EP0046942B1 - Insulation of inclined roofs - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Insulation of pitched roofs against sound and heat, consisting of roof girders, insulating layers (1, 3) with an incorporated impermeable layer (2), a roof support and a roof skin, characterized in that the impermeable layer (2) arranged between two insulating layers (1, 3) has a water vapour diffusion resistance index of < 1,000 and in that - in the direction of the temeprature and/or humidity gradient as viewed from the inside to the outside - the outer insulating layer (3) is thicker.

Description

The invention relates to the insulation of inclined roofs against sound and heat, consisting of roof racks, insulation layers with an incorporated barrier layer, roof skin support and roof skin. For economic reasons, more and more lightweight constructions are used, which mostly have to be isolated due to the high environmental pollution and the energy shortage. This applies particularly to steep roofs when the floor space is intended for people to stay.

So-called taxiways are known which consist of an aluminum foil extending between the rafters, which in turn is provided with a mineral wool covering outside the fastening area.

These runways have the disadvantage that the good thermal insulation between the rafters usually no longer applies to the rafters area. In addition, the sound is hardly retained, causing the rooms below to lose their living quality.

Furthermore, a sandwich panel is mainly known for floor installation, in which a reflective foil, for example made of aluminum-vaporized polyethylene or aluminum foil, is arranged between two insulating panels.

The reflection of heat or cold is given as an advantage. It is obvious that the described reflective film does not allow water vapor to pass through. If such a sandwich panel was installed in a pitched roof, water damage to the construction and a consequent reduction in the thermal insulation effect would certainly not be completely avoidable.

The invention has for its object to find insulation that adequately insulates the airborne sound and at the same time maintains the full use of the insulation properties of the fabrics in all conspicuous weather conditions.

The object is achieved in that the barrier layer arranged between two insulation layers has a water vapor diffusion resistance number <1000 and that - seen in the direction of the temperature or moisture gradient from the inside to the outside - the outer insulation layer is thicker.

It is surprising to the person skilled in the art that with the installation of such an element with an internal lock, the sound can be reduced by almost 10 dB without the thermal insulation suffering.

Harmful condensation does not occur with the temperature or humidity gradients that occur in our climate in residential buildings if the thickness of the outer layer is correspondingly greater. On the other hand, due to the low diffusion resistance, water vapor is hardly prevented from migrating through the insulation element, so that the insulation materials do not become damp.

In a special embodiment, the outer insulation layer is made of mineral fiber at an internal temperature of 20 ° C or 50% relative humidity and an outside temperature of -100e or 80% relative humidity and an inner insulation layer made of mineral fiber up to a maximum thickness of 15 cm at least 1 cm thick.

The arrangement of a barrier layer, for example made of blocked polyisocyanate film, between two layers of mineral fiber has the advantage that the insulating element has a high protective function against fire, despite the insertion of plastic.

In a further embodiment, at an internal temperature of 20De or 50% relative air humidity and an outside temperature of -10'C or 80% relative air humidity and an inner insulation layer made of polyurethane foam with a diffusion resistance number g = 80 up to a maximum thickness of 15 cm, the outer insulation layer made of polyurethane is at least 6 cm thick.

When using polyurethane, which can also be open-pore, no moisture escapes under the above conditions, so that the low thermal conductivity of the polyurethane can be fully utilized.

Of course, all known insulation materials, u. a. Polystyrene, glass fiber, rock wool, etc. can be used, whereby the layers of an insulating element can be glued together in the factory.

This considerably simplifies assembly.

An embodiment is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. It shows

Fig. 1 section through insulation.

In Fig. 1, a barrier layer 2 made of polyisocyanate is arranged on a lower insulation layer, which in turn is covered by a somewhat thicker upper insulation layer 3.

Claims (3)

1. Insulation of pitched roofs against sound and heat, consisting of roof girders, insulating layers (1, 3) with an incorporated impermeable layer (2), a roof support and a roof skin, characterized in that the impermeable layer (2) arranged between two insulating layers (1, 3) has a water vapour diffusion resistance index of < 1,000 and in that - in the direction of the temperature and/or humidity gradient as viewed from the inside to the outside - the outer insulating layer (3) is thicker.

2. Insulation according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of an interior temperature of 20°C or 50% relative atmospheric humidity and an external temperature of -10°C or 80% relative atmospheric humidity and an inner insulating layer (1) or mineral fibre of up to a maximum thickness of 15 cm the outer insulating layer (3) of mineral fibre is at least 1 cm thicker.

3. Insulation according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of an interior temperature of 20° C or 50% relative atmospheric humidity and an external temperature of -10°C or 80% relative atmospheric humidity and an inner insulating layer (1) of polyurethane foam having a diffusion resistance index µ = 80 and a maximum thickness of up to 15 cm the outer insulating layer (3) of polyurethane is at least 6 cm thick.

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