EP0034659B1 - Control device for the machining load on lapping, honing and grinding machines - Google Patents

Control device for the machining load on lapping, honing and grinding machines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0034659B1
EP0034659B1 EP80107763A EP80107763A EP0034659B1 EP 0034659 B1 EP0034659 B1 EP 0034659B1 EP 80107763 A EP80107763 A EP 80107763A EP 80107763 A EP80107763 A EP 80107763A EP 0034659 B1 EP0034659 B1 EP 0034659B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lapping
spindle
honing
feed
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80107763A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0034659A1 (en
Inventor
Christian Von Schneidemesser
Paul Gerhard Nowotka
Gerhard Rüdel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Peter Wolters Maschinenfabrik
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Peter Wolters Maschinenfabrik
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Publication date
Application filed by Peter Wolters Maschinenfabrik filed Critical Peter Wolters Maschinenfabrik
Publication of EP0034659A1 publication Critical patent/EP0034659A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0034659B1 publication Critical patent/EP0034659B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
    • B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
    • B24B37/07—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool
    • B24B37/08—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool for double side lapping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/16—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the load

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for controlling the processing pressure according to the preamble of claim 1 (DE-A-2 204 581)
  • the pressure exerted by the tool i.e. the lapping, honing or grinding wheel, on the surface of the workpiece or workpieces is of essential importance. If the pressure is too high, there is a risk of the desired quality of the surface being impaired, if necessary the workpiece and tool being cold-welded, in the case of lapping machines the lapping film containing the lapping grain is torn off; too little pressure results in unnecessarily long processing times and increased processing costs.
  • DE-AS 22 04 581 shows a control device for the processing pressure on a lapping or honing machine, in which the spindle, which rotates about its axis and carries the tool, is mounted in a part which is displaceable in the axial direction in such a way that it is supported by it via resilient means can be taken along in the feed direction, the machining pressure being based on a calculated or empirically determined curve, for example by means of an appropriate template.
  • Such controls can only be carried out according to certain values, which often differ significantly from the conditions actually occurring during operation.
  • the object of the invention is to design a device of the aforementioned type so that the pressure of the tool on the workpiece is always automatically kept at an optimal value.
  • this object is achieved in that the spindle is rotatably mounted in an axially parallel sleeve which is arranged in the part which can be pushed forward and has at least one area along its length which is elastically deformable by the force applied to it by the feed movement and a strip carries, whose electrical resistance changes when its length changes, and which is connected to the input of a comparator by which the feed force of the advanceable part is controlled.
  • strain gauges for measuring the feed in a grinding machine is basically known (DE-AS 1929518).
  • the drawing shows an embodiment of such a bearing according to the invention using a two-disc lapping machine.
  • the lower lapping disc 2 is mounted in a fixed position and driven by a motor M via a belt drive R2.
  • the upper lapping disk 3 is located at the lower end of a vertical spindle 4, which is driven by the same motor M via a belt drive R3 in the opposite sense to the lower lapping disk 2.
  • the upper end of the spindle 4 is mounted in a bearing 5 arranged on the machine frame in such a way that it can be rotated about its axis and can be moved in its axial direction.
  • the spindle 4 is also mounted just above the lapping disk 3 in a bearing 9 inside the hollow piston rod 7 of a piston 6, which is movable in a cylinder 8 in the vertical direction.
  • the bearing 9 consists of two ball bearings 10, 11 and a roller bearing 27, which lie one behind the other.
  • the rings 13 and 14 are connected to the spindle 4.
  • the rings 13 and 14 are connected to the piston rod 7 via a sleeve 28 which sits immovably in a recess 7a of the piston rod 7.
  • the inner wall of the sleeve 28 has an annular projection 29 which sits between the rings 13 and 14 of the ball bearings 10 and 11.
  • the projection 29 is connected to the ends 28a and 28b of the sleeve 28 via thin-walled rings 30 and 31, which are so thin that they are deformed in the direction of the arrow P when subjected to a load, and on their outer sides a strain gauge 32a and 32b, respectively wear.
  • the roller bearing 27 lies between the spindle 4 and a ring 33 lying in the outer opening of the recess 7a of the piston rod 7. The ring 33 and the bearing 27 are held in the axial direction by the plate 19 screwed onto the piston rod 7.
  • the strain gauge 32b is subjected to tension, the strain gauge 32a to pressure.
  • the strain gauges 32a and 32b are via lines 35 (see FIG. 3) with an electrical comparator and a signal 37 supplied with a predetermined signal which can be set in accordance with the conditions.
  • the signal thus given by the comparator 37 is fed to a device 38, in which the signal is converted into a signal for controlling a device 39 (see also FIG.
  • the pressure in the piston chamber 8b is preferably always kept constant by means of the device 39, so that the device 31 merely changes the pressure in the piston chamber 8a in accordance with the signal which is generated by the relative movement of the spindle 4 and the piston rod 7, for example by means of the measuring strip 32a, 32b or the measuring device 23.
  • the arrangement can also be such that the feed takes place by moving the lower lapping disk 1 carrying the workpieces upwards.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Steuern des Bearbeitungsdrucks nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 (DE-A-2 204 581)The invention relates to a device for controlling the processing pressure according to the preamble of claim 1 (DE-A-2 204 581)

Bei der Arbeit mit solchen Maschinen ist der von dem Werkzeug, also der Läpp-, Hon- oder Schleifscheibe, auf die Oberfläche des Werkstücks oder der Werkstücke ausgeübte Druck von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Bei einem zu grossen Druck besteht die Gefahr einer Beeinträchtigung der gewünschten Qualität der Oberfläche, gegebenenfalls ein Kaltverschweissen von Werktstück und Werkzeug, bei Läppmaschinen ein Abreissen des das Läppkorn enthaltenden Läppfilms; bei einem zu geringen Druck ergeben sich unnötig lange Bearbeitungszeiten und erhöhte Bearbeitungskosten.When working with such machines, the pressure exerted by the tool, i.e. the lapping, honing or grinding wheel, on the surface of the workpiece or workpieces is of essential importance. If the pressure is too high, there is a risk of the desired quality of the surface being impaired, if necessary the workpiece and tool being cold-welded, in the case of lapping machines the lapping film containing the lapping grain is torn off; too little pressure results in unnecessarily long processing times and increased processing costs.

Bisher wurde der bei solchen Maschinen auf die Werkstücke ausgeübte Druck in der Regel von Hand eingestellt, bei hydraulischem oder pneumatischem Vorschub durch Einstellen des Drucks des die Arbeitsscheibe in axialer Richtung gegen das Werkstück bewegenden Druckmediums. Die DE-AS 22 04 581 zeigt eine Steuereinrichtung für den Bearbeitungsdruck an einer Läpp- oder Honmaschine, bei der die um ihre Achse drehbare, das Werkzeug tragende Spindel in einem in der Achsrichtung verschiebbaren Teil derartig gelagert ist, dass sie von ihm über federnde Mittel in Vorschubrichtung mitnehmbar ist, wobei der Bearbeitungsdruck nach einer errechneten oder empirisch ermittelten Kurve, z.B. mittels einer entsprechenden Schablone, eingestellt wird. Solche Steuerungen können nur nach bestimmten Werten erfolgen, die sich von den im Betrieb tatsächlich auftretenden Verhältnissen häufig erheblich unterscheiden.So far, the pressure exerted on the workpieces in such machines has generally been set by hand, in the case of hydraulic or pneumatic feed, by adjusting the pressure of the pressure medium moving the work disk in the axial direction against the workpiece. DE-AS 22 04 581 shows a control device for the processing pressure on a lapping or honing machine, in which the spindle, which rotates about its axis and carries the tool, is mounted in a part which is displaceable in the axial direction in such a way that it is supported by it via resilient means can be taken along in the feed direction, the machining pressure being based on a calculated or empirically determined curve, for example by means of an appropriate template. Such controls can only be carried out according to certain values, which often differ significantly from the conditions actually occurring during operation.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung der vorgenannten Art so auszubilden, dass der Druck des Werkzeugs auf das Werkstück stets automatisch auf einem optimalen Wert gehalten wird.The object of the invention is to design a device of the aforementioned type so that the pressure of the tool on the workpiece is always automatically kept at an optimal value.

Gemäss der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Spindel in einer achsparallelen, im vorschiebbaren Teil angeordneten Hülse drehbar gelagert ist, die auf ihrer Länge mindestens einen Bereich besitzt, der durch die auf ihn durch die Vorschubbewegung aufgebrachte Kraft elastisch deformierbar ist und einen Streifen trägt, dessen elektrischer Widerstand sich bei Änderung seiner Länge ändert, und der mit dem Eingang eines Komparators verbunden ist, durch den die Vorschubkraft des vorschiebbaren Teils gesteuert wird. Die Verwendung von Dehnungsmessstreifen zum Messen des Vorschubs bei einer Schleifmaschine ist grundsätzlich bekannt (DE-AS 1929518).According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the spindle is rotatably mounted in an axially parallel sleeve which is arranged in the part which can be pushed forward and has at least one area along its length which is elastically deformable by the force applied to it by the feed movement and a strip carries, whose electrical resistance changes when its length changes, and which is connected to the input of a comparator by which the feed force of the advanceable part is controlled. The use of strain gauges for measuring the feed in a grinding machine is basically known (DE-AS 1929518).

Die Zeichnung zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer solchen Lagerung gemäss der Erfindung anhand einer Zweischeiben-Läppmaschine.The drawing shows an embodiment of such a bearing according to the invention using a two-disc lapping machine.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt teils in Seitenansicht, teils im vertikalen Schnitt eine Läppmaschine mit einer erfindungsgemässen Lagerung der oberen Läppscheibenspindel,1 shows, partly in side view, partly in vertical section, a lapping machine with a bearing according to the invention for the upper lapping disk spindle,
  • Fig. 2 zeigt die Lagerung in grösserem Massstab,2 shows the storage on a larger scale,
  • Fig. 3 zeigt ein Schaltschema für eine Anordnung gemäss Fig. 2FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram for an arrangement according to FIG. 2

In dem Maschinenrahmen 1 der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Zweischeiben-Läppmaschine ist die untere Läppscheibe 2 ortsfest gelagert und von einem Motor M über einen Riementrieb R2 angetrieben. Die obere Läppscheibe 3 sitzt am unteren Ende einer vertikalen Spindel 4, die vom gleichen Motor M über einen Riementrieb R3 im umgekehrten Sinn als die untere Läppscheibe 2 angetrieben wird. Das obere Ende der Spindel 4 ist in einem am Maschinenrahmen angeordneten Lager 5 derart gelagert, dass sie um ihre Achse drehbar und in ihrer Achsrichtung bewegbar ist. Die Spindel 4 ist ausserdem kurz oberhalb der Läppscheibe 3 in einer Lagerung 9 im Inneren der hohlen Kolbenstange 7 eines Kolbens 6 gelagert, der in einem Zylinder 8 in vertikaler Richtung bewegbar ist.In the machine frame 1 of the two-disc lapping machine shown in FIG. 1, the lower lapping disc 2 is mounted in a fixed position and driven by a motor M via a belt drive R2. The upper lapping disk 3 is located at the lower end of a vertical spindle 4, which is driven by the same motor M via a belt drive R3 in the opposite sense to the lower lapping disk 2. The upper end of the spindle 4 is mounted in a bearing 5 arranged on the machine frame in such a way that it can be rotated about its axis and can be moved in its axial direction. The spindle 4 is also mounted just above the lapping disk 3 in a bearing 9 inside the hollow piston rod 7 of a piston 6, which is movable in a cylinder 8 in the vertical direction.

Bei der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsart der Erfindung besteht die Lagerung 9 aus zwei Kugellagern 10,11 und einem Rollenlager 27, die hintereinanderliegen. Von den beiden Ringen 13, 14 bzw. 12, 15 der Kugellager 10 und 11 sind die Ringe 12 und 15 mit der Spindel 4 verbunden. Die Ringe 13 und 14 sind mit der Kolbenstange 7 über eine Hülse 28 verbunden, die in einer Ausnehmung 7a der Kolbenstange 7 unbeweglich sitzt. Die Innenwand der Hülse 28 besitzt einen ringförmigen Vorsprung 29, der zwischen den Ringen 13 und 14 der Kugellager 10 und 11 sitzt. Der Vorsprung 29 ist mit den Enden 28a und 28b der Hülse 28 über dünnwandige Ringe 30 und 31 verbunden, die so dünn sind, dass sie bei einer Belastung in Richtung des Pfeils P deformiert werden, und auf ihren Aussenseiten je einen Dehnungsmessstreifen 32a bzw. 32b tragen. Das Wälzlager 27 liegt zwischen der Spindel 4 und einem in der äusseren Öffnung der Ausnehmung 7a der Kolbenstange 7 liegenden Ring 33. Der Ring 33 und das Lager 27 werden in axialer Richtung gehalten durch die an der Kolbenstange 7 angeschraubte Platte 19.In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 2, the bearing 9 consists of two ball bearings 10, 11 and a roller bearing 27, which lie one behind the other. Of the two rings 13, 14 and 12, 15 of the ball bearings 10 and 11, the rings 12 and 15 are connected to the spindle 4. The rings 13 and 14 are connected to the piston rod 7 via a sleeve 28 which sits immovably in a recess 7a of the piston rod 7. The inner wall of the sleeve 28 has an annular projection 29 which sits between the rings 13 and 14 of the ball bearings 10 and 11. The projection 29 is connected to the ends 28a and 28b of the sleeve 28 via thin-walled rings 30 and 31, which are so thin that they are deformed in the direction of the arrow P when subjected to a load, and on their outer sides a strain gauge 32a and 32b, respectively wear. The roller bearing 27 lies between the spindle 4 and a ring 33 lying in the outer opening of the recess 7a of the piston rod 7. The ring 33 and the bearing 27 are held in the axial direction by the plate 19 screwed onto the piston rod 7.

Wenn der von der oberen Läppscheibe 3 auf die Werkstücke W ausgeübte Druck dadurch erhöht wird, dass die Spindel 4 durch die Kolbenstange 7 in Richtung des Pfeiles P bewegt wird, so wird der Dehnungsmessstreifen 32b auf Zug, der Dehnungsmessstreifen 32a auf Druck beansprucht. Die Dehnungsmessstreifen 32a und 32b sind über Leitungen 35 (s. Fig. 3) mit einem elektrischen Komparator durch eine Einrichtung 37 zugeführten Signal vorbestimmter, entsprechend den Verhältnissen einstellbarer Grösse. Das somit vom Komparator 37 gegebenen Signal wird einer Einrichtung 38 zugeführt, in der das Signal umgewandelt wird in ein Signal zum Steuern einer Einrichtung 39 (s. auch Fig. 1), die einerseits mit einer Pumpe 40 zum Fördern des den Kolben 6 bewegenden hydraulischen Mediums und andererseits über Leitungen 39a, 39b mit den durch den Kolben 6 getrennten Räumen 8a, 8b des Zylinders 8 verbunden ist. Durch die Einrichtung 39 wird somit der Druck in den Zylinderräumen 8a, 8b entsprechend den von den Dehnungsmessstreifen 32a, 32b gegebenen Signalen geändert, so dass der in Richtung P gerichtete Druck auf den Kolben 6 und damit der Druck der Läppscheibe 3 auf die Werkstücke W geändert wird.If the pressure exerted by the upper lapping disk 3 on the workpieces W is increased by the fact that the spindle 4 is moved by the piston rod 7 in the direction of the arrow P, the strain gauge 32b is subjected to tension, the strain gauge 32a to pressure. The strain gauges 32a and 32b are via lines 35 (see FIG. 3) with an electrical comparator and a signal 37 supplied with a predetermined signal which can be set in accordance with the conditions. The signal thus given by the comparator 37 is fed to a device 38, in which the signal is converted into a signal for controlling a device 39 (see also FIG. 1), which on the one hand has a pump 40 for conveying the hydraulic fluid moving the piston 6 Medium and on the other hand via lines 39a, 39b with the spaces 8a, 8b of the cylinder separated by the piston 6 whose 8 is connected. The device 39 thus changes the pressure in the cylinder spaces 8a, 8b in accordance with the signals given by the strain gauges 32a, 32b, so that the pressure in the direction P on the piston 6 and thus the pressure of the lapping disk 3 on the workpieces W are changed becomes.

Vorzugsweise wird mittels des Gerätes 39 der Druck im Kolbenraum 8b stets konstant gehalten, so dass durch das Gerät 31 lediglich der Druck im Kolbenraum 8a entsprechend dem Signal geändert wird, das durch die Relativbewegung von Spindel 4 und Kolbenstange 7 erzeugt wird, sei es beispielsweise mittels der Messstreifen 32a, 32b oder des Messgeräts 23.The pressure in the piston chamber 8b is preferably always kept constant by means of the device 39, so that the device 31 merely changes the pressure in the piston chamber 8a in accordance with the signal which is generated by the relative movement of the spindle 4 and the piston rod 7, for example by means of the measuring strip 32a, 32b or the measuring device 23.

Grundsätzlich kann die Anordnung auch so getroffen werden, dass der Vorschub durch Aufwärtsbewegen der die Werkstücke tragenden unteren Läppscheibe 1 erfolgt.In principle, the arrangement can also be such that the feed takes place by moving the lower lapping disk 1 carrying the workpieces upwards.

Claims (1)

  1. Device for controlling the operating pressure on lapping, honing and grinding machines, whose spindle (4), which bears the tool and is rotatable about its axis, is mounted in a part (7), which may be advanced in the axial direction, in such a way that the spindle may be entrained by the part via resilient means in the feed direction, characterized in that the spindle (4) is rotatably mounted in an axially parallel sleeve (28) which is arranged in the part (7), which may be advanced, and which sleeve has at least one region (19, 30) over its length which may be resiliently deformed by the force applied thereon by the feed movememt and bears a bar (31, 32), the electrical resistance of which alters when its length alters and which is connected to the input of a comparator (36) by means of which the feed force of the part (7), which may be advanced, is controlled.
EP80107763A 1979-12-18 1980-12-10 Control device for the machining load on lapping, honing and grinding machines Expired EP0034659B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2950881A DE2950881C2 (en) 1979-12-18 1979-12-18 Control device for the processing pressure on lapping, honing and wear machines
DE2950881 1979-12-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0034659A1 EP0034659A1 (en) 1981-09-02
EP0034659B1 true EP0034659B1 (en) 1983-08-10

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EP80107763A Expired EP0034659B1 (en) 1979-12-18 1980-12-10 Control device for the machining load on lapping, honing and grinding machines

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US (1) US4370835A (en)
EP (1) EP0034659B1 (en)
DE (1) DE2950881C2 (en)

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JPS58192720A (en) * 1982-04-28 1983-11-10 Inoue Japax Res Inc Electric spark machine
US4545153A (en) * 1983-12-12 1985-10-08 Charlton Associates Force sensor for controlling polishing pad pressure
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EP0227651A1 (en) * 1985-06-24 1987-07-08 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Method and apparatus for burnishing diamond and cubic boron nitride and the products thereof
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US4763448A (en) * 1987-05-11 1988-08-16 Junichi Yoshioka Centerless grinding machine
DE3818159A1 (en) * 1988-05-28 1989-11-30 Wolters Peter Fa METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE OPERATION OF HONING OR GRINDING MACHINES
US5083401A (en) * 1988-08-08 1992-01-28 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of polishing
JP2977203B2 (en) * 1989-04-19 1999-11-15 株式会社東芝 Polishing equipment
DE3925274A1 (en) * 1989-07-31 1991-02-07 Diskus Werke Frankfurt Main Ag Supply and dispensing mechanism for lapping mixt.
AU7347191A (en) * 1990-02-12 1991-09-03 P.R. Hoffman Machine Products Corporation System for controlling the force applied to a workpiece by a tool element
EP0584843B1 (en) * 1990-02-27 1998-10-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Device controlling the machining force of a tool
IT1244131B (en) * 1990-10-17 1994-07-08 Melchiorre Off Mecc METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CONTINUOUS CONTROL OF THE THRUST APPLIED ON THE WORKPIECES IN A DOUBLE PLATEAU LAPPING MACHINE.
AU5004997A (en) * 1996-10-28 1998-05-22 Hmt Technology Corporation Apparatus for polishing planar substrates between rotating plates
EP0868968B1 (en) * 1997-03-31 2003-02-19 Nippei Toyama Corporation Grinder and grinding method
JP2000006005A (en) * 1998-06-22 2000-01-11 Speedfam Co Ltd Double side polishing device
CN112109012B (en) * 2020-09-06 2022-03-11 安徽誉林汽车部件有限公司 Automobile rubber bushing clamping device and method for automatically measuring stress

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DE1929518B2 (en) * 1969-06-11 1972-07-06 Diskus Werke Frankfurt Am Main Ag, 6000 Frankfurt CONTROL DEVICE FOR THE DELIVERY OF THE GRINDING TOOLS TO SC

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Publication number Publication date
DE2950881A1 (en) 1981-06-25
DE2950881C2 (en) 1983-06-01
EP0034659A1 (en) 1981-09-02
US4370835A (en) 1983-02-01

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