EP0045047B1 - Method and apparatus for making a heat-insulated hollow block - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for making a heat-insulated hollow block Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045047B1
EP0045047B1 EP81105767A EP81105767A EP0045047B1 EP 0045047 B1 EP0045047 B1 EP 0045047B1 EP 81105767 A EP81105767 A EP 81105767A EP 81105767 A EP81105767 A EP 81105767A EP 0045047 B1 EP0045047 B1 EP 0045047B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chambers
proportioning
mold
filling
mineral fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81105767A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0045047A1 (en
Inventor
Engelberting.Vdi Adams
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19813122087 external-priority patent/DE3122087C2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81105767T priority Critical patent/ATE14330T1/en
Publication of EP0045047A1 publication Critical patent/EP0045047A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0045047B1 publication Critical patent/EP0045047B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/042—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material
    • B28B11/043—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material filling cavities or chambers of hollow blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/04—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers
    • B28B11/042—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for coating or applying engobing layers with insulating material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
    • E04B2002/0293—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material solid material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a heat-insulating hollow block according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for performing this method.
  • Such hollow blocks filled with an inorganic fiber material can be carried out, for example, using gravity by pouring them in, by blowing in with compressed air or by flushing them with a liquid (DE-A-2 532 873).
  • the hollow blocks manufactured according to the previously known method and filled with a fibrous insulating material have the disadvantage that the degree of filling of the introduced fibrous insulating material is subject to relatively large fluctuations, so that the hollow blocks produced in this way differ greatly in terms of their thermal insulation properties.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing the known method for producing hollow block stones filled with inorganic fiber material. that the hollow blocks produced in this way have consistently good thermal insulation properties.
  • the hollow block 1 shown has the usual design in that it has any number of chambers 2 provided in any arrangement, which are open on both sides and separated from one another by walls 3.
  • the hollow block 1 is provided with an integrated thermal insulation in that its chambers 2 are filled with mineral fibers 4, which have flake and / or granulate form and are prefabricated by comminuting them from a mineral fiber fleece, a felt or a mat.
  • the mineral fiber filling 4 contained in each of the stone chambers 2 is basically arranged here in a loose state, the individual mineral fibers 4 adhering to one another and to the chamber walls 3.
  • the mineral fiber filling 9 is closed or sealed in the region of the respective open upper and lower chamber ends by a thin material layer 5 applied, for example by spraying, which consists of an adhesive, a slurry of cement with a low alkali content or can consist of a gypsum slurry, etc.
  • Fig. 2 to 6 The apparent from Fig. 2 to 6 method for producing the described, with the integrier th thermal insulation provided hollow block 1 is that the crushed mineral fibers prefabricated in the manner mentioned removed from a supply in a metered amount and then simultaneously introduced from above into all chambers 2 of the hollow block 1.
  • the number of hollow blocks 1 to be filled in each case is such that the mineral fibers 4 are simultaneously introduced into the chambers 2 of a plurality of hollow blocks 1 arranged next to one another in rows.
  • a process step upstream of the process can consist in that the mineral fibers 4 are prefabricated by comminution from a mineral fiber fleece, a felt or a mat and loosened accordingly.
  • the introduction of the mineral fibers 4 into the chambers 2 of the hollow block or blocks 1, which in the embodiment shown is carried out mechanically by a tamping process, can be repeated at least once, as desired and required.
  • the last process step consists in simultaneously spraying the mineral fiber filling 4 introduced into the stone chambers 2 in the region of the open chamber ends with a material adhering to it, preferably an adhesive or a slurry of cement with a low alkali content or gypsum, whereby the hollow blocks 1 in the manner shown in FIG. 6, since they also have chamber ends open on the underside in the exemplary embodiment shown, have previously been raised in order to be able to carry out the spraying process from below.
  • a material adhering to it preferably an adhesive or a slurry of cement with a low alkali content or gypsum
  • the device for carrying out the described method which can be seen in detail from FIGS. 1 to 6, has at least one pallet 6, a dosage form 7 and a stuffing stamp 8.
  • the pallet 6 can be moved on a horizontal push track 9, which consists of two rails running at a parallel distance, up to the stuffing ram 8 and has such a surface that it has at least two adjacent rows of Hohibiock stones, in the illustrated embodiment, each with four adjacent hollow blocks 1 formed, can accommodate.
  • the dosage form 7 is arranged in a stationary manner above the stone chambers 2 and serves to receive a metered amount of mineral fiber to be entered from above, which is then discharged from the lower end of the dosage form 7 into the stone chambers 2 which are aligned therewith.
  • the dosage form 7 has through openings 10 open on the upper and lower sides, which are separated from one another by individual walls 11 and, in terms of number and horizontal section formation, correspond to the chambers 2 arranged below that of the eight hollow block stones 1 located on pallet 6.
  • the cross-sectional design of the individual through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 is such that the cross-sectional areas of the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 are slightly smaller than those of the stone chambers 2, as can be seen in detail from FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • the height of the dosage form 7 is adapted to the desired degree of stuffing of the mineral fiber filling 4 to be introduced into the stone chambers 2. This means that the filling level of the dosage form 7 is greater, the higher the desired degree of stuffing of the mineral fiber filling 4 in the stone chambers 2.
  • Laterally adjustable vibrators 12 are assigned to the dosage form 7 in order to be able to carry out the desired fine metering when or after filling the dosage form 7 with the metered amount of mineral fibers.
  • the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 can be closed on the underside by a drawing plate 13, which can be moved from the position according to FIG. 2 in the direction of arrow 14 into the position according to FIG. 3, in which it is in a gap 15 formed between the top of the hollow block stones 1 and the bottom of the dosage form 7 or its through opening 10 is retracted.
  • the stuffing plunger 8 is arranged in vertical alignment above the hollow blocks 1 or above the dosage form 7 and can be moved up and down in such a way that it passes through the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 with stuffing fingers 16 in its stuffing position according to FIG. 4 or 5 and into the stone chambers 2 engages.
  • the darning fingers 16 which are attached on the underside of a holding plate 17 of the darning plunger 8 and protrude downward from there, correspond in number, arrangement and horizontal section design to the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 or the stone chambers 2, the training in detail is made such that the cross-sectional areas of the stop fingers 16 - just like those of the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 - are slightly smaller than those of the stone chambers 2 and, moreover, can pass through the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 largely without a space.
  • the respective size ratios of the above-mentioned cross-sectional areas of the stone chambers 2, stop fingers 16 and through openings 10 can be seen particularly clearly from FIG.
  • a storage container 18 for prefabricated comminuted mineral fibers 4a is arranged to the side of the stuffing ram 8, and the dosage form 7 can be loaded with a metered amount of mineral fibers 4b from its lower open end 19 - see FIG. 3.
  • a separate, top and bottom open filling car 20 is provided, which can be moved horizontally in the direction of arrow 21 between a filling position shown in FIG. 2 below the discharge end 19 of the storage container 18 and an emptying position shown in FIG. 3 above the dosage form 7 is.
  • the filling car 20 is movable on the top of the striking plate 22, which is attached to the dosage form 7 and horizontally therefrom protrudes in the direction of the storage container 18 so that this striking plate 22, together with the top of the dosage form 7, not only serves as a slideway for the filling car 20, but also simultaneously closes the open underside of the filling car 20 when it is in its filling position according to is located below the storage container 18.
  • the filling car 20 also has a closing plate 23 which extends horizontally in the same direction as the striking plate 22 of the dosage form 7 and which, in the manner shown in FIG. 3, has the lower discharge end 19 of the storage container 18 when the filling trolley 20 is in the emptying position above the dosage form 7 closes.
  • a spray device 24 is also provided, which is arranged in the path of movement of the pallet 6 behind the storage container 18 and consists of a downwardly projecting feed pipe 25 and two spray pipes 26 projecting horizontally therefrom at a parallel distance from one another. 27, which have spray nozzles 28 facing each other.
  • the spray tubes 26, 27 are arranged at a distance from one another which is correspondingly greater than the height of the hollow blocks 1, so that these hollow blocks 1 can be sprayed with the appropriate hardenable material layer 5 on the top and bottom sides around the open ends of the filled stone chambers 2 to close or seal.
  • a lifting device in the form of a clamp 29 on both sides is provided, which can grip the hollow blocks 1 sitting on the pallet 6 and raise them to a suitable height.
  • the spray device 24 can be moved transversely to the path of movement of the pallet 6, so that it can be moved over the top and bottom of the hollow blocks 1 when the hollow blocks 1 are lifted by means of the clamp 29 and can then be put into operation.
  • the drawing plate 13 and the filling car 20 run back, so that on the one hand the filling car 20 is again fully loaded with mineral fibers 4a via the lower discharge end 19 of the storage container 18 and on the other hand the through openings 10 of the Dosage form 7 are open on the underside and thus allow access of the metered amount of mineral fibers 4b to the chambers 2 of the hollow blocks 1.
  • this first tamping process according to FIG. 4 can be followed by a second tamping process according to FIG. 5 as well as possibly further tamping processes, whereby it is also possible to dose the dosage form 7 again with another before the second and further tamping process To feed mineral fiber amount 4b, as indicated in Fig.5.
  • the pallet 6 is moved together with the hollow blocks 1 on the push path 9 to the spray device 24 according to FIG. 6, which is at this time outside the path of movement of the pallet 6.
  • the spray device 24 is moved transversely to the path of movement of the pallet 6 in such a way that the upper spray tube 26 the top of the hollow blocks 1 and the lower spray tube 27 the underside of the hollow blocks 1, each at a distance from it, sweeps.
  • the top and bottom of the hollow blocks are sprayed with the adhesive 5, for example, so that after their solidification, the respective ones End faces of the mineral fiber filling 4 located in the stone chambers 2 are sealed.
  • the hollow blocks 1 provided with the integrated thermal insulation are then transported on for final storage.
  • the method for introducing the mineral fibers 4 into the stone chambers 2 is carried out pneumatically, namely by using excess pressure.
  • This method is described below using the device provided for carrying out the method.
  • this device basically has a movable holding device 106 for the hollow blocks 1, a dosage form 107 that can be filled with a metered amount of mineral fiber 4b from above, and an insertion device 108 for introducing the mineral fibers 4b from the dosage form 107 into the stone chambers 2.
  • the movable stone holding device is designed as a clamping frame 106 - similar to the clamp 29 in the previously described embodiment - which serves to lift the entirety of the hollow blocks to be filled with the mineral fibers 4, for example, from the pallet 6, during the filling process in a certain raised position to hold and then, after the subsequent spraying with adhesive 5 or the like, set it down again on the pallet 6.
  • the dosage form 107 is not arranged stationary over the stone chambers 2 to be filled, but can be moved horizontally between the lower discharge end 119 of the storage container 118 designed as a filling box and the top of the stone. Otherwise, the dosage form 107, however, has a similar or corresponding design to the previously described dosage form 7, in such a way that vibrators 112 which can be adjusted laterally in the manner shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 are assigned to it and that it has through openings 110 which are located on the top and bottom are open and separated from each other by individual walls 111. However, these walls 111 are arranged so as to run obliquely that the through openings 110 of the dosage form 107 are conically tapered, their smallest cross section at the lower outlet end corresponding maximally to the cross section of the associated hollow block chamber 2 concerned.
  • the dosage form 107 is assigned the drawing plate 113, which can close or open the through openings 110 on the underside and can accordingly be moved from the fault according to FIG. Or 9 in the direction of arrow 114 into the case according to FIG. 10 or 11, wherein 10 in the position pulled away from the dosage form 107 according to FIG. 10, the gap 115 between the top of the hollow blocks 1 and the bottom of the dosage form 107 is released.
  • the movable filling car 20 of the previously described embodiment is completely omitted, with the stationary storage container 118 being designed as a filling box in the embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 11, as already mentioned.
  • the filling box 118 is filled from the outset only with such a - metered - amount of mineral fibers 4b which the dosage form 107 is able to accommodate.
  • the filling box 118 is filled from the outset only with such a - metered - amount of mineral fibers 4b which the dosage form 107 is able to accommodate.
  • a horizontally displaceable filling belt 130 can be assigned to the filling box 118, which transports the prefabricated, shredded mineral fibers from a silo 131 and thus during the filling of the filling box 118 at a controlled speed from one end of the filling box 118 is moved to the other end, that the filling box 118 is filled at an approximately uniform height with the metered amount of mineral fibers 4b.
  • a horizontally reciprocating distribution grate 133 by means of a vibrating drive 132 can be provided at or near the lower end of the filling box 118, so that when the dosed are discharged Mineral fiber quantity 4b from the filling box 118 into the dosage form 107, all of which openings 110 are filled uniformly with an equal quantity of mineral fibers 4b.
  • the introduction device 108 is designed as a hood which is open on the underside and can be acted upon with compressed air, which can be moved vertically up and down and accordingly can be placed on the top of the dosage form 107.
  • This compressed air hood 108 is provided with a compressed air connection 134, which comes from a compressed air source (not shown in more detail) and opens into the center of the compressed air hood 108, but - as shown only in FIG. 11 - can also be connected to corresponding compressed air branching pipes 134 if one is modified Embodiment, the interior of the compressed air hood 108 is divided into individual chambers 135, the number of which corresponds to that of the through openings 110 of the dosage form 107 or the stone chambers 2 to be acted upon.
  • the underside of the hollow blocks 2 can be closed by a grid 136, which forms the end of an upward-facing lower hood 137, which likewise has a pipe connection 138 in the center and can be acted upon by excess pressure or vacuum in its interior.
  • This lower hood 137 can also be moved vertically up and down.
  • the dosage form 107 which is closed on the underside by the drawing plate 113 and stands under the filling box 118, has been filled out of the latter with the metered amount of mineral fiber 4b, the filling box 118 itself having only been filled with such a quantity of mineral fiber 4b, which the dosage form 107 was able to accommodate.
  • the dosage form 107 filled with the mineral fiber flakes 4b is then moved together with the drawing plate 113 closing its underside from the position according to FIG. To the position according to FIG. 9, in which its through openings 110 are exactly aligned with the open stone chambers 2.
  • the drawing plate 113 is pulled from the closed position according to FIG. 9 in the direction of arrow 114 into the position according to FIG. 10, so that the through openings 110 of the dosage form 107 become open on the underside.
  • the upper hood 108 is moved vertically downwards in the manner shown in FIG. 11 in the direction of the dosage form 107, in such a way that the dosage form 107, which is preferably spring-suspended for this purpose, is pressed onto the hollow block stones 1 so that the intermediate block 1 -
  • the underside of the dosage form 107 and the top of the hollow block 1 formed gap 115 only has an order of magnitude of about 1 to 2 mm.
  • the lower hood 137 is moved upward, so that its grating 136 closes the underside of the hollow blocks 1.
  • the inside of the upper hood 108 is pressurized with compressed air via the pressure connection 134, so that the mineral fiber quantity 4b located in the dosage form 107 is inevitably pressed pneumatically into the stone chambers 2, i. H. is introduced by blowing.
  • This pneumatic insertion process can be carried out with a reliable function, since on the one hand the upper hood 108 sits relatively close to the top of the dosage form 107 and on the other hand.
  • the minimal gap 115 still present between the underside of the dosage form 107 and the top of the hollow blocks 1 represents a kind of relief gap which counteracts an excessive build-up of the excess pressure and at the same time enables the necessary removal of excess compressed air.
  • the grille 136 which closes the underside of the hollow block stones 1 during the insertion process serves both to prevent the mineral wool 4b from being discharged from the lower ends of the stone chambers 2 and to allow any excess compressed air to be removed.
  • the lower hood 137 can be subjected to a more or less strong vacuum via its air connection 138.
  • Vacuum is relieved and moved vertically away from the dosage form 107 or the hollow blocks 1, so that they assume the position shown in FIG. 10 again.
  • the lower hood 137 can then be pressurized with compressed air via the connection 138, in order in this way to clean both the lower hood 137 and the grid 136 of mineral fiber flakes 4b.
  • the dosage form 107 can now be moved to the position according to FIG. 8 for a new filling process, in which its underside is closed by the drawing plate 113 still located there, but its top is connected to the lower discharge end 119 of the filling box 118.
  • the hollow block stones filled with the mineral fibers 4b are now moved back to the pallet 6 by the tensioning frame 106 from the position according to FIG. 11, but are sprayed on the way there from above and below by the spray device 124 according to FIG. 12, which corresponds to the spray device 24 6 corresponds and also has two spray pipes 126, 127 which are arranged at a horizontal distance and are connected by a feed pipe 125 and which are provided with spray nozzles 128 facing one another. From these spray nozzles 128 of the spray device 124, which can be moved in a corresponding manner, the filled hollow block stones are then sprayed on the top and bottom with a hardenable material layer 5, preferably an adhesive, in order to prevent the mineral fibers 4b from accidentally falling out of the stone chambers 2.
  • a hardenable material layer 5 preferably an adhesive
  • the hollow blocks 1 treated in this way are again placed on the pallet 6 by the clamping frame 106, for example, so that they can have the design and position shown in FIG. 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines wärmedämmenden Hohlblocksteins gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for producing a heat-insulating hollow block according to the preamble of claim 1 and an apparatus for performing this method.

Im Hinblick auf die zunehmend steigenden Energiekosten besteht der Wunsch nach Baumaterialien mit sehr guten Wärmedämmeigenschaften. Aus diesem Grund ist es bereits bekannt (FR-A-2 201 377, FR-A-1 588 901 und DE-A-1 784364), die Kammern von Hohlblocksteinen mit einem Isoliermaterial. beispielsweise anorganischem Fasermaterial, zu füllen. Aus der DE-A 1 784 364 ist es zudem bekannt, dann die derart gefüllten Kammern nach außen hin beispielsweise durch Aufsprühen eines fließfähigen Kunststoffes zu verschließen.In view of the increasing energy costs, there is a desire for building materials with very good thermal insulation properties. For this reason, it is already known (FR-A-2 201 377, FR-A-1 588 901 and DE-A-1 784364), the chambers of hollow blocks with an insulating material. for example, inorganic fiber material to fill. From DE-A 1 784 364 it is also known to then close the chambers filled in this way to the outside, for example by spraying on a flowable plastic.

Die Herstellung derartiger mit einem anorganischen Fasermaterial gefüllter Hohlblocksteine kann dabei beispielsweise unter Ausnutzung der Schwerkraft durch Einriesein, durch Einblasen mit Druckluft oder durch Einschwemmen mit einer Flüssigkeit vorgenommen werden (DE-A-2 532 873).The production of such hollow blocks filled with an inorganic fiber material can be carried out, for example, using gravity by pouring them in, by blowing in with compressed air or by flushing them with a liquid (DE-A-2 532 873).

Die nach dem bisher bekannten Verfahren hergestellten, mit einem faserigen Isoliermaterial gefüllten Hohlblocksteine haben jedoch den Nachteil, daß der Füllungsgrad des eingebrachten faserigen Isoliermaterials relativ starken Schwankungen unterliegt, so daß die auf diese Weise hergestellten Hohlblocksteine bezüglich ihrer Wärmedämmeigenschaften stark voneinander abweichen.However, the hollow blocks manufactured according to the previously known method and filled with a fibrous insulating material have the disadvantage that the degree of filling of the introduced fibrous insulating material is subject to relatively large fluctuations, so that the hollow blocks produced in this way differ greatly in terms of their thermal insulation properties.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, das bekannte Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit anorganischem Fasermaterial gefüllten Hohlblocksteinen dahingehend weiterzubilden,. daß die auf diese Weise hergestellten Hohlblocksteine gleichbleibend gute Wärmedämmeigenschaften aufweisen.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing the known method for producing hollow block stones filled with inorganic fiber material. that the hollow blocks produced in this way have consistently good thermal insulation properties.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 aufgeführten Verfahrensschritte erreicht.According to the invention, this is achieved by the method steps listed in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Anhand der Unteransprüche 2 bis 7 ergeben sich vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung nach Anspruch 1. Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, ist in dem selbständigen Anspruch 8 angegeben. Durch die DE-A-2 825 508 ist bereits eine Vorrichtung bekannt, bei der die Kammern mehrerer Hohlblocksteine von oben gleichzeitig dosiert verfüllbar sind.Advantageous developments of the invention according to claim 1 result from subclaims 2 to 7. A device for carrying out the method according to the invention is specified in independent claim 8. From DE-A-2 825 508 a device is already known in which the chambers of several hollow blocks can be filled in doses simultaneously from above.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 in Draufsicht die auf einer verfahrbaren Palette angeordneten, zu füllenden Hohlblocksteine
  • Figur 2 im Längsschnitt eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens vorgesehene Vorrichtung zum mechanischen Einbringen der Mineralfasern in die Steinkammern, wobei sich der Füllstellung in seiner Füllstellung unterhalb des Austragsendes des Vorratsbehälters befindet ;
  • Figur 3 die Vorrichtung mit dem Füllwagen in der Entleerungsstellung oberhalb der Dosierform, die bereits mit einer dosierten Mineralfasermenge gefüllt ist ;
  • Figur 4 die Vorrichtung beim ersten Stopfvorgang und
  • Figur 5 beim zweiten Stopfvorgang ;
  • Figur6 6 im Längsschnitt die Sprüheinrichtung beim ober- und unterseitigen Besprühen der angehobenen, fertig mit der Mineralfaserfüllung versehenen Hohlblocksteine ;
  • Figur7 im Schnitt gemäß Linie VII-VII nach Fig.1 die auf der Palette angeordneten Hohlblocksteine im Endzustand ;
  • Figur 8 schematisch eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung zum pneumatischen Einbringen der Mineralfasern in die Steinkammern, wobei sich die Dosierform gerade in einer Stellung unterhalb des als Füllkasten ausgebildeten Vorratsbehälters befindet ;
  • Figur 9 die Vorrichtung im nächsten Arbeitsschritt, wobei die gefüllte Dosierform zusammen mit dem sie unterseitig verschließenden Ziehblech über die Hohlblocksteine verfahren ist ;
  • Figur 10 die Vorrichtung im nächsten Arbeitsschritt, bei der die Dosierform durch Wegziehen des Ziehbleches unterseitig geöffnet worden ist ;
  • Figur 11 die Vorrichtung beim pneumatischen Einbringen der Mineralfasern aus der Dosierform in die Hohlblocksteine und
  • Figur 12 schematisch eine der Sprüheinrichtung gemäß Fig.6 ähnliche Sprüheinrichtung zum beidseitigen Besprühen der die Mineraifaserfüllung aufweisenden Hohlblocksteine.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it :
  • Figure 1 in plan view of the arranged on a movable pallet to be filled hollow blocks
  • FIG. 2 shows in longitudinal section a device for mechanically introducing the mineral fibers into the stone chambers for carrying out the method, the filling position in its filling position being located below the discharge end of the storage container;
  • Figure 3 shows the device with the filling car in the emptying position above the dosage form, which is already filled with a metered amount of mineral fiber;
  • Figure 4 shows the device in the first tamping and
  • Figure 5 in the second tamping process;
  • Figure 6 6 in longitudinal section the spraying device when spraying the raised and finished with the mineral fiber hollow block blocks on the top and bottom;
  • Figure 7 in section along line VII-VII of Figure 1, the arranged on the pallet hollow blocks in the final state;
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows a modified embodiment of the device for the pneumatic introduction of the mineral fibers into the stone chambers, the dosage form being in a position just below the storage container designed as a filling box;
  • FIG. 9 shows the device in the next working step, the filled dosage form being moved over the hollow blocks together with the drawing plate which closes it on the underside;
  • Figure 10 shows the device in the next step, in which the dosage form has been opened on the underside by pulling away the drawing plate;
  • 11 shows the device for the pneumatic introduction of the mineral fibers from the dosage form into the hollow blocks and
  • FIG. 12 schematically shows a spray device similar to the spray device according to FIG. 6 for spraying the hollow blocks having the mineral fiber filling on both sides.

Wie aus Fig. 1 und 7 ersichtlich, weist der dargestellte Hohlblockstein 1 insofern die übliche Ausbildung auf, als er beliebig viele, in beliebiger Anordnung vorgesehene Kammern 2 besitzt, die beidseitig offen und untereinander durch Wände 3 abgetrennt sind. Der Hohlblockstein 1 ist dadurch mit einer integrierten Wärmedämmung versehen, daß seine Kammern 2 mit Mineralfasern 4 ausgefüllt sind, die Flocken- und/oder Granulatform aufweisen und durch entsprechendes Zerkleinern aus einem Mineralfaservlies, einem -filz oder einer -matte vorgefertigt sind.As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 7, the hollow block 1 shown has the usual design in that it has any number of chambers 2 provided in any arrangement, which are open on both sides and separated from one another by walls 3. The hollow block 1 is provided with an integrated thermal insulation in that its chambers 2 are filled with mineral fibers 4, which have flake and / or granulate form and are prefabricated by comminuting them from a mineral fiber fleece, a felt or a mat.

Die jeweils in den Steinkammern 2 enthaltene Mineralfaserfüllung 4 ist hierin grundsätzlich in lockerem Zustand angeordnet, wobei die einzelnen Mineralfasern 4 untereinander sowie an den Kammerwänden 3 anhaften. Wie aus Fig.7 7 ersichtlich, ist die Mineralfaserfüllung 9 im Bereich der jeweiligen offenen oberen und unteren Kammerenden durch eine, beispielsweise mittels Besprühen, aufgebrachte dünne Materialschicht 5 verschlossen bzw. versiegelt, die aus einem Klebstoff, einer Schlämme aus Zement mit niedrigem Alkaligehalt oder aus einer Gipsschlämme usw. bestehen kann.The mineral fiber filling 4 contained in each of the stone chambers 2 is basically arranged here in a loose state, the individual mineral fibers 4 adhering to one another and to the chamber walls 3. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the mineral fiber filling 9 is closed or sealed in the region of the respective open upper and lower chamber ends by a thin material layer 5 applied, for example by spraying, which consists of an adhesive, a slurry of cement with a low alkali content or can consist of a gypsum slurry, etc.

Das aus Fig. 2 bis 6 ersichtliche Verfahren zur Herstellung des beschriebenen, mit der integrierten Wärmedämmung versehenen Hohlblocksteins 1 besteht darin, daß die in der erwähnten Weise vorgefertigten zerkleinerten Mineralfasern von einem Vorrat in dosierter Menge abgenommen und sodann von oben gleichzeitig in sämtliche Kammern 2 des Hohlblocksteins 1 eingebracht werden. Wie aus Fig. 1 und 7 ersichtlich, wird hierbei hinsichtlich der Anzahl der jeweils zu füllenden Hohlblocksteine 1 derart verfahren, daß die Mineralfasern 4 gleichzeitig in die Kammern 2 mehrerer, nebeneinander in Reihen angeordneter Hohlblocksteine 1 eingebracht werden. Ein dem Verfahren vorgeschalteter Verfahrensschritt kann darin bestehen, daß die Mineralfasern 4 durch Zerkleinern aus einem Mineralfaservlies, einem -filz oder einer -matte vorgefertigt und entsprechend aufgelockert werden.The apparent from Fig. 2 to 6 method for producing the described, with the integrier th thermal insulation provided hollow block 1 is that the crushed mineral fibers prefabricated in the manner mentioned removed from a supply in a metered amount and then simultaneously introduced from above into all chambers 2 of the hollow block 1. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 7, the number of hollow blocks 1 to be filled in each case is such that the mineral fibers 4 are simultaneously introduced into the chambers 2 of a plurality of hollow blocks 1 arranged next to one another in rows. A process step upstream of the process can consist in that the mineral fibers 4 are prefabricated by comminution from a mineral fiber fleece, a felt or a mat and loosened accordingly.

Das Einbringen der Mineralfasern 4 in die Kammern 2 des bzw. der Hohlblocksteine 1, das bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform mechanisch durch einen Stopfvorgang durchgeführt wird, kann je nach Wunsch und Bedarf wenigstens einmal wiederholt werden.The introduction of the mineral fibers 4 into the chambers 2 of the hollow block or blocks 1, which in the embodiment shown is carried out mechanically by a tamping process, can be repeated at least once, as desired and required.

Der letzte Verfahrensschritt besteht schließlich darin, die in die Steinkammern 2 eingebrachte Mineralfaserfüllung 4 im Bereich der offenen Kammerenden mit einem an ihr haftenden Material, vorzugsweise einem Klebstoff oder einer Schlämme aus Zement mit niedrigem Alkaligehalt oder Gips, gleichzeitig von oben und unten zu besprühen, wobei die Hohlblocksteine 1 in der aus Fig. 6 ersichtlichen Weise, da sie beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel auch unterseitig offene Kammerenden aufweisen, zuvor angehoben worden sind, um den Besprühvorgang auch von unten durchführen zu können.Finally, the last process step consists in simultaneously spraying the mineral fiber filling 4 introduced into the stone chambers 2 in the region of the open chamber ends with a material adhering to it, preferably an adhesive or a slurry of cement with a low alkali content or gypsum, whereby the hollow blocks 1 in the manner shown in FIG. 6, since they also have chamber ends open on the underside in the exemplary embodiment shown, have previously been raised in order to be able to carry out the spraying process from below.

Die im einzelnen aus Fig. 1 bis 6 ersichtliche Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des beschriebenen Verfahrens weist wenigstens eine Palette 6, eine Dosierform 7 und einen Stopfstempel 8 auf. Die Palette 6 ist auf einer horizontalen Schubbahn 9, die aus zwei in parallelem Abstand verlaufenden Schienen besteht, bis unter den Stopfstempel 8 verfahrbar und weist eine solche Fläche auf, daß sie wenigstens zwei einander angrenzende Hohibiocksteinreihen, im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel durch jeweils vier einander angrenzende Hohlblocksteine 1 gebildet, aufnehmen kann.The device for carrying out the described method, which can be seen in detail from FIGS. 1 to 6, has at least one pallet 6, a dosage form 7 and a stuffing stamp 8. The pallet 6 can be moved on a horizontal push track 9, which consists of two rails running at a parallel distance, up to the stuffing ram 8 and has such a surface that it has at least two adjacent rows of Hohibiock stones, in the illustrated embodiment, each with four adjacent hollow blocks 1 formed, can accommodate.

Die Dosierform 7 ist ortsfest über den Steinkammern 2 angeordnet und dient zur Aufnahme einer von oben einzugebenden dosierten Mineralfasermenge, die dann aus dem unteren Ende der Dosierform 7 in die hiermit fluchtenden Steinkammern 2 ausgetragen wird. Zur Aufnahme dieser dosierten Mineralfasermenge weist die Dosierform 7 ober- und unterseitig offene Durchgangsöffnungen 10 auf, die durch einzelne Wände 11 voneinander abgetrennt sind und hinsichtlich Anzahl sowie Horizontalschnittausbildung den darunter angeordneten Kammern 2 der der auf Palette 6 befindlichen acht Hohlblocksteine 1 entsprechen. Die Querschnittsgestaltung der einzelnen Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7 ist derart getroffen, daß die Querschnittsflächen der Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7 geringfügig kleiner sind als diejenigen der Steinkammern 2, wie im einzelnen aus Fig. 2 bis 5 ersichtlich. Die Höhe der Dosierform 7 ist dem gewünschten Stopfgrad der in die Steinkammern 2 einzubringenden Mineralfaserfüllung 4 angepaßt. Dies bedeutet, daß die Füllhöhe der Dosierform 7 umso größer ist, je höher der erwünschte Stopfgrad der Mineralfaserfüllung 4 in den Steinkammern 2 ist.The dosage form 7 is arranged in a stationary manner above the stone chambers 2 and serves to receive a metered amount of mineral fiber to be entered from above, which is then discharged from the lower end of the dosage form 7 into the stone chambers 2 which are aligned therewith. In order to accommodate this metered amount of mineral fiber, the dosage form 7 has through openings 10 open on the upper and lower sides, which are separated from one another by individual walls 11 and, in terms of number and horizontal section formation, correspond to the chambers 2 arranged below that of the eight hollow block stones 1 located on pallet 6. The cross-sectional design of the individual through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 is such that the cross-sectional areas of the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 are slightly smaller than those of the stone chambers 2, as can be seen in detail from FIGS. 2 to 5. The height of the dosage form 7 is adapted to the desired degree of stuffing of the mineral fiber filling 4 to be introduced into the stone chambers 2. This means that the filling level of the dosage form 7 is greater, the higher the desired degree of stuffing of the mineral fiber filling 4 in the stone chambers 2.

Der Dosierform 7 sind seitlich einstellbare Vibratoren 12 zugeordnet, um bei oder nach dem Befüllen der Dosierform 7 mit der dosierten Mineralfasermenge die erwünschte Feindosierung vornehmen zu können.Laterally adjustable vibrators 12 are assigned to the dosage form 7 in order to be able to carry out the desired fine metering when or after filling the dosage form 7 with the metered amount of mineral fibers.

Wie aus Fig. 2 und 3 ersichtlich, sind die Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7 unterseitig durch ein Ziehblech 13 verschließbar, das aus der Stellung gemäß Fig. 2 in Richtung des Pfeils 14 in die Stellung gemäß Fig. 3 verschieblich ist, in der es in einen zwischen der Oberseite der Hohlblocksteine 1 und der Unterseite der Dosierform 7 bzw. deren Durchgangsöffnung 10 gebildeten Spalt 15 eingefahren ist.As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 can be closed on the underside by a drawing plate 13, which can be moved from the position according to FIG. 2 in the direction of arrow 14 into the position according to FIG. 3, in which it is in a gap 15 formed between the top of the hollow block stones 1 and the bottom of the dosage form 7 or its through opening 10 is retracted.

Der Stopfstempel 8 ist in senkrechter Fluchtung über den Hohlblocksteinen 1 bzw. über der Dosierform 7 angeordnet und derart auf- und abbeweglich, daß er in seiner Stopfstellung gemäß Fig. 4 oder 5 mit Stopffingern 16 die Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7 durchsetzt und in die Steinkammern 2 eingreift. Zu diesem Zweck entsprechen die Stopffinger 16, die unterseitig an einer Halteplatte 17 des Stopfstempels 8 angebracht sind und von dort aus nach unten ragen, in Anzahl, Anordnung und Horizontalschnittausbildung den Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7 bzw. den Steinkammern 2, wobei im einzelnen die Ausbildung derart getroffen ist, daß die Querschnittsflächen der Stopffinger 16 - genau wie diejenigen der Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7 - geringfügig kleiner sind als diejenigen der Steinkammern 2 und im übrigen weitgehend ohne Zwischenraum die Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7 durchsetzen können. Die jeweiligen Größenverhältnisse der vorerwähnten Querschnittsflächen der Steinkammern 2, Stopffinger 16 und Durchgangsöffnungen 10 sind besonders deutlich aus Fig.4 ersichtlich.The stuffing plunger 8 is arranged in vertical alignment above the hollow blocks 1 or above the dosage form 7 and can be moved up and down in such a way that it passes through the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 with stuffing fingers 16 in its stuffing position according to FIG. 4 or 5 and into the stone chambers 2 engages. For this purpose, the darning fingers 16, which are attached on the underside of a holding plate 17 of the darning plunger 8 and protrude downward from there, correspond in number, arrangement and horizontal section design to the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 or the stone chambers 2, the training in detail is made such that the cross-sectional areas of the stop fingers 16 - just like those of the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 - are slightly smaller than those of the stone chambers 2 and, moreover, can pass through the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 largely without a space. The respective size ratios of the above-mentioned cross-sectional areas of the stone chambers 2, stop fingers 16 and through openings 10 can be seen particularly clearly from FIG.

Seitlich neben dem Stopfstempel 8 ist ein Vorratsbehälter 18 für vorgefertigte zerkleinerte Mineralfasern 4a angeordnet, aus dessen unterem öffenbaren Ende 19 die Dosierform 7 mit einer dosierten Menge an Mineralfasern 4b - siehe Fig. 3 - beschickbar ist.A storage container 18 for prefabricated comminuted mineral fibers 4a is arranged to the side of the stuffing ram 8, and the dosage form 7 can be loaded with a metered amount of mineral fibers 4b from its lower open end 19 - see FIG. 3.

Zu diesem Zweck ist ein gesonderter, ober- und unterseitig offener Füllwagen 20 vorgesehen, der in Richtung des Pfeils 21 horizontal zwischen einer aus Fig. 2 ersichtlichen Füllstellung unterhalb des Austragsendes 19 Vorratsbehälters 18 und einer aus Fig. 3 ersichtlichen Entleerungsstellung oberhalb der Dosierform 7 verfahrbar ist. Der Füllwagen 20 ist hierbei auf der Oberseite des Schließbleches 22 verfahrbar, das an der Dosierform 7 angebracht und horizontal von dieser in Richtung des Vorratsbehälters 18 wegragt, so daß dieses Schließblech 22, zusammen mit der Oberseite der Dosierform 7, nicht nur als Gleitbahn für den Füllwagen 20 dient, sondern auch gleichzeitig die offene Unterseite des Füllwagens 20 verschließt, wenn dieser sich in seiner Füllstellung gemäß Fig. unterhalb des Vorratsbehälters 18 befindet. Gleichzeitig weist auch der Füllwagen 20 ein sich in gleicher Richtung wie des Schließblech 22 der Dosierform 7 horizontal wegerstreckendes Schließblech 23 auf, das in der aus Fig.3 ersichtlichen Weise das untere Austragsende 19 des Vorratsbehälters 18 bei in Entleerungsstellung oberhalb der Dosierform 7 befindlichem Füllwagen 20 verschließt.For this purpose, a separate, top and bottom open filling car 20 is provided, which can be moved horizontally in the direction of arrow 21 between a filling position shown in FIG. 2 below the discharge end 19 of the storage container 18 and an emptying position shown in FIG. 3 above the dosage form 7 is. The filling car 20 is movable on the top of the striking plate 22, which is attached to the dosage form 7 and horizontally therefrom protrudes in the direction of the storage container 18 so that this striking plate 22, together with the top of the dosage form 7, not only serves as a slideway for the filling car 20, but also simultaneously closes the open underside of the filling car 20 when it is in its filling position according to is located below the storage container 18. At the same time, the filling car 20 also has a closing plate 23 which extends horizontally in the same direction as the striking plate 22 of the dosage form 7 and which, in the manner shown in FIG. 3, has the lower discharge end 19 of the storage container 18 when the filling trolley 20 is in the emptying position above the dosage form 7 closes.

Wie im einzelnen aus Fig. 6 ersichtlich, ist weiterhin noch eine Sprüheinrichtung 24 vorgesehen, die in der Bewegungsbahn der Palette 6 hinter dem Vorratsbehälter 18 angeordnet ist und aus einem nach unten ragenden Zuleitungsrohr 25 sowie zwei horizontal hiervon in parallelem Abstand zueinander wegragenden Spührohren 26, 27 besteht, die einander zugekehrte Sprühdüsen 28 aufweisen. Die Sprührohre 26, 27 sind in einem Abstand zueinander angeordnet, der entsprechend größer ist als die Höhe der Hohlblocksteine 1, so daß diese Hohlblocksteine 1 ober-und unterseitig mit der geeigneten aushärtbaren Materialschicht 5 besprüht werden können, um die offenen Enden der gefüllten Steinkammern 2 zu verschließen bzw. zu versiegeln. Weiterhin ist eine Hebeeinrichtung in Form einer beidseitigen Klammer 29 vorgesehen, welche die auf der Palette 6 sitzenden Hohlblocksteine 1 ergreifen und bis auf eine geeignete Höhe anheben kann. Die Sprüheinrichtung 24 ist quer zur Bewegungsbahn der Palette 6 verfahrbar, so daß sie bei mittels der Klammer 29 angehobenen Hohlblocksteinen 1 über die Ober- und Unterseite der Hohlblocksteine 1 verfahren und dann in Betrieb gesetzt werden kann.As can be seen in detail from FIG. 6, a spray device 24 is also provided, which is arranged in the path of movement of the pallet 6 behind the storage container 18 and consists of a downwardly projecting feed pipe 25 and two spray pipes 26 projecting horizontally therefrom at a parallel distance from one another. 27, which have spray nozzles 28 facing each other. The spray tubes 26, 27 are arranged at a distance from one another which is correspondingly greater than the height of the hollow blocks 1, so that these hollow blocks 1 can be sprayed with the appropriate hardenable material layer 5 on the top and bottom sides around the open ends of the filled stone chambers 2 to close or seal. Furthermore, a lifting device in the form of a clamp 29 on both sides is provided, which can grip the hollow blocks 1 sitting on the pallet 6 and raise them to a suitable height. The spray device 24 can be moved transversely to the path of movement of the pallet 6, so that it can be moved over the top and bottom of the hollow blocks 1 when the hollow blocks 1 are lifted by means of the clamp 29 and can then be put into operation.

Die beschriebene Vorrichtung arbeitet folgendermaßen :

  • Die auf der Palette 6 dicht nebeneinander angeordneten Hohlblocksteine 1 werden nach ihrer Fertigung, vorzugsweise ohne sie von der Palette 6 abzunehmen, auf der Schubbahn 9 derart bis unter die ortsfest angeordnete Dosierform 7 gefahren, daß ihre Kammern 2 genau mit den Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7, und damit auch mit den Stopffingern 16 des Stopfstempels 8, fluchten. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt, in dem sich der Stopfstempel 8 in seiner oberen Ruhestellung gemäß Fig. 2 befindet, ist der Füllwagen 20 in seiner Füllstellung unterhalb des Austragsendes 19 des Vorratsbehälters 18 angeordnet und bereits mit vorgefertigten zerkleinerten Mineralfasern 4a gefüllt, da sowohl das untere Austragsende 19 des Vorratsbehälters 18 als auch die Oberseite des Füllwagens 20 offen sind. Demgegenüber ist die Unterseite des Füllwagens 20 durch das Schließblech 22 der Dosierform 7 verschlossen. Nunmehr wird der Füllwagen 20 auf. dem Schließblech 22 bis genau über die Dosierform 7 in seine Entleerungsstellung verfahren, wobei gleichzeitig auch das Ziehblech 13 in Richtung des Pfeils 14 in den Spalt 15 zwischen Steinoberseite und Dosierformunterseite verfahren wird, so daß die Unterseite der Dosierform 7 bzw. Deren Durchgangsöffnungen 10 verschlossen ist. In dieser Entleerungsstellung des Füllwagens 20 fallen nun die hierin befindlichen Mineralfasermengen 4a in einer solchen Menge in die Dosierform 7, daß diese entsprechend ihrem Volumen-eine dosierte Mineralfasermenge 4b aufnimmt, wie aus Fig.3 ersichtlich. Hierbei kann die von der Dosierform 7 aufgenommene dosierte Mineralfasermenge 4b durch entsprechend langes Betätigen der Vibratoren 12 noch entsprechend feinreguliert werden. Wie im übrigen aus Fig. 3 ersichtlich, ist dann, wenn sich der Füllwagen 20 in seiner Entleerungsstellung oberhalb der Dosierform 7 befindet, das untere Austragsende 19 des Vorratsbehälters 18 automatisch durch das dem Füllwagen 20 zugeordnete Schließblech 23 verschlossen.
The device described works as follows:
  • The hollow blocks 1 arranged closely next to one another on the pallet 6 are moved after their manufacture, preferably without removing them from the pallet 6, on the pushing track 9 to below the stationary dosage form 7 in such a way that their chambers 2 exactly with the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 , and thus also with the darning fingers 16 of the darning stamp 8, in alignment. At this time, when the stuffing ram 8 is in its upper rest position according to FIG. 2, the filling carriage 20 is arranged in its filling position below the discharge end 19 of the storage container 18 and is already filled with prefabricated crushed mineral fibers 4a, since both the lower discharge end 19 of the storage container 18 and the top of the filling car 20 are open. In contrast, the underside of the filling car 20 is closed by the striking plate 22 of the dosage form 7. Now the filling car 20 is on. move the striking plate 22 into its emptying position exactly over the dosage form 7, the drawing plate 13 also being moved in the direction of arrow 14 into the gap 15 between the top of the stone and the bottom side of the dosage form, so that the underside of the dosage form 7 or its through openings 10 is closed . In this emptying position of the filling wagon 20, the mineral fiber quantities 4a contained therein fall into the dosage form 7 in such an amount that this absorbs a dosed mineral fiber quantity 4b according to their volume, as can be seen from FIG. Here, the metered amount of mineral fiber 4b taken up by the dosage form 7 can be fine-tuned by correspondingly long actuation of the vibrators 12. 3, when the filling car 20 is in its emptying position above the dosage form 7, the lower discharge end 19 of the storage container 18 is automatically closed by the striking plate 23 assigned to the filling car 20.

Wenn dann die Dosierform 7 mit der dosierten Mineralfasermenge 4b gefüllt ist, laufen das Ziehblech 13 und der Füllwagen 20 zurück, so daß einerseits der Füllwagen 20 wieder über das untere Austragsende 19 des Vorratsbehälters 18 mit Mineralfasern 4a voll beschickt wird und andererseits die Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7 unterseitig geöffnet sind und damit den Zugang der dosierten Mineralfasermenge 4b zu den Kammern 2 der Hohlblocksteine 1 freigeben.Then, when the dosage form 7 is filled with the metered amount of mineral fibers 4b, the drawing plate 13 and the filling car 20 run back, so that on the one hand the filling car 20 is again fully loaded with mineral fibers 4a via the lower discharge end 19 of the storage container 18 and on the other hand the through openings 10 of the Dosage form 7 are open on the underside and thus allow access of the metered amount of mineral fibers 4b to the chambers 2 of the hollow blocks 1.

Sodann wird der Stopfstempel 8 nach unten in seine Stopfstellung bewegt, wobei seine Stopffinger 16 während dieses Bewegungsvorganges die Mineralfasermenge 4b aus den Durchgangsöffnungen 10 der Dosierform 7 herausdrücken und in die Steinkammern 2 einführen, wie dies insgesamt aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist. Diesem ersten Stopfvorgang gemäß Fig.4 können bei Wunsch ein zweiter Stopfvorgang gemäß Fig. 5 sowie evtl. noch weitere Stopfvorgänge folgen, wobei es auch möglich ist, vor dem jeweils zweiten und weiteren Stopfvorgang die Dosierform 7 mittels des Füllwagens 20 erneut mit einer weiteren dosierten Mineralfasermenge 4b zu beschicken, wie in Fig.5 angedeutet.The stuffing plunger 8 is then moved downward into its stuffing position, with its stuffing fingers 16 pushing the mineral fiber quantity 4b out of the through openings 10 of the dosage form 7 during this movement process and inserting it into the stone chambers 2, as can be seen overall from FIG. 4. If desired, this first tamping process according to FIG. 4 can be followed by a second tamping process according to FIG. 5 as well as possibly further tamping processes, whereby it is also possible to dose the dosage form 7 again with another before the second and further tamping process To feed mineral fiber amount 4b, as indicated in Fig.5.

Wenn die Steinkammern 2 mit den Mineralfasern 4 gefüllt sind, wird die Palette 6 zusammen mit den Hohlblocksteinen 1 auf der Schubbahn 9 zur Sprüheinrichtung 24 gemäß Fig. 6 verfahren, die sich zu diesem Zeitpunkt außerhalb der Bewegungsbahn der Palette 6 befindet. Nachdem die Klammer 29 sämtliche Hohlblocksteine 1 gleichzeitig ergriffen und bis auf eine geeignete Höhe angehoben hat, wird die Sprüheinrichtung 24 derart quer zur Bewegungsbahn der Palette 6 verfahren, daß das obere Sprührohr 26 die Oberseite der Hohlblocksteine 1 und das untere Sprührohr 27 die Unterseite der Hohlblocksteine 1, jeweils im Abstand hierzu, überstreicht. Während dieses Bewegungsablaufs wird die Ober- und Unterseite der hohlblocksteine beispieisweise mit dem Klebstoff 5 besprüht, so daß dann nach dessen Verfestigung die jeweiligen Abschlußflächen der in den Steinkammern 2 befindlichen Mineralfaserfüllung 4 versiegelt sind.When the stone chambers 2 are filled with the mineral fibers 4, the pallet 6 is moved together with the hollow blocks 1 on the push path 9 to the spray device 24 according to FIG. 6, which is at this time outside the path of movement of the pallet 6. After the clamp 29 has gripped all of the hollow blocks 1 at the same time and raised them to a suitable height, the spray device 24 is moved transversely to the path of movement of the pallet 6 in such a way that the upper spray tube 26 the top of the hollow blocks 1 and the lower spray tube 27 the underside of the hollow blocks 1, each at a distance from it, sweeps. During this movement sequence, the top and bottom of the hollow blocks are sprayed with the adhesive 5, for example, so that after their solidification, the respective ones End faces of the mineral fiber filling 4 located in the stone chambers 2 are sealed.

Nach dem Wegfahren der Sprüheinrichtung 24 und dem durch die Klammer 29 erfolgten Absenken der Hohlblocksteine 1 auf der Palette 6 werden dann die derart mit der integrierten Wärmedämmung versehenen Hohlblocksteine 1 zur endgültigen Lagerung weitertransportiert.After the spray device 24 has moved away and the hollow blocks 1 on the pallet 6 have been lowered by the clamp 29, the hollow blocks 1 provided with the integrated thermal insulation are then transported on for final storage.

Bei der abgewandelten Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. bis 12 wird das Verfahren zum Einbringen der Mineralfasern 4 in die Steinkammern 2 pneumatisch durchgeführt, und zwar durch Anwendung von Überdruck. Dieses Verfahren sei im folgenden anhand der zur Durchführung des Verfahrens vorgesehenen Vorrichtung beschrieben. Diese Vorrichtung weist genau wie die zuvor beschriebene Ausführungsform grundsätzlich eine verfahrbare Halteeinrichtung 106 für die Hohlblocksteine 1, eine von oben mit einer dosierten Mineralfasermenge 4b beschickbare Dosierform 107 sowie eine Einbringeinrichtung 108 auf, um die Mineralfasern 4b aus der Dosierform 107 in die Steinkammern 2 einzubringen.In the modified embodiment according to FIGS. 12 to 12, the method for introducing the mineral fibers 4 into the stone chambers 2 is carried out pneumatically, namely by using excess pressure. This method is described below using the device provided for carrying out the method. Just like the previously described embodiment, this device basically has a movable holding device 106 for the hollow blocks 1, a dosage form 107 that can be filled with a metered amount of mineral fiber 4b from above, and an insertion device 108 for introducing the mineral fibers 4b from the dosage form 107 into the stone chambers 2.

Die verfahrbare Steinhalteeinrichtung ist als Spannrahmen 106 - ähnlich der Klammer 29 bei der zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsform - ausgebildet, der dazu dient, die Gesamtheit der jeweils mit den Mineralfasern 4 zu befüllenden Hohlblocksteine beispielsweise von der Palette 6 abzuheben, während des Füllvorganges in einer bestimmten angehobenen Stellung zu halten und sodann nach dem anschließenden Besprühen mit Klebstoff 5 oder dgl. wieder auf der Palette 6 abzusetzen.The movable stone holding device is designed as a clamping frame 106 - similar to the clamp 29 in the previously described embodiment - which serves to lift the entirety of the hollow blocks to be filled with the mineral fibers 4, for example, from the pallet 6, during the filling process in a certain raised position to hold and then, after the subsequent spraying with adhesive 5 or the like, set it down again on the pallet 6.

Die Dosierform 107 ist im Unterschied zur vorher beschriebenen Ausführungsform nicht orstfest über den zu füllenden Steinkammern 2 angeordnet, sondern horizontal zwischen dem unteren Austragsende 119 des als Füllkasten ausgebildeten Vorratsbehälters 118 und der Steinoberseite verfahrbar. Ansonsten weist die Dosierform 107 jedoch eine der zuvor beschriebenen Dosierform 7 ähnliche bzw. entsprechende Ausbildung auf, derart, daß ihr jeweils seitlich in der aus Fig. 8 bis 11 ersichtlichen Weise einstellbare Vibratoren 112 zugeordnet sind und daß sie Durchgangsöffnungen 110 aufweist, die obersowie unterseitig offen und durch einzelne Wände 111 voneinander abgetrennt sind. Diese Wände 111 sind jedoch derart schräg verlaufend angeordnet, daß die Durchgangsöffnungen 110 der Dosierform 107 konisch sich verjüngend ausgebildet sind, wobei ihr jeweils kleinster Querschnitt am unteren Auslaßende maximai dem Querschnitt der betreffenden zugeordneten Hohlblocksteinkammer 2 entspricht.In contrast to the previously described embodiment, the dosage form 107 is not arranged stationary over the stone chambers 2 to be filled, but can be moved horizontally between the lower discharge end 119 of the storage container 118 designed as a filling box and the top of the stone. Otherwise, the dosage form 107, however, has a similar or corresponding design to the previously described dosage form 7, in such a way that vibrators 112 which can be adjusted laterally in the manner shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 are assigned to it and that it has through openings 110 which are located on the top and bottom are open and separated from each other by individual walls 111. However, these walls 111 are arranged so as to run obliquely that the through openings 110 of the dosage form 107 are conically tapered, their smallest cross section at the lower outlet end corresponding maximally to the cross section of the associated hollow block chamber 2 concerned.

In gleicher Weise ist der Dosierform 107 das Ziehblech 113 zugeordnet, das die Durchgangsöffnungen 110 unterseitig verschließen bzw. öffnen kann und demgemäß aus der Störung gemäß Fig. oder 9 in Richtung des Pfeils 114 in die Stdllung gemäß Fig. 10 oder 11 verschiebbar ist, wobei es in der von der Dosierform 107 weggezogenen Stellung gemäß Fig. 10 den Spalt 115 zwischen der Oberseite der Hohlblocksteine 1 und der Unterseite der Dosierform 107 freigibt.In the same way, the dosage form 107 is assigned the drawing plate 113, which can close or open the through openings 110 on the underside and can accordingly be moved from the fault according to FIG. Or 9 in the direction of arrow 114 into the case according to FIG. 10 or 11, wherein 10 in the position pulled away from the dosage form 107 according to FIG. 10, the gap 115 between the top of the hollow blocks 1 and the bottom of the dosage form 107 is released.

Wie ersichtlich, ist der verfahrbare Füllwagen 20 der zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsform völlig weggelassen, wobei bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 8 bis 11 der stationäre Vorratsbehälter 118, wie schon erwähnt, als Füllkasten ausgebildet ist. Dies bedeutet, daß der Füllkasten 118 von vornherein nur mit einer solchen - dosierten - Menge an Mineralfasern 4b gefüllt wird, die die Dosierform 107 aufzunehmen in der Lage ist. Zu diesem Zweck kann dem Füllkasten 118, wie in Fig. 11 angedeutet, oberseitig ein horizontal verfahrbares Füllband 130 zugeordnet sein, das die vorgefertigten zerkleinerten Mineralfasern aus einem Silo 131 herantransportiert und während des Befüllens des Füllkastens 118 derart mit gesteuerter Geschwindigkeit vom einen Ende des Füllkastens 118 bis zu dessen anderem Ende verfahren wird, daß der Füllkasten 118 in etwa gleichmäßiger Höhe mit der dosierten Mineralfasermenge 4b gefüllt wird. Um weiterhin ein gleichmäßiges Austragen der Mineralfasermenge 4b aus dem Füllkasten 118 in die Dosierform 107 zu gewährleisten, kann an oder nahe dem unteren Ende des Füllkastens 118 ein mittels eines Rüttelantriebes 132 horizontal hin-und herbeweglicher Verteilerrost 133 vorgesehen sein, so daß beim Austragen der dosierten Mineralfasermenge 4b aus dem Füllkasten 118 in die Dosierform 107 deren sämtliche Öffnungen 110 gleichförmig mit einer gleichgroßen Menge an Mineralfasern 4b gefüllt werden.As can be seen, the movable filling car 20 of the previously described embodiment is completely omitted, with the stationary storage container 118 being designed as a filling box in the embodiment according to FIGS. 8 to 11, as already mentioned. This means that the filling box 118 is filled from the outset only with such a - metered - amount of mineral fibers 4b which the dosage form 107 is able to accommodate. For this purpose, as indicated in FIG. 11, a horizontally displaceable filling belt 130 can be assigned to the filling box 118, which transports the prefabricated, shredded mineral fibers from a silo 131 and thus during the filling of the filling box 118 at a controlled speed from one end of the filling box 118 is moved to the other end, that the filling box 118 is filled at an approximately uniform height with the metered amount of mineral fibers 4b. In order to further ensure a uniform discharge of the mineral fiber quantity 4b from the filling box 118 into the dosage form 107, a horizontally reciprocating distribution grate 133 by means of a vibrating drive 132 can be provided at or near the lower end of the filling box 118, so that when the dosed are discharged Mineral fiber quantity 4b from the filling box 118 into the dosage form 107, all of which openings 110 are filled uniformly with an equal quantity of mineral fibers 4b.

Die Einbringeinrichtung 108 ist als unterseitg offene, im Inneren mit Druckluft beaufschlagbare Haube ausgebildet, die vertikal auf- und abbeweglich ist und demgemäß der Dosierform 107 oberseitig aufsetzbar ist. Diese Drucklufthaube 108 ist mit einem Druckluftanschluß 134 versehen, der von einer nicht näher dargestellten Druckluftquelle kommt und mittig in die Drucklufthaube 108 einmündet, jedoch auch - wie in Fig. 11 lediglich angedeutet dargestellt - mit entsprechenden Druckluftverzweigungsrohren 134 verbunden sein kann, wenn bei einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform das Innere der Drucklufthaube 108 in einzelne Kammern 135 unterteilt ist, deren Anzahl derjenigen der Durchgangsöffnungen 110 der Dosierform 107 bzw. der zu beaufschlagenden Steinkammern 2 entspricht.The introduction device 108 is designed as a hood which is open on the underside and can be acted upon with compressed air, which can be moved vertically up and down and accordingly can be placed on the top of the dosage form 107. This compressed air hood 108 is provided with a compressed air connection 134, which comes from a compressed air source (not shown in more detail) and opens into the center of the compressed air hood 108, but - as shown only in FIG. 11 - can also be connected to corresponding compressed air branching pipes 134 if one is modified Embodiment, the interior of the compressed air hood 108 is divided into individual chambers 135, the number of which corresponds to that of the through openings 110 of the dosage form 107 or the stone chambers 2 to be acted upon.

Die Unterseite der Hohlblocksteine 2 ist durch ein Gitter 136 verschließbar, das den Abschluß einer nach oben gekehrten unteren Haube 137 bildet, die ebenfalls mittig einen Rohranschluß 138 aufweist und in ihrem Innern mit Überdruck oder Vakuum beaufschlagbar ist. Auch diese untere Haube 137 ist vertikal auf- und abbeweglich.The underside of the hollow blocks 2 can be closed by a grid 136, which forms the end of an upward-facing lower hood 137, which likewise has a pipe connection 138 in the center and can be acted upon by excess pressure or vacuum in its interior. This lower hood 137 can also be moved vertically up and down.

Die beschriebene Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 8 bis 11 arbeitet folgendermaßen :

  • Die auf der Palette 6 befindlichen Hohlblocksteine 1 (siehe Fig. 1) werden nach ihrer Fertigung vom Spannrahmen 106 insgesamt klemmend erfaßt, angehoben und in die seitlich unterhalb des stationären Füllkastens 108 befindliche Füllstellung gemäß Fig. 8 verbracht. In dieser Stellung fluchten die ober- und unterseitig offenen Steinkammern 2 sowohl mit der oberen Drucklufthaube 108 als auch mit der unteren Haube 137.
The described device according to FIGS. 8 to 11 works as follows:
  • The hollow blocks 1 located on the pallet 6 (see FIG. 1) are clamped after their manufacture by the clamping frame 106, lifted and brought into the filling position located laterally below the stationary filling box 108 according to FIG. 8. In the The stone chambers 2, which are open on the upper and lower sides, are aligned with this position both with the upper compressed air hood 108 and with the lower hood 137.

In der Zwischenzeit ist die Dosierform 107, die unterseitig durch das Ziehblech 113 verschlossen ist und unter dem Füllkasten 118 steht, aus diesem heraus mit der dosierten Mineralfasermenge 4b gefüllt worden, wobei der Füllkasten 118 selbst nur mit einer solchem Mineralfasermenge 4b gefüllt worden war, welche die Dosierform 107 aufzunehmen in der Lage war.In the meantime, the dosage form 107, which is closed on the underside by the drawing plate 113 and stands under the filling box 118, has been filled out of the latter with the metered amount of mineral fiber 4b, the filling box 118 itself having only been filled with such a quantity of mineral fiber 4b, which the dosage form 107 was able to accommodate.

Die mit den Mineralfaserflocken 4b gefüllte Dosierform 107 wird dann zusammen mit dem ihre Unterseite verschließenden Ziehblech 113 aus der Stellung gemäß Fig. in die Stellung gemäß Fig. 9 verfahren, in der ihre Durchgangsöffnungen 110 genau mit den offenen Steinkammern 2 fluchten.The dosage form 107 filled with the mineral fiber flakes 4b is then moved together with the drawing plate 113 closing its underside from the position according to FIG. To the position according to FIG. 9, in which its through openings 110 are exactly aligned with the open stone chambers 2.

Nun wird das Ziehblech 113 aus der Schließstellung gemäß Fig. 9 in Richtung des Pfeils 114 in die Stellung gemäß Fig. 10 gezogen, so daß dadurch die Durchgangsöffnungen 110 der Dosierform 107 unterseitig offen werden. Danach wird die obere Haube 108 in der aus Fig. 11 ersichtlichen Weise senkrecht nach unten in Richtung auf die Dosierform 107 verfahren, und zwar derart, daß die zu diesem Zweck bevorzugt federnd aufgehängte Dosierform 107 so auf die Hohlblocksteine 1 gedrückt wird, daß der zwi- schen der Unterseite der Dosierform 107 und der Oberseite der Hohlblocksteine 1 gebildete Spalt 115 lediglich noch eine Größenordnung von etwa 1 bis 2 mm aufweist. Gleichzeitig wird die untere Haube 137 nach oben verfahren, so daß deren Gitter 136 die Unterseite der Hohlblocksteine 1 verschließt.Now the drawing plate 113 is pulled from the closed position according to FIG. 9 in the direction of arrow 114 into the position according to FIG. 10, so that the through openings 110 of the dosage form 107 become open on the underside. Then the upper hood 108 is moved vertically downwards in the manner shown in FIG. 11 in the direction of the dosage form 107, in such a way that the dosage form 107, which is preferably spring-suspended for this purpose, is pressed onto the hollow block stones 1 so that the intermediate block 1 - The underside of the dosage form 107 and the top of the hollow block 1 formed gap 115 only has an order of magnitude of about 1 to 2 mm. At the same time, the lower hood 137 is moved upward, so that its grating 136 closes the underside of the hollow blocks 1.

Nun wird das Innere der oberen Haube 108 über den Druckarschluß 134 mit Druckluft beaufschlagt, so daß dadurch zwangsläufig die in der Dosierform 107 befindliche Mineralfasermenge 4b pneumatisch in die Steinkammern 2 gedrückt, d. h. durch Einblasen eingebracht wird. Dieser pneumatische Einbringvorgang kann sich mit zuverlässiger Funktion abspielen, da einerseits die obere Haube 108 relativ dicht auf der Oberseite der Dosierform 107 aufsitzt und andererseits. der noch zwischen Unterseite der Dosierform 107 und Oberseite der Hohlblocksteine 1 vorhandene minimale Spalt 115 eine Art Entlastungsspalt darstellt, der einem übermäßigen Aufbau des Überdruckes entgegenwirkt und gleichzeitig die erforderliche Abfuhr von überschüssiger Druckluft ermöglicht.Now the inside of the upper hood 108 is pressurized with compressed air via the pressure connection 134, so that the mineral fiber quantity 4b located in the dosage form 107 is inevitably pressed pneumatically into the stone chambers 2, i. H. is introduced by blowing. This pneumatic insertion process can be carried out with a reliable function, since on the one hand the upper hood 108 sits relatively close to the top of the dosage form 107 and on the other hand. the minimal gap 115 still present between the underside of the dosage form 107 and the top of the hollow blocks 1 represents a kind of relief gap which counteracts an excessive build-up of the excess pressure and at the same time enables the necessary removal of excess compressed air.

Das die Unterseite der Hohlblocksteine 1 während des Einbringvorganges verschließende Gitter 136 dient dazu, sowohl ein Austragen der Mineralwolle 4b aus den unteren Enden der Steinkammern 2 zu verhindern als auch die Abfuhr evtl. überschüssiger Druckluft zu ermöglichen. Zu diesem Zweck, und auch um den pneumatischen Einbringvorgang zu unterstützen, kann die untere Haube 137 über ihren Luftanschluß 138 mit mehr oder weniger starkem Vakuum beaufschlagt sein.The grille 136 which closes the underside of the hollow block stones 1 during the insertion process serves both to prevent the mineral wool 4b from being discharged from the lower ends of the stone chambers 2 and to allow any excess compressed air to be removed. For this purpose, and also to support the pneumatic insertion process, the lower hood 137 can be subjected to a more or less strong vacuum via its air connection 138.

Wenn dann die dosierte Mineralfasermenge 4b aus der Dosierform 107 in die Steinkammern 2 verbracht worden ist, werden obere sowie untere Haube 108, 137 vom Überdruck bzw.When the metered amount of mineral fibers 4b has been moved from the dosage form 107 into the stone chambers 2, the upper and lower hoods 108, 137 are

Vakuum entlastet und senkrecht von der Dosierform 107 bzw. den Hohlblocksteinen 1 weggefahren, so daß sie wieder die Stellung gemäß Fig. 10 einnehmen. In dieser Stellung kann dann die untere Haube 137 über den Anschluß 138 mit Druckluft beaufschlagt werden, um auf diese Weise sowohl die untere Haube 137 als auch das Gitter 136 von Mineralfaserflocken 4b zu reinigen.Vacuum is relieved and moved vertically away from the dosage form 107 or the hollow blocks 1, so that they assume the position shown in FIG. 10 again. In this position, the lower hood 137 can then be pressurized with compressed air via the connection 138, in order in this way to clean both the lower hood 137 and the grid 136 of mineral fiber flakes 4b.

Die Dosierform 107 kann nun für einen neuen Füllvorgang in die Stellung gemäß Fig. 8 verfahren werden, in der ihre Unterseite durch das noch dort befindliche Ziehblech 113 verschlossen ist, jedoch ihre Oberseite mit dem unteren Austragsende 119 des Füllkastens 118 verbunden ist.The dosage form 107 can now be moved to the position according to FIG. 8 for a new filling process, in which its underside is closed by the drawing plate 113 still located there, but its top is connected to the lower discharge end 119 of the filling box 118.

Die mit den Mineralfasern 4b gefüllten Hohlblocksteine werden nun durch den Spannrahmen 106 aus der Stellung gemäß Fig. 11 zurück zur Palette 6 verfahren, jedoch auf dem Weg dorthin ober- und unterseitig durch die Sprüheinrichtung 124 gemäß Fig. 12 besprüht, die der Sprüheinrichtung 24 gemäß Fig. 6 entspricht und ebenfalls zwei in horizontalem Abstand angeordnete, durch ein Zuleitungsrohr 125 verbundene Sprührohre 126, 127 aufweist, die mit einander zugekehrten Sprühdüsen 128 versehen sind. Aus diesen Sprühdüsen 128 der in entsprechender Weise verfahrbaren Sprüheinrichtung 124 werden dann die gefüllten Hohlblocksteine ober-und unterseitig mit einer aushärtbaren Materialschicht 5, bevorzugt einem Klebstoff, besprüht, um ein unbeabsichtigtes Herausfallen der Mineralfasern 4b aus den Steinkammern 2 zu verhindern.The hollow block stones filled with the mineral fibers 4b are now moved back to the pallet 6 by the tensioning frame 106 from the position according to FIG. 11, but are sprayed on the way there from above and below by the spray device 124 according to FIG. 12, which corresponds to the spray device 24 6 corresponds and also has two spray pipes 126, 127 which are arranged at a horizontal distance and are connected by a feed pipe 125 and which are provided with spray nozzles 128 facing one another. From these spray nozzles 128 of the spray device 124, which can be moved in a corresponding manner, the filled hollow block stones are then sprayed on the top and bottom with a hardenable material layer 5, preferably an adhesive, in order to prevent the mineral fibers 4b from accidentally falling out of the stone chambers 2.

Danach werden die derart behandelten Hohlblocksteine 1 durch den Spannrahmen 106 beispielsweise wieder auf der Palette 6 abgesetzt, so daß sie die aus Fig. 7 ersichtliche Ausbildung und Lage haben können.Thereafter, the hollow blocks 1 treated in this way are again placed on the pallet 6 by the clamping frame 106, for example, so that they can have the design and position shown in FIG. 7.

Claims (26)

1. A method for producing a thermally insulating hollow block, in which a thermally insulating filling consisting of interlocking mineral fibers is introduced at least partially into the chambers of the hollow block which are open at least on one side, and the open ends of the chambers are then sealed by applying a thin layer of material, characterized in that mineral fibers reduced in size are withdrawn in proportioned amounts from a supply, and then introduced simultaneously from above via the open ends of the chambers into the chambers (2) of several hollow blocks (1) arranged one beside the other, the mineral fibers being introduced into the chambers pneumatically by applying overpressure and/or a vacuum, or mechanically by stuffing.
2. The method as in claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fibers are prefabricated from a mat-shaped mineral fiber web, mineral fiber felt or a mineral fiber mat by reduction in size, and are given a flake or granular shape during said reduction.
3. The method as in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mineral fibers are disaggregated before being introduced into the chambers.
4. The method as in any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the introduction of the mineral fibers into the chambers is supported by vibration.
5. The method as in claim 1, characterized in that the mineral fibers are sluiced with water during or after introduction into the chambers, the water running through the mineral fibers from the top to the bottom.
6. The method as in any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mineral fiber filling is sprayed, after its introduction, in the area of the open ends of the chambers with a material which sticks to it, in particular an adhesive or a slurry of cement with a low alkali content or gypsum.
7. The method as in claim 6, characterized in that the filled hollow blocks are raised to be sprayed on the underside.
8. An apparatus for carrying out the method as in claim 1, characterized by a movable holding means (6, 106) for taking up at least tow rows of hollow blocks (1) with the open ends of the chambers pointing upward, a proportionning mold (7, 107) capable of being charged from above with a proportioned amount of mineral fibers (4b) are arranged above the chambers (2) to be filled, at least when in its discharging position in which the proportioned amount of mineral fibers (4b) introduced into it is discharged into the chambers (2), and exhibiting openings of passage (10, 110) which are capable of being sealed at the bottom and are separated by vertical walls (11) or slanted walls (111), the number and/or arrangement and/or horizontal section design of these openings corresponding to the chambers (2), and by an introducing means (8, 108) arranged in vertical alignment above the hollow blocks (1) for pneumatically introducing mineral fibers from the proportioning mold into the chambers by applying overpressure and/or a vacuum, or for mechanically introducing them by stuffing.
9. The apparatus as in claim 8, characterized in that the movable holding means in designed as a tension frame (106) and in that the introducing means is a hood (108) capable of being acted upon in the interior by compressed air and being placed upon the top of the proportioning mold (107).
10. The apparatus as in claim 9, characterized in that the hood (108) is divided into single chambers (135) the number of which corresponds to that of the openings of passage (110) in the proportioning mold (107).
11. The apparatus as in any of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the underside of the hollow blocks (1) may be sealed by a grid (136).
12. The apparatus as in claim 11, characterized in that the grid (136) forms the end of a lower, upwardly turned hood (13) capable of being acted upon in the interior by overpressure or a vacuum.
13. The apparatus as in claim 8, characterized in that the movable holding means is a pallet (6) and in that the introducing means is designed as a stuffing die (8) capable of moving up and down and having stuffing fingers (16) the number, arrangement and horizontal section design of which correspond to the openings of passage (10) of the proportioning mold (7) and which, when in the stuffing position, penetrate these openings of passage (10) and engage the chamber (2).
14. The apparatus as in claim 13, characterized in that the pallet (6) is capable of being moved in a horizontal pushing path (9) until it is below the stuffing die (8).
15. The apparatus as in claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the stuffing fingers (16) and the openings of passage (10) of the proportioning mold (7) have a cross-sectional area such that the openings of passage (10) of the proportioning mold (7) take up the stuffing fingers (16) without any gap.
16. The apparatus as in any of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the cross-sectional areas of the stuffing fingers (16) or of the openings (10) in the proportioning mold (7) are slightly smaller than those of the chambers (2).
17. The apparatus as in any of claims 8 to 16. characterized in that the filling height of the proportioning mold (7) is adapted to the desired degree of filling for the mineral fiber filling (4) in the chambers (2).
18. The apparatus as in any of claims 8 to 17, characterized in that a vibrating means (12, 112) is assigned to the proportioning mold (7, 107) for finely proportioning the amount of mineral fibers (4b) to be taken up.
19. The apparatus as in any of claims 8 to 18, characterized in that the openings of passage (10, 110) of the proportioning mold (7, 107) are capable of being sealed at the bottom by a drawing plate (13, 113) which is horizontally displaceable relative to the proportioning mold and capable of being moved into a gap (15, 115) formed between the top of the hollow blocks (1) and the underside of the proportioning mold.
20. The apparatus as in any of claims 8 to 19, characterized in that a supply vessel (18, 118) for prefabricated mineral fibers reduced in size (4a) is arranged laterally beside the introducing means (8, 108), the proportioning mold (7, 107) being capable of being charged from the lower end (19, 119) of this supply vessel (18, 118).
21. The apparatus as in claim 20, characterized in that the proportioning mold (107) is capable of being moved horizontally between the discharging end (119) of the supply vessel (118) and the top of the hollow blocks (1).
22. The apparatus as in claim 20, characterized in that the proportioning mold (7) is arranged stationarily above the chambers (2) to be filled and is capable of being charged by a separate filling cart (20) which is open at least at the top and capable of being moved horizontally between a filling position below the discharging end (19) of the supply vessel (18) and an emptying position above the proportioning mold (7).
23. The apparatus as in claim 20, characterized in that the proportioning mold (7) exhibits a locking plate (22) protruding away horizontally towards the supply vessel (18) for sealing the open underside of the filling cart (20) in its filling position below the supply vessel (18).
24. The apparatus as in claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the filling cart (20) exhibits a locking plate (23) extending away horizontally in the same direction as the locking plate (22) of the proportioning mold (7), which seals the discharging end (19) of the supply vessel (18) when the filling cart (20) is in its emptying position above the proportioning mold (7).
25. The apparatus as in any of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that a spraying means (24, 124) is arranged in the path of movement of the block holding means (6, 106) after the supply vessel (18, 118) for spraying at least the top of the hollow blocks (1) to seal the ends of the chambers.
26. The apparatus as in claim 25, characterized in that the hollow blocks (1) are capable of being jointly raised by a lifting means (29, 106) for their undersides to be sprayed, and in that the spraying means (24, 124) is capable of being moved below or above the hollow blocks (1).
EP81105767A 1980-07-25 1981-07-22 Method and apparatus for making a heat-insulated hollow block Expired EP0045047B1 (en)

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AT81105767T ATE14330T1 (en) 1980-07-25 1981-07-22 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A HEAT-INSULATING HOLLOW BLOCK.

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DE8020053 1980-07-25
DE8020053U 1980-07-25
DE3122087 1981-06-03
DE19813122087 DE3122087C2 (en) 1980-07-25 1981-06-03 Method and device for the production of a thermally insulating hollow block

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EP0045047A1 EP0045047A1 (en) 1982-02-03
EP0045047B1 true EP0045047B1 (en) 1985-07-17

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1784364B2 (en) * 1968-07-31 1977-02-17 Dennert, Heinz, 8602 Bischberg EXTERIOR WALL STONE WITH CAVITY FILLED WITH A THERMAL INSULATION
FR1588901A (en) * 1968-09-16 1970-03-16
FR2201377B1 (en) * 1972-09-22 1976-03-12 Marseille Tuileries
DE2532873A1 (en) * 1975-07-23 1977-02-17 Baustoffwerke Muehlacker Ag Highly heat insulating vapour diffusant masonry - comprises vertically holed block with light insulation filling blown or bonded in
DE2825508A1 (en) * 1978-06-10 1979-12-13 Dennert Kg Veit HOLLOW BLOCK WITH PLASTIC FILLING AS WELL AS THE PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THEIR PRODUCTION

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DE3171390D1 (en) 1985-08-22

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