EP0046826A1 - A method of drying and hot briquetting of cast iron particles - Google Patents
A method of drying and hot briquetting of cast iron particles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0046826A1 EP0046826A1 EP80302952A EP80302952A EP0046826A1 EP 0046826 A1 EP0046826 A1 EP 0046826A1 EP 80302952 A EP80302952 A EP 80302952A EP 80302952 A EP80302952 A EP 80302952A EP 0046826 A1 EP0046826 A1 EP 0046826A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- furnace
- carbon
- cast iron
- briquettes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/32—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars
- B30B9/327—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars for briquetting scrap metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
Definitions
- This invention relates to an apparatus for and a method of drying and hot briquetting of metallic particles whether ferrous or non-ferrous.
- any moisture which the particles contain is vapourised and driven off as steam.
- the percentage by weight of oil may vary enormously and the combustion of the vapourised oil does of course require some of the oxygen in the atmosphere of the furnace.
- the atmosphere of the furnace is desirably a reducing atmosphere in order to prevent oxidisation of the carbon in the particles as oxidisation of the carbon in the chips reduces the carbon content of the resulting briquettes below that which is desirable in subsequent use. Attempts have been made to control the air flow to the furnace to ensure that at all times the furnace atmosphere is a reducing atmosphere but difficulties have been encountered in providing adequate control and some carbon oxidation usually occurs.
- hot briquetting apparatus for ferrous or non-ferrous metallic particles is characterised in that it comprises means for adding carbon to the particles prior to their supply to the furnace.
- the carbon is preferably supplied in the form of a powder, preferably, 0 to 3 mm grade.
- the addition of the carbon to the metallic particles prior to their supply to the furnace has the advantage of increasing the carbon content in the final briquettes whatever the original carbon content and whatever the atmosphere in the furnace and has the second advantage that the additional carbon supplied tends to limit the free carbon atoms in the particles from being oxidised should the atmosphere in the furnace be an oxidising atmosphere.
- the carbon added is up to 1% by weight of the weight of the particles.
- Hot briquetting apparatus in accordance with this invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a side view showing the general arrangement of the apparatus.
- the hot briquetting apparatus shown in the drawing is capable of producing 5,000 kilos per hour of hot briquetted cast iron particles.
- the chips 1 are loaded into a particle loading hopper 2 by a loading crane 3 and fall into a vibratory screen 4 where tramp particles are removed; the chute through which the tramp particles fall off is denoted at 5.
- the particles leave the vibratory screen 4 by falling onto a conveyor 6 which convey the particles to a large storage hopper 7, capable of holding 130,000 kilos of particles.
- the particles fall from the hopper 7 through a manual operated feed control gate 8 onto another conveyor 9 which feeds the particles to a small supply hopper 10.
- the particles are fed out of the bottom of the supply hopper 10 into a screw feeder 11.
- the screw feeder 11 comprises a horizontal tube 12 containing an Archimedian screw driven at a variable speed.
- carbon powder is metered into the tube 12 at a controlled rate.
- the feed tube 12 supplies the particles with carbon powder to the lower chamber 14 of a furnace 15 which functions to burn off oils in the particles and to drive off moisture.
- the furnace 15 contains an upper chamber 16 in which combustion of vapourised oil takes place and from which gases are exhausted into a gas stack 17.
- the dried and heated particles fall from the lower chamber of the furnace through a discharge chute 18 into a briquetting press 19 of conventional construction.
- the briquettes fall from the press 19 onto an output conveyor 20 and are then supplied to a briquette stewing conveyor 21 which feeds them to a store.
- the particles 1 as originally supplied are less than 3/8 of an inch mesh.
- the carbon added is carbon 99 of 0 to 3 mm diameter of up to 1% by weight of the particles.
- the particles entering the furnace are encapsulated in carbon powder.
- the carbon content of the final briquettes would be from 2.8 to 3.2% on furnace re-melt.
- the additional injection of carbon changes the carbon content of the briquettes on furnace re-melt to 3.5% to 4% for example.
- the density of the finally produced briquettes is typically 80 to 84% of the engineering quality iron grade 14.
- the radial crush strength of a typical briquette is 1,200 to 1,500 kg/cm.
- the breaking load of such a typical briquette is 6,500 to 7,800 kg.
- the entry point of the carbon to the apparatus is shown at 13 but could be anywhere in the apparatus.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
- Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to an apparatus for and a method of drying and hot briquetting of metallic particles whether ferrous or non-ferrous.
- Within the last few years, apparatus has been devised for hot briquetting of cast iron particles such as borings. In this apparatus particles of cast iron produced for example when cast iron is machined (such borings are often known as "chips") are fed to a furnace where they are heated to the temperature at which they are plastic but not to the temperature at which they melt. Supply means are normally provided for supplying the cast iron particles to the furnace at a controlled rate and generally the apparatus also includes a vibratory screen for vibrating the cast iron particles prior to their supply to the furnace to remove undesired (tramp) particles. The hot particles are discharged from the furnace to a press where they are compacted into briquettes. The briquettes thus produced are sold to a manufacture of cast iron and are normally re-melted in a cupola or an arc or induction furnace to produce foundry castings.
- In the furnace any moisture which the particles contain is vapourised and driven off as steam. Further, any oil which the chips contain also vapourises and is burnt or driven off. The percentage by weight of oil may vary enormously and the combustion of the vapourised oil does of course require some of the oxygen in the atmosphere of the furnace. The atmosphere of the furnace is desirably a reducing atmosphere in order to prevent oxidisation of the carbon in the particles as oxidisation of the carbon in the chips reduces the carbon content of the resulting briquettes below that which is desirable in subsequent use. Attempts have been made to control the air flow to the furnace to ensure that at all times the furnace atmosphere is a reducing atmosphere but difficulties have been encountered in providing adequate control and some carbon oxidation usually occurs. This problem is aggravated due to the mechanical handling of the particles by the supply means and the vibratory screen as the mechanical handling of the particles tends to remove the free carbon atoms from the particles reducing the overall carbon content of the particles. In practice, the final user of the briquettes prefers a minimum carbon level in the briquettes.
- It is an object of this invention to provide hot briquetting apparatus for metallic particles which allieviates the problem described above.
- According to this invention, hot briquetting apparatus for ferrous or non-ferrous metallic particles is characterised in that it comprises means for adding carbon to the particles prior to their supply to the furnace.
- The carbon is preferably supplied in the form of a powder, preferably, 0 to 3 mm grade.
- The addition of the carbon to the metallic particles prior to their supply to the furnace has the advantage of increasing the carbon content in the final briquettes whatever the original carbon content and whatever the atmosphere in the furnace and has the second advantage that the additional carbon supplied tends to limit the free carbon atoms in the particles from being oxidised should the atmosphere in the furnace be an oxidising atmosphere.
- Preferably, the carbon added is up to 1% by weight of the weight of the particles.
- Hot briquetting apparatus in accordance with this invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a side view showing the general arrangement of the apparatus.
- The hot briquetting apparatus shown in the drawing is capable of producing 5,000 kilos per hour of hot briquetted cast iron particles.
- Referring to the drawing, the chips 1 are loaded into a particle loading hopper 2 by a loading crane 3 and fall into a vibratory screen 4 where tramp particles are removed; the chute through which the tramp particles fall off is denoted at 5. The particles leave the vibratory screen 4 by falling onto a conveyor 6 which convey the particles to a large storage hopper 7, capable of holding 130,000 kilos of particles. The particles fall from the hopper 7 through a manual operated
feed control gate 8 onto anotherconveyor 9 which feeds the particles to asmall supply hopper 10. The particles are fed out of the bottom of the supply hopper 10 into a screw feeder 11. The screw feeder 11 comprises ahorizontal tube 12 containing an Archimedian screw driven at a variable speed. At aninlet point 13, carbon powder is metered into thetube 12 at a controlled rate. Thefeed tube 12 supplies the particles with carbon powder to the lower chamber 14 of afurnace 15 which functions to burn off oils in the particles and to drive off moisture. Thefurnace 15 contains anupper chamber 16 in which combustion of vapourised oil takes place and from which gases are exhausted into agas stack 17. - The dried and heated particles fall from the lower chamber of the furnace through a
discharge chute 18 into a briquettingpress 19 of conventional construction. The briquettes fall from thepress 19 onto anoutput conveyor 20 and are then supplied to a briquette stewing conveyor 21 which feeds them to a store. - The particles 1 as originally supplied are less than 3/8 of an inch mesh. The carbon added is carbon 99 of 0 to 3 mm diameter of up to 1% by weight of the particles.
- The particles entering the furnace are encapsulated in carbon powder.
- Without the additional supply of carbon, the carbon content of the final briquettes would be from 2.8 to 3.2% on furnace re-melt. The additional injection of carbon changes the carbon content of the briquettes on furnace re-melt to 3.5% to 4% for example.
-
- The density of the finally produced briquettes is typically 80 to 84% of the engineering quality iron grade 14. The radial crush strength of a typical briquette is 1,200 to 1,500 kg/cm. The breaking load of such a typical briquette is 6,500 to 7,800 kg.
- The entry point of the carbon to the apparatus is shown at 13 but could be anywhere in the apparatus.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP80302952A EP0046826B1 (en) | 1980-08-26 | 1980-08-26 | A method of drying and hot briquetting of cast iron particles |
AT80302952T ATE12738T1 (en) | 1980-08-26 | 1980-08-26 | PROCESS FOR DRYING AND HOT PRESSING OF CAST IRON PARTICLE BRIQUETTES. |
DE8080302952T DE3070512D1 (en) | 1980-08-26 | 1980-08-26 | A method of drying and hot briquetting of cast iron particles |
NO812883A NO812883L (en) | 1980-08-26 | 1981-08-25 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HEAT BREAKING METAL PARTICLES. |
JP56133932A JPS5773102A (en) | 1980-08-26 | 1981-08-26 | Device and method for metal particle drying and heat pressure bulky formation |
FI812632A FI812632L (en) | 1980-08-26 | 1981-08-26 | ANCHORING OVERFLOWER FOR TORKNING OR CHARMING METALS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP80302952A EP0046826B1 (en) | 1980-08-26 | 1980-08-26 | A method of drying and hot briquetting of cast iron particles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0046826A1 true EP0046826A1 (en) | 1982-03-10 |
EP0046826B1 EP0046826B1 (en) | 1985-04-17 |
Family
ID=8187248
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80302952A Expired EP0046826B1 (en) | 1980-08-26 | 1980-08-26 | A method of drying and hot briquetting of cast iron particles |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0046826B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5773102A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE12738T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3070512D1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI812632L (en) |
NO (1) | NO812883L (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2553913Y2 (en) * | 1991-07-17 | 1997-11-12 | 日東電工株式会社 | Wound body of adhesive tape |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2252697A (en) * | 1940-02-01 | 1941-08-19 | Minerals And Metals Corp | Manufacture of metal products |
US2457861A (en) * | 1943-05-14 | 1949-01-04 | Brassert & Co | Method of manufacturing metal products |
GB1210856A (en) * | 1967-07-31 | 1970-11-04 | Aerojet General Co | Powder metallurgy process |
-
1980
- 1980-08-26 AT AT80302952T patent/ATE12738T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-08-26 EP EP80302952A patent/EP0046826B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-26 DE DE8080302952T patent/DE3070512D1/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-08-25 NO NO812883A patent/NO812883L/en unknown
- 1981-08-26 FI FI812632A patent/FI812632L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-08-26 JP JP56133932A patent/JPS5773102A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2252697A (en) * | 1940-02-01 | 1941-08-19 | Minerals And Metals Corp | Manufacture of metal products |
US2457861A (en) * | 1943-05-14 | 1949-01-04 | Brassert & Co | Method of manufacturing metal products |
GB1210856A (en) * | 1967-07-31 | 1970-11-04 | Aerojet General Co | Powder metallurgy process |
DE1758714A1 (en) * | 1967-07-31 | 1971-02-11 | Aerojet General Co | Process for powder metallurgy |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO812883L (en) | 1982-03-01 |
DE3070512D1 (en) | 1985-05-23 |
FI812632L (en) | 1982-02-27 |
EP0046826B1 (en) | 1985-04-17 |
JPS5773102A (en) | 1982-05-07 |
ATE12738T1 (en) | 1985-05-15 |
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