EP0034659A1 - Control device for the machining load on lapping, honing and grinding machines - Google Patents

Control device for the machining load on lapping, honing and grinding machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0034659A1
EP0034659A1 EP80107763A EP80107763A EP0034659A1 EP 0034659 A1 EP0034659 A1 EP 0034659A1 EP 80107763 A EP80107763 A EP 80107763A EP 80107763 A EP80107763 A EP 80107763A EP 0034659 A1 EP0034659 A1 EP 0034659A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
spindle
feed
rotatable
lapping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80107763A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0034659B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Von Schneidemesser
Paul Gerhard Nowotka
Gerhard Rüdel
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Peter Wolters Maschinenfabrik
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Peter Wolters Maschinenfabrik
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Publication of EP0034659A1 publication Critical patent/EP0034659A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
    • B24B37/07—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool
    • B24B37/08—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool for double side lapping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/16—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device for the processing pressure on lapping, honing and grinding machines.
  • the pressure exerted by the tool i.e. the lapping, honing or grinding wheel, on the surface of the workpiece or workpieces is of essential importance. If the pressure is too high, there is a risk of the desired quality of the surface being impaired, if necessary the workpiece and tool being cold-welded, in the case of lapping machines the lapping film containing the lapping grain is torn off; too little pressure results in unnecessarily long processing times and increased processing costs.
  • the DE-AS 22 04 581 shows a control device for the B earbeitungstik on a lapping or honing machine, wherein said rotatable about its axis, the tool-carrying spindle is supported such in a slidable in the axial direction part, that it by him in the feed direction is portable, the processing pressure according to a calculated or empirically determined curve, for. B. is set by means of an appropriate template.
  • Such controls can only be carried out according to certain values, which often differ significantly from the conditions actually occurring during operation.
  • the object of the invention is to design a device of the aforementioned type so that the pressure of the tool on the workpiece is always kept at an optimal value.
  • the spindle is carried by the displaceable part via resilient means which are connected to a device, the signals corresponding to the size of the relative movement of the spindle and displaceable part to a device for controlling the feed device accordingly the size of this relative movement there.
  • the spindle is rotatable in an axially parallel sleeve and is immovable relative to it in the axial direction, and this arrangement is preferably designed such that the sleeve can be moved relative to springs in the axial direction relative to springs and with a device for measuring them Movement is connected.
  • the sleeve can be mounted on a collar of the rotatable part via ball bearings and can be supported in both directions by springs in relation to the axially advanceable part.
  • the sleeve is preferably connected to a measuring device, in the output circuit of which there is a device for comparing the size of the measured values with a predetermined value, which in turn controls the feed force of the part that can be advanced.
  • the said sleeve has at least one region along its length which is elastically deformable by the force applied to it by the feed movement and which carries a strip whose electrical resistance changes when its length changes and which changes with that Input ines comparator is connected, through which the feed force of the advanceable part is controlled.
  • strain gauges for measuring the feed in a grinding machine is basically known (DE-AS 19 29 518).
  • the lower lapping disk 2 is mounted in a stationary manner and driven by a motor M via a belt drive R2.
  • the upper lapping disk 3 is located at the lower end of a vertical spindle 4, which is driven by the same motor M via a belt drive R3 in the opposite sense to the lower lapping disk 2.
  • the upper end of the spindle 4 is mounted in a bearing 5 arranged on the machine frame in such a way that it is rotatable about its axis and movable in its axial direction.
  • the spindle 4 is also mounted just above the lapping disk 3 in a bearing 9 inside the hollow piston rod 7 of a piston 6, which is movable in a cylinder 8 in the vertical direction.
  • two ball bearings 10, 11 are provided one behind the other, the bearing rings 13, 14 of which face one another on opposite sides of a collar 4a of the spindle 4, while the other bearing ring 12 of the ball bearing 10 is on the underside a flange 16a of a sleeve 16 arranged in a recess 7a. of the piston rod 7, which is concentric with it, and the other bearing ring 15 of the ball bearing 11 rests on the top of a ring 17, which is firmly connected to the sleeve 16.
  • Compression springs 18 lie between the top of the flange 16a and the radial upper wall 7b of the recess 7a; there are also compression springs 18a between the ring 17 and an annular disk 19 which closes the open end of the recess 7a. Between the sleeve 16 and the surface of the recess 7a parallel to it, there is a ball bushing 21 which reduces the friction between the sleeve 16 and the piston rod 7.
  • a carrier 22 is attached, which carries a length measuring device 23.
  • a stop 25 acts on the movable part 24 of the measuring device 23 and is attached to a ring 34 attached to the piston rod 7.
  • the stop 25 is formed as a part which is screwed onto a screw bolt 26 fastened to the ring 34, so that its distance from the ring 34 can be easily changed. The value determined by the measuring device 23 can then be used to control the pressure to be exerted on the piston 6.
  • the length measuring device 23 can work mechanically pneumatically, magnetically or hydraulically.
  • the piston rod 7 is surrounded between the ring 34 attached to its lower end and the lower closure 41 of the cylinder 8 (see FIG. 1) by a bellows 20 which protects its surface.
  • the length measuring device 23 continuously gives the comparator 36 a signal corresponding to the size of the measured value.
  • the comparator 36 compares this value with a predetermined value and gives the device 39, which determines the magnitude of the feed force acting on the piston rod 7, a signal for changing this force in accordance with the respective measured value.
  • the bearing 9 consists of two ball bearings 10, 11 and a roller bearing 27, which are located one behind the other.
  • the rings 13 and 14 are connected to the piston rod 7 via a sleeve 28 which sits immovably in a recess 7a of the piston rod 7.
  • the inner wall of the 28 has an annular projection 29, aer between the rings 13 and 14 of the ball bearings 10 and 11 is seated.
  • the projection 29 is connected to the ends 28a and 28b of the sleeve 28 via thin-walled rings 30 and 31, each of which carries a strain gauge 32a or 32b on their outer sides.
  • the roller bearing 27 lies between the spindle 4 and a ring 33 located in the outer opening of the recess 7a of the piston rod 7.
  • the ring 33 and the bearing 27 are held in the axial direction by the plate 19 screwed onto the piston rod 7.
  • the strain gauge 32b is subjected to tension, the strain gauge 32a to pressure.
  • the strain gauges 32a and 32b are connected via lines 35 (see FIG. 4) to an electrical comparator 36, in which the electrical signals given by them are compared with a signal of a predetermined size which can be set according to the conditions and which is supplied to the comparator by a device 37 .
  • the signal given by the comparator 37 is fed to a device 38, in which the signal is converted into a signal for controlling a device 39 (see also FIG.
  • the pressure in the piston chamber 8b is always kept constant by means of the device 39, so that only the pressure in the piston chamber 8a is changed by the device 31 in accordance with the signal generated by the Relative movement of the spindle 4 and piston rod 7 is generated, for example by means of the measuring strips 32a, 32b or the measuring device 23.
  • the exemplary embodiments show arrangements in which the feed p by moving the disc carried Laep 3 with respect to the workpieces W.
  • the arrangement can also be made such that the feed takes place by moving the lower lapping disk 1 carrying the workpieces upwards.

Abstract

Eine Einrichtung zum Steuern des Bearbeitungsdruckes an Läpp-, Hon- und Schleifmaschinen, bei der die das Werkzeug tragende, gegenüber dem Werkstück vorzuschiebende Spindel (4) in einem in der Vorschubrichtung verschiebbaren Teil (7) über federnde Mittel (18,18n) mitgenommen wird, und die Größe der Relativbewegung zwischen diesem Teil (7) und der Spindel (4) über eine Meßeinrichtung (23) in Signale umgesetzt wird, die eine Einrichtung zum Steuern der Vorschubbewegung beeinflussen.A device for controlling the machining pressure on lapping, honing and grinding machines, in which the spindle (4) carrying the tool and to be advanced relative to the workpiece is carried in a part (7) displaceable in the feed direction by resilient means (18, 18n) , and the size of the relative movement between this part (7) and the spindle (4) is converted via a measuring device (23) into signals which influence a device for controlling the feed movement.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Steuereinrichtung für -den Bearbeitungsdruck an Läpp-, Hon und Schleifmaschinen.The invention relates to a control device for the processing pressure on lapping, honing and grinding machines.

Bei der Arbeit mit solchen Maschinen ist der von dem Werkzeug, also der Läpp-, Hon- oder Schleifscheibe, auf die Oberfläche des Werkstücks oder der Werkstücke ausgeübte Druck von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Bei einem zu großen Druck besteht die Gefahr einer Beeinträchtigung der gewünschten Qualität der Oberfläche, gegebenenfalls ein Kaltverschweißen von Werkstück und Werkzeug, bei Läppmaschinen ein Abreißen des das Läppkorn enthaltenden Läppfilms; bei einem zu geringen Druck ergeben sich unnötig lange Bearbeitungszeiten und erhöhte Bearbeitungskosten.When working with such machines, the pressure exerted by the tool, i.e. the lapping, honing or grinding wheel, on the surface of the workpiece or workpieces is of essential importance. If the pressure is too high, there is a risk of the desired quality of the surface being impaired, if necessary the workpiece and tool being cold-welded, in the case of lapping machines the lapping film containing the lapping grain is torn off; too little pressure results in unnecessarily long processing times and increased processing costs.

Bisher wurde der bei solchen Maschinen auf die Werkstücke ausgeübte Druck in der Regel von Hand eingestellt, bei hydraulischem oder pneumatischem Vorschub durch Einstellen des Drucks des die Arbeitsscheibe in axialer Richtung gegen das Werkstück bewegenden Druckmediums. Die DE-AS 22 04 581 zeigt eine Steuereinrichtung für den Bearbeitungsdruck an einer Läpp- oder Honmaschine, bei der die um ihre Achse drehbare, das Werkzeug tragende Spindel in einem in der Achsrichtung verschiebbaren Teil derartig gelagert ist, daß sie von ihm in Vorschubrichtung mitnehmbar ist, wobei der Bearbeitungsdruck nach einer errechneten oder empirisch ermittelten Kurve, z. B. mittels einer entsprechenden Schablone, eingestellt wird. Solche Steuerungen können nur nach bestimmten Werten erfolgen, die sich von den im Betrieb tatsächlich auftretenden Verhältnissen häufig erheblich unterscheiden.So far, the pressure exerted on the workpieces in such machines has generally been set by hand, in the case of hydraulic or pneumatic feed, by adjusting the pressure of the pressure medium moving the work disk in the axial direction against the workpiece. The DE-AS 22 04 581 shows a control device for the B earbeitungsdruck on a lapping or honing machine, wherein said rotatable about its axis, the tool-carrying spindle is supported such in a slidable in the axial direction part, that it by him in the feed direction is portable, the processing pressure according to a calculated or empirically determined curve, for. B. is set by means of an appropriate template. Such controls can only be carried out according to certain values, which often differ significantly from the conditions actually occurring during operation.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung der vorgenannten Art so auszubilden, daß der Druck des Werkzeugs auf das Werkstück stets auf einem optimalen Wert gehalten wird.The object of the invention is to design a device of the aforementioned type so that the pressure of the tool on the workpiece is always kept at an optimal value.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Spindel von dem verschiebbaren Teil über federnde Mittel mitgenommen wird, die mit einer Einrichtung verbunden sind, die Signale entsprechend der Größe der Relativbewegung von der Spindel und verschiebbarem Teil an eine Einrichtung zum Steuern der Vorschubvorrichtung entsprechend der Größe dieser Relativbewegung gibt. Vorzugsweise ist die Spindel in einer achsparallelen Hülse drehbar und relativ zu ihr in Achsrichtung unbewegbar gelagert und diese Anordnung ist vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, daß die Hülse relativ zum vorschiebbaren Teil in Achsrichtung gegenüber Federn bewegbar und mit einer Einrichtung zum Messen dieser Bewegung verbunden ist.According to the invention this object is achieved in that the spindle is carried by the displaceable part via resilient means which are connected to a device, the signals corresponding to the size of the relative movement of the spindle and displaceable part to a device for controlling the feed device accordingly the size of this relative movement there. Preferably, the spindle is rotatable in an axially parallel sleeve and is immovable relative to it in the axial direction, and this arrangement is preferably designed such that the sleeve can be moved relative to springs in the axial direction relative to springs and with a device for measuring them Movement is connected.

Dabei kann die Hülse an einem Bund des drehbaren Teils über Kugellager gelagert sein und gegenüber dem axial vorschiebbaren Teil in beiden Richtungen durch Federn abgestützt sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Hülse mit einem Meßgerät verbunden, in dessen Ausgangskreis eine Vorrichtung zum Vergleichen der Größe der Meßwerte mit einem vorgegebenen Wert liegt, die ihrerseits die Vorschubkraft des vorschiebbaren Teils steuert.The sleeve can be mounted on a collar of the rotatable part via ball bearings and can be supported in both directions by springs in relation to the axially advanceable part. The sleeve is preferably connected to a measuring device, in the output circuit of which there is a device for comparing the size of the measured values with a predetermined value, which in turn controls the feed force of the part that can be advanced.

Bei einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsart der Erfindung weist die genannte Hülse auf ihrer Länge mindestens einen Bereich auf, der durch die auf ihn durch die Vorschubbewegung aufgebrachte Kraft elastisch deformierbar ist und einen Streifen trägt, dessen elektrischer Widerstand sich bei Änderung seiner Länge ändert und der mit dem Eingang ines Komparators verbunden ist, durch den die Vorschubkraft des vorschiebbaren Teils gesteuert wird. Die Verwendung von Dehnungsmeßstreifen zum Messen des Vorschubs bei einer Schleifmaschine ist grundsätzlich bekannt (DE-AS 19 29 518) .In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the said sleeve has at least one region along its length which is elastically deformable by the force applied to it by the feed movement and which carries a strip whose electrical resistance changes when its length changes and which changes with that Input ines comparator is connected, through which the feed force of the advanceable part is controlled. The use of strain gauges for measuring the feed in a grinding machine is basically known (DE-AS 19 29 518).

Die Zeichnung zeigt Ausführungsbeispiele einer solchen Lagerung gemäß der Erfindung anhand einer Zweischeiben-Läppmaschine.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt teils in Seitenansicht, teils im vertikalen Schnitt eine Länpmaschine mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Lagerung der oberen Läppcheibenspindel,
  • Fig. 2 zeigt die Lagerung in größerem Maßstab,
  • Fig. 3 zeigq ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgeräßán Lagerung der oberen Läppscheibenspindel,
  • Fig. 4 zeigt ein Schaltschema für eine Anordnung gemäß Fig. 2 oder 3.
The drawing shows exemplary embodiments of such a bearing according to the invention using a two-disc lapping machine.
  • 1 shows partly in side view, partly in vertical section, a lapping machine with a bearing according to the invention for the upper lapping disk spindle,
  • 2 shows the storage on a larger scale,
  • 3 shows another exemplary embodiment of the mounting of the upper lapping disk spindle according to the invention,
  • FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram for an arrangement according to FIG. 2 or 3.

In dem Maschinenrahmen 1 der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Zweischeiben-Läppmaschine ist die untere Läppscheibe 2 ortsfest gelagert und von einem Motor M über einen Riementrieb R2 angetrieben. Die obere Läppscheibe 3 sitzt am unteren Ende einer vertikalen Spindel 4, die vom gleichen Motor M über einen Riementrieb R3 im umgekehrten Sinn als die untere Läppscheibe 2 angetrieben wird. Das obere Ende der Spindel 4 ist in einem am Maschinenrahmen angeordneten Lager 5 derart gelagert, daß sie um ihre Achse drehbar und in ihrer Achsrichtung bewegbar ist. Die Spindel 4 ist außerdem kurz oberhalb der Läppscheibe 3 in einer Lagerung 9 im Inneren der hohlen Kolbenstange 7 eines Kolbens 6 gelagert, der in einem Zylinder 8 in vertikaler Richtung bewegbar ist.In the machine frame 1 of the two-disk lapping machine shown in FIG. 1, the lower lapping disk 2 is mounted in a stationary manner and driven by a motor M via a belt drive R2. The upper lapping disk 3 is located at the lower end of a vertical spindle 4, which is driven by the same motor M via a belt drive R3 in the opposite sense to the lower lapping disk 2. The upper end of the spindle 4 is mounted in a bearing 5 arranged on the machine frame in such a way that it is rotatable about its axis and movable in its axial direction. The spindle 4 is also mounted just above the lapping disk 3 in a bearing 9 inside the hollow piston rod 7 of a piston 6, which is movable in a cylinder 8 in the vertical direction.

Bei der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsart der Lagerung 9 sind hintereinander zwei Kugellager 10, 11 vorgesehen, deren einander zugekehrte Lagerringe 13, 14 an einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten eines Bundes 4a der Spindel 4 anliegen, während der andere Lagerring 12 des Kugellagers 10 an der Unterseite eines Flanschs 16a einer in einer Ausnehmung 7a.der Kolbenstange 7 angeordneten, zu ihr konzentrischen Hülse 16 anliegt und der andere Lagerring 15 des Kugellagers 11 an der Oberseite eines Rirgs 17 anliegt, der mit der Hülse 16 fest verbunden ist. Zwischen der Oberseite des Flanschs 16a und der radialen oberen Wand 7b der Ausnehmung 7a liegen Druckfedern 18; ebenso liegen Druckfedern 18a zwischen dem Ring 17 und einer Ringscheibe 19, die das unten offene Ende der Ausnehmung 7a schließt. Zwischen der Hülse 16 und der zu ihr parallelen Fläche der Ausnehmung 7a liegt eine Kugelbuchse 21, die die Reibung zwischen der Hülse 16 und der Kolbenstange 7 vermindert.In the embodiment of the bearing 9 shown in FIG. 2, two ball bearings 10, 11 are provided one behind the other, the bearing rings 13, 14 of which face one another on opposite sides of a collar 4a of the spindle 4, while the other bearing ring 12 of the ball bearing 10 is on the underside a flange 16a of a sleeve 16 arranged in a recess 7a. of the piston rod 7, which is concentric with it, and the other bearing ring 15 of the ball bearing 11 rests on the top of a ring 17, which is firmly connected to the sleeve 16. Compression springs 18 lie between the top of the flange 16a and the radial upper wall 7b of the recess 7a; there are also compression springs 18a between the ring 17 and an annular disk 19 which closes the open end of the recess 7a. Between the sleeve 16 and the surface of the recess 7a parallel to it, there is a ball bushing 21 which reduces the friction between the sleeve 16 and the piston rod 7.

Am unteren Ende der Hülse 16 ist ein Träger 22 befestigt, der ein Längenmeßgerät 23 trägt. Auf den beweglichen Teil 24 des Meßgeräts 23 wirkt ein Anschlag 25, der an einem an der Kolbenstange 7 angebrachten Ring 34 befestigt ist. In Fig. 3 ist der Anschlag 25 als ein Teil ausgebildet, der auf einem am Ring 34 befestigten Schraubenbolzen 26 aufgeschraubt ist, so daß sein Abstand vom Ring 34 leicht verändert werden kann. Der von dem Meßgerät 23 ermittelte Wert kann dann zum Steuern des auf den Kolben 6 auszuübenden Drucks ausgenutzt werden.At the lower end of the sleeve 16, a carrier 22 is attached, which carries a length measuring device 23. A stop 25 acts on the movable part 24 of the measuring device 23 and is attached to a ring 34 attached to the piston rod 7. In Fig. 3 the stop 25 is formed as a part which is screwed onto a screw bolt 26 fastened to the ring 34, so that its distance from the ring 34 can be easily changed. The value determined by the measuring device 23 can then be used to control the pressure to be exerted on the piston 6.

Das Längemeßgerät 23 kann machanisch pneumatisch, magnetisch oder hydraulisch arbeiten.The length measuring device 23 can work mechanically pneumatically, magnetically or hydraulically.

Die Kolbenstange 7 ist zwischen dem an ihrem unteren Ende befestigten Ring 34 und dem unteren Verschluß 41 des Zylinders 8 (s. Fig. 1) von einem Balgen 20 umgeben, der ihre Oberfläche schützt.The piston rod 7 is surrounded between the ring 34 attached to its lower end and the lower closure 41 of the cylinder 8 (see FIG. 1) by a bellows 20 which protects its surface.

Bei der Ausführungsart nach Fig. 2 wird von dem Längenmeßgerät 23 dem Komparator 36 laufend ein de Größe des Meßwerts entsprechendes Signal gegeben. Der Komparator 36 vergleicht diesen Wert mit einem vorbestimmten Wert und gibt der Einrichtung 39, die die Größe der auf die Kolbenstange 7 wirkenden Vorschubkraft bestimmt, ein Signal zur Änderung dieser Kraft entsprechend dem jeweiligen Meßwert.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the length measuring device 23 continuously gives the comparator 36 a signal corresponding to the size of the measured value. The comparator 36 compares this value with a predetermined value and gives the device 39, which determines the magnitude of the feed force acting on the piston rod 7, a signal for changing this force in accordance with the respective measured value.

Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsart besteht die Lagerung 9 aus zwei Kugellagern 10, 11 und einem Rollenlager 27, die hintereinanderliegen. Von den beiden Ringen 13, 14 bzw. 12, 15 der Kugellager 10 und 11 sind die Ringe 12 und 15 mit der Spindel 4 verbunden. Die Ringe 13 und 14 sind mit der Kolbenstange 7 über eine Hülse 28 verbunden, die in einer Ausnehmung 7a der Kolbenstange 7 unbeweglich sitzt. Die Innenwand der

Figure imgb0001
28 besitzt einen ringförmigen Vorsprung 29, aer zwischen den Ringen 13 und 14 der Kugellager 10 und 11 sitzt. Der Vorsprung 29 ist mit den Enden 28a und 28b der Hülse 28 über dünnwandige Ringe 30 und 31 verbunden, die auf ihren Außenseiten je einen Dehnungsmeßstreifen 32a bzw. 32b tragen. Das Wälzlager 27 liegt zwischen der Spindel 4 und einem in der äußeren Öffnung der Ausnehmung 7a der Kolbenstange 7 liegenden Ring 33. Der Ring 33 und das Lager 27 werden in axialer Richtung gehalten durch die an der Kolbenstange 7 angeschraubte Platte 19.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the bearing 9 consists of two ball bearings 10, 11 and a roller bearing 27, which are located one behind the other. Of the two rings 13, 14 and 12, 15 of the ball bearings 10 and 11, the rings 12 and 15 are connected to the spindle 4. The rings 13 and 14 are connected to the piston rod 7 via a sleeve 28 which sits immovably in a recess 7a of the piston rod 7. The inner wall of the
Figure imgb0001
28 has an annular projection 29, aer between the rings 13 and 14 of the ball bearings 10 and 11 is seated. The projection 29 is connected to the ends 28a and 28b of the sleeve 28 via thin-walled rings 30 and 31, each of which carries a strain gauge 32a or 32b on their outer sides. The roller bearing 27 lies between the spindle 4 and a ring 33 located in the outer opening of the recess 7a of the piston rod 7. The ring 33 and the bearing 27 are held in the axial direction by the plate 19 screwed onto the piston rod 7.

Wenn der von der oberen Läppscheibe 3 auf die Werkstücke W ausgeübte Druck dadurch erhöht wird, daß die Spindel 4 durch die Kolbenstange 7 in Richtung des Pfeiles P bewegt wird, so wird der Dehnungsmeßstreifen 32b auf Zug, der Dehnungsmeßstreifen 32a auf Druck beansprucht. Die Dehnungsmeßstreifen 32a und 32b sind über Leitungen 35 (s. Fig. 4) mit einem elektrischen Komparator 36 verbunden, in dem die von ihnen gegebenen elektrischen Signale verglichen werden mit einem dem Komparator durch eine Einrichtung 37 zugeführten Signal vorbestimmter, entsprechend den Verhältnissen einstellbarer Größe. Das simit vom Komparator 37 gegebene Signal wird einer Einrichtung 38 zugeführt, in der das Signal umgewandelt wird in ein Signal zum Steuern einer Einrichtung 39 (s. auch Fig. 1), die einerseits mit einer Pumpe 40 zum Fördern des den Kolben 6 bewegenden hydraulischen Mediums und andererseits über Leitungen 39a, 39b mit den durch den Kolben 6 getrennten Räumen 8a, 8b des Zylinders 8 verbunden ist. Durch die Einrichtung 39 wird somit der Druck in den Zylinderräumen 8a, 8b entsprechend den von den Dehnungsmeßstreifen 32a, 32b gegebenen Signalen geändert, so daß der in Richtung P (Fig. 2) gerichtete Druck auf den Kolben 6 und damit der Druck der Läppscheibe 3 auf die Werkstücke W geändert wird.If the pressure exerted by the upper lapping disk 3 on the workpieces W is increased by moving the spindle 4 through the piston rod 7 in the direction of the arrow P, the strain gauge 32b is subjected to tension, the strain gauge 32a to pressure. The strain gauges 32a and 32b are connected via lines 35 (see FIG. 4) to an electrical comparator 36, in which the electrical signals given by them are compared with a signal of a predetermined size which can be set according to the conditions and which is supplied to the comparator by a device 37 . The signal given by the comparator 37 is fed to a device 38, in which the signal is converted into a signal for controlling a device 39 (see also FIG. 1), which on the one hand has a pump 40 for conveying the hydraulic fluid moving the piston 6 Medium and on the other hand is connected via lines 39a, 39b to the spaces 8a, 8b of the cylinder 8 separated by the piston 6. The device 39 thus changes the pressure in the cylinder spaces 8a, 8b in accordance with the signals given by the strain gauges 32a, 32b, so that the pressure in the direction P (FIG. 2) on the piston 6 and thus the pressure of the lapping disk 3 on the workpieces W is changed.

Vorzugsweise wird mittels des Geräts 39 der Druck im Kolbenraum 8b stets konstant gehalten, so daß durch das Gerät 31 lediglich der Druck im Kolbenraum 8a entsprechend dem Signal geändert wird, das durch die Relativbewegung von Spindel 4 und Kolbenstange 7 erzeugt wird, sei es beispielsweise mittels der Meßstreifen 32a, 32b oder des Meßgeräts 23.Preferably, the pressure in the piston chamber 8b is always kept constant by means of the device 39, so that only the pressure in the piston chamber 8a is changed by the device 31 in accordance with the signal generated by the Relative movement of the spindle 4 and piston rod 7 is generated, for example by means of the measuring strips 32a, 32b or the measuring device 23.

Die Ausführungsbeispiele zeigen Anordnungen, bei denen der Vorschub durch Bewegung der Läppscheibe 3 gegenüber den Werkstücken W erfolgt. Grundsätzlich kann die Anordnung auch so getroffen werden, däß der Vorschub durch Aufwärtsbewegen der die Werkstücke tragenden unteren Läppscheibe 1 erfolgt.The exemplary embodiments show arrangements in which the feed p by moving the disc carried Laep 3 with respect to the workpieces W. In principle, the arrangement can also be made such that the feed takes place by moving the lower lapping disk 1 carrying the workpieces upwards.

Claims (7)

1. Steuereinrichtung für den Bearbeitungsdruck an Läpp-, Hon- und Schleifmaschinen, deren um ihre Achse drehbare, das Werkzeug tragende Spindel in einem in der Achsrichtung verschiebbaren Teil derartig gelagert ist, daß sie von ihm in Vorschubrichtung mitnehmbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spindel (4) von dem verschiebbaren Teil (7) über federnde Mittel (18, 18a, 29, 30) mitgenommen wird, die mit einer Einrichtung (23, 31, 32) verbunden sind, die Signale entsprechend der Größe der Relativbewegung von der Spindel (4) und verschiebbarem Teil (7) an eine Einrichtung (39) zum Steuern der Vorschubvorrichtung (6, 7, 8, 39) entsprechend der Größe dieser Relativbewegung gibt.1. Control device for the processing pressure on lapping, honing and grinding machines, whose rotatable about its axis, the tool-bearing spindle is mounted in such a way that it can be taken along in the feed direction in a part displaceable in the axial direction, characterized in that the Spindle (4) is carried by the displaceable part (7) via resilient means (18, 18a, 29, 30), which are connected to a device (23, 31, 32), the signals according to the size of the relative movement of the spindle (4) and displaceable part (7) to a device (39) for controlling the feed device (6, 7, 8, 39) according to the size of this relative movement. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spindel (4) in einer achsparallelen Hülse (16) drehbar und ihr gegenüber in Achsrichtung unbewegbar gelagert ist, die relativ zu dem vorschiebbaren Teil (7) in Achsrichtung gegenüber Federn (18, 18a) bewegbar und mit einer Einrichtung (23) zum Messen dieser Bewegung verbunden ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spindle (4) in an axially parallel sleeve (16) is rotatable and is immovable relative to it in the axial direction, which is relative to the advanced part (7) in the axial direction against springs (18, 18a ) is movable and connected to a device (23) for measuring this movement. 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (16) an einem Bund (4a) des drehbaren Teils (4) über Kugellager (10, 11) an einer Hülse (16) gelagert ist, die gegenüber dem axial vorschiebbaren Teil (7) in beiden Richtungen durch in dieser Axialrichtung wirkende Federn (18, 18a) abgestützt ist.3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the sleeve (16) on a collar (4a) of the rotatable part (4) via ball bearings (10, 11) on a sleeve (16) is mounted, which is relative to the axially advanced part (7) is supported in both directions by springs (18, 18a) acting in this axial direction. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (16) in dem in Achsrichtung verschiebbaren Teil (7) durch eine Kugellagerung (21) gelagert ist.4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the sleeve (16) in the axially displaceable part (7) is mounted by a ball bearing (21). 5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (16) mit einer Längenmeßgerät (23) verbunden ist, in dessen Ausgangskrei. eine Vorrichtung (36) zum Vergleich der Meßwerte mit einem vorbestimmten Wert liegt, die die Vorschubkraft des vorschiebbaren Teils (7) steuert.5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the sleeve (16) is connected to a length measuring device (23), in the output circuit. there is a device (36) for comparing the measured values with a predetermined value, which controls the feed force of the part (7) which can be advanced. 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der drehbare Teil (4) in einer achsparallelen, im vorschiebbaren Teil (7) angeordneten Hülse (16) drehbar gelagert ist, die auf ihrer Länge mindestens einen Bereich (29, 30) besitzt, der durch die auf ihn durch die Vorschubbewegung aufgebrachte Kraft elastisch deformierbar ist und einen Streifen (31, 32) trägt, dessen elektrischer Widerstand sich bei Änderung seiner Länge ändert und der mit dem Eingang eines Komparators (36) verbunden ist, durch den die Vorschubkraft des vorschiebbaren Teils (7) gesteuert wird.6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotatable part (4) is rotatably mounted in an axially parallel, in the push-in part (7) arranged sleeve (16) which has at least one area (29, 30) along its length, which is elastically deformable by the force applied to it by the feed movement and carries a strip (31, 32) whose electrical resistance changes as its length changes and which is connected to the input of a comparator (36) by means of which the feed force of the pushable part (7) is controlled. 7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der drehbare Teil (4) das rotierende Werkzeug (3) trägt.7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotatable part (4) carries the rotating tool (3).
EP80107763A 1979-12-18 1980-12-10 Control device for the machining load on lapping, honing and grinding machines Expired EP0034659B1 (en)

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DE2950881 1979-12-18
DE2950881A DE2950881C2 (en) 1979-12-18 1979-12-18 Control device for the processing pressure on lapping, honing and wear machines

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FR2564360A1 (en) * 1984-05-21 1985-11-22 Crismatec DOUBLE-SIDED MACHINING MACHINE AND DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING CURRENT AND FLUID BETWEEN A ROTATING STRUCTURE AND A NON-ROTATING STRUCTURE
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EP0584843A3 (en) * 1990-02-27 1994-05-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Device controlling the machining force of a tool
EP0481936A2 (en) * 1990-10-17 1992-04-22 MELCHIORRE OFFICINA MECCANICA S.r.l. Method of and apparatus for continuously controlling the pressure applied on workpieces in a double-plate lapping machine
EP0481936A3 (en) * 1990-10-17 1992-08-26 Melchiorre Officina Meccanica S.R.L. Method of and apparatus for continuously controlling the pressure applied on workpieces in a double-plate lapping machine

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US4370835A (en) 1983-02-01
EP0034659B1 (en) 1983-08-10
DE2950881A1 (en) 1981-06-25
DE2950881C2 (en) 1983-06-01

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