DE3311564C2 - House building system with wooden frame construction and prefabricated external wall elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The construction system is characterized by the fact that supports (No. 1), girders (No. 2), ceiling beams (No. 3), foot purlins (No. 4), ridge purlins (No. 5) and rafters (No. 6) are made of solid wood or board-glued wood take on the load-bearing functions (supporting structure). The outer walls are formed by inserting an outer wall element (no. 7) made of solid wood or laminated wood in the form of a rectangular frame between the supports (no. 1) and connecting it with screws. The upper part of the frame has the function of a beam - it takes the load from the ceiling. The filling (No. 8) of the outer wall element (No. 7) can be installed in the manufacturing plant or - for the benefit of the self-builder - on the construction site. Various building materials can be used as the filling, e.g. B. masonry, wooden stands, wooden planks, glass, etc. Characteristic of the construction system is its "ease of installation" - the stringing together of supports and external wall elements up to erecting the roof - even for the self-builder without much prior knowledge easily realizable. Buildings of various types and uses can be created.

Description

The invention relates to a house building system with a wooden frame construction and prefabricated exterior wall elements made of wood in the form of a rectangular frame.

The construction principle of the Kolzskelettbauten exists in that columns, girders and transoms form the structure for the load bearing from ceilings, walls and form the roof. Additional elements and / or specially designed ceilings or wall parts stiffen the building against the attack of wind forces. A combination with the vertical and horizontal disks formed from these components have been proven (compare »timber construction systems« Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Kraus Pracht, 1984, page 35).

With all the advantages of the previously known wooden frame constructions offer, it remains to be seen that their assembly is very time-consuming because it is sometimes complex Steel connecting parts are required, their manufacture, installation and anchoring on the construction site cause high costs. It must z. B. all wooden supports at their lower end with steel parts (support feet) which are set in concrete in the concrete floor or in the foundation only then provide the »hold« of the Guaranteeing supports - a costly affair with the large number of supports. In addition, the After erecting, wooden supports are initially temporarily propped up after installation of the final Cross bracing in the above Way of being connected to the subsurface. However, this implies great Expert knowledge of the fitters ahead.

If large spans are required, then the result is that the girders and the ceiling joists together require a large construction height. If one does not want to accept this disadvantage, then another one has to be used Type of construction can be selected, e.g. B. Support with ledger, which allows the ceiling joists to be placed in the outer wall area.

The object of the invention is to provide a wood skeleton construction to be designed in such a way that no steel connecting parts on the wooden supports in the outer wall area, no complex stiffening structures (against the occurrence of wind forces) and no temporary ones Supports are more necessary during assembly.

In addition, the assembly times on the construction site should be reduced to a minimum or even this work be carried out by non-specialists. Also the smallest possible height of the ceiling construction for large ones Spans (between the external supports) as well as the design of the individual external wall components to To enable frameless fixed glazing is the object of this invention.

A wooden frame construction constructed according to the invention, for example a gable roof building, consists of supports, tongues, ceiling beams, foot purlins, ridge purlins and rafters made of solid wood or glued wood. An outer wall element in the form of a rectangular frame made of solid wood or laminated wood is inserted between the outer wooden supports running through all floors and connected to these and to the subsurface (concrete floor, wooden beam floor, etc.) by means of screws. The upper part of the outer wall element absorbs the ceiling joists and thus the ceiling load - as long as it is not dissipated via the clamps or the inner wooden supports - and transfers it to the foundation via the lateral (vertical) parts. However, the roof load (in the case of the pitched, pitched and hipped roof) is transferred directly to the foundation via the foot purlin onto the outer wooden supports and via the ridge purlin onto the inner wooden supports.

The assembly of the wooden frame construction with prefabricated external wall elements is very easy and fast. On the one hand, due to the rectangular outer wall element, the Outer wall (skeleton) inherent stability during assembly, and on the other hand it is simple to line up of wooden supports and external wall elements and the fastening of these to one another or to the subsurface (Concrete floor, wooden beam floor, etc.) only with screws even by non-specialists or self-builders to accomplish without much prior knowledge. This also means that there are no steel connecting parts more needed.

By appropriate dimensioning of the wood thickness of the outer wall element and the tensile and pressure-resistant Formation of the wood connections in the area of the corners, z. B. by finger jointing, are all from the load bearing resulting forces absorbed and diverted into the foundations. By additional arrangement of struts and posts, outer wall elements are effective to protect against the occurrence of wind forces.

Because the outer wall element represents a self-contained frame and that according to DIN standards Has the required quality properties for FenstSr, fixed glazing can be installed directly on the outer wall element take place. If you take into account that a large proportion of the builders are more and more passive use solar energy through the installation of many and large windows on the south and west side of the Practicing at home, the cost savings are also very large here.

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Due to the possible use of the outer wall formwork (11). On the outer wooden supports (1) lies the Elements with large spans (between the outer purlins (4), on the inner wooden supports (1) support), the required horizontal beams or ridge purlins (5) are not required. The roof structure is made by the Bars, because their functions are formed by the outer wall egg rafters (6) which are mounted on the purlins (4 and 5) be taken over. In addition, this results in 5 gea In addition, the outer wall elements (7) in the construction height of the ceilings and thus also the view is shown, one of them with additional Stre storey height kept low. ben (8) and post (9).

Infill or the installation of the filling of the exterior F i g. 5 is a longitudinal section of the building and shows

wall elements can optionally, depending on the material, as shown in fig. 4 the vertical structure of the wooden frame, choice, both in the manufacturing plant and on the 10. This shows the location of the cut Dek construction site egg. Since there are undreamt-of possibilities bars (3) and rafters (6). Shown in view The material is the outer wooden supports (1) and the ones in between use also from this aspect co-determined located outer wall elements (7), one of them

According to this construction system can follow in detail also with additional struts (8) and posts (9). de buildings are created: residential houses, holiday homes 15 F i g. 6 shows the view of the pliers (2) and their ends, Garages, swimming pools, administration buildings, connection to the outer wall construction Canteens, workshops, schools, kindergartens, pavilions with the aid of Z-shaped metal profiles (12) etc. In addition, buildings can have up to two main areas, the ceiling load resting on the clamps on the outer floors and an additional attic wall elements (7) created (by simply laying them on) are passed on. Also all roof shapes such as flat roofs, 20 tet A screwing of the metal profiles to the outer hipped roof, Preferably, however, the gable roof and desk wall elements (7) and the pliers (2) secure the Kondach can be realized. construction.

On the basis of several, partly also large

Grid is an individual floor plan and design. For this purpose 5 sheets of drawings

freedom guaranteed 25 ■ "

The construction system according to the invention is explained below with reference to the figures, which show an exemplary embodiment represent. It shows

F i g. 1 shows a view of part of the wooden frame construction according to the invention on a larger scale,

F i g. 2 the horizontal section of the above-mentioned part along the line A - A,

F i g. 3 the horizontal section of part of the storey - in this case that of the first floor of a building with the wooden frame construction according to the invention,

4 shows the cross section along the line B-B (in FIG. 3) of a building with the wooden frame construction according to the invention,

5 shows the longitudinal section along the line CC (in FIG. 3) of a building with the wooden frame construction according to the invention,

F i g. 6 shows the view of the pliers (2) shown in FIG. 3 and 4, and their connection to the outer wall construction,

F i g. 1 shows the outer wall element (7), which is inserted between two outer wooden supports (1) and with this as well as with the subsurface (in this case concrete floor) is connected by means of screws (10). on The ceiling beams (3) and the ceiling formwork (11) are placed on the upper part of the outer wall element (7) and attached.

F i g. 2 is the horizontal section of the above part along the line AA and shows the connection of the outer wall element (7) to the wooden supports (1).

The Fig.3 represents the horizontal section of the ground floor of a building with the wooden frame construction according to the invention a grid, the wooden supports (1) in the outer wall area are joined to the outer wall elements (7). Inside the building there are other inner wooden supports (1) that, together with the pliers (2) as well as the outer wall elements (7) take up the ceiling joists (3).

F i g. 4 is a cross-section of the building and shows the vertical structure of the wooden frame, e.g. B. the location of the Outer wall element (7), the inner wooden supports (1), the clamps (2), the ceiling joists (3) and the ceiling

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. House building system with a wooden frame construction and prefabricated outer wall elements in shape a rectangular frame as reinforcement, characterized in that the wooden skeleton construction the outer walls is formed by the fact that between the two fiber all Floors continuous wooden supports (1) an outer wall element (7) made of wood and introduced with this and the subsurface (concrete floor, wooden beam floor, etc.) are connected by means of screws (10) is, wherein the upper part of the outer wall element (7) absorbs the ceiling load - as far as it is not discharged via the inner wooden supports (1) - and via the lateral (vertical) 1> ile the foundation derives; however, the roof load is transferred directly to the outer wooden supports via the purlins (4) (1) and via the ridge purlin (5) onto the inner wooden supports (1) further down to the foundation 2. House building system according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer wall element (7) is stiffened by additional struts (8) and posts (9) against the occurrence of wind forces. 3. house building system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer wall element (7) is designed so that fixed glazing can be done directly on the outer wall element (7).