EP0036905B1 - Strut for the construction of buildings - Google Patents

Strut for the construction of buildings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0036905B1
EP0036905B1 EP80107283A EP80107283A EP0036905B1 EP 0036905 B1 EP0036905 B1 EP 0036905B1 EP 80107283 A EP80107283 A EP 80107283A EP 80107283 A EP80107283 A EP 80107283A EP 0036905 B1 EP0036905 B1 EP 0036905B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
corner elements
intermediate element
elements
ceiling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80107283A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0036905A3 (en
EP0036905A2 (en
Inventor
Heinrich Holdschlag
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to AT80107283T priority Critical patent/ATE12963T1/en
Publication of EP0036905A2 publication Critical patent/EP0036905A2/en
Publication of EP0036905A3 publication Critical patent/EP0036905A3/en
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Publication of EP0036905B1 publication Critical patent/EP0036905B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/38—Arched girders or portal frames
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/268—Connection to foundations
    • E04B2001/2684—Connection to foundations with metal connectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a prop for building buildings according to the preamble of patent claims 1.
  • Such supports can be prefabricated and allow the creation of houses, halls and. Buildings of this type according to the prefabricated construction principle, with the prefabricated components being assembled at the construction site.
  • the supports have the advantage that they can possibly run through several storeys and at the same time allow easy connection of ceiling girders, trusses, etc., since these can be passed between the corner elements.
  • Such supports have become known for example from DE-GM 78 33 451.
  • the corner elements are connected to one another by removable cladding panels. If a ceiling support, truss, etc. is to be passed through the support, the cladding panels are removed at this point, and the ceiling support or truss is fastened to the corner elements, for example by means of bolts.
  • a support with all the features according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-A 1 609 723. In terms of its static properties, this support corresponds essentially to the prior art described above.
  • the load is transferred via the corner elements, which are connected to each other only for stiffening at specific intervals. If, for example, a ceiling girder comes to rest on an intermediate piece, the loads given off by the ceiling girder are transferred directly to the corner elements via the intermediate piece, so that the entire structure is dependent on the cross-sectional dimensions of the corner elements with regard to their load-bearing capacity.
  • the corner elements stand on the appropriate foundation and bear the loads.
  • a support is known from FR-A 1 285 437, in which only the corner elements also carry out functions, while the central element only serves to connect the corner elements and does not extend to the lower end of the support.
  • This central element has no rectangular cross section.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a support of the type specified, which has improved static properties.
  • the corner elements essentially have only a stiffening function for the support, while the forces or moments that occur are absorbed and derived solely by the central element.
  • the transfer of forces or moments from a ceiling beam to the support takes place, for example, in such a way that the ceiling beam is inserted into the support between the corner elements and thereby rests on the load-bearing central element.
  • the corner elements extend laterally past the ceiling support and thus represent a lateral support for this.
  • the corner elements therefore have the task of facilitating the connection of ceiling supports, binders, rafters, purlins, etc. to the support. This also applies to wall elements, windows and the like. like. Components that can also be mounted in the space between two corner elements on the support.
  • the load-bearing central element is interrupted at places where the ceiling beams, trusses, rafters, purlins and the like.
  • the like components are to be guided through the support.
  • the load-bearing central element is thus shorter than the corner elements, so that the corresponding supports, binders and the like are in the upper end region of the support. the like. Can be connected.
  • the load-bearing central element consists of several individual elements corresponding to the respective storey heights, which are arranged at a distance from the respective storey ceiling beams.
  • the ceiling beams are inserted into the respective spaces between the individual elements so that they rest on the lower element.
  • the element arranged above is then supported on the ceiling support and can itself possibly further ceiling supports, trusses, rafters and. the like.
  • the continuous corner elements of the support also have the task of connecting the individual lengths of the load-bearing central element to one another in the case of a multi-storey construction.
  • the support designed according to the invention is designed such that the load-bearing central element springs back in both orthogonal directions with respect to the outside of the corner elements.
  • This configuration opens up the possibility of Connection of wall elements, windows and. The like. Components on the support, which are inserted into the space between two adjacent corner elements. Naturally, it is advisable to dimension this room so that it matches the thickness of the wall elements, windows and the like. the like. is adapted.
  • the room can also accommodate lines, pipes and the like. Similar installations are used, depending on the design. With regard to the dimension of the distance between the corner elements of the support, there are a number of possibilities which depend on the intended use of the support.
  • the corner elements in both orthogonal directions are at a distance from one another which is at least the thickness of a ceiling girder, binder, rafters, a purlin and the like.
  • the like component corresponds.
  • the support can accommodate, for example, a ceiling beam in both orthogonal directions, which is guided between the corresponding corner elements.
  • the distance between the corner elements is dimensioned such that a ceiling support can be passed through the support in an orthogonal direction, while wall elements or windows can be connected in the other orthogonal direction in the manner described above.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the corner elements are at a distance from one another in an orthogonal direction which corresponds at least to the thickness of a ceiling girder and rafters, and a distance from one another in the other orthogonal direction which corresponds to at least the thickness of a purlin .
  • the load-bearing central element in the upper end region of the support is excluded to form a knot consisting of ceiling beams, rafters and purlins.
  • the ceiling support extends in an orthogonal direction through the support and lies on the load-bearing central element. From the other orthogonal direction, the purlin is passed through the support and lies on the ceiling beam.
  • the rafter is led through the support from the same orthogonal direction as the ceiling beam and is supported on the foot purlin.
  • the corner elements of the support serve as a lateral support for the knot consisting of ceiling beams, purlins and rafters and extend to the upper edge of the rafters.
  • the supporting central element is expediently provided in the lower end area of the support between the corner elements with at least one support foot extending beyond the corner elements.
  • This support foot can be designed, for example, as a flat or U-shaped iron and is concreted into the foundation in a simple manner, so that there is a firm hold for the support. Because the support leg is arranged between the corner elements, it remains relatively hidden from the eye and receives further lateral support from the corner elements.
  • the load-bearing central element is a composite element made of a double-T profile made of steel and wood, while the corner elements consist of wood.
  • the middle element has an improved load capacity.
  • the corner elements have recesses into which the respective flange end regions of the double-T profile are inserted, so that there is good interlocking between the middle element and the corner elements. Otherwise, the corner elements are connected to the wooden parts of the central element.
  • the support 1 shown in cross section in FIG. 1 consists of a central element 2 and four corner elements 3. Both the central element 2 and the corner elements 3 consist of solid wood elements which are fastened to one another via tongue and groove 4 and glue connections.
  • the Corner elements 3 are arranged with respect to the central element 2 so that there are free spaces 13 between adjacent corner elements, which for connecting other components to the support, for example beams, binders, rafters, purlins, wall elements, window elements and the like. the like. Can be used.
  • the support is designed or dimensioned so that the central element 2 essentially performs the static tasks (load acceptance), while the corner elements 3 serve to stiffen the support or as a mounting element for connecting the components mentioned. It is essential that in those cases where carriers, binders and. The like. Are guided into the support or through the support, the middle element 2 is interrupted so that these components can rest on the middle element while the corner elements 3 pass through and thus form a lateral holder for the components. Even if the support extends over several floors, the corner elements 3 are continuous, while the central element 2 is excluded at those points where, for example, ceiling beams are to be inserted into the support.
  • the corner elements 3 thus also ensure the cohesion of the central element if it should consist of several individual elements. For example, such a support can have a square cross section and be 25 cm wide from corner to corner, while the corner elements which have a square cross section can have a width dimension of 7 cm.
  • Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a support 5 designed according to the invention also in cross section.
  • the corner elements 9 are also made of solid wood (glulam), while the central element 6 is formed as a composite element from two wooden parts 8 and a double-T steel beam 7.
  • the central element 6 has an improved load capacity compared to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the corner elements 9 are provided with recesses 10 into which the flange end regions 11 of the double-T beam 7 extend. Good interlocking of the corner elements 9 with the central element 6 is thereby achieved.
  • the corner elements are glued to the wooden parts 8 of the central element.
  • the corner elements 9 are moved so far together in an orthogonal direction that the space in between can be used to accommodate relatively thin wall elements 12.
  • These wall elements 12 are inserted into the intermediate space and fastened there in any suitable manner. In this way, a relatively simple possibility of connecting wall elements to the support is given.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of two supports 20 in the fully assembled state in a family home.
  • the supports 20 are anchored in a suitable manner in foundations and derive the forces or moments of the construction into them.
  • a horizontally extending ceiling beam 23 is guided through both supports 20 and lies on the two central elements (not shown) of the supports.
  • a purlin 24 extends perpendicular to the ceiling beam 23 and extends through a support 20.
  • the foot purlin 24 lies on the ceiling support 23.
  • a rafter 22 extends through the support 20 at the angle of the roof pitch and lies on the foot purlin 24.
  • the rafters 22 carry the elements of the roof, the conclusion of which is shown at 25.
  • the support is excellent for receiving the knot shown here and consisting of ceiling beams 23, purlin 24 and rafters 22.
  • the central element of the support extends only up to the ceiling beam 23, which rests on the supporting central element.
  • the corner elements 21 of the support run through to the upper edge of the rafters 22. It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the structural design of the support results in a very simple design of the junction, the corresponding components being able to be assembled on the construction site without difficulty.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically the connection of a support 30 to a foundation 35.
  • This connection can be made in a simple manner in that the support 30 is provided in its lower end region with a support foot 33 which extends over the lower end of the support extends out.
  • a U-iron can be used, for example, which can be screwed to the support, as shown at 34.
  • the support foot is only attached to the central element 31 of the support, so that it is arranged between two adjacent corner elements 32. This has the advantage that the support foot 33 is relatively concealed, the corner elements 32 giving it additional lateral support.
  • the lower end of the support leg is concreted in when installing the support.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a support for sustaining building elements such as joists, trusses, rafters, and purlins, which comprises four corner elements connected to each other by a load-bearing intermediate element, with the distances between the corner elements in one orthogonal direction at least equal to the size of a building element.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Stütze zur Erstellung von Gebäuden nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentansprüche 1.The present invention relates to a prop for building buildings according to the preamble of patent claims 1.

Derartige Stützen können vorgefertigt werden und ermöglichen das Erstellen von Häusern, Hallen u. dergl. Gebäuden nach dem Fertigbauprinzip, wobei die vorgefertigten Bauteile an der Baustelle montiert werden. Die Stützen haben den Vorteil, daß sie ggf. über mehrere Geschosse durchlaufen können und gleichzeitig einen einfachen Anschluß von Deckenträgern, Bindern etc. ermöglichen, da diese zwischen den Eckelementen hindurchgeführt werden können.Such supports can be prefabricated and allow the creation of houses, halls and. Buildings of this type according to the prefabricated construction principle, with the prefabricated components being assembled at the construction site. The supports have the advantage that they can possibly run through several storeys and at the same time allow easy connection of ceiling girders, trusses, etc., since these can be passed between the corner elements.

Solche Stützen sind beispielsweise aus der DE-GM 78 33 451 bekanntgeworden. Bei diesen bekannten Stützen sind die Eckelemente durch abnehmbar angeordnete Verkleidungsplatten miteinander verbunden. Soll ein Deckenträger, Binder etc. durch die Stütze hindurchgeführt werden, werden an dieser Stelle die Verkleidungsplatten entfernt, und der Deckenträger bzw. Binder wird beispielsweise mittels Bolzen an den Eckelementen befestigt.Such supports have become known for example from DE-GM 78 33 451. In these known supports, the corner elements are connected to one another by removable cladding panels. If a ceiling support, truss, etc. is to be passed through the support, the cladding panels are removed at this point, and the ceiling support or truss is fastened to the corner elements, for example by means of bolts.

Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß eine derartige Konstruktion nur geringen statischen Anforderungen genügt, da hierbei die Verkleidungsplatten im wesentlichen nur eine Verbindungsfunktion zwischen den Eckelementen ausüben und keine tragende Funktion besitzen. Statt dessen werden die auftretenden Kräfte und Momente von den Eckelementen aufgenommen und abgeleitet, deren Abmessungen Jedoch aufgrund der Baulichen Gegebenheiten Grenzen unterworfen sind.However, it has been shown that such a construction only meets low structural requirements, since here the cladding panels essentially only have a connecting function between the corner elements and have no supporting function. Instead, the forces and moments that occur are absorbed and derived by the corner elements, the dimensions of which, however, are subject to limits due to the structural conditions.

Eine Stütze mit sämtlichen Merkmalen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 ist aus der DE-A 1 609 723 bekannt. Diese Stütze entspricht im bezug auf ihre statischen Eigenschaften im wesentlichen dem vorstehend beschriebenen Stand der Technik. Auch hierbei findet die Lastabtragung über die Eckelemente statt, die lediglich zur Aussteifung in bestimmten Abständen über Zwischenstücke miteinander verbunden sind. Wenn beispielsweise ein Deckenträger auf einem Zwischenstück zu liegen kommt, werden die vom Deckenträger abgegebenen Lasten über das Zwischenstück unmittelbar auf die Eckelemente abgetragen, so daß die gesamte Konstruktion in bezug auf ihr Tragvermögen von den Querschnittsabmessungen der Eckelemente abhängig ist. Die Eckelemente stehen dabei auf dem entsprechenden Fundament und tragen die Lasten ab.A support with all the features according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-A 1 609 723. In terms of its static properties, this support corresponds essentially to the prior art described above. Here, too, the load is transferred via the corner elements, which are connected to each other only for stiffening at specific intervals. If, for example, a ceiling girder comes to rest on an intermediate piece, the loads given off by the ceiling girder are transferred directly to the corner elements via the intermediate piece, so that the entire structure is dependent on the cross-sectional dimensions of the corner elements with regard to their load-bearing capacity. The corner elements stand on the appropriate foundation and bear the loads.

Ferner ist aus der FR-A 1 285 437 eine Stütze bekannt, bei der ebenfalls nur die Eckelemente tragende Funktionen übernehmen, während das Mittelelement lediglich zur Verbindung der Eckelemente dient und sich nicht bis zum unteren Stützenende erstreckt. Dieses Mittelelement weist keinen Rechteckquerschnitt auf.Furthermore, a support is known from FR-A 1 285 437, in which only the corner elements also carry out functions, while the central element only serves to connect the corner elements and does not extend to the lower end of the support. This central element has no rectangular cross section.

Weitere Veröffentlichungen, in denen Stützen beschrieben sind, sind die FR-A 549997 und die FR-A 992 912. In beiden Fällen sind keine tragenden Mittelelemente vorgesehen, die über die volle Geschoßhöhe durchlaufen.Other publications, in which supports are described, are FR-A 549997 and FR-A 992 912. In both cases, no load-bearing central elements are provided which run through the full floor height.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Stütze der angegebenen Art zu schaffen, die verbesserte statische Eigenschaften aufweist.The invention has for its object to provide a support of the type specified, which has improved static properties.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Stütze mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by a support with the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Stütze haben die Eckelemente im wesentlichen nur eine Versteifungsfunktion für die Stütze, während die auftretenden Kräfte bzw. Momente allein von dem Mittelelement aufgenommen und abgeleitet werden. Die Übertragung der Kräfte bzw. Momente von einem Deckenträger auf die Stütze findet dabei beispielsweise so statt, daß der Deckenträger zwischen die Eckelemente in die Stütze eingeführt wird und dabei auf dem tragenden Mittelelement aufliegt. Die Eckelemente erstrecken sich seitlich am Deckenträger vorbei und stellen somit eine seitliche Halterung für diesen dar. Neben ihrer versteifenden Funktion haben somit die Eckelemente die Aufgabe, das Anschließen von Deckenträgern, Bindern, Sparren, Pfetten etc. an die Stütze zu erleichtern. Dieses trifft ebenfalls auf Wandelemente, Fenster u. dergl. Bauelemente zu, die ebenfalls in dem zwischen zwei Eckelementen befindlichen Zwischenraum an der Stütze montiert werden können.In the support designed according to the invention, the corner elements essentially have only a stiffening function for the support, while the forces or moments that occur are absorbed and derived solely by the central element. The transfer of forces or moments from a ceiling beam to the support takes place, for example, in such a way that the ceiling beam is inserted into the support between the corner elements and thereby rests on the load-bearing central element. The corner elements extend laterally past the ceiling support and thus represent a lateral support for this. In addition to their stiffening function, the corner elements therefore have the task of facilitating the connection of ceiling supports, binders, rafters, purlins, etc. to the support. This also applies to wall elements, windows and the like. like. Components that can also be mounted in the space between two corner elements on the support.

Somit ist bei der erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Stütze das tragende Mittelelement an Stellen unterbrochen, an denen die Deckenträger, Binder, Sparren, Pfetten u. dergl. Bauelemente durch die Stütze geführt' werden sollen. Bei eingeschossiger Bauweise wird somit das tragende Mittelelement kürzer ausgebildet als die Eckelemente, so daß in oberen Endbereich der Stütze die entsprechenden Träger, Binder u. dergl. angeschlossen werden können. Soll sich die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Stütze über mehrere Geschosse erstrecken, so daß die Eckelemente die Höhe von mindestens zwei Geschossen aufweisen, so besteht das tragende Mittelelement aus mehreren, den jeweiligen Geschoßhöhen entsprechenden Einzelelementen, die im Abstand der jeweiligen Geschoßdeckenträger voneinander angeordnet sind. Bei einer derartigen Bauweise werden die Deckenträger in die jeweiligen Zwischenräume zwischen den Einzelelementen eingeführt, so daß sie auf dem unteren Element aufliegen. Das darüber angeordnete Element stützt sich dann auf dem Deckenträger ab und kann selbst ggf. weitere Deckenträger, Binder, Sparren u. dergl. tragen. Offensichtlich haben somit bei mehrgeschossiger Bauweise die durchlaufenden Eckelemente der Stütze auch die Aufgabe, die einzelnen Längen des tragenden Mittelelementes miteinander zu verbinden.Thus, in the support designed according to the invention, the load-bearing central element is interrupted at places where the ceiling beams, trusses, rafters, purlins and the like. The like components are to be guided through the support. In the case of a single-storey construction, the load-bearing central element is thus shorter than the corner elements, so that the corresponding supports, binders and the like are in the upper end region of the support. the like. Can be connected. If the support designed according to the invention extends over several storeys so that the corner elements have the height of at least two storeys, the load-bearing central element consists of several individual elements corresponding to the respective storey heights, which are arranged at a distance from the respective storey ceiling beams. In such a construction, the ceiling beams are inserted into the respective spaces between the individual elements so that they rest on the lower element. The element arranged above is then supported on the ceiling support and can itself possibly further ceiling supports, trusses, rafters and. the like. Obviously, the continuous corner elements of the support also have the task of connecting the individual lengths of the load-bearing central element to one another in the case of a multi-storey construction.

Die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Stütze ist so ausgestaltet, daß das tragende Mittelelement in beiden orthogonalen Richtungen gegenüber der Außenseite der Eckelemente zurückspringt. Diese Ausgestaltung eröffnet die Möglichkeit des Anschlusses von Wandelementen, Fenstern u. dergl. Bauelementen an die Stütze, wobei diese in den zwischen zwei benachbarten Eckelementen vorhandenen Zwischenraum eingeschoben werden. Naturgemäß empfiehlt es sich, diesen Raum so zu bemessen, daß er an die Stärke der Wandelemente, Fenster u. dergl. angepaßt ist. Der Raum kann des weiteren auch zur Aufnahme von Leitungen, Rohren u. dergl. Installationen genutzt werden, je nach Ausgestaltung. Bezüglich der Abmessung des Abstandes zwischen den Eckelementen der Stütze ergibt sich eine Reihe von Möglichkeiten, die vom jeweiligen Einsatzzweck der Stütze abhängen. So weisen bei einer Ausführungsform die Eckelemente in beiden orthogonalen Richtungen einen Abstand voneinander auf, der mindestens der Stärke eines Deckenträgers, Binders, Sparrens, einer Pfette u. dergl. Bauelementes entspricht. Bei dieser Ausführungsform kann die Stütze in beiden orthogonalen Richtungen beispielsweise einen Deckenträger aufnehmen, der zwischen den entsprechenden Eckelementen hindurchgeführt ist. Andere Ausführungsformen sind möglich, bei denen der Abstand der Eckelemente so bemessen ist, daß in einer orthogonalen Richtung ein Deckenträger durch die Stütze hindurchführbar ist, während in der anderen orthogonalen Richtung in der vorstehend beschriebenen Weise Wandelemente bzw. Fenster angeschlossen werden können. Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die Eckelement in einer orthogonalen Richtung einen Abstand voneinander aufweisen, der mindestens der Stärke eines Deckenträgers und Sparrens entspricht, und in der anderen orthogonalen Richtung einen Abstand voneinander, der mindestens der Stärke einer Pfette entspricht. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist das tragende Mittelelement im oberen Endbereich der Stütze zur Ausbildung eines durch Deckenträger, sparren und Pfette bestehenden Knotens ausgenommen. Der Deckenträger erstreckt sich hierbei in einer orthogonalen Richtung durch die Stütze hindurch und liegt auf dem tragenden Mittelelement auf. Aus der anderen orthogonalen Richtung wird die Fußpfette durch die Stütze hindurchgeführt und liegt auf dem Deckenträger auf. Der Sparren wird aus der gleichen orthogonalen Richtung wie der Deckenträger durch die Stütze hindurchgeführt und stützt sich dabei auf der Fußpfette ab. Die Eckelemente der Stütze dienen als seitliche Halterung für den aus Deckenträger, Fußpfette und Sparren bestehenden Knoten und erstrecken sich bis zum oberen Sparrenrand.The support designed according to the invention is designed such that the load-bearing central element springs back in both orthogonal directions with respect to the outside of the corner elements. This configuration opens up the possibility of Connection of wall elements, windows and. The like. Components on the support, which are inserted into the space between two adjacent corner elements. Naturally, it is advisable to dimension this room so that it matches the thickness of the wall elements, windows and the like. the like. is adapted. The room can also accommodate lines, pipes and the like. Similar installations are used, depending on the design. With regard to the dimension of the distance between the corner elements of the support, there are a number of possibilities which depend on the intended use of the support. Thus, in one embodiment, the corner elements in both orthogonal directions are at a distance from one another which is at least the thickness of a ceiling girder, binder, rafters, a purlin and the like. The like component corresponds. In this embodiment, the support can accommodate, for example, a ceiling beam in both orthogonal directions, which is guided between the corresponding corner elements. Other embodiments are possible in which the distance between the corner elements is dimensioned such that a ceiling support can be passed through the support in an orthogonal direction, while wall elements or windows can be connected in the other orthogonal direction in the manner described above. A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the corner elements are at a distance from one another in an orthogonal direction which corresponds at least to the thickness of a ceiling girder and rafters, and a distance from one another in the other orthogonal direction which corresponds to at least the thickness of a purlin . In this embodiment, the load-bearing central element in the upper end region of the support is excluded to form a knot consisting of ceiling beams, rafters and purlins. The ceiling support extends in an orthogonal direction through the support and lies on the load-bearing central element. From the other orthogonal direction, the purlin is passed through the support and lies on the ceiling beam. The rafter is led through the support from the same orthogonal direction as the ceiling beam and is supported on the foot purlin. The corner elements of the support serve as a lateral support for the knot consisting of ceiling beams, purlins and rafters and extend to the upper edge of the rafters.

Offensichtlich lassen sich somit mit der erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Stütze derartige Knoten ohne großen Montageeinsatz auf der Baustelle herstellen, wobei die zugehörigen Bauelemente weitgehend vorgefertigt sein können. Es sei nochmals erwähnt, daß infolge der Anordnung des tragenden Mittelelementes von der Stütze relativ große Lasten bzw. Momente aufgenommen und abgeführt werden können, ohne daß die Stützenabmessungen hierzu übermäßig groß ausgelegt werden müssen. Durch die Anordnung der durchlaufenden Eckelemente lassen sich auch Stützen fertigen, die sich über mehrere Geschosse erstrecken, wobei die Mittelelemente an denjenigen Stellen unterbrochen sind, an denen tragende Bauelemente in die Stütze eingeführt werden sollen. Des weiteren haben die Eckelemente neben ihrer versteifenden Funktion die Aufgabe, den Anschluß von anderen Bauelementen an die Stütze zu ermöglichen bzw. zu erleichtern.Obviously, with the support designed according to the invention, such knots can be produced on the construction site without a large amount of assembly work, and the associated components can be largely prefabricated. It should be mentioned again that due to the arrangement of the load-bearing central element, relatively large loads or moments can be absorbed and dissipated from the support without the support dimensions having to be designed to be excessively large. The arrangement of the continuous corner elements also makes it possible to manufacture supports that extend over several floors, the middle elements being interrupted at those points at which load-bearing components are to be inserted into the support. In addition to their stiffening function, the corner elements also have the task of enabling or facilitating the connection of other components to the support.

Um die Verankerung der Stütze in einem Fundament zu ermöglichen, ist das tragende Mittelelement zweckmäßigerweise im unteren Stützenendbereich zwischen den Eckelementen mit mindestens einem sich über die Eckelemente hinauserstreckenden Stützfuß versehen. Dieser Stützfuß kann beispielsweise als Flach- oder U-Eisen ausgebildet sein und wird in einfacher Weise im Fundament einbetoniert, so daß sich ein fester Halt für die Stütze ergibt. Dadurch, daß der Stützfuß zwischen den Eckelementen angeordnet ist, bleibt er für das Auge relativ verborgen und erhält durch die Eckelemente weiteren seitlichen Halt.In order to enable the support to be anchored in a foundation, the supporting central element is expediently provided in the lower end area of the support between the corner elements with at least one support foot extending beyond the corner elements. This support foot can be designed, for example, as a flat or U-shaped iron and is concreted into the foundation in a simple manner, so that there is a firm hold for the support. Because the support leg is arranged between the corner elements, it remains relatively hidden from the eye and receives further lateral support from the corner elements.

Schließlich sei noch auf eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung hingewiesen, bei der das tragende Mittelelement ein Verbundelement aus einem Doppel-T-Profil aus Stahl und Holz ist, während die Eckelemente aus Holz bestehen. Hierbei besitzt das Mittelelement ein verbessertes Tragvermögen. Die Eckelemente weisen Aussparungen auf, in die die jweiligen Flanschendbereiche des Doppel-T-Profiles eingeführt sind, so daß sich eine gute Verzahnung zwischen dem Mittelelement und den Eckelementen ergibt. Im übrigen sind die Eckelemente mit den Holzteilen des Mittelelementes verbunden. Bei dieser Konstruktion sind diverse Anschlußvarianten von Trägern, Bindern etc. denkbar, wobei ggf. bei durchlaufendem Doppel-T-Profil nur die Holzteile des Mittelelementes zur Aufnahme der Träger, Binder etc. unterbrochen sind.Finally, reference is made to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the load-bearing central element is a composite element made of a double-T profile made of steel and wood, while the corner elements consist of wood. Here, the middle element has an improved load capacity. The corner elements have recesses into which the respective flange end regions of the double-T profile are inserted, so that there is good interlocking between the middle element and the corner elements. Otherwise, the corner elements are connected to the wooden parts of the central element. With this construction, various connection variants of beams, binders, etc. are conceivable, with only the wooden parts of the central element for receiving the beams, binders, etc. being interrupted if the double T profile is continuous.

Die Erfindung wird nunmehr anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform einer Stütze;
  • Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform einer Stütze, wobei die Stütze in Verbindung mit zwei Wandelementen gezeigt ist;
  • Fig. 3 eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht von zwei Stützen in Verbindung mit einem Deckenträger, einem Sparren und einer Fußpfette; und
  • Fig. 4 eine Vorderansicht eines Stützenfußes.
The invention will now be explained on the basis of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. Show it:
  • 1 shows a cross section through a first embodiment of a support.
  • 2 shows a cross section through a second embodiment of a support, the support being shown in connection with two wall elements;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view of two supports in connection with a ceiling beam, a rafter and a purlin. and
  • Fig. 4 is a front view of a column foot.

Die in Fig. 1 im Querschnitt dargestellte Stütze 1 besteht aus einem Mittelelement 2 und vier Eckelementen 3. Sowohl das Mittelelement 2 als auch die Eckelemente 3 bestehen aus Massivholzelementen, die über Nut und Feder 4 sowie Leimverbindungen aneinander befestigt sind. Die Eckelemente 3 sind in bezug auf das Mittelelement 2 so angeordnet, daß sich zwischen benachbarten Eckelementen Freiräume 13 ergeben, die zum Anschließen von anderen Bauelementen an die Stütze, beispielsweise Trägern, Bindern, Sparren, Pfetten, Wandelementen, Fensterelementen u. dergl. Verwendung finden können.The support 1 shown in cross section in FIG. 1 consists of a central element 2 and four corner elements 3. Both the central element 2 and the corner elements 3 consist of solid wood elements which are fastened to one another via tongue and groove 4 and glue connections. The Corner elements 3 are arranged with respect to the central element 2 so that there are free spaces 13 between adjacent corner elements, which for connecting other components to the support, for example beams, binders, rafters, purlins, wall elements, window elements and the like. the like. Can be used.

Die Stütze ist so ausgebildet bzw. bemessen, daß das Mittelelement 2 im wesentlichen die statischen Aufgaben (Lastabnahme) wahrnimmt, während die Eckelemente 3 zur Versteifung der Stütze bzw. als Montageelement zum Anschließen der erwähnten Bauelemente dienen. Von wesentlicher Bedeutung ist, daß in denjenigen Fällen, in denen Träger, Binder u. dergl. in die Stütze hinein bzw. durch die Stütze hindurch geführt werden, das Mittelelement 2 unterbrochen ist, so daß diese Bauelemente auf dem Mittelelement aufliegen können, währen die Eckelemente 3 durchlaufen und somit eine seitliche Halterung für die Bauelemente bilden. Auch wenn sich die Stütze über mehrere Geschosse erstreckt, sind die Eckelemente 3 durchlaufend ausgebildet, während das Mittelelement 2 an denjenigen Stellen ausgenommen ist, an denen beispielsweise Deckenträger in die Stütze hineingeführt werden sollen. Die Eckelemente 3 sichern somit auch den Zusammenhalt des Mittelelementes, falls dieses aus mehreren Einzelelementen bestehen sollte. Beispielsweise kann eine derartige Stütze im Querschnitt quadratisch ausgebildet und von Ecke zu Ecke 25 cm breit sein, während die im Querschnitt quadratischen Eckelemente eine Breitenabmessung von 7 cm aufweisen können.The support is designed or dimensioned so that the central element 2 essentially performs the static tasks (load acceptance), while the corner elements 3 serve to stiffen the support or as a mounting element for connecting the components mentioned. It is essential that in those cases where carriers, binders and. The like. Are guided into the support or through the support, the middle element 2 is interrupted so that these components can rest on the middle element while the corner elements 3 pass through and thus form a lateral holder for the components. Even if the support extends over several floors, the corner elements 3 are continuous, while the central element 2 is excluded at those points where, for example, ceiling beams are to be inserted into the support. The corner elements 3 thus also ensure the cohesion of the central element if it should consist of several individual elements. For example, such a support can have a square cross section and be 25 cm wide from corner to corner, while the corner elements which have a square cross section can have a width dimension of 7 cm.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine andere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Stütze 5 ebenfalls im Querschnitt. Bei dieser Stütze sind die Eckelemente 9 ebenfalls aus Massivholz (Brettschichtholz) ausgebildet, während das Mittelelement 6 als Verbundelement aus zwei Holzteilen 8 und einem Doppel-T-Stahlträger 7 ausgebildet ist. Bei dieser Ausführungsform weist das Mittelelement 6 im Vergleich zu der Ausführungsform der Fig. 1 ein verbessertes Tragvermögen auf. Die Eckelemente 9 sind mit Ausnehmungen 10 versehen, in die sich die Flanschendbereiche 11 des Doppel-T-Trägers 7 hineinerstrecken. Dadurch wird eine gute Verzahnung der Eckelemente 9 mit dem Mittelelement 6 erreicht. Im übrigen sind die Eckelemente auch hier wieder mit den Holzteilen 8 des Mittelelementes verleimt.Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a support 5 designed according to the invention also in cross section. In this support, the corner elements 9 are also made of solid wood (glulam), while the central element 6 is formed as a composite element from two wooden parts 8 and a double-T steel beam 7. In this embodiment, the central element 6 has an improved load capacity compared to the embodiment of FIG. 1. The corner elements 9 are provided with recesses 10 into which the flange end regions 11 of the double-T beam 7 extend. Good interlocking of the corner elements 9 with the central element 6 is thereby achieved. In addition, the corner elements are glued to the wooden parts 8 of the central element.

Bei der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Stütze sind die Eckelemente 9 in einer orthogonalen Richtung so weit zusammengerückt, daß der dazwischen befindliche Raum zur Aufnahme von relative dünnen Wandelementen 12 genutzt werden kann. Diese Wandelemente 12 werden in den Zwischenraum eingeschoben und dort in irgendeiner geeigneten Weise befestigt. Auf diese Weise ist eine relativ einfache Anschlußmöglichkeit von Wandelementen an die Stütze gegeben.In the embodiment of the support shown in FIG. 2, the corner elements 9 are moved so far together in an orthogonal direction that the space in between can be used to accommodate relatively thin wall elements 12. These wall elements 12 are inserted into the intermediate space and fastened there in any suitable manner. In this way, a relatively simple possibility of connecting wall elements to the support is given.

Fig. 3 zeigt in schematischer Ansicht zwei Stützen 20 im fertigmontierten Zustand bei einem Einfamilienhaus. Die Stützen 20 sind in geeigneter Weise in Fundamenten verankert und leiten die Kräfte bzw. Momente der Konstruktion in diese ab. Wie man Fig. 3 entnehmen kann, ist ein horizontal verlaufender Deckenträger 23 durch beide Stützen 20 geführt und liegt dabei auf den beiden Mittelelementen (nicht gezeigt) der Stützenauf. Senkrecht zum Deckenträger 23 erstreckt sich ebenfalls in Horizontalrichtung eine Fußpfette 24, die durch eine Stütze 20 verläuft. Die Fußpfette 24 liegt auf dem Dekkenträger 23 auf. Als weiteres Element erstreckt sich ein Sparren 22 unter dem Winkel der Dachneigung durch die Stütze 20 hindurch und liegt dabei auf der Fußpfette 24 auf. Der Sparren 22 trägt die Elemente des Daches, dessen Abschluß bei 25 dargestellt ist.Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of two supports 20 in the fully assembled state in a family home. The supports 20 are anchored in a suitable manner in foundations and derive the forces or moments of the construction into them. As can be seen in Fig. 3, a horizontally extending ceiling beam 23 is guided through both supports 20 and lies on the two central elements (not shown) of the supports. A purlin 24 extends perpendicular to the ceiling beam 23 and extends through a support 20. The foot purlin 24 lies on the ceiling support 23. As a further element, a rafter 22 extends through the support 20 at the angle of the roof pitch and lies on the foot purlin 24. The rafters 22 carry the elements of the roof, the conclusion of which is shown at 25.

Aus Fig. 3 kann man entnehmen, daß sich die Stütze in hervorragender Weise zur Aufnahme des hier dargestellten und aus Deckenträger 23, Fußpfette 24 und Sparren 22 bestehenden Knotens eignet. Wie erwähnt, erstreckt sich das Mittelelement der Stütze hierbei nur bis zum Deckenträger 23, der auf dem tragenden Mittelelement aufliegt. Die Eckelemente 21 der Stütze laufen jedoch bis zum oberen Rand des Sparrens 22 durch. Es ist für den Fachmann ersichtlich, daß sich durch die konstruktive Ausgestaltung der Stütze eine sehr einfache Ausbildung der Knotenpunktes ergibt, wobei die entsprechenden Bauelemente auf der Baustelle ohne Schwierigkeiten montiert werden können.From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the support is excellent for receiving the knot shown here and consisting of ceiling beams 23, purlin 24 and rafters 22. As mentioned, the central element of the support extends only up to the ceiling beam 23, which rests on the supporting central element. However, the corner elements 21 of the support run through to the upper edge of the rafters 22. It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the structural design of the support results in a very simple design of the junction, the corresponding components being able to be assembled on the construction site without difficulty.

Fig. 4 zeigt in schematischer Weise den Anschluß einer Stütze 30 an ein Fundament 35. Dieser Anschluß kann in einfacher Weise dadurch vorgenommen werden, daß die Stütze 30 in ihrem unteren Endbereich mit einem Stützfuß 33 versehen wird, der sich über das untere Ende der Stütze hinauserstreckt. Hierzu kann beispielsweise ein U-Eisen Verwendung finden, das mit der Stütze, wie bei 34 gezeigt, verschraubt sein kann. Der Stützfuß ist dabei nur am Mittelelement 31 der Stütze befestigt, so daß er zwischen zwei benachbarten Eckelementen 32 angeordnet ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß der Stützfuß 33 relative verdeckt angebracht ist, wobei die Eckelemente 32 ihm einen zusätzlichen seitlichen Halt geben. Das untere Ende des Stützfußes wird bei der Montage der Stütze einbetoniert.Fig. 4 shows schematically the connection of a support 30 to a foundation 35. This connection can be made in a simple manner in that the support 30 is provided in its lower end region with a support foot 33 which extends over the lower end of the support extends out. For this purpose, a U-iron can be used, for example, which can be screwed to the support, as shown at 34. The support foot is only attached to the central element 31 of the support, so that it is arranged between two adjacent corner elements 32. This has the advantage that the support foot 33 is relatively concealed, the corner elements 32 giving it additional lateral support. The lower end of the support leg is concreted in when installing the support.

Claims (5)

1. A wooden support for the construction of buildings by means of ceiling beams (23), trusses, rafters (22), purlins (24) or similar building elements upheld by a plurality of supports (1, 5, 20, 30), said support comprising four corner elements (3, 9, 21, 32) which are glued to one another through an intermediate element (2, 6, 31) and whose distances from each other in both orthogonal directions correspond to the thickness of a ceiling beam (23), truss, rafter (22), purlin (24), a wall member or similar element, said intermediate element (2, 6, 31) and said corner elements (3, 9, 21, 23) each having a rectangular cross-section and said intermediate element (2, 6, 31) receding in one orthogonal direction relative to the external side of said corner elements (3, 9, 21, 32), characterized in that said intermediate element (2, 6, 31) extends from the lower end of the support through a plurality of stories and is only interrupted at such places where the ceiling beams (23), trusses, rafters (22), purlins (24) or similar elements are to be guided across said support (1, 5, 20, 30), in that said intermediate element (2, 6, 31) is connected with said substantially load-free corner elements (3, 9, 21, 32) by means of a groove and tongue arrangement (4) and recedes in its cross-section relative to the external side of said corner elements in both orthogonal directions, and in that only the intermediate element (2, 6, 31) is designed for the transfer of loads into the building ground at the lower end of the support.
2. The support according to claim 1, characterized in that said corner elements (3, 9, 21, 32) have the height of at least two building stories while said intermediate element (2, 6,31) consists of a plurality of single elements corresponding to the respective height of the stories and spaced from one another in the distance of the respective ceiling beam of the story.
3. The support according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said intermediate element (2, 6, 31) is recessed in the upper end portion of said support (20) for the development of a juncture consisting of a ceiling beam (23), a rafter (22) and a purlin (24).
4. The support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said intermediate element (31) is provided with a support foot (33) in the lower end portion of the support between said corner elements (32), said support foot (33) serving for restraining said support in a foundation.
5. The support according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said intermediate element (6) is a composite element comprising a double-T-beam (7) of steel and wood (8) while said corner elements (9) are made of wood.
EP80107283A 1980-03-29 1980-11-21 Strut for the construction of buildings Expired EP0036905B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80107283T ATE12963T1 (en) 1980-03-29 1980-11-21 SUPPORT FOR CREATION OF BUILDINGS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE19808008815U DE8008815U1 (en) 1980-03-29 1980-03-29 SUPPORT FOR THE BUILDING OF BUILDINGS
DE8008815U 1980-03-29

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EP0036905A2 EP0036905A2 (en) 1981-10-07
EP0036905A3 EP0036905A3 (en) 1981-12-16
EP0036905B1 true EP0036905B1 (en) 1985-04-24

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EP80107283A Expired EP0036905B1 (en) 1980-03-29 1980-11-21 Strut for the construction of buildings

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US (1) US4432184A (en)
EP (1) EP0036905B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS56139337A (en)
AT (1) ATE12963T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1157218A (en)
DE (1) DE8008815U1 (en)
DK (1) DK501380A (en)

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AT370172B (en) * 1980-09-05 1983-03-10 Tranker Kurt FAIRING FOR LONG STRETCHED ELEMENTS
DE3335453A1 (en) * 1983-09-30 1985-05-02 Reiner 3101 Wathlingen Ahrenbeck Grooved combination post
US4875311A (en) * 1988-04-20 1989-10-24 Sun Room Designs, Inc. Beam construction
DE9014744U1 (en) * 1990-10-25 1991-01-17 Otto Albert Lüghausen KG, 5200 Siegburg Wooden posts
DE4103031A1 (en) * 1991-02-01 1992-08-06 Marc Victoir Vertical support for wall panelling - involves grooved strut to secure panels camouflage joints
DE4219751A1 (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-23 Erich Dipl Ing Gary Set of material for producing building - has at least supports to which are connectable cross components, each support consisting of triangular or multi-angled support cores
DE29614754U1 (en) * 1996-08-24 1996-11-21 Wenzler, Klaus-Peter, Dipl.-Ing. (FH), 78665 Frittlingen Glued wood support for wooden skeleton construction
US9540814B2 (en) * 2012-06-08 2017-01-10 Perma-Column, Inc Foundation column
JP2018031127A (en) * 2016-08-22 2018-03-01 平木建築工房株式会社 Column and wall structure of wooden building

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FR992912A (en) * 1944-09-29 1951-10-24 Construction method of frames or frames of all kinds and assembly elements allowing this construction
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BE750716A (en) * 1970-05-21 1970-11-03 Haeyere Emile J J D FRAME FOR CONSTRUCTIONS,

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DK501380A (en) 1981-09-30
DE8008815U1 (en) 1980-06-26
JPS56139337A (en) 1981-10-30
EP0036905A3 (en) 1981-12-16
EP0036905A2 (en) 1981-10-07
CA1157218A (en) 1983-11-22
ATE12963T1 (en) 1985-05-15
US4432184A (en) 1984-02-21

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