Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0036—Soil deposition preventing compositions; Antiredeposition agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates

Definitions

• the present invention relates to antiredeposition agents (antigreying agents) consisting of relatively low-molecular, multifunctional esters, as well as to detergents containing such esters.
• the dirt is removed from the wash during the washing process by chemical and physical action.
• the dirt is then held. suspended and emulsified in the washing water in the form of small particles.
• the dirt is removed completely along with the washing water during the emptying operation, but since the size of the wash is often large in relation to the volume of water involved, a certain redeposition of dirt takes place onto the fibres of the wash.
• the redeposited dirt is normally finely-divided and manifests itself as a general greying of the textiles rather than in the form of spots or blotches. Naturally, this greying is particularly troublesome when white textiles are involved, but is also noticeable on a coloured wash, and in particular black textiles to which a grey hue is imparted.
• CMC carboxy methyl cellulose
• esters have an antiredeposition effect on polyester fibre which is fully on a par with the effect obtained by CMC on cotton.
• the esters are prepared from multi-functional acids and bases, and the condensation is arrested at an early stage in order to keep the molecular weight down.
• a typical ester compound according to the invention contains from 1 to 6 acid units bonded with alcohol units, and a preferred compound contains from 1 to 3 acid units.
• the compounds according to the invention are further characterized in that the number of free hydroxyl groups/mol is from 1 to 3, preferably from 2 to 3, and in that the number of free carboxyl groups/mol is from 0.1 to 0.5, preferably from 0.2 to 0.4.
• the ratio of free hydroxyl groups/free carboxyl groups in the finished compound is from 2 to 30, preferably from 5 to 15.
• concentration of free hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the compounds according to the invention controls, int. al., the hydrophility and the hydrogen bonding capacity of the compound and would seem to have a decisive effect on its antiredeposition properties. If the above-disclosed range limits are exceeded in one direction or the other, the effect would be drastically impaired. The physical explanation for this phenomenon is not yet known.
• the multi- functional esters according to the invention are manufactured in accordance with prior-art technology (please see, for example, D.H. Solomon, The Chemistry of Organic Film Formers, Krieger Publ., New York 1977).
• the starting materials comprise aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic divalent, trivalent and tetravalent carboxylic acids, as well as aliphatic and cycloaliphatic divalent, trivalent and tetravalent alcohols.
• Examples of applicable acids are ortho, iso and terephthalic acid, tri and pyromellitic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, maleic acid,-fumaric acid, citric acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, cyclohexane tricarboxylic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
• reactive derivates of these acids may also be used, such as anhydrides, esters and acid chlorides.
• Preferred acids and acid derivates are phthalic acid anhydride, isophthalic acid, adipic acid, maleic acid and trimellitic acid.
• Examples of applicable alcohols are ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol pivallic acid ester, timethylol propane, glycerol and pentaerythritol.
• Preferred alcohols are ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol and diethylene glycol.
• the multi-functional ester according to the invention is used in combination with normal detergent raw materials such as phosphate, zeolite, silicate, surfactant, perborate, percarbonate, soda and sulphate. It can be used as sole antiredeposition agent or in combination with other such agents, for example CMC. Normally, the ester constitutes 0.1-2 % of the detergent composition.
• ester according to the invention may be introduced in a variety of manners, among which mention might be made of:
• a mixture of phthalic acid anhydride (269 g) and propylene glycol (380 g) was heated at 180-190°C for 5 h under nitrogen gas.
• the reaction mixture was cooled to 150°C, whereafter trimellitic acid anhydride (120 g) was added.
• trimellitic acid anhydride 120 g was added.
• the reaction was allowed to continue first at 150°C, thereafter at a higher temperature (180-200°C), until the acid number 50 had been reached.
• An analysis showed that the number of free hydroxyl groups/mol was 2.0 and the number of free carboxyl groups/mol was 0.25.
• a mixture of maleic acid anhydride (30 g), ethylene glycol (180 g), pentaerythritol (150 g) and 1,4-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid (300 g) was heated at 210-220°C for 4 h under nitrogen gas. After cooling to 150°C, pyromellitic acid anhydride (30 g) was added, whereafter the reaction was allowed to continue at 160°C until the acid,number 50 had been reached. An analysis of the thus obtained product showed that the number of free hydroxyl groups/mol was 2.88 and the number of free carboxyl groups/mol was 0.26.
• a mixture of maleic acid anhydride (75 g), ethylene glycol (240 g), trimethylolpropane (105 g) and 1,4-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid (300 g) was heated at 210-220°C under nitrogen gas. When the acid number had fallen to 50, the reaction mixture was cooled. An analysis showed that the number of free hydroxyl groups/ mol was 2.05 and the number of free carboxyl groups/mol was 0.21.
• the antiredeposition agent according to the invention has an extremely good greying-preventive effect on polyester fibres, whereas, on the other hand, CMC almost completely lacks such an effect. It is further apparent that the agent according to the invention also has a good effect on mixed textiles of polyester/cotton, while also in this case CMC almost totally lacks any greying-preventive effect. On pure cotton textiles, C M C displays the best greying-preventive effect, but it is worth noting that the agent according to the invention displays a marked greying-preventive effect also on such textiles.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Cited By (7)

Citations (1)

• 1980
  • 1980-03-05 SE SE8001698A patent/SE8001698L/ not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1981
  • 1981-01-12 EP EP81850004A patent/EP0035478A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1981-02-06 JP JP1678981A patent/JPS56129299A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (1)

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