben und feinen Kleinteilen 8,7 aus Holz o. dgl., sammeln sich die feineren Kleinteile 7 aufgrund eines Entmischungsvorganges bevorzugt im Bodenbereich der Form 6, an, wohingegen die groberen Teile 8 vorwiegend im oberen Bereich verbleiben. Beim Einpressen des Formstempels 9, der die negative Form des Palettenfußes 1 hat, müssen, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt ist, die Teile 21 des Preßstempels das Mischmaterial wesentlich stärker verdichten als in den übrigen Bereichen. Hierdurch entsteht im Abschnitt a, einschließlich der angrenzenden Krümmungen eine wesentlich größere Dichte als im Abschnitt b, in den die Teile 22 des Formstempels 9 erst dann eindrücken, nachdem die Teile 21 bereits in die Form 6 eingetaucht sind.In Figure 2, an approximately rectangular shape 6 is shown in cross section which tapers towards the bottom. When filling with mixing material 10, consisting of coarse and fine small parts 8, 7 made of wood or the like, provided with binders, the finer small parts 7 preferably collect in the bottom area of the mold 6 due to a separation process, whereas the coarser parts 8 predominantly in the remain in the upper area. When the die 9, which has the negative shape of the pallet foot 1, is pressed in, as shown in FIG. 3, the parts 21 of the die have to compress the mixed material much more than in the other areas. This creates in section a, including the adjacent curvatures, a much greater density than in section b, into which the parts 22 of the die 9 only press after the parts 21 have already been immersed in the mold 6.

Die Figur 4 zeigt schematisch eine Kolben-Kaltstrangpresse 11, die einen Strang 12 in einen U-förmigen Kanal 13 vorschiebt. Zu einem Zeitpunkt, in dem die Kaltstrangpresse einen Rückhub ausführt, und somit den Strang nicht weiter vorschiebt, wird ein Stempel 14 unter einem Druck 16 auf den Strang gepreßt. Beim weiteren Vorschieben des Stranges 12 durch die Kaltstrangpresse 11 (oder auch mittels eines besonderen Antriebes) wird der Stempel 14 mit dem Strang 12 weiterbewegt und greift somit unter Rollen 15, die während des unter Wärmeeinwirkung stattfindenden Aushärtens den nötigen Preßdruck aufrechterhalten.FIG. 4 schematically shows a cold piston extrusion press 11 which feeds a strand 12 into a U-shaped channel 13. At a point in time at which the cold extrusion press executes a return stroke and thus does not advance the strand, a punch 14 is pressed onto the strand under pressure 16. When the strand 12 is advanced further by the cold extrusion press 11 (or also by means of a special drive), the punch 14 is moved further with the strand 12 and thus engages under rollers 15 which are under the action of heat the curing process taking place maintain the necessary pressing pressure.

Am Ende der Aushärtung werden die lückenlos aufeinanderfolgenden Preßstempel 14 vom Strang 12 abgehoben, während der gehärtete und formgepreßte Strang 18 zu einer Sögestation 23 weiterbefördert wird, wo der Strang 18 in die gewünschte Länge für den Palettenfuß 1 abgesagt wird. Durch Drehen um 1800 wird der Palettenfuß in seine Gebrauchsstellung gebracht.At the end of curing, the gaps 14, which follow one another without gaps, are lifted off the strand 12, while the hardened and compression-molded strand 18 is conveyed further to a suction station 23, where the strand 18 is canceled to the desired length for the pallet foot 1. Turning 180 0 pallet is brought to its use position.

Figur 5 zeigt einen Palettenfuß, in dessen Seitenflächen in einem zusätzlichen Arbeitsgang bei noch nicht ausgehärteter Masse eine weitere Verdichtung durch einen Preßstempel mit einer längslaufenden Wulst in Form von Vertiefungen 19 eingeprägt werden, wodurch sich erhabene Ränder 20 bilden.FIG. 5 shows a pallet foot, in the side surfaces of which, in an additional operation with the mass not yet hardened, a further compression is impressed by a press ram with a longitudinal bead in the form of depressions 19, as a result of which raised edges 20 are formed.

In Figur 6 ist anhand eines Querschnittes durch einen Palettenfuß 1 dargestellt, daß an der Ober- und Unterseite eingebrachte Vertiefungen 24 zu einer zusätzlichen Verfestigung des Palettenfußes im Sinne einer erhöhten Biegefestigkeit beitragen. Solche Maßnahmen werden in einem zusätzlichen Arbeitsgang am noch nicht ausgehärteten Palettenfu3 vorgenommen.In FIG. 6 it is shown with the aid of a cross section through a pallet foot 1 that depressions 24 made on the top and underside contribute to an additional strengthening of the pallet foot in the sense of increased bending strength. Such measures are carried out in an additional operation on the not yet hardened pallet foot.

Ebenso ist es möglich, in zusätzlichen Arbeitsgängen am noch nicht ausgehärteten Palettenfuß, gleichgültig ob dieser im Strang oder in der Form gepreßt ist, Kanten rundzuprägen oder unter Verdichtung des Materials abzuschrägen. Dies gilt insbesondere für die Kanten im Hohlkehlenbereich A und im Stegbereich 3 (vgl. Fig. 1).It is also possible, in additional work steps, to emboss the edges of the pallet foot that has not yet hardened, irrespective of whether it is pressed in the strand or in the form, or beveled with compression of the material. This applies in particular to the edges in the fillet area A and in the web area 3 (cf. FIG. 1).

S t U c k l i s t eParts list

  • 1 Palettenfuß1 pallet foot
  • 2 Fußteil2 foot part
  • 3 Stegbereich3 dock area
  • 4 obere Schicht des Palettenfußes4 upper layer of the pallet foot
  • 5 untere Schicht des Palettenfußes5 lower layer of the pallet foot
  • 6 Form6 form
  • 7 feine Kleinteile7 fine small parts
  • 8 grobe Kleinteile8 rough small parts
  • 9 Preßstempel9 ram
  • 10 mit Bindemittel vermischte Kleinteile10 small parts mixed with binder
  • 11 Kaltstrangpresse11 cold extrusion press
  • 12 Strang 13 Kanal12 strands 13 channels
  • 14 Preßstempel14 stamps
  • 15 Rollen15 rolls
  • 16 Druck16 pressure
  • 1717th
  • 18 gehärteter und formgepreßter Strang18 hardened and molded strand
  • 19 Vertiefung19 deepening
  • 20 erhobener Rand20 raised edge
  • 21 Fußteil des Preßstempels21 foot part of the press ram
  • 22 Stegteil des Preßstempels22 web portion of the press ram
  • 23 Sägevorrichtung23 sawing device
  • 24 Vertiefungen24 wells

Claims (8)

1) Palettenfuß aus gepreßten, mit Bindemittel vermischten pflanzlichen Kleinteilen, insbesondere Holzkleinteilen, bestehend aus einem traversenartigen Balken mit vorstehenden Fußteilen, bei dem Teilbereiche zusätzlich verdichtet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die obere Schicht (4) des Palettenfußes (1) aus einem Gemenge mit besonders hohem Anteil feiner Kleinteile, die untere Schicht (5) aus einem Gemenge mit besonders hohem Anteil grober Kleinteile besteht, daß der Palettenfuß an seiner Unterseite und über seine Länge gesehen in regelmäßigen Abständen aufeinanderfolgend Fußteile (2) und flache nach oben verlaufende Einbuchtungen aufweist, die einen Stegbereich (3) bilden, daß Stegteile und Fußteile über Krümmungen ineinander übergehen, und daß die zwischen den Fußteilen (2) befindlichen zurückversetzten Stegbereiche (3) stärker als die übrigen Bereiche des Palettenfu3es (1) verdichtet sind.1) Pallet base made of pressed, mixed with binder vegetable small parts, in particular small wooden parts, consisting of a truss-like beam with protruding foot parts, in which partial areas are additionally compressed, characterized in that the upper layer (4) of the pallet foot (1) from a mixture with particularly high proportion of fine small parts, the lower layer (5) consists of a mixture with a particularly high proportion of coarse small parts, that the bottom of the pallet has base parts (2) and flat indentations running upwards at regular intervals as seen along its length, which form a web area (3), that web parts and foot parts merge into one another via curvatures, and that the recessed web areas (3) located between the foot parts (2) are more densely compressed than the other areas of the pallet foot (1). 2) Verfahren zur Herstellung des Palettenfußes nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine den Umrissen des Palettenfußes angepaßte, schwach keilförmige, hohlkastenartige und einseitig offene Form mit einem Mischmaterial aus feinen und groben Kleinteilen sowie Bindemittel in freiem Fall gefüllt wird, derart, daß sich ein wesentlicher Teil der feinen Kleinteile (7) am Boden der Form ansammeln und die groberen Kleinteile (8) im oberen Bereich verbleiben und daß ein den vorstehenden Fußteilen und den zurückversetzten Stegbereichen (3) des Palettenfußes (1) angepaßter Formstempel in die Form unter Verdichtung des darin befindlichen Materials unter Wärmeeinwirkung eingeführt wird, woraufhin nach dem Härtevorgang der Palettenfuß aus der Form gehoben und um 1800 für die Gebrauchslage gewendet wird.2) Process for the production of the pallet foot according to claim 1, characterized in that a shape adapted to the contours of the pallet foot, weakly wedge-shaped, hollow box-like and open on one side is filled with a mixed material of fine and coarse small parts and binder in such a way that Collect a substantial part of the fine small parts (7) at the bottom of the mold and the coarser small parts (8) remain in the upper area and that one of the protruding foot parts and the recessed web areas (3) of the pallet foot (1) adapted die is inserted into the mold by compressing the material therein under the influence of heat, whereupon after the hardening process the pallet foot is lifted out of the mold and turned by 180 ° for the position of use. 3) Verfahren zur Herstellung des Palettenfußes nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Profilierung des Palettenfußes in einen kaltgepreßten und noch nicht ausgehärteten Strang eingepreßt und danach unter Aufrechterhaltung des Preßdruckes der Strang unter Wärmezufuhr ausgehärtet wird.3) Process for the production of the pallet foot according to claim 1, characterized in that the profiling of the pallet foot is pressed into a cold-pressed and not yet hardened strand and then the strand is hardened with the supply of heat while maintaining the pressing pressure. 4) Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Anschluß an eine Kaltstrangpresse (11) für einen im Querschnitt hochkant-rechteckigen Strang (12) ein den Strang (12) umgreifender U-förmiger Kanal (13) vorgesehen ist, in dessen Bereich lückenlos aufeinanderfolgende Formstempel (14) in den noch deformierbaren Strang (12) eingepreßt werden, wobei die Formstempel (14) mit dem Strang (12) durch eine sich anschließende Preß- und Aushärtestrecke (15) bis zu einer Entformungsstation (17) geführt sind, an welche sich eine Sägevorrichtung (23) für die Zerteilung des Stranges in die einzelnen Palettenfüße anschließt.4) Device for carrying out the method according to claim 3, characterized in that a U-shaped channel (13) encompassing the strand (12) is provided in connection with a cold extrusion press (11) for a strand (12) having an upright rectangular cross section , in the area of which successive form punches (14) are pressed into the still deformable strand (12), the form stamps (14) with the strand (12) through a subsequent pressing and curing section (15) to a demolding station (17 ) are guided, which is followed by a sawing device (23) for dividing the strand into the individual pallet feet. 5) Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß mindestens eine Vertiefung in die obenliegende Fläche und/oder in die Fußunterfläche des noch nicht ausgehärteten Palettenfußes eingeprägt wird.5) Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one depression is embossed in the upper surface and / or in the lower foot surface of the not yet hardened pallet foot. 6) Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2,3, und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß in die Seitenflächen des noch nicht ausgehärteten Palettenfußes Vertiefungen eingeprägt werden.6) Method according to one of claims 2,3, and 5, characterized in that depressions are embossed in the side surfaces of the not yet hardened pallet foot. 7) Verfahren noch einem der Ansprüche 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß für die groben Kleinteile bevorzugt länglich geformte Späne, die z.B. durch einen Messerringszerspaner hergestellt werden, verwendet werden.7) Method according to one of claims 2 and 3, characterized in that for the coarse small parts preferably elongated chips, e.g. manufactured by a knife ring chipper can be used. 8) Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2,3 und 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß in einem zusätzlichen Arbeitsschritt Kanten, insbesondere im zurückversetzten Stegbereich des noch nicht ausghärteten Palettenfußes unter zusätzlicher Verdichtung abgerundet oder abgeschrägt werden.8) Method according to one of claims 2, 3 and 5 to 7, characterized in that edges, in particular in the recessed web area of the not yet hardened pallet base, are rounded or beveled with additional compaction in an additional working step.
EP81106948A 1980-09-22 1981-09-04 Pallet-support and method of producing the same Expired EP0048367B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81106948T ATE13853T1 (en) 1980-09-22 1981-09-04 PALLET CARRIER AND PROCESS FOR ITS MANUFACTURE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3035701 1980-09-22
DE3035701A DE3035701C2 (en) 1980-09-22 1980-09-22 Pallet base and process for its manufacture

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EP0048367A1 true EP0048367A1 (en) 1982-03-31
EP0048367B1 EP0048367B1 (en) 1985-06-19

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US (1) US4385564A (en)
EP (1) EP0048367B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE13853T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3035701C2 (en)
DK (1) DK153063C (en)
ES (1) ES8404909A1 (en)
FI (1) FI67341C (en)
NO (1) NO152600C (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK418481A (en) 1982-03-23
DK153063B (en) 1988-06-13
NO813014L (en) 1982-03-23
NO152600C (en) 1985-10-23
FI812938L (en) 1982-03-23
DE3035701C2 (en) 1982-12-23
ES505653A0 (en) 1984-05-16
NO152600B (en) 1985-07-15
ES8404909A1 (en) 1984-05-16
ATE13853T1 (en) 1985-07-15
DK153063C (en) 1988-12-19
FI67341C (en) 1985-03-11
DE3171030D1 (en) 1985-07-25
EP0048367B1 (en) 1985-06-19
DE3035701A1 (en) 1982-04-08
FI67341B (en) 1984-11-30
US4385564A (en) 1983-05-31

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