EP0043517B1 - Apparatus for drawing a shrinkable film hood over a stack of goods - Google Patents

Apparatus for drawing a shrinkable film hood over a stack of goods Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0043517B1
EP0043517B1 EP81104962A EP81104962A EP0043517B1 EP 0043517 B1 EP0043517 B1 EP 0043517B1 EP 81104962 A EP81104962 A EP 81104962A EP 81104962 A EP81104962 A EP 81104962A EP 0043517 B1 EP0043517 B1 EP 0043517B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rollers
tube
spreading
frame
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81104962A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0043517A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Wilhelm Hannen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH
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MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19803025576 external-priority patent/DE3025576A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19818113736 external-priority patent/DE8113736U1/en
Application filed by MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH filed Critical MSK Verpackungs Systeme GmbH
Priority to AT81104962T priority Critical patent/ATE12376T1/en
Publication of EP0043517A1 publication Critical patent/EP0043517A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0043517B1 publication Critical patent/EP0043517B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/13Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the preformed tubular webs being supplied in a flattened state
    • B65B9/135Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the preformed tubular webs being supplied in a flattened state for palletised loads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for covering stacks of goods with hoods made of shrinkable film tubes, with a device for pulling the flat film tube off a roll, a welding and cutting device for making transverse seams and for cutting off tube sections, with movable grippers for gripping the free hood edge and with a device for spreading the flat film tube.
  • the shrink hoods are drawn onto finished, in particular palletized, stacks of goods, which are brought up to or past the device on a conveyor, which are shrunk in a subsequent heat treatment and then enclose the stack of goods as a relatively solid packaging.
  • the shrink hoods are formed in the device by cutting off sections of appropriate length from a film tube pulled off a roll and providing them with a bottom transverse weld seam.
  • the tubular film is pulled off a roll, passed over a spreading frame and opened in the process.
  • the spreader frame is supported on transport rollers, which in turn can be moved up and down on a frame together with the spreader frame. By moving the spreading frame and additional rotation of the transport rollers, a corresponding section of the tubular film is pulled from the roll and over the object to be packaged (DE-A-1 912 945).
  • a device for packaging a group of objects (FR-A-2 300 009) also works with a spreader frame, in which, however, the film opened with the aid of the spreader frame is cut into strips immediately behind the spreader frame.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a device of the type described above so that it is suitable for largely automatic operation.
  • the movable grippers are arranged essentially above the welding and cutting device and that below the welding and cutting device, but within the hose end, the device for spreading the opposing walls of the flat film tube is arranged, the one Has spreading frame, which has a substantially triangular cross-section in a projection perpendicular to the hose axis and is supported on the walls of the hose end on the machine frame.
  • the film tube pulled off the roll passes this spreading device, if necessary, via a deflecting roller arranged below the spreading device, its walls are inevitably spread out, the extent of the spreading being able to depend on the respectively desired conditions.
  • the spreading device located inside the hose end acts essentially due to its own weight and spreads the hose section pulled over it in accordance with its geometric shape. The hose end thus spread can be gripped by the grippers and pulled through the welding and cutting device to a height corresponding to the desired hood length.
  • the welding and cutting device located above the spreading device is actuated, which, on the one hand, makes a transverse seam and, on the other hand, separates the hose section that has been removed, which now hangs as a finished hood exclusively on the grippers and is pulled by these by swiveling the grippers onto the stack of goods located next to the device becomes.
  • the remaining end of the hose underneath the welding and cutting device is spread and can be gripped by the grippers without manual help during the next operation.
  • the device for spreading can have a spreading frame which has sliders or rollers for guiding the tube walls in the region of its corners.
  • the expansion frame should have at least one roller in the area of its lower triangular tip and on that of the welding and cutting device facing side have at least four roles. This allows a film tube of a certain size to be spread without difficulty and without wrinkling or corrugation of the tube walls so that it has an essentially rectangular cross section at the upper end of the spreading device.
  • Support plates or support rollers arranged outside the film tube are expediently assigned, which are mounted on the machine and form a guide for the film tube as they pass through the spreading device and support the spreading device when the film tube is pulled from top to bottom. In addition, this creates a machine-specific association between the spreading device and the downstream welding and cutting device and the movable grippers.
  • hoods are to be pulled onto stacks of goods with the device of the side gusset hoods
  • an embodiment is recommended in which the four rollers of the expansion frame engage in the area of the outer fold lines between walls and side gussets and two in one on a machine frame, in particular at the height of these four rollers additional roles are arranged, which attack from the outside on the inner fold lines of the gussets.
  • the rollers acting from the outside can be spring-loaded so that circumferential tolerances of the film tube are compensated for, and the walls or side folds are always guided through the device with low tension and smoothly.
  • the film tube should not be spread completely, but only partially, more or less acute angles are formed between the walls on the one hand and the subsequent side folds on the other hand.
  • the four upper rollers of the expansion frame can be designed as flat disks, the disk plane of which extends approximately centrally between the associated wall on the one hand from the associated wall and, on the other hand, from the subsequent side gusset.
  • the panes then lie only circumferentially in the area of the assigned folding lines on the film tube, and they are also supported on the support plates or support rollers arranged outside the film tube.
  • rollers for guiding the walls of the film tube in particular the side-gusseted tube, between two rollers on the expansion frame , are arranged to which support rollers are assigned outside the film tube. Then the walls of the film tube are additionally guided by these rollers, where appropriate they are also pulled smooth when the grippers have gripped the free edge of the film tube and pull up a further section of the film tube.
  • the movable grippers are arranged essentially below the welding and cutting device and that above the welding and cutting device, but within the hose end, the device for spreading the opposite walls of the flat film tube is arranged, which has a spreading frame, which has a substantially triangular cross section in a projection perpendicular to the hose axis and is supported on the walls of the hose end on the machine frame.
  • the film tube pulled off the roll passes this spreading device, if necessary, via a deflecting roller arranged above the spreading device, its walls are inevitably spread apart, the extent of the spreading being able to depend on the respectively desired conditions.
  • the spreading device located within the hose end is supported on the machine frame through the walls of the hose end and spreads the hose section pulled over it in accordance with its geometric shape.
  • the spread hose end can then be gripped by the grippers below the spreading device and pulled directly over the stack of goods after the welding and cutting device has been actuated and has cut off a hose section corresponding to the desired hood length and closed it with a transverse weld seam.
  • the device for spreading can have a spreading frame which has sliders or rollers for guiding the tube walls in the region of its corners.
  • the spreader frame should have at least four rollers on its underside, to which support rollers are assigned outside the film tube. Each of these rollers should have a parallel axis with its assigned support roller.
  • the rollers acting from the outside can be spring-loaded so that circumferential tolerances of the film tube are compensated for, and the walls or side folds are always guided through the device with low tension and smoothly.
  • the four rollers of the expansion frame can be designed as flat disks, the disk level of which extends approximately midway between the plane formed on the expanded tube end on the one hand by the associated wall and on the other hand by the subsequent side fold.
  • a guide plate for the film can be arranged next to each of these four rollers so that the free end of the film tube can be gripped by grippers or a tensioning device.
  • engaging rollers should be arranged on the flat walls of the expanded film tube, which are supported on machine-fixed support rollers arranged outside the foil tube.
  • further rollers can be arranged which engage on flat walls of the film tube and which are supported on machine-fixed support rollers arranged outside the film tube.
  • a device for spanning the opening of the tube end with tension fingers that can be inserted into the opening and spans the opening is provided below the spreader frame.
  • the clamping fingers are expediently guided on lever gears, with hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders being assigned to them as actuators. After the gripping fingers engage in the opening, the gripping fingers are pulled apart in such a way that in particular they stretch the broad sides of the film tube, which thereby assume a predetermined spatial position and orientation, so that the grippers can then be brought up and grasp the edge of these broad sides.
  • the grippers consist of gripper tongs which are arranged to be controlled by movable gripper arms.
  • One of the jaws is fixed to the gripper arm, while the other jaw is articulated on the gripper arm and is supported on the gripper arm by an actuator. Since the grippers or the gripper tongs need only be moved to a certain point at which the lower edge of the film tube is then located, the mechanics of the gripper arms can be designed to be relatively simple. It is only advisable to ensure that when the gripper is closed, only the free ends of the jaws touch each other, so that a defined clamping pressure can be exerted on the gripped edge of the film tube. This can be done e.g. B. realize that the pivot point of the two jaws is not in the planes formed by the inside of the jaws.
  • the pliers jaws can be made of flexible material, but you can also make the ends of the pliers jaws spherical.
  • a further proposal of the invention is to attach a scraper to the movable jaw. This can be a simple lever that strips the edge of the hood from the other pliers jaw when the movable pliers jaw is pivoted.
  • the device shown serves to cover stacks of goods with hoods made of shrinkable film tubes.
  • it consists of a device for pulling a flat film tube 1 from a roll 2, a welding and cutting device 3 for attaching transverse seams to and for severing tube sections 4, and movable grippers 5, 6 for gripping the free hood edge 7.
  • the movable grippers 5, 6 are the at the same time form the device for pulling the flat film tube 1 from the winding 2, arranged above the welding and cutting device 3, so that the initially flat film tube 1 is guided in the vertical direction through the device.
  • the film tube 1 is a gusseted tube.
  • the film tube 1 drawn off the roll 2 is first guided over a tensioning device 11 and then over a deflection roller 12 arranged below the device 8 for spreading. It then reaches the area of the device 8 for spreading, which has a spreading frame, not shown in detail, which is located within the film tube 1.
  • the spreading frame has a roller 13 at the lower end, which rests on one or both walls 9 and 10 of the film tube and which are associated with machine-resistant support plates 14, 15 outside the film tube 1, which are arranged at an angle to the vertical and thereby the Define the spreading angle of the film tube 1 to be spread.
  • two rollers can also be arranged next to one another, each abutting one of the walls 9 or 10 and possibly supported on the support plates 14 or 15.
  • the spreading frame on its upper side which is associated with the welding and cutting device 3 has 4 rotatable disks 16, 17, 18, 19, the axes of which are each arranged in such a way that the respective disk levels are approximately in the middle between the one on the expanded hose end of the associated wall 9 or 10 and, on the other hand, planes formed by the respective side gussets 20 and 21 respectively.
  • the disks 16 to 19 run with their respective peripheral edges along the fold lines between the walls 9 and 10 and the subsequent side folds 20 and 21.
  • the disks 16 to 19 are machine-fixed support rollers outside the film tube 1 22 assigned.
  • rollers 25, 26 are pivotably or displaceably mounted on the machine frame against the action of springs 24, approximately at the height of the disks 16 to 19. These rollers 25 and 26 engage in the respective side folds 20 and 21 and run on the Fold lines of the gussets 20, 21 from. Since they are acted upon by the associated springs 24, they stretch the already expanded film tube 1 in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 3.
  • rollers 27, 28 are arranged on the expansion frame between the rollers 16, 18 and 17, 19, to which 1 support rollers 29 are assigned outside the film tube.
  • the walls 9 and 10 of the expanded film tube 1 are guided smoothly over these rollers 27 and 28.
  • the expansion frame is secured against lateral tilting by these rollers 27, 28 and the associated support rollers 29.
  • the device shown works as follows: It is assumed that the state shown in FIG. 1, in which a free hood edge 7 remains above the device 8 for spreading open after the preceding hood has been cut off. This edge of the hood is gripped by the grippers 5, 6, which are pivoted in a suitable manner and guided up to the edge of the hood 7. The grippers 5, 6 must pass through the level of the welding and cutting device 3. For this reason, the cutting and welding device 3 has two welding jaws 32, 33 which can be displaced in the direction of the arrows 30 and 31, with connected cutting knives 34. The welding jaws 32, 33 have moved apart while the grippers 5, 6 move downwards or swivel out around the to capture the upper free hood edge 7.
  • the hose section 4 adjoining the hood edge 7 initially has a prismatic shape with a cross section as defined by the walls 9, 10 and the side folds 20, 21 in FIG. 3.
  • the two welding jaws 30, 31 are moved against one another, taking the walls 9, 10 and corresponding parts of the side folds 20, 21 with them and clamping them between them , so that a cross weld seam defining the bottom of the hood is formed and at the same time the hose section 4 forming the hood is separated below the cross weld seam 35.
  • the separated edge again forms a new hood edge 7, which is picked up by the grippers 5, 6 in the next operation.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 5 to 15 is used to cover stacks of goods with hoods made of shrinkable film tubes. It also consists of a device for pulling a flat film tube 1 from a reel 2, a welding and cutting device 3 for attaching transverse seams and for severing tube sections 4, and movable grippers 5, 6 for gripping the free hood edge 7. How 5, the film tube 1 is pulled from the roll 2 via a deflection roller 40, which is located at the level of a working platform 41, first upwards and then via a further deflection roller 42, a tensioning device 11 with a dancer roller 43, before it is pulled over another deflection roller 44 deflected downward and a device 8 for spreading the opposing walls 9, 10 of the flat film tube is fed.
  • a deflection roller 40 which is located at the level of a working platform 41, first upwards and then via a further deflection roller 42, a tensioning device 11 with a dancer roller 43, before it is pulled over another deflection roller 44 deflect
  • the device 8 for spreading has a spreading frame, not shown in detail, which is located within the film tube 1.
  • the spreading frame has on its lower side rotatable discs 16, 17, 18, 19, the axes of which are each arranged in such a way that the respective disc planes are approximately in the middle between the splayed hose end on the one hand from the associated wall 9 or 10 and on the other hand from the each subsequent side folds 20 and 21 levels formed.
  • the disks 16 to 19 run with their respective peripheral edges along the fold lines between the walls 9 and 10 and the subsequent side folds 20 and 21.
  • the disks 16 to 19 are machine-fixed support rollers 22 outside the film tube assigned, whose axes are arranged parallel to the axes of the assigned disks.
  • guide plates 45 are also provided, on the outside of which the film tube is guided in the area of its fold lines.
  • rollers 25, 26 are pivotably and displaceably mounted on the machine frame against the action of springs (not shown), approximately at the height of the disk 16 to 19. These rollers 25 and 26 engage and run in the respective side folds 20 and 21, respectively on the fold lines of the gussets 20, 21. Since they are acted upon by the assigned springs, they stretch the already expanded film tube 1 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 9.
  • rollers 27, 28 are arranged on the expansion frame, which are supported on machine-fixed support rollers 29 arranged outside the film tube 1. Together with rollers 46, 47 arranged approximately halfway up the spreader frame, which are supported through the walls 9, 10 on machine-fixed support rollers 48, 49, said rollers support the spreader frame. Below the spreader frame there is a device for clamping the opening of the hose end with clamping fingers 50 that can be inserted into the opening and stretching the opening. Two clamping fingers 50 are attached to a common carrier 51, and at some distance from the ends of the carrier, so that the Foil material does not get caught on the carrier.
  • the carriers 51 of the clamping fingers 50 are mounted on a lever mechanism 52, to which two pneumatic cylinders 53, 54 are assigned as actuators.
  • the kinematics of the lever mechanism 52 is such that the clamping fingers 50 can be moved into the opening of the expanded hose end according to FIG. 9 and then moved outwards until the clamping fingers 50 engage in the corners of the X-shaped opening. If the clamping fingers are pulled outwards by actuating the pneumatic cylinders 53, they clamp the walls 9, 10 of the film tube in such a way that the edge of these walls 9, 10 can now be gripped by grippers which grip the edge and the subsequent tube section over one below it the existing stack of goods, not shown.
  • the grippers 5, 6 shown in FIG. 11 each have two gripper tongs 55, 56.
  • the gripper tongs 55, 56 are each arranged at the ends of gripper arms 57, 58.
  • the gripper arms are pivotally arranged on a support 59 which in turn is movable up and down in the direction of arrow 60, so that the grippers 5, 6 are able to pull a hose section, which will later become a hood, from the expansion frame and him over the stack of goods underneath.
  • the grippers 5, 6 are coupled to one another via a lever gear 61, a pneumatic cylinder 62 serving as the actuator.
  • each gripper 55 or 56 has a gripper jaw 63 fixedly attached to the associated gripper arm 57 or 58, the inside of which serves as a clamping surface being roughened.
  • another jaw 64 is articulated, which is supported by a pneumatic cylinder 65 as an actuator on the associated gripper arm 57 (FIG. 12).
  • the pivotable pliers jaw 64 has a spherical projection 66 at its outer end, so that a defined clamping force can be achieved between the two pliers jaws when the gripper pliers are closed.
  • a scraper 67 is also connected to the swiveling pliers jaw 64, which strips off a film which may adhere to the fixed pliers jaw 63 when the gripper pliers are opened.
  • the device shown works as follows: It is assumed that the state shown in FIG. 5, in which a free hood edge 7 remains below the device 8 for spreading out after the preceding hood has been cut off.
  • the clamping fingers 50 are then inserted into the opening surrounded by the hood edge 7 (FIG. 9) and moved apart so that the state shown in FIG. 10 results.
  • the grippers 5, 6 can now grasp the tensioned edge of the walls 9, 10 (FIG. 13) and pull a further section of the film tube 1 from the spreading device and over the stack of goods located underneath.
  • the grippers 5, 6 can pass between the components of the welding and cutting device 3 that have moved apart.
  • the welding jaws 30, 31 of the welding and cutting device are moved against one another, whereby the walls 9, 10 and corresponding parts of the side folds 20, Take 21 with you and clamp them between them so that a cross weld seam defining the bottom of the shrink hood to be formed is formed and at the same time the tube section forming the hood below the cross weld seam is cut off.
  • the separated edge forms a new hood edge 7, which is picked up by the grippers 5, 6 in the next operation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Überziehen von Gutstapeln mit Hauben aus schrumpfbaren Folienschläuchen, mit einer Einrichtung zum Abziehen des flachgelegten Folienschlauches von einem Wickel, einer Schweiß-und Schneideinrichtung zum Anbringen von Quernähten und zum Abtrennen von Schlauchabschnitten, mit beweglichen Greifern zum Erfassen des freien Haubenrandes und mit einer Einrichtung zum Aufspreizen des flachgelegten Folienschlauches.The invention relates to a device for covering stacks of goods with hoods made of shrinkable film tubes, with a device for pulling the flat film tube off a roll, a welding and cutting device for making transverse seams and for cutting off tube sections, with movable grippers for gripping the free hood edge and with a device for spreading the flat film tube.

Mit derartigen Vorrichtungen werden auf fertige, insbesondere palettierte Gutstapel, die auf einem Förderer an die Vorrichtung herangeführt oder an dieser vorbeigeführt werden, die Schrumpfhauben gezogen, die in einer nachfolgenden Wärmebehandlung geschrumpft werden und dann den Gutstapel als verhältnismäßig feste Verpackung umschließen. Die Schrumpfhauben werden in der Vorrichtung dadurch gebildet, daß von einem von einem Wickel abgezogenen Folienschlauch Abschnitte entsprechender Länge abgetrennt und mit einer Bodenquerschweißnaht versehen werden.With such devices, the shrink hoods are drawn onto finished, in particular palletized, stacks of goods, which are brought up to or past the device on a conveyor, which are shrunk in a subsequent heat treatment and then enclose the stack of goods as a relatively solid packaging. The shrink hoods are formed in the device by cutting off sections of appropriate length from a film tube pulled off a roll and providing them with a bottom transverse weld seam.

Bei einer bekannten Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung (DE-A-2 549 251) wird der die Haube bildende Schlauchabschnitt über den Gutstapel gezogen und erst dann durch Abschweißen vom durchgehenden Schlauch abgetrennt. Die Seitenfalten werden dabei in Führungen gehalten. Es muß dafür Sorge getragen werden, daß die Seitenfalten sich aus ihren Führungen nicht lösen können. Das bereitet insbesondere dann Schwierigkeiten, wenn die Vorrichtung automatisch arbeiten soll. Ähnliches gilt auch für eine andere bekannte Vorrichtung (DE-A-2 706 955), die in vergleichbarer Weise aufgebaut ist und funktioniert.In a known device of the type described at the beginning (DE-A-2 549 251), the tube section forming the hood is pulled over the stack of goods and only then is it separated from the continuous tube by welding. The gussets are held in guides. Care must be taken to ensure that the gussets cannot come loose from their guides. This is particularly difficult when the device is to work automatically. The same applies to another known device (DE-A-2 706 955), which is constructed and works in a comparable manner.

Bei einer weiteren Vorrichtung zum Verpakken von Gegenständen mit Abschnitten einer Schlauchfolie wird die Schlauchfolie von einem Wickel abgezogen, über ein Spreizgestell geführt und dabei geöffnet. Das Spreizgestell ist an Transportrollen abgestützt, die ihrerseits zusammen mit dem Spreizgestell an einem Rahmen auf- und niederbewegbar sind. Durch Bewegung des Spreizgestelles und zusätzliche Drehung der Transportrollen wird ein entsprechender Abschnitt der Schlauchfolie vom Wickel ab und über den zu verpackenden Gegenstand gezogen (DE-A-1 912 945). - Mit einem Spreizgestell arbeitet auch eine Vorrichtung zum Verpacken einer Gruppe von Gegenständen (FR-A-2 300 009), bei der allerdings die mit Hilfe des Spreizgestells geöffnete Folie unmittelbar hinter dem Spreizgestell in Bahnen zerschnitten wird.In a further device for packaging objects with sections of a tubular film, the tubular film is pulled off a roll, passed over a spreading frame and opened in the process. The spreader frame is supported on transport rollers, which in turn can be moved up and down on a frame together with the spreader frame. By moving the spreading frame and additional rotation of the transport rollers, a corresponding section of the tubular film is pulled from the roll and over the object to be packaged (DE-A-1 912 945). - A device for packaging a group of objects (FR-A-2 300 009) also works with a spreader frame, in which, however, the film opened with the aid of the spreader frame is cut into strips immediately behind the spreader frame.

Es ist auch bekannt, die Schrumpfhauben am offenen Ende mit beweglichen Greifern zu erfassen, zu entfalten und durch Verschwenken der Greifer über den Gutstapel zu ziehen (DE-A-2 806 343). Auch dabei werden vorzugsweise Seitenfaltenhauben verwendet. Da die Wandungen und/oder Seitenfalten des flachgelegten und aufgewickelten Folienschlauches fest gegeneinandergepreßt sind und dementsprechend auch aneinanderhaften, ergeben sich Schwierigkeiten dadurch, daß die Wandungen bzw. Seitenfalten, die den freien Haubenrand bilden, zunächst voneinander gelöst werden müssen, bevor sie von den Greifern erfaßt werden können. Dazu ist manuelle Arbeit erforderlich, weil die betreffenden Ränder voneinander gelöst und von Hand den Greifern zugeführt werden müssen. Das ist umständlich.It is also known to grasp the shrink hoods at the open end with movable grippers, to unfold them and to pull them over the stack of goods by pivoting the grippers (DE-A-2 806 343). Side gusset hoods are also preferably used here. Since the walls and / or side folds of the flat and wound film tube are pressed firmly against one another and accordingly also adhere to one another, difficulties arise from the fact that the walls or side folds which form the free hood edge must first be detached from one another before they are gripped by the grippers can be. This requires manual work because the edges in question have to be detached from each other and fed to the grippers by hand. It is cumbersome.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung so zu verbessern, daß sie sich für weitgehend automatischen Betrieb eignet.The object of the invention is to improve a device of the type described above so that it is suitable for largely automatic operation.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß die beweglichen Greifer im wesentlichen oberhalb der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung angeordnet sind und daß unterhalb der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung, jedoch innerhalb des Schlauchendes, die Einrichtung zum Aufspreizen der einander gegenüberliegenden Wandungen des flachgelegten Folienschlauches angeordnet ist, die ein Spreizgestell aufweist, das in einer Projetkion senkrecht zur Schlauchachse einen im wesentlichen dreieckförmigen Querschnitt besitzt und über die Wandungen des Schlauchendes am Maschinengestell abgestützt ist.This object is achieved in that the movable grippers are arranged essentially above the welding and cutting device and that below the welding and cutting device, but within the hose end, the device for spreading the opposing walls of the flat film tube is arranged, the one Has spreading frame, which has a substantially triangular cross-section in a projection perpendicular to the hose axis and is supported on the walls of the hose end on the machine frame.

Wenn der von dem Wickel abgezogene Folienschlauch gegebenenfalls über eine unterhalb der Spreizeinrichtung angeordnete Umlenkwalze diese Spreizeinrichtung passiert, werden seine Wandungen zwangsläufig aufgespreizt, wobei sich das Maß der Aufspreizung nach den jeweils gewünschten Verhältnissen richten kann. Die innerhalb des Schlauchendes befindliche Spreizeinrichtung wirkt im wesentlichen durch ihr Eigengewicht und spreizt den darübergezogenen Schlauchabschnitt nach Maßgabe ihrer geometrischen Form. Das so gespreizte Schlauchende kann von den Greifern erfaßt und durch die Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung hindurch bis zu einer der gewünschten Haubenlänge entsprechenden Höhe gezogen werden. Dann wird die oberhalb der Spreizeinrichtung befindliche Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung betätigt, die einerseits eine Quernaht legt und andererseits den abgezogenen Schlauchabschnitt abtrennt, der nunmehr als fertige Haube ausschließlich an den Greifern hängt und von diesen durch Schwenken der Greifer auf den neben der Vorrichtung befindlichen Gutstapel gezogen wird. Das unterhalb der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung verbleibende Schlauchende ist gespreizt und kann beim nächsten Arbeitsgang von den Greifern ohne manuelle Hilfe erfaßt werden.If the film tube pulled off the roll passes this spreading device, if necessary, via a deflecting roller arranged below the spreading device, its walls are inevitably spread out, the extent of the spreading being able to depend on the respectively desired conditions. The spreading device located inside the hose end acts essentially due to its own weight and spreads the hose section pulled over it in accordance with its geometric shape. The hose end thus spread can be gripped by the grippers and pulled through the welding and cutting device to a height corresponding to the desired hood length. Then the welding and cutting device located above the spreading device is actuated, which, on the one hand, makes a transverse seam and, on the other hand, separates the hose section that has been removed, which now hangs as a finished hood exclusively on the grippers and is pulled by these by swiveling the grippers onto the stack of goods located next to the device becomes. The remaining end of the hose underneath the welding and cutting device is spread and can be gripped by the grippers without manual help during the next operation.

Die Einrichtung zum Aufspreizen kann ein Spreizgestell aufweisen, das im Bereich seiner Ecken Gleiter oder Rollen zur Führung der Schlauchwandungen aufweist. Insbesondere sollte das Spreizgestell im Bereich seiner unteren Dreieckspitze wenigstens eine Rolle und auf der der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung zugewandten Seite wenigstens vier Rollen aufweisen. Damit läßt sich ein Folienschlauch bestimmten Umfangs ohne Schwierigkeiten und ohne Falten- oder Wellenbildung der Schlauchwandungen so spreizen, daß er am oberen Ende der Spreizeinrichtung einen im wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt besitzt.The device for spreading can have a spreading frame which has sliders or rollers for guiding the tube walls in the region of its corners. In particular, the expansion frame should have at least one roller in the area of its lower triangular tip and on that of the welding and cutting device facing side have at least four roles. This allows a film tube of a certain size to be spread without difficulty and without wrinkling or corrugation of the tube walls so that it has an essentially rectangular cross section at the upper end of the spreading device.

Zweckmäßig werden den Gleitern bzw. Rollen außerhalb des Folienschlauches angeordnete Stützbleche oder Stützrollen zugeordnet, die maschinenfest gelagert sind und eine Führung für den Folienschlauch beim Durchlauf durch die Spreizeinrichtung bilden und die Spreizeinrichtung stützen, wenn der Folienschlauch von oben nach unten gezogen wird. Außerdem wird dadurch eine maschinenfeste Zuordnung zwischen der Spreizeinrichtung und der nachgeschalteten Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung sowie den beweglichen Greifern geschaffen.Support plates or support rollers arranged outside the film tube are expediently assigned, which are mounted on the machine and form a guide for the film tube as they pass through the spreading device and support the spreading device when the film tube is pulled from top to bottom. In addition, this creates a machine-specific association between the spreading device and the downstream welding and cutting device and the movable grippers.

Sollen mit der Vorrichtung der Seitenfaltenhauben Hauben auf Gutstapel gezogen werden, dann empfiehlt sich eine Ausführungsform, bei der die vier Rollen des Spreizgestells im Bereich der äußeren Faltlinien zwischen Wandungen und Seitenfalten angreifen und bei der an einem Maschinengestell, insbesondere in Höhe dieser vier Rollen, zwei weitere Rollen angeordnet sind, die von außen auf den inneren Faltlinien der Seitenfalten angreifen. Die von außen angreifenden Rollen können federbelastet sein, so daß auch Umfangstoleranzen des Folienschlauches ausgeglichen werden, und die Wandungen bzw. Seitenfalten stets mit geringer Spannung und glatt durch die Vorrichtung geführt werden.If hoods are to be pulled onto stacks of goods with the device of the side gusset hoods, then an embodiment is recommended in which the four rollers of the expansion frame engage in the area of the outer fold lines between walls and side gussets and two in one on a machine frame, in particular at the height of these four rollers additional roles are arranged, which attack from the outside on the inner fold lines of the gussets. The rollers acting from the outside can be spring-loaded so that circumferential tolerances of the film tube are compensated for, and the walls or side folds are always guided through the device with low tension and smoothly.

Da mit Rücksicht auf die nachgeschaltete Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung der Folienschlauch nicht vollständig, sondern nur teilweise aufgespreizt werden sollte, sind zwischen den Wandungen einerseits und den anschließenden Seitenfalten andererseits des Folienschlauches mehr oder weniger spitze Winkel gebildet. Um die Führung des Folienschlauches im Bereich dieser Winkel zu verbessern, können die vier oberen Rollen des Spreizgestells als flache Scheiben ausgebildet sein, deren Scheibenebene sich etwa mittig zwischen am gespreizten Schlauchende einerseits von der zugeordneten Wandung und andererseits von der anschließenden Seitenfalte gebildeten Ebene erstreckt. Die Scheiben liegen dann nur umfangsseitig im Bereich der zugeordneten Faltlinien am Folienschlauch an, wobei sie sich außerdem an den außerhalb des Folienschlauches angeordneten Stützblechen oder Stützrollen abstützen.Since with regard to the downstream welding and cutting device the film tube should not be spread completely, but only partially, more or less acute angles are formed between the walls on the one hand and the subsequent side folds on the other hand. In order to improve the guidance of the film tube in the area of these angles, the four upper rollers of the expansion frame can be designed as flat disks, the disk plane of which extends approximately centrally between the associated wall on the one hand from the associated wall and, on the other hand, from the subsequent side gusset. The panes then lie only circumferentially in the area of the assigned folding lines on the film tube, and they are also supported on the support plates or support rollers arranged outside the film tube.

Da die fertigen Hauben in der Regel an ihren breiten Wandungen von den Greifern erfaßt werden, bevor sie vollständig gespreizt und über die Gutstapel gezogen werden, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn am Spreizgestell zwischen jeweils zwei Rollen Walzen zur Führung der Wandungen des Folienschlauches, insbesondere des Seitenfaltenschlauches, angeordnet sind, denen außerhalb des Folienschlauches Stützrollen zugeordnet sind. Dann werden nämlich die Wandungen des Folienschlauches von diesen Walzen zusätzlich geführt, wobei sie gegebenenfalls auch glattgezogen werden, wenn die Greifer den freien Rand des Folienschlauches erfaßt haben und einen weiteren Abschnitt des Folienschlauches hochziehen.Since the finished hoods are usually gripped by the grippers on their wide walls before they are fully spread and pulled over the stacks of material, it is advantageous if rollers for guiding the walls of the film tube, in particular the side-gusseted tube, between two rollers on the expansion frame , are arranged to which support rollers are assigned outside the film tube. Then the walls of the film tube are additionally guided by these rollers, where appropriate they are also pulled smooth when the grippers have gripped the free edge of the film tube and pull up a further section of the film tube.

Die eingangs angegebene Aufgabe wird auch dadurch gelöst, daß die beweglichen Greifer im wesentlichen unterhalb der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung angeordnet sind und daß oberhalb der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung, jedoch innerhalb des Schlauchendes, die Ein: richtung zum Aufspreizen der einander gegenüberliegenden Wandungen des flachgelegten Folienschlauches angeordnet ist, die ein Spreizgestell besitzt, das in einer Projektion senkrecht zur Schlauchachse einen im wesentlichen dreieckförmigen Querschnitt aufweist und über die Wandungen des Schlauchendes am Maschinengestell abgestützt ist.The above-stated object is also achieved in that the movable grippers are arranged essentially below the welding and cutting device and that above the welding and cutting device, but within the hose end, the device for spreading the opposite walls of the flat film tube is arranged, which has a spreading frame, which has a substantially triangular cross section in a projection perpendicular to the hose axis and is supported on the walls of the hose end on the machine frame.

Wenn der vom Wickel abgezogene Folienschlauch gegebenenfalls über eine oberhalb der Spreizeinrichtung angeordnete Umlenkwalze diese Spreizeinrichtung passiert, werden seine Wandungen zwangsläufig aufgespreizt, wobei sich das Maß der Aufspreizung nach den jeweils gewünschten Verhältnissen richten kann. Die innerhalb des Schlauchendes befindliche Spreizeinrichtung ist durch die Wandungen des Schlauchendes hindurch am Maschinengestell abgestützt und spreizt den darübergezogenen Schlauchabschnitt nach Maßgabe ihrer geometrischen Form. Das gespreizte Schlauchende kann dann unterhalb der Spreizeinrichtung von den Greifern erfaßt und unmittelbar über den Gutstapel gezogen werden, nachdem die Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung betätigt worden ist und einen der gewünschten Haubenlänge entsprechenden Schlauchabschnitt abgetrennt sowie mit einer Querschweißnaht verschlossen hat.If the film tube pulled off the roll passes this spreading device, if necessary, via a deflecting roller arranged above the spreading device, its walls are inevitably spread apart, the extent of the spreading being able to depend on the respectively desired conditions. The spreading device located within the hose end is supported on the machine frame through the walls of the hose end and spreads the hose section pulled over it in accordance with its geometric shape. The spread hose end can then be gripped by the grippers below the spreading device and pulled directly over the stack of goods after the welding and cutting device has been actuated and has cut off a hose section corresponding to the desired hood length and closed it with a transverse weld seam.

Die Einrichtung zum Aufspreizen kann ein Spreizgestell aufweisen, das im Bereich seiner Ecken Gleiter oder Rollen zur Führung der Schlauchwandungen aufweist. Insbesondere sollte das Spreizgestell an seiner Unterseite wenigstens vier Rollen aufweisen, denen außerhalb des Folienschlauches Stützrollen zugeordnet sind. Jede dieser Rollen sollte mit ihrer zugeordneten Stützrolle parallelachsig sein. Bei einer Ausführungsform zum Überziehen von Seitenfaltenhauben empfiehlt es sich, die vier Rollen des Spreizgestells im Bereich der äußeren Faltlinien zwischen Wandungen und Seitenfalten angreifen zu lassen, wobei am Maschinengestell, insbesondere in Höhe dieser vier Rollen, zwei weitere Rollen angeordnet sind, die von außen an den inneren Faltlinien der Seitenfalten angreifen. Die von außen angreifenden Rollen können federbelastet sein, so daß auch Umfangstoleranzen des Folienschlauches ausgeglichen werden, und die Wandungen bzw. Seitenfalten stets mit geringer Spannung und glatt durch die Vorrichtung geführt werden.The device for spreading can have a spreading frame which has sliders or rollers for guiding the tube walls in the region of its corners. In particular, the spreader frame should have at least four rollers on its underside, to which support rollers are assigned outside the film tube. Each of these rollers should have a parallel axis with its assigned support roller. In one embodiment for covering side gusset hoods, it is advisable to allow the four rollers of the expansion frame to engage in the area of the outer fold lines between walls and side gussets, two further rollers being arranged on the machine frame, in particular at the height of these four rollers, which are arranged from the outside attack the inner fold lines of the gussets. The rollers acting from the outside can be spring-loaded so that circumferential tolerances of the film tube are compensated for, and the walls or side folds are always guided through the device with low tension and smoothly.

Da mit Rücksicht auf die nachgeschaltete Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung der Folienschlauch nicht vollständig, sondern zunächst nur teilweise aufgespreizt werden sollte, sind zwischen den Wandungen einerseits und den anschließenden Seitenfalten andererseits des Folienschlauches mehr oder weniger spitze Winkel gebildet. Um die Führung des Folienschlauches im Bereich dieser Winkel zu verbessern, können die vier Rollen des Spreizgestells als flache Scheiben ausgebildet sein, deren Scheibenebene sich etwa mittig zwischen den am gespreizten Schlauchende einerseits von der zugeordneten Wandung und andererseits von der anschließenden Seitenfalte gebildeten Ebene erstreckt. Zusätzlich kann neben jeder dieser vier Rollen ein Führungsblech für die Folie angeordnet sein, damit das freie Ende des Folienschlauches treffsicher von Greifern oder einer Spanneinrichtung erfaßt werden kann. Damit das innerhalb des Folienschlauches angeordnete Spreizgestell sicher am Maschinengestell abgestützt ist, sollten im Bereich der Unterseite des Spreizgestells an den ebenen Wandungen des gespreizten Folienschlauches angreifende Rollen angeordnet sein, die sich auf außerhalb des Folienschlauches angeordneten maschinenfesten Stützrollen abstützen. Zusätzlich können etwa in halber Höhe des Spreizgestells weitere, an ebenen Wandungen des Folienschlauches angreifende Rollen angeordnet sein, die sich auf außerhalb des Folienschlauches angeordneten maschinenfesten Stützrollen abstützen.Because with regard to the downstream welding and cutting device of the foils tube should not be completely but initially only partially expanded, more or less acute angles are formed between the walls on the one hand and the subsequent side folds on the other hand of the film tube. In order to improve the guidance of the film tube in the area of these angles, the four rollers of the expansion frame can be designed as flat disks, the disk level of which extends approximately midway between the plane formed on the expanded tube end on the one hand by the associated wall and on the other hand by the subsequent side fold. In addition, a guide plate for the film can be arranged next to each of these four rollers so that the free end of the film tube can be gripped by grippers or a tensioning device. In order that the spreader frame arranged within the film tube is securely supported on the machine frame, in the area of the underside of the spreader frame, engaging rollers should be arranged on the flat walls of the expanded film tube, which are supported on machine-fixed support rollers arranged outside the foil tube. In addition, about halfway up the spreading frame, further rollers can be arranged which engage on flat walls of the film tube and which are supported on machine-fixed support rollers arranged outside the film tube.

Damit die Greifer den unteren Rand des aufgespreizten Folienschlauches treffsicher erfassen können, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn unterhalb des Spreizgestells eine Einrichtung zum Aufspannen der Öffnung des Schlauchendes mit in die Öffnung einfahrbaren und die Öffnung aufspannenden Spannfingern vorgesehen wird. Die Spannfinger werden zweckmäßig an Hebelgetrieben geführt, wobei ihnen hydraulische oder pneumatische Zylinder als Stelltriebe zugeordnet sind. Nach dem Eingreifen der Spannfinger in die Öffnung werden die Spannfinger so auseinandergezogen, daß sie insbesondere die Breitseiten des Folienschlauches spannen, die dadurch eine vorgegebene räumliche Lage und Orientierung annehmen, so daß anschließend die Greifer herangeführt und den Rand dieser Breitseiten erfassen können.So that the grippers can accurately grasp the lower edge of the expanded film tube, it is expedient if a device for spanning the opening of the tube end with tension fingers that can be inserted into the opening and spans the opening is provided below the spreader frame. The clamping fingers are expediently guided on lever gears, with hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders being assigned to them as actuators. After the gripping fingers engage in the opening, the gripping fingers are pulled apart in such a way that in particular they stretch the broad sides of the film tube, which thereby assume a predetermined spatial position and orientation, so that the grippers can then be brought up and grasp the edge of these broad sides.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung bestehen die Greifer aus Greiferzangen, die angesteuert beweglichen Greiferarmen angeordnet sind. Eine der Zangenbacken ist fest am Greiferarm angeordnet, während die andere Zangenbacke gelenkig am Greiferarm gelagert sowie über einen Stelltrieb am Greiferarm abgestützt ist. Da die Greifer bzw. die Greiferzangen stets nur an eine bestimmte Stelle bewegt zu werden brauchen, an der sich dann der untere Rand des Folienschlauches befindet, kann die Mechanik der Greiferarme verhältnismäßig einfach ausgebildet sein. Es empfiehlt sich lediglich, darauf zu achten, daß bei geschlossener Greiferzange lediglich die freien Enden der Zangenbacken einander berühren, damit auf diese Weise ein definierter Klemmdruck auf den erfaßten Rand des Folienschlauches ausgeübt werden kann. Das läßt sich z. B. dadurch verwirklichen, daß der Drehpunkt der beiden Zangenbacken nicht in den von den Innenseiten der Zangenbakken gebildeten Ebenen liegt. Bei anderen Ausführungen können die Zangenbacken aus flexiblem Material sein, man kann aber auch die Enden der Zangenbacken ballig ausführen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the grippers consist of gripper tongs which are arranged to be controlled by movable gripper arms. One of the jaws is fixed to the gripper arm, while the other jaw is articulated on the gripper arm and is supported on the gripper arm by an actuator. Since the grippers or the gripper tongs need only be moved to a certain point at which the lower edge of the film tube is then located, the mechanics of the gripper arms can be designed to be relatively simple. It is only advisable to ensure that when the gripper is closed, only the free ends of the jaws touch each other, so that a defined clamping pressure can be exerted on the gripped edge of the film tube. This can be done e.g. B. realize that the pivot point of the two jaws is not in the planes formed by the inside of the jaws. In other versions, the pliers jaws can be made of flexible material, but you can also make the ends of the pliers jaws spherical.

Damit sich die mit Hilfe der Greifer über den Gutstapel gezogene Haube leicht von den Greiferzangen löst, geht ein weiterer Vorschlag der Erfindung dahin, an der beweglichen Zangenbacke einen Abstreifer zu befestigen. Dies kann ein einfacher Hebel sein, der beim Verschwenken der beweglichen Zangenbacke den Rand der Haube von der anderen Zangenbacke abstreift.In order that the hood pulled over the stack of goods with the aid of the grippers can be easily detached from the gripper tongs, a further proposal of the invention is to attach a scraper to the movable jaw. This can be a simple lever that strips the edge of the hood from the other pliers jaw when the movable pliers jaw is pivoted.

Im folgenden werden in der Zeichnung dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung erläutert; es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung eine Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung zum Überziehen von Gutstapeln mit Schrumpfhauben,
  • Fig. den oberen Teil der Vorrichtung mit Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung sowie beweglichen Greifern in größerem Maßstab,
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf den Gegenstand nach Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt des Gegenstandes nach Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 5 in schematischer Darstellung eine Ansicht einer anderen Vorrichtung zum Überziehen von Gutstapeln mit Schrumpfhauben,
  • Fig. 6 einen Teil des Gegenstandes nach Fig. 5, von unten gesehen,
  • Fig. 7 einen Teil des Gegenstandes nach Fig. 6 in vergrößerter Darstellung,
  • Fig. 8 in schematischer Darstellung eine Ansicht einer Aufspanneinrichtung,
  • Fig.9 eine Ansicht von unten auf die noch nicht aufgespannte Haubenöffnung,
  • Fig. 10 eine Ansicht von unten auf die aufgespannte Haubenöffnung,
  • Fig. 11 teilweise eine Ansicht des Gegenstandes nach Fig. 8,
  • Fig. 12 teilweise eine Ansicht der Greifer,
  • Fig. 13 eine Ansicht von unten mit der von Greifern erfaßten Haube,
  • Fig. 14 einen Teil des Gegenstandes nach Fig. 12 in vergrößerter Darstellung,
  • Fig. 15 eine andere Projektion des Gegenstandes nach Fig. 14.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention illustrated in the drawing are explained below; it shows
  • 1 is a schematic side view of a device for covering stacks of goods with shrink hoods,
  • 1 shows the upper part of the device with welding and cutting device and movable grippers on a larger scale,
  • 3 is a plan view of the object of FIG. 1,
  • 4 shows an enlarged section of the object according to FIG. 3,
  • 5 shows a schematic view of another device for covering stacks of goods with shrink hoods,
  • 6 is a part of the object of FIG. 5, seen from below,
  • 7 is a part of the object of FIG. 6 in an enlarged view,
  • 8 is a schematic representation of a view of a clamping device,
  • 9 shows a view from below of the hood opening which has not yet been opened,
  • 10 is a bottom view of the open hood opening,
  • 11 is a partial view of the object of FIG. 8,
  • 12 is a partial view of the grippers,
  • 13 is a bottom view with the hood gripped by grippers,
  • 14 is a part of the object of FIG. 12 in an enlarged view,
  • 15 shows another projection of the object according to FIG. 14.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung dient zum Überziehen von Gutstapeln mit Hauben aus schrumpfbaren Folienschläuchen. Sie besteht in ihrem grundsätzlichen Aufbau aus einer Einrichtung zum Abziehen eines flachgelegten Folienschlauches 1 von einem Wickel 2, aus einer Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung 3 zum Anbringen von Quernähten an und zum Abtrennen von Schlauchabschnitten 4 sowie aus beweglichen Greifern 5, 6 zum Erfassen des freien Haubenrandes 7.The device shown serves to cover stacks of goods with hoods made of shrinkable film tubes. In its basic structure, it consists of a device for pulling a flat film tube 1 from a roll 2, a welding and cutting device 3 for attaching transverse seams to and for severing tube sections 4, and movable grippers 5, 6 for gripping the free hood edge 7.

Wie man einem Vergleich der Fig. 1 und 2 entnimmt, sind die beweglichen Greifer 5, 6, die gleichzeitig auch die Einrichtung zum Abziehen des flachgelegten Folienschlauches 1 vom Wikkel 2 bilden, oberhalb der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung 3 angeordnet, so daß der zunächst flachgelegte Folienschlauch 1 in vertikaler Richtung durch die Vorrichtung geführt wird.As can be seen from a comparison of FIGS. 1 and 2, the movable grippers 5, 6 are the at the same time form the device for pulling the flat film tube 1 from the winding 2, arranged above the welding and cutting device 3, so that the initially flat film tube 1 is guided in the vertical direction through the device.

Unterhalb der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung 3 ist eine Einrichtung 8 zum Aufspreizen der einander gegenüberliegenden Wandungen 9, 10 des flachgelegten Folienschlauches angeordnet (Fig. 1). Der Folienschlauch 1 ist ein Seitenfaltenschlauch.Arranged below the welding and cutting device 3 is a device 8 for spreading the opposing walls 9, 10 of the flat film tube (FIG. 1). The film tube 1 is a gusseted tube.

Der vom Wickel 2 abgezogene Folienschlauch 1 wird zunächst über eine Spanneinrichtung 11 und dann über eine unterhalb der Einrichtung 8 zum Aufspreizen angeordnete Umlenkwalze 12 geführt. Er gelangt dann in den Bereich der Einrichtung 8 zum Aufspreizen, die ein im einzelnen nicht dargestelltes Spreizgestell aufweist, das sich innerhalb des Folienschlauches 1 befindet. Das Spreizgestell weist am unteren Ende eine Rolle 13 auf, die an einer oder beiden Wandungen 9 bzw. 10 des Folienschlauches anliegt und der außerhalb des Folienschlauches 1 maschinenfeste Stützbleche 14, 15 zugeordnet sind, die zur Vertikalen und unter einem Winkel angeordnet sind und dadurch den Aufspreizwinkel des aufzuspreizenden Folienschlauches 1 definieren. - Statt einer einzigen Rolle 13 können auch zwei Rollen nebeneinander angeordnet sein, die jeweils an einer der Wandungen 9 bzw. 10 anliegen und sich ggf. an den Stützblechen 14 bzw. 15 abstützen.The film tube 1 drawn off the roll 2 is first guided over a tensioning device 11 and then over a deflection roller 12 arranged below the device 8 for spreading. It then reaches the area of the device 8 for spreading, which has a spreading frame, not shown in detail, which is located within the film tube 1. The spreading frame has a roller 13 at the lower end, which rests on one or both walls 9 and 10 of the film tube and which are associated with machine-resistant support plates 14, 15 outside the film tube 1, which are arranged at an angle to the vertical and thereby the Define the spreading angle of the film tube 1 to be spread. - Instead of a single roller 13, two rollers can also be arranged next to one another, each abutting one of the walls 9 or 10 and possibly supported on the support plates 14 or 15.

Im übrigen weist das Spreizgestell an seiner oberen, der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung 3 zugeordneten Seite 4 drehbare Scheiben 16, 17, 18, 19 auf, deren Achsen jeweils so angeordnet sind, daß die jeweiligen Scheibenebenen sich etwa mittig zwischen den am gespreizten Schlauchende einerseits von der zugeordneten Wandung 9 bzw. 10 und andererseits von den jeweils anschließenden Seitenfalten 20 bzw. 21 gebildeten Ebenen erstrecken. Wie man insbesondere der Fig. 3 entnimmt, laufen die Scheiben 16 bis 19 mit ihren jeweiligen Umfangsrändem längs der Faltlinien zwischen den Wandungen 9 bzw. 10 und den anschließenden Seitenfalten 20 bzw. 21. Den Scheiben 16 bis 19 sind außerhalb des Folienschlauches 1 maschinenfeste Stützrollen 22 zugeordnet.Otherwise, the spreading frame on its upper side, which is associated with the welding and cutting device 3, has 4 rotatable disks 16, 17, 18, 19, the axes of which are each arranged in such a way that the respective disk levels are approximately in the middle between the one on the expanded hose end of the associated wall 9 or 10 and, on the other hand, planes formed by the respective side gussets 20 and 21 respectively. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, the disks 16 to 19 run with their respective peripheral edges along the fold lines between the walls 9 and 10 and the subsequent side folds 20 and 21. The disks 16 to 19 are machine-fixed support rollers outside the film tube 1 22 assigned.

Ferner sind am Maschinengestell gegen Wirkung von Federn 24 verschwenkbar oder verschiebbar zwei weitere Rollen 25, 26 gelagert, und zwar etwa in Höhe der Scheiben 16 bis 19. Diese Rollen 25 und 26 greifen in die jeweiligen Seitenfalten 20 bzw. 21 ein und laufen auf den Faltlinien der Seitenfalten 20, 21 ab. Da sie durch die zugeordneten Federn 24 beaufschlagt sind, spannen sie den bereits aufgespreizten Folienschlauch 1 in Umfangsrichtung so, wie das in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist.Furthermore, two further rollers 25, 26 are pivotably or displaceably mounted on the machine frame against the action of springs 24, approximately at the height of the disks 16 to 19. These rollers 25 and 26 engage in the respective side folds 20 and 21 and run on the Fold lines of the gussets 20, 21 from. Since they are acted upon by the associated springs 24, they stretch the already expanded film tube 1 in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 3.

Schließlich sind noch in der Ebene der Rollen 16 bis 19 jeweils zwischen den Rollen 16, 18 und 17, 19 Walzen 27, 28 am Spreizgestell angeordnet, denen außerhalb des Folienschlauches 1 Stützrollen 29 zugeordnet sind. Über diese Walzen 27 und 28 werden die Wandungen 9 bzw. 10 des aufgespreizten Folienschlauches 1 glatt geführt. Außerdem ist das Spreizgestell durch diese Walzen 27, 28 und die zugeordneten Stützrollen 29 gegen seitliches Kippen gesichert.Finally, in the plane of the rollers 16 to 19, rollers 27, 28 are arranged on the expansion frame between the rollers 16, 18 and 17, 19, to which 1 support rollers 29 are assigned outside the film tube. The walls 9 and 10 of the expanded film tube 1 are guided smoothly over these rollers 27 and 28. In addition, the expansion frame is secured against lateral tilting by these rollers 27, 28 and the associated support rollers 29.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung arbeitet wie folgt: Es wird ausgegangen von dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Zustand, bei dem oberhalb der Einrichtung 8 zum Aufspreizen nach dem Abschneiden der vorangehenden Haube ein freier Haubenrand 7 verbleibt. Dieser Haubenrand wird von den Greifern 5, 6 erfaßt, die in geeigneter Weise geschwenkt und bis über den Haubenrand 7 geführt werden. Dabei müssen die Greifer 5, 6 die Ebene der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung 3 durchgreifen. Deswegen besitzt die Schneid-und Schweißeinrichtung 3 zwei in Richtung der Pfeile 30 bzw. 31 verschiebliche Schweißbacken 32, 33 mit angeschlossenen Schneidmessern 34. Die Schweißbacken 32, 33 sind auseinandergefahren, während die Greifer 5, 6 nach unten fahren bzw. ausschwenken, um den oberen freien Haubenrand 7 zu erfassen. Anschließend ziehen dann die Greifer 5, 6 das Schlauchende nach oben, wobei ein entsprechender Abschnitt des Folienschlauches 1 vom Wickel 2 abgezogen wird und ein weiterer Abschnitt im bzw. über die Einrichtung 8 zum Aufspreizen geführt wird. Der an den Haubenrand 7 anschließende Schlauchabschnitt4 hat zunächst prismatische Gestalt mit einem Querschnitt, wie er von den Wandungen 9,10 und den Seitenfalten 20, 21 in Fig. 3 definiert wird. Wenn die Greifer 5, 6 über eine der gewünschten Haubenlänge entsprechende Strecke nach oben verfahren worden sind, werden die beiden Schweißbacken 30, 31 gegeneinander gefahren, wobei sie die Wandungen 9, 10 und entsprechende Teile der Seitenfalten 20, 21 mitnehmen und sie zwischen sich einspannen, so daß eine den Boden der Haube definierende Querschweißnaht gebildet wird und gleichzeitig der die Haube bildende Schlauchabschnitt 4 unterhalb der Querschweißnaht 35 abgetrennt wird. Der abgetrennte Rand bildet wieder einen neuen Haubenrand 7, der beim nächsten Arbeitsgang von den Greifern 5, 6 aufgenommen wird.The device shown works as follows: It is assumed that the state shown in FIG. 1, in which a free hood edge 7 remains above the device 8 for spreading open after the preceding hood has been cut off. This edge of the hood is gripped by the grippers 5, 6, which are pivoted in a suitable manner and guided up to the edge of the hood 7. The grippers 5, 6 must pass through the level of the welding and cutting device 3. For this reason, the cutting and welding device 3 has two welding jaws 32, 33 which can be displaced in the direction of the arrows 30 and 31, with connected cutting knives 34. The welding jaws 32, 33 have moved apart while the grippers 5, 6 move downwards or swivel out around the to capture the upper free hood edge 7. Then the grippers 5, 6 pull the tube end upwards, a corresponding section of the film tube 1 being pulled off the roll 2 and a further section being guided in or over the device 8 for spreading. The hose section 4 adjoining the hood edge 7 initially has a prismatic shape with a cross section as defined by the walls 9, 10 and the side folds 20, 21 in FIG. 3. When the grippers 5, 6 have been moved upwards over a distance corresponding to the desired hood length, the two welding jaws 30, 31 are moved against one another, taking the walls 9, 10 and corresponding parts of the side folds 20, 21 with them and clamping them between them , so that a cross weld seam defining the bottom of the hood is formed and at the same time the hose section 4 forming the hood is separated below the cross weld seam 35. The separated edge again forms a new hood edge 7, which is picked up by the grippers 5, 6 in the next operation.

Die in den Fig. 5 bis 15 dargestellte Vorrichtung dient zum Überziehen von Gutstapeln mit Hauben aus schrumpfbaren Folienschläuchen. Sie besteht ebenfalls aus einer Einrichtung zum Abziehen eines flachgelegten Folienschlauches 1 von einem Wickel 2, aus einer Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung 3 zum Anbringen von Quernähten und zum Abtrennen von Schlauchabschnitten 4, sowie aus beweglichen Greifern 5, 6 zum Erfassen des freien Haubenrandes 7. Wie man der Fig. 5 entnimmt, wird der Folienschlauch 1 vom Wickel 2 über eine Umlenkrolle 40, die sich in Höhe einer Arbeitsplattform 41 befindet, zunächst nach oben und dann über eine weitere Umlenkrolle 42, eine Spanneinrichtung 11 mit Tänzerwalze 43 abgezogen, bevor er über eine weitere Umlenkrolle 44 nach unten abgelenkt und einer Einrichtung 8 zum Aufspreizen der einander gegenüberliegenden Wandungen 9, 10 des flachgelegten Folienschlauches zugeführt wird.The device shown in FIGS. 5 to 15 is used to cover stacks of goods with hoods made of shrinkable film tubes. It also consists of a device for pulling a flat film tube 1 from a reel 2, a welding and cutting device 3 for attaching transverse seams and for severing tube sections 4, and movable grippers 5, 6 for gripping the free hood edge 7. How 5, the film tube 1 is pulled from the roll 2 via a deflection roller 40, which is located at the level of a working platform 41, first upwards and then via a further deflection roller 42, a tensioning device 11 with a dancer roller 43, before it is pulled over another deflection roller 44 deflected downward and a device 8 for spreading the opposing walls 9, 10 of the flat film tube is fed.

Die Einrichtung 8 zum Aufspreizen weist ein im einzelnen nicht dargestelltes Spreizgestell auf, das sich innerhalb des Folienschlauches 1 befindet. Das Spreizgestell weist an seiner unteren Seite drehbare Scheiben 16, 17, 18, 19 auf, deren Achsen jeweils so angeordnet sind, daß die jeweiligen Scheibenebenen sich etwa mittig zwischen den am gespreizten Schlauchende einerseits von der zugeordneten Wandung 9 bzw. 10 und andererseits von den jeweils anschließenden Seitenfalten 20 bzw. 21 gebildeten Ebenen erstrecken. Wie man insbesondere der Fig. 6 entnimmt, laufen die Scheiben 16 bis 19 mit ihren jeweiligen Umfangsrändern längs der Faltlinien zwischen den Wandungen 9 bzw. 10 und den anschließenden Seitenfalten 20 bzw. 21. Den Scheiben 16 bis 19 sind außerhalb des Folienschlauches maschinenfeste Stützrollen 22 zugeordnet, deren Achsen parallel zu den Achsen der zugeordneten Scheiben angeordnet sind.The device 8 for spreading has a spreading frame, not shown in detail, which is located within the film tube 1. The spreading frame has on its lower side rotatable discs 16, 17, 18, 19, the axes of which are each arranged in such a way that the respective disc planes are approximately in the middle between the splayed hose end on the one hand from the associated wall 9 or 10 and on the other hand from the each subsequent side folds 20 and 21 levels formed. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 6, the disks 16 to 19 run with their respective peripheral edges along the fold lines between the walls 9 and 10 and the subsequent side folds 20 and 21. The disks 16 to 19 are machine-fixed support rollers 22 outside the film tube assigned, whose axes are arranged parallel to the axes of the assigned disks.

Im Bereich der Scheiben 16 bis 18 sind außerdem Führungsbleche 45 vorgesehen, an deren Außenseiten der Folienschlauch im Bereich seiner Faltlinien geführt ist.In the area of the disks 16 to 18 guide plates 45 are also provided, on the outside of which the film tube is guided in the area of its fold lines.

Ferner sind am Maschinengestell gegen die Wirkung von nicht dargestellten Federn verschwenkbar und verschiebbar zwei weitere Rollen 25, 26 gelagert, und zwar etwa in Höhe der Scheibe 16 bis 19. Diese Rollen 25 und 26 greifen in die jeweiligen Seitenfalten 20 bzw. 21 ein und laufen auf den Faltlinien der Seitenfalten 20, 21 ab. Da sie durch die zugeordneten Federn beaufschlagt sind, spannen sie den bereits aufgespreizten Folienschlauch 1 so, wie das in Fig. 6 bzw. 9 dargestellt ist.Furthermore, two additional rollers 25, 26 are pivotably and displaceably mounted on the machine frame against the action of springs (not shown), approximately at the height of the disk 16 to 19. These rollers 25 and 26 engage and run in the respective side folds 20 and 21, respectively on the fold lines of the gussets 20, 21. Since they are acted upon by the assigned springs, they stretch the already expanded film tube 1 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 9.

Schließlich sind noch etwas unterhalb der Scheiben 16 bis 19 Walzen 27, 28 am Spreizgestell angeordnet, die auf außerhalb des Folienschlauches 1 angeordneten, maschinenfesten Stützrollen 29 abgestützt sind. Zusammen mit etwa in halber Höhe des Spreizgestells angeordneten Rollen 46, 47, die durch die Wandungen 9, 10 hindurch auf maschinenfesten Stützrollen 48, 49 abgestützt sind, tragen die genannten Rollen das Spreizgestell. Unterhalb des Spreizgestells befindet sich eine Einrichtung zum Aufspannen der Öffnung des Schlauchendes mit in die Öffnung einfahrbaren und die Öffnung aufspannenden Spannfingern 50. Jeweils zwei Spannfinger 50 sind an einem gemeinsamen Träger 51 befestigt, und zwar in einigem Abstand von den Enden des Trägers, damit das Folienmaterial sich nicht am Träger verfängt.Finally, somewhat below the disks 16 to 19, rollers 27, 28 are arranged on the expansion frame, which are supported on machine-fixed support rollers 29 arranged outside the film tube 1. Together with rollers 46, 47 arranged approximately halfway up the spreader frame, which are supported through the walls 9, 10 on machine-fixed support rollers 48, 49, said rollers support the spreader frame. Below the spreader frame there is a device for clamping the opening of the hose end with clamping fingers 50 that can be inserted into the opening and stretching the opening. Two clamping fingers 50 are attached to a common carrier 51, and at some distance from the ends of the carrier, so that the Foil material does not get caught on the carrier.

Die Träger 51 der Spannfinger 50 sind an einem Hebelgetriebe 52 gelagert, dem zwei pneumatische Zylinder 53, 54 als Stelltriebe zugeordnet sind. Die Kinematik der Hebelgetriebe 52 ist derart, daß die Spannfinger 50 in die Öffnung des aufgespreizten Schlauchendes gemäß Fig. 9 eingefahren und dann so nach außen bewegt werden können, bis die Spannfinger 50 in die Ecken der X-förmigen Öffnung eingreifen. Wenn die Spannfinger durch Betätigen der pneumatischen Zylinder 53 nach außen gezogen werden, spannen sie die Wandungen 9, 10 des Folienschlauches derart, daß nunmehr der Rand dieser Wandungen 9, 10 von Greifern erfaßt werden kann, die den Rand und den anschließenden Schlauchabschnitt über einen darunter befindlichen, nicht dargestellten Gutstapel ziehen.The carriers 51 of the clamping fingers 50 are mounted on a lever mechanism 52, to which two pneumatic cylinders 53, 54 are assigned as actuators. The kinematics of the lever mechanism 52 is such that the clamping fingers 50 can be moved into the opening of the expanded hose end according to FIG. 9 and then moved outwards until the clamping fingers 50 engage in the corners of the X-shaped opening. If the clamping fingers are pulled outwards by actuating the pneumatic cylinders 53, they clamp the walls 9, 10 of the film tube in such a way that the edge of these walls 9, 10 can now be gripped by grippers which grip the edge and the subsequent tube section over one below it the existing stack of goods, not shown.

Die in Fig. 11 dargestellten Greifer 5, 6 weisen jeweils zwei Greiferzangen 55, 56 auf. Die Greiferzangen 55, 56 sind jeweils an den Enden von Greiferarmen 57, 58 angeordnet. Die Greiferarme sind schwenkbeweglich an einem Träger 59 angeordnet, der seinerseits in Richtung des Pfeils 60 auf und ab beweglich ist, so daß die Greifer 5, 6 in der Lage sind, einen Schlauchabschnitt, der später eine Haube wird, von dem Spreizgestell abzuziehen und ihn über den darunter befindlichen Gutstapel zu ziehen.The grippers 5, 6 shown in FIG. 11 each have two gripper tongs 55, 56. The gripper tongs 55, 56 are each arranged at the ends of gripper arms 57, 58. The gripper arms are pivotally arranged on a support 59 which in turn is movable up and down in the direction of arrow 60, so that the grippers 5, 6 are able to pull a hose section, which will later become a hood, from the expansion frame and him over the stack of goods underneath.

Wie man einem Vergleich der Fig. 12 bis 15 entnimmt, sind die Greifer 5, 6 über ein Hebelgetriebe 61 miteinander gekoppelt, wobei als Stelltrieb ein pneumatischer Zylinder 62 dient.As can be seen from a comparison of FIGS. 12 to 15, the grippers 5, 6 are coupled to one another via a lever gear 61, a pneumatic cylinder 62 serving as the actuator.

Aus Fig. 14 entnimmt man, daß jede Greiferzange 55 bzw. 56 eine fest am zugeordneten Greiferarm 57 bzw. 58 angebrachte Zangenbacke 63 aufweist, deren als Klemmfläche dienende Innenseite aufgerauht ist. Am Greiferarm 57 bzw. an der verlängerten Zangenbacke 63 ist gelenkig eine weitere Zangenbacke 64 gelagert, die mit einem pneumatischen Zylinder 65 als Stelltrieb am zugeordneten Greiferarm 57 abgestützt ist (Fig. 12). Die schwenkbare Zangenbacke 64 trägt beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel (Fig. 14) an ihrem äußeren Ende einen balligen Vorsprung 66, damit bei geschlossener Greiferzange eine definierte Klemmkraft zwischen den beiden Zangenbacken erreicht werden kann.From Fig. 14 it can be seen that each gripper 55 or 56 has a gripper jaw 63 fixedly attached to the associated gripper arm 57 or 58, the inside of which serves as a clamping surface being roughened. On the gripper arm 57 or on the extended jaw 63, another jaw 64 is articulated, which is supported by a pneumatic cylinder 65 as an actuator on the associated gripper arm 57 (FIG. 12). In the exemplary embodiment shown (FIG. 14), the pivotable pliers jaw 64 has a spherical projection 66 at its outer end, so that a defined clamping force can be achieved between the two pliers jaws when the gripper pliers are closed.

Außerdem ist an die schwenkbare Zangenbacke 64 noch ein Abstreifer 67 angeschlossen, der beim Öffnen der Greiferzange eine möglicherweise an der festen Zangenbacke 63 haftende Folie abstreift.In addition, a scraper 67 is also connected to the swiveling pliers jaw 64, which strips off a film which may adhere to the fixed pliers jaw 63 when the gripper pliers are opened.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung arbeitet wie folgt: Es wird ausgegangen von dem in Fig. 5 dargestellten Zustand, bei dem unterhalb der Einrichtung 8 zum Aufspreizen nach dem Abschneiden der vorangehenden Haube ein freier Haubenrand 7 verbleibt. In die von dem Haubenrand 7 umgebene Öffnung (Fig. 9) werden dann die Spannfinger 50 eingefahren und so auseinandergefahren, daß sich der in Fig. 10 dargestellte Zustand ergibt. Nunmehr können die Greifer 5, 6 den gespannten Rand der Wandungen 9, 10 erfassen (Fig. 13) und einen weiteren Abschnitt des Folienschlauches 1 von der Spreizeinrichtung ab sowie über den darunter befindlichen Gutstapel ziehen. Dabei können die Greifer 5, 6 zwischen den Bauteilen der auseinandergefahrenen Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung 3 hindurchtreten. Wenn eine genügend große Länge abgezogen ist, werden die Schweißbacken 30, 31 der Schweiß- und Schneideinrichtung gegeneinandergefahren, wobei sie die Wandungen 9, 10 und entsprechende Teile der Seitenfalten 20, 21 mitnehmen und sie zwischen sich einspannen, so daß eine den Boden der zu bildenden Schrumpfhaube definierende Querschweißnaht gebildet wird und gleichzeitig der die Haube bildende Schlauchabschnitt unterhalb der Querschweißnaht abgetrennt wird. Der abgetrennte Rand bildet einen neuen Haubenrand 7, der beim nächsten Arbeitsgang von den Greifern 5, 6 aufgenommen wird.The device shown works as follows: It is assumed that the state shown in FIG. 5, in which a free hood edge 7 remains below the device 8 for spreading out after the preceding hood has been cut off. The clamping fingers 50 are then inserted into the opening surrounded by the hood edge 7 (FIG. 9) and moved apart so that the state shown in FIG. 10 results. The grippers 5, 6 can now grasp the tensioned edge of the walls 9, 10 (FIG. 13) and pull a further section of the film tube 1 from the spreading device and over the stack of goods located underneath. The grippers 5, 6 can pass between the components of the welding and cutting device 3 that have moved apart. When a sufficiently large length has been drawn off, the welding jaws 30, 31 of the welding and cutting device are moved against one another, whereby the walls 9, 10 and corresponding parts of the side folds 20, Take 21 with you and clamp them between them so that a cross weld seam defining the bottom of the shrink hood to be formed is formed and at the same time the tube section forming the hood below the cross weld seam is cut off. The separated edge forms a new hood edge 7, which is picked up by the grippers 5, 6 in the next operation.

Claims (27)

1. Apparatus for drawing a shrinkable hood from film tubes over a stack of goods, with a device for taking off the compressed film tubes (1) from a roll (2), a welding and cutting device for making lateral seams and for separating the tube sections (4) with movable grippers (5, 6) for gripping the free end of the hood (7) and with a device (8) for spreading the film tube (1), characterised in that the movable grippers (5, 6) are essentially mounted above the welding and cutting device (3) and that the device (8) for spreading the opposing walls (9, 10) of the compressed film tube is mounted below the welding and cutting device, inside the end of the tube, however, and which has a substantially triangular cross-section at right angles to the tube axis and is supported by means of the walls (9, 10) of the tube end on the machine frame.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the spreading device (8) or spreading frame has sliders or rollers (13, 16-19) in the area of its corners to guide the tube walls (9, 10).
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the spreading frame has at least one roller (13) in the area of its lower triangular point and at least four rollers (16 to 19) on the side facing the welding or cutting device (3) which is rigidly connected to it.
4. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the guiding plates (14, 15) or support rollers (22, 29), arranged outside the film tube, are associated with the sliders or rollers (13,16to 19).
5. Apparatus according to one or several of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the compressed film tube (1) is guided beneath the spreading device (8) via a guide-roller (12).
6. Apparatus according to one or several of claims 1-5 for drawing hoods with lateral folds, characterised in that the four rollers (16 to 19) of the spreading frame engage in the area of the outer fold lines between the walls (9, 10) and lateral folds (20, 21) and that on one machine frame, in particular, at the height of the four rollers (16 to 19) two additional rollers are arranged, which engage from the outside on the inner fold lines of the lateral folds (20, 21
7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterised in that the rollers (25, 26) engaging externally are spring loaded.
8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the four upper rollers (16 to 19) of the spreading frame are constructed as flat pulleys, the pulley plane of which extends aproxi- mately axially between the plane surfaces formed at the spread tube end, on the one hand by the associated wall (9 or 10), and on the other hand by the adjacent lateral fold (20 or 21).
9. Apparatus according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that rollers (27, 28) for guiding the walls (9, 10) of the film tube (1), which rollers are associated outside the tube (1) with support rolls (29) for supporting the spreading frame on the machine frame, are disposed on the spreading frame between two rolls (16, 18; 17, 19) in each case.
10. Apparatus for drawing hoods from shrinkable film tubes over stacks of goods, with a device for taking off the the compressed film tubes on a roll (2), a welding and cutting device (3) for making lateral seams and for separating the tube sections (4) and with movable grippers (5, 6) for gripping the free edge of the hood and a device (8) for spreading the compressed film tube (1), characterised in that the movable grippers (5, 6) are necessarily arranged below the welding and cutting device (3) an that the device (8) for spreading the opposing walls (9, 10) of the compressed film tube (1) is arranged above the welding and cutting device (3), inside the end of the tube, however, and which has an spreading frame which at right angles to the tube axis is essentially triangular in cross-section and is supported by means of the walls (9, 10) of the tube end on the machine frame.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, characterised in that the spreading device (8) or expansion frame has guides or rollers (16-19) in the area of its corners for guiding the tube walls (9, 10).
12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the expansion frame has at least four rollers (16 to 19) on its underside, with which the support rollers (22) are associated outside the film tube.
13. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterised in that each roller (16 to 19) is axially parallel to its associated support roller (22).
14. Apparatus according to one or several of claims 10 to 13 for drawing hoods with lateral folds, characterised in that the four rollers (16 to
19) of the expansion frame engage in the area of the outer fold lines between the walls (9, 10) and lateral folds (20, 21) and in that two additional rollers (25, 26) are arranged on one machine frame, in particular at the height of the four rollers (16 to 19) and which engage from the outside on the inner fold lines of the lateral folds (20, 21
15. Apparatus according to one or several claims 10 to 14, characterised in that the four rollers (16 to 19) of the spreading frame are constructed as flat pulleys, the pulley plane of which extends approximately axially between the surfaces formed at the expanded tube end, on the one hand by the associated wall (9 or 10) and on the other hand by the connected lateral fold (20, 21).
16. Apparatus according to one or several of claims 10 to 15, characterised in that a guide plate (45) for the film is mounted adjacent to each of the four rollers (16 to 19).
17. Apparatus according to one or several of claims 10 to 16, characterised in that rollers (27, 28) engaging on the flat walls of the spread film tube (1) are disposed in the area of the underside of the expansion frame, and which are supported outside the the film tube (1) on support rollers (29) mounted rigid with the machine.
18. A device according to one or several of claims 10 to 17, characterised by rollers (46, 47) engaging at approximately half the height of the expansion frame on the flat walls (9, 10) of the film tube (1), and which are supported on support rollers (48, 49) mounted rigid with the machine.
19. Apparatus according to one of claims 10 to 18, characterised by a device (50, 51 ) for stretching the opening of the tube end arranged below the spreading frame, with stretching fingers which can be inserted into the opening and which stretch the opening.
20. Apparatus according to claim 19, characterised in that the stretching fingers (50) are guided on lever drive units (52).
21. Apparatus according to claim 19 or 20, characterised in that hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders (43, 44) are associated with the stretching fingers (50) as adjustable drive means.
22. Apparatus according to one or several of claims 10 to 21, characterised in that the stretch fingers (50) are spring-loaded.
23. Apparatus according to one or several claims 10-22, characterised in that the grippers (5, 6) comprise gripper clamps, which are arranged on synchronised movable gripper arms (57,58).
24. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that a clamp jaw is mounted rigid with the gripper arm (57) and that the other clamp jaw (64) is mounted in an articulated manner on the gripper arm (57) and supported by means of an adjustable drive means (65) on the gripper arm (57).
25. Apparatus according to claims 23 or 24, characterised in that a wiper is secured to the movable clamp jaw (64).
26. Apparatus according to one of claims 23 to 25, characterised by an arrangement such that when the gripper clamp (55, 56) is closed only the free ends of the clamp jaws (63, 64) are in contact with one another.
EP81104962A 1980-07-05 1981-06-26 Apparatus for drawing a shrinkable film hood over a stack of goods Expired EP0043517B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81104962T ATE12376T1 (en) 1980-07-05 1981-06-26 DEVICE FOR COVERING STACKS OF GOODS WITH SHRINK HOODS.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803025576 DE3025576A1 (en) 1980-07-05 1980-07-05 Plastics tube feed mechanism for shrink wrapper - includes spreader system and folding discs below cutting and welding jaws
DE3025576 1980-07-05
DE19818113736 DE8113736U1 (en) 1981-05-09 1981-05-09 Device for covering stacks of goods with shrink hoods
DE8113736U 1981-05-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0043517A1 EP0043517A1 (en) 1982-01-13
EP0043517B1 true EP0043517B1 (en) 1985-03-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81104962A Expired EP0043517B1 (en) 1980-07-05 1981-06-26 Apparatus for drawing a shrinkable film hood over a stack of goods

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Country Link
US (1) US4481754A (en)
EP (1) EP0043517B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3169527D1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3215421B1 (en) 2014-11-04 2020-03-04 Frank Bruhn APS Horizontally arranged wrap packaging system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4698954A (en) * 1986-07-25 1987-10-13 The Dow Chemical Company Guide for zippered film in a form, fill and seal packaging machine
JP4038601B2 (en) * 1998-10-29 2008-01-30 四国化工機株式会社 Packaging machinery
DE102005062609A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-07-05 Lachenmeier A/S Method for packing articles e.g. palleted stack of goods with a film hood, involves folding flat hose in v-shape, after final removal from supply and before closing outer sides
ES1077857Y (en) * 2012-09-28 2013-01-18 Innova Maqu Cerámica S L (100 0%) MACHINE TO COVER PALETIZED LOADS

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DE1912945A1 (en) * 1969-03-14 1970-09-24 Netzsch Maschinenfabrik Device for wrapping packages with a tubular film
FR2300009A1 (en) * 1975-02-07 1976-09-03 Thimon Sa Packaging batches of bottles - using foil bands cut from lay flat tubes and carrying out all steps at vertical locations above bottles
DE2806343A1 (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-08-23 Msk Verpackung Syst Gmbh Tubular shrink foil for wrapping loaded pallet - is located over load by two hinged cantilever arms which rotate through half circle during packing process

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SE340780B (en) * 1969-05-27 1971-11-29 P Goeransson
US3895480A (en) * 1973-08-13 1975-07-22 Anthony Lombardo Automatic bagging apparatus
SE404160B (en) * 1974-05-11 1978-09-25 Moellers Maschf DEVICE FOR PULLING A HOSE OF HEAT CREAMABLE PLASTIC OVER A PACKAGE OF GOODS
DE2549251C3 (en) * 1975-11-04 1981-06-19 Nütro Patentverwertungs- u. Maschinen-Handels-GmbH, 8500 Nürnberg Device for covering a gusseted tube over stacked objects
DE2706955A1 (en) * 1977-02-18 1978-08-24 Keller Gmbh & Co Kg Wrapping unit for stacks of bricks - has shrink film stretching grips mounted movably on frame above wrapper

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1912945A1 (en) * 1969-03-14 1970-09-24 Netzsch Maschinenfabrik Device for wrapping packages with a tubular film
FR2300009A1 (en) * 1975-02-07 1976-09-03 Thimon Sa Packaging batches of bottles - using foil bands cut from lay flat tubes and carrying out all steps at vertical locations above bottles
DE2806343A1 (en) * 1978-02-15 1979-08-23 Msk Verpackung Syst Gmbh Tubular shrink foil for wrapping loaded pallet - is located over load by two hinged cantilever arms which rotate through half circle during packing process

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3215421B1 (en) 2014-11-04 2020-03-04 Frank Bruhn APS Horizontally arranged wrap packaging system
EP3215421B2 (en) 2014-11-04 2023-08-02 Tentoma A/S Horizontally arranged wrap packaging system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3169527D1 (en) 1985-05-02
EP0043517A1 (en) 1982-01-13
US4481754A (en) 1984-11-13

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