EP0044401A1 - Cheminée - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0044401A1
EP0044401A1 EP81104478A EP81104478A EP0044401A1 EP 0044401 A1 EP0044401 A1 EP 0044401A1 EP 81104478 A EP81104478 A EP 81104478A EP 81104478 A EP81104478 A EP 81104478A EP 0044401 A1 EP0044401 A1 EP 0044401A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
heated
water
combustion chamber
fireplace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81104478A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0044401B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Armin Burger
Wilhelm Gehrig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kaminbau Burger's Soehne Inh H and U Burger
Original Assignee
BURGER HANS GOTTLIEB
BURGER HANS G
Kaminbau Burgers Sohne
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BURGER HANS GOTTLIEB, BURGER HANS G, Kaminbau Burgers Sohne filed Critical BURGER HANS GOTTLIEB
Priority to AT81104478T priority Critical patent/ATE18295T1/de
Publication of EP0044401A1 publication Critical patent/EP0044401A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0044401B1 publication Critical patent/EP0044401B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
    • F24B1/183—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with additional provisions for heating water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fireplace according to the preamble of claim 1 and according to the preamble of claim 5 to a heat exchanger for heating water in such a fireplace.
  • the space to be heated is heated not only by the radiant heat of the fire but also by recirculated room air heated in the fireplace and / or by fresh air supplied and heated in the fireplace.
  • the invention specified in claims 1 and 5 is based on the object of better utilizing the heat of combustion of such a heating fireplace by additionally heating water which is used, for example, as warm water, and / or circulating in a water circuit, in particular a hot water heater, so that with the fireplace not only the room in which it is located and in which for its The required negative pressure must prevail. but also one or more other rooms can be heated, in which the hot water heating is installed, whereby the pressure conditions in these other rooms are not important.
  • the water heating should not significantly affect the air heating or the radiant heat of the fireplace.
  • the smoke extraction that is particularly important in a fireplace should not be hampered by installations in the smoke extraction path.
  • the flat heat exchanger which forms a boundary of the air duct exposed to the fire or a partition wall to be flowed through by the water between the air duct and the combustion chamber of the heating fireplace, has a double function, unlike conventional heat exchangers. Heat does not only pass from the fire to the water and is, for example, transferred to the water circuit of the hot water heating system. In addition, heat also passes from the water, which is warmed by the heat transfer just mentioned, to the air flowing through the channel. So there are two heat transfers. This removes heat from the water on the side of the heat exchanger that delimits the air duct. This lowers the water temperature, but the temperature difference between the water and the combustion chamber increases accordingly, so that the water absorbs more heat from the fire.
  • the heat removal can be practically compensated for by the increased heat absorption.
  • the heat transfer to the water then has practically no lower temperature of the air in the air duct and the heat transfer to this air does not result in a lower water temperature.
  • More heat is extracted from fire and made usable.
  • the heat extraction only affects that reflected on the rear wall of the combustion chamber Part of the radiant heat of the fire, which is negligible because this sooty, black wall hardly reflects. It follows from this that the efficiency of the fireplace is significantly increased by water heating: because this is additional, without any appreciable impairment of air heating and radiant heat.
  • the arrangement and design of the heat exchanger do not require any changes to the combustion chamber or any built-in components above the combustion chamber, which could impair the smoke extraction that is particularly important in a fireplace (open fireplace).
  • the latter not only means that the air heated in the lintel channel is further heated in the riser channel. but also has the advantage that the buoyancy in the riser duct exposed to the heat of the fire supports the intake of fresh air, so that a smaller negative pressure in the room is sufficient to draw in the fresh air, and no fan for the fresh air supply is necessary generally can not be dispensed with if the warm fresh air is directed from the lower end of the lintel channel directly into the room to be heated.
  • the lower end of the riser duct is not only connected to the lower end of the lintel duct but also through an opening to the room to be heated, additional air circulation heating is achieved by sucking in room air through this opening, which increases with that rising in the riser duct , warmed fresh air is mixed, heated and further heated in the riser duct. A mixture of heated fresh air and reheated (circulated) room air is then supplied to the room to be heated from the upper end of this duct.
  • the heat transfer to the water does not result in any significant reduction in the heat radiation and the heat transfer to the fresh air to be supplied to the room and the circulated room air, especially since the fresh air is additionally heated again in the riser duct after being heated by the heat exchanger, such as in the embodiments described below.
  • Fig. 1 is the base plate, 2 a base plate, 3 and 4 two mutually symmetrical side parts that laterally delimit the firebox, 5 is an end plate which is cut in half for the purpose of broken down representation, 6 is the smoke collecting element of the fireplace.
  • a heat exchanger for heating water of a hot water heater (not shown) consists of two parts 7 and 8, which are designed as flat sheet steel boxes and are welded together at right angles to one another. that their cavities communicate with each other.
  • the sheet thickness is 5 mm and the wall distance is 60 mm.
  • the part 7 of the heat exchanger forms the floor of the combustion chamber and lies on the base plate 2.
  • Its lower wall 9 delimits two draft channels, each of which is opened by an opening 11 are formed in the base plate 2 and a depression 12 in the base plate 1 and on the one hand via a control flap 13 for combustion air with the (not shown) fresh air intake point on the outside of the building and on the other hand through recesses 14 formed on the edge of the opening 11 and the (not shown) Fire grate, which is arranged in a through opening 15 of part 7 of the heat exchanger (FIGS. 2 and 4), are connected to the combustion chamber.
  • the other part 8 of the heat exchanger forms a lower part of the rear wall of the combustion chamber.
  • a heat-conducting plate 16 for example made of cast iron, connects to the front, upper edge of this part 8 of the heat exchanger and forms the upper part of the rear wall of the combustion chamber, which extends to the rear edge of an opening 17 formed in the end plate 5, which with a
  • the regulating flap 18 is provided and leads into the smoke exhaust duct 119 of the smoke collecting element 6.
  • a partition wall 21 extends at a distance behind the rear wall 8, 16 of the base plate 2 to almost the end plate 5. Between the partition 21 and the rear wall 8, 16, a lintel channel 22 is formed for fresh air coming from the fresh air collection point, the flow of which a regulating flap 23 can be regulated.
  • the lower end of the lintel channel 22 is connected by a recess 24 in the base plate 2 to the lower end of two riser channels, each of which is formed on the inside of one of the side parts 3 and 4. is separated from the combustion chamber by a heat-conducting plate 30, for example made of cast iron. communicates with the space to be heated above through an opening 26 and, as already mentioned as a further development, can also have an opening 29 (with regulating flap 40) leading into the space to be heated below.
  • a heat-conducting plate 30 for example made of cast iron.
  • the heat exchanger 7, 8 of the heating fireplace can be used alone or in addition to a boiler, a solar collector, a heat pump or another device for heating water or a heated water-supplying storage tank of a hot water heater, being in series or with one or more such devices can be connected in parallel using mixing devices.
  • the fresh air to be heated flows in the direction of arrow 43 to the upper end of the lintel duct 22, is heated therein on the hot rear side of the rear wall 16, 41 of the furnace, passes through the recess 24 to the riser duct 25 in the left side part 3, which is exposed to the heat of the fire is and flows after the further heating caused thereby through the opening 26 into the room to be heated, and also through the (not shown) riser duct in the right side part 4.
  • the room is heated both by the radiant heat of the fire and by supplying the heated fresh air .
  • the water flowing through the heat exchanger 8, 9 acting as a flow heater is heated. It is not - as might be expected - that the water temperature is reduced by heating the air or the air temperature by heating the water, but, as already explained above, more heat is removed from the combustion chamber and the efficiency of the fireplace is significantly increased.
  • the heat exchanger according to FIGS. 2 to 4 has a connecting piece 27 for the water inlet at an upper corner of part 8 and a connecting piece 28 for the water outlet at the other upper corner.
  • Pipes 31 and 32 are connected to these connecting pieces 27 and 28 and connect the heat exchanger 7, 8 to the water circuit of the hot water heating system (not shown in the rest).
  • the line 31 is either sideways across the riser channel 25 of the side part 3 or down through this channel 25 and then through a hole (not shown) in the base plate 2 and in the base plate 1 through to the part of the installed in the basement of the house Hot water heating led.
  • the other line 32 is likewise passed through the riser channel (not shown) in the other side part 4 either sideways or downwards through this channel, the base plate 2 and the base plate 1.
  • the plate 16 connects to the front, upper edge of the part 8 of the heat exchanger. so that the connecting pieces 27, 28 and the parts of the lines 31, 32 adjoining them run in the lintel channel. where they're not exposed to fire
  • the heat exchanger according to FIGS. 2 to 4 is symmetrical to a vertical plane 33 running from the front to the rear.
  • the part 8 of the heat exchanger (FIGS. 2 and 3) is separated by a partition 34 which extends to the bottom 9 of the heat exchanger ( bottom wall of the heat exchanger part 7) extends, divided into two chambers 35 and 36.
  • baffles 37 are arranged, which are directed in the chambers 35 and 36 obliquely downwards to the partition wall 34 or level 33 and in part 7 of the heat exchanger obliquely backwards to level 33.
  • a longitudinal edge of the guide plates 37 is welded to one of the walls 9 and 38 or 39 and 41, the other longitudinal edge is so close to the other of these walls that only an insignificant part of the water flow can pass the joint. This applies accordingly to the partition wall 34 (and also to the guide plates 51 in FIG. 5).
  • the heat exchanger according to FIGS. 2 to 4 is intended for a water circulation with a circulation pump.
  • a circulation pump thermosiphon circulation or so-called gravity operation
  • the water inlet on the front of part 7 and the water outlet on the upper side of part 8 would have to be provided in the middle.
  • the partition 34 would be omitted.
  • the heat exchanger according to FIG. 5 differs from that according to FIGS. 2 to 4 in that its inlet connection 45 and outlet connections 46 are arranged on the front corners of the lower wall (floor) 9 of the heat exchanger part 7, so that the connecting lines can be led vertically downward through the cavity 11 of the base plate 2 and through the base plate 1 (FIG. 1).
  • the inlet connector 45 leads to the part 7.
  • the outlet connector 46 is connected by a connecting tube 47 running above the bottom 9 of the parts 7 and 8 to a standpipe 48 which is arranged in the middle of the length of the part 8, closed at the bottom and open at the top .
  • the standpipe extends up to the top wall 49 of the heat exchanger part 8.
  • connection piece 52 for a line is arranged, which leads to an automatic vent (not shown).
  • This breather can be a float valve or a breather with a swell seal and is conveniently located at an easily accessible point in the fireplace, e.g. arranged in the opening 26 (Fig. 1). This prevents steam or air separated during the heating of the water from collecting in the heat exchanger part 8 at the top and pushing the water surface to below the opening of the standpipe 48, which could lead to disturbances in the water circulation and to overheating of the water in the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 5 is suitable for a fireplace, which is in a hot water heater is used with a circulation pump.
  • a variant of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 5 is suitable for use in the circulation of water by gravity (thermosiphon heating), in which the parts 46 to 48 are omitted and instead a dot-dash line in FIG. 5 is shown in the middle of the upper wall 49 of the heat exchanger part 8 Water outlet connection 53 is provided.
  • the fireplace is used to heat water from a hot water heater that still has another hot water source, e.g. has a boiler or a hot water storage tank
  • the heated water supplied by the boiler or hot water storage tank would heat up the heating fireplace when the heat exchanger flows through without adequate use for heating the room in which it is located and with the regulating flap 18 ( Fig. 1) would then escape through the smoke exhaust duct 9 into the open.
  • a connecting piece 54 for a (not “shown) immersion sleeve with a temperature sensor for a two-point controller is provided on the upper wall 49 of the heat exchanger part 8, which interrupts the water circulation through the heat exchanger as long as the temperature at Temperature sensor is lower than, for example, 60 to 70 ° C.
  • the controller can switch off the circulating pump or, in the case of water circulation, close a valve in series with the heat exchanger by gravity.
  • Such a temperature sensor can also be used in the heat exchanger according to FIGS The same effect can be achieved with a temperature sensor which is arranged in the flue gas discharge duct 9 or in a warm air duct, for example in the riser duct 25, and which responds to a temperature of, for example, 40 ° C.
  • a fire grate 60 (Fig. 6, 7, 8) is arranged, which extends almost over the entire surface of the heat exchanger part 7, namely only on the part or parts of its circumference, that on the or the open sides of the combustion chamber are set back in relation to the corresponding side or sides of the heat exchanger part 7.
  • this is only the front.
  • the grate has a raised edge, which prevents, in particular, glowing parts of the coal or briquettes burning on the grate.
  • the front ends 61 of the grate bars 62 are bent upward, and on the left and on the right side of the grate 6C, a bar 63 and 64 are arranged closely above the upper level of the grate bars 62.
  • the rest rods 62 are welded to a front and to a rear cross member 65 and 66.
  • a foot 67 is welded to the ends of the front cross member 65 and a foot 68 is welded to the ends of the rear cross member 66.
  • the feet 67 and 68 support the grate at a distance a above the heat exchanger part 7.
  • the grate 60 enables optimal combustion of coal or briquettes over practically the entire floor of the combustion chamber, in that the combustion air passes through the opening 15 into the space between the upper wall 38 of the heat exchanger part 7 and the grate 60 and from there to the fire between the grate bars 62 .
  • Coals and briquettes require more combustion air because of their higher calorific value and develop more flue gas than firewood.
  • a heating fireplace of the type described can be complied with by appropriately arranging the combustion air detection point and dimensioning the connecting duct to the room 12 under the combustion chamber floor or heat exchanger part 7 and the opening 15 in this in accordance with the higher combustion air requirement and the smoke extraction in accordance with the greater flue gas development. It is particularly surprising that, despite the open fireplace, a completely sufficient extraction of the flue gases can be achieved. This is attributed to the fact that the present fireplace requires a lower vacuum in the room to draw in fresh air than other open fireplaces (heating fireplaces) and closed fireplaces (indoor stoves). The negative pressure in the room to be heated counteracts the fume extraction, he.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
EP81104478A 1980-07-21 1981-06-11 Cheminée Expired EP0044401B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81104478T ATE18295T1 (de) 1980-07-21 1981-06-11 Heizkamin.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH5556/80 1980-07-21
CH555680 1980-07-21
CH117881 1981-02-23
CH1178/81 1981-02-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0044401A1 true EP0044401A1 (fr) 1982-01-27
EP0044401B1 EP0044401B1 (fr) 1986-02-26

Family

ID=25686904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81104478A Expired EP0044401B1 (fr) 1980-07-21 1981-06-11 Cheminée

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US4426994A (fr)
EP (1) EP0044401B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR8104659A (fr)
CA (1) CA1166106A (fr)
DE (1) DE3173864D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK312581A (fr)
ES (1) ES8204829A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI71830C (fr)
GR (1) GR74963B (fr)
IE (1) IE51375B1 (fr)
IL (1) IL63307A0 (fr)
NO (1) NO151339C (fr)
PL (1) PL232290A1 (fr)
PT (1) PT73381B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2162306A (en) * 1984-07-19 1986-01-29 Newman Frederick George Domestic fireplace
EP1956298A1 (fr) 2007-02-07 2008-08-13 Spartherm Feuerungstechnik GmbH Station d'allumage

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4928667A (en) * 1989-09-12 1990-05-29 Tri Fire Holdings, Ltd. Gas fire heating unit
US5142999A (en) * 1991-05-17 1992-09-01 Axxon Corporation Incinerator with fluid-cooled hearth
ES2051150B1 (es) * 1991-06-10 1996-10-16 Delgado Candido Sebastian Generador de calor (tipo chimenea francesa) para el calentamiento de agua destinada a ser utilizada en instalaciones de calefaccion.
US5224650A (en) * 1991-07-16 1993-07-06 David Gozikowski Fireplace furnace heating system
US20090151711A1 (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Hni Technologies Inc. Fireplace with exhaust heat exchanger
US8978639B2 (en) 2011-10-14 2015-03-17 Hearth & Home Technologies, Inc. Secondary room air heat exchanger and method of heating secondary room air
CN105180423A (zh) * 2015-10-14 2015-12-23 徐天鹏 节能环保锅炉

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB961433A (en) * 1960-02-10 1964-06-24 Eric Raymond Hine Improvements in under-draught domestic firegrate appliances
FR2257064A1 (en) * 1974-01-07 1975-08-01 Breillet Christian Heat recovery device for chimney of a fire - has central heating water coil with valve controlled bypass
US4046320A (en) * 1975-05-02 1977-09-06 Johnson William A Fireplace boiler heating system for hot water type furnaces
FR2398973A1 (fr) * 1977-07-28 1979-02-23 Larroque Andre Cheminee a feu continu
FR2460447A1 (fr) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-23 Barrichon Paul Cheminee a feu apparent avec production d'air et d'eau chauds

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH553948A (de) * 1972-12-06 1974-09-13 Superpart Ag Offene kaminfeuerstelle fuer wohnraeume.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB961433A (en) * 1960-02-10 1964-06-24 Eric Raymond Hine Improvements in under-draught domestic firegrate appliances
FR2257064A1 (en) * 1974-01-07 1975-08-01 Breillet Christian Heat recovery device for chimney of a fire - has central heating water coil with valve controlled bypass
US4046320A (en) * 1975-05-02 1977-09-06 Johnson William A Fireplace boiler heating system for hot water type furnaces
FR2398973A1 (fr) * 1977-07-28 1979-02-23 Larroque Andre Cheminee a feu continu
FR2460447A1 (fr) * 1979-06-29 1981-01-23 Barrichon Paul Cheminee a feu apparent avec production d'air et d'eau chauds

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2162306A (en) * 1984-07-19 1986-01-29 Newman Frederick George Domestic fireplace
EP1956298A1 (fr) 2007-02-07 2008-08-13 Spartherm Feuerungstechnik GmbH Station d'allumage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI71830B (fi) 1986-10-31
PL232290A1 (fr) 1982-02-01
NO151339B (no) 1984-12-10
EP0044401B1 (fr) 1986-02-26
DK312581A (da) 1982-01-22
NO812483L (no) 1982-01-22
BR8104659A (pt) 1982-04-06
US4426994A (en) 1984-01-24
IE51375B1 (en) 1986-12-10
PT73381B (de) 1982-10-27
PT73381A (de) 1981-08-01
IE811526L (en) 1982-01-21
IL63307A0 (en) 1981-10-30
DE3173864D1 (en) 1986-04-03
GR74963B (fr) 1984-07-12
FI812206L (fi) 1982-01-22
CA1166106A (fr) 1984-04-24
NO151339C (no) 1985-03-20
ES504110A0 (es) 1982-05-16
FI71830C (fi) 1987-02-09
ES8204829A1 (es) 1982-05-16

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