EP0034439B1 - Zahnradgekräuselte Effektgarne und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung - Google Patents

Zahnradgekräuselte Effektgarne und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0034439B1
EP0034439B1 EP81300457A EP81300457A EP0034439B1 EP 0034439 B1 EP0034439 B1 EP 0034439B1 EP 81300457 A EP81300457 A EP 81300457A EP 81300457 A EP81300457 A EP 81300457A EP 0034439 B1 EP0034439 B1 EP 0034439B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarn
gear
crimped
decitex
drawn
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Expired
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EP81300457A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0034439A1 (de
Inventor
William Edward Whale
Frederick William Shaw
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/14—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using grooved rollers or gear-wheel-type members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improved jaspe yarns and to processes for their manufacture.
  • a jaspe yarn has the general appearance of two differently coloured yarns twisted together; however, it is made by texturing together two continuous filament yarns of different dyeability and then dyeing the textured yarn, generally in fabric form.
  • Gear crimping of synthetic yarns is well known in the art.
  • a process for drawing and gear crimping an undrawn synthetic yarn is described in British Patent Specification 984 922.
  • the use of undrawn polyamide and polyester yarns is described.
  • Gear crimping of drawn synthetic yarns is also known.
  • the use of undrawn polyester yarn in a draw-gear crimping process is unsatisfactory because of extremely low bulk and breaking of filaments in the process.
  • the use of drawn polyester yarn in a gear crimping process is unsatisfactory because of unacceptably low bulk. The low bulk achieved is particularly apparent in finished fabric made from the crimped yarn.
  • the crimped polyester yarn may be produced by heating a drawable polyester yarn having a birefringence in the range 32 ⁇ 10- 3 to 125 ⁇ 10 -3 inclusive, preferably 35x10- 3 to 125x 10- 3 inclusive, crimping the yarn by guiding it between the intermeshing teeth of a set of toothed wheels such that the yarn is caused to follow a sharply zig-zag path, the toothed wheels being rotated at a sufficient speed such that the yarn is drawn by the tension so imparted to the yarn by the toothed wheels and subsequently forwarding the crimped yarn from the toothed wheels under a controlled tension within the range 0.15 to 0.50 g per decitex inclusive based on the decitex of the drawn polyester yarn.
  • a drawn gear-crimped yarn with latent bulk characterised in that the yarn is a nodally interlaced gear-crimped composite yarn comprising polyester continuous filaments and polyamide continuous filaments in the weight ratio 90:10 to 10:90 inclusive, the gear-crimped composite yarn having an initial crimp as defined herein of 2% to 12%, preferably 2% to 8%, a mechanical crimp stability as defined herein of above 0% and having 40 to 140 interlaced nodes per metre.
  • the composite gear crimped yarn has been nodally interlaced to an extent such that the yarn has 70 to 100 nodes per metre.
  • a process for producing a drawn gear-crimped yarn with latent bulk characterised in that a drawable polyester continuous filament yarn having a birefringence of at least 30x 10- 3 and a drawable polyamide continuous filament yarn having a birefringence of at least 30x 10- 3 are heated and simultaneously drawn and gear crimped together as a composite yarn by means of toothed draw rolls and the composite yarn is forwarded from the toothed draw rolls under a controlled tension within the range 0.15 to 0.50 g per decitex inclusive based on the decitex of the drawn composite yarn and is subsequently interlaced to have 40 to 140 nodes per metre, the weight ratio of the polyester yarn to the polyamide yarn being in the range 90:10 to 10:90 inclusive.
  • EK initial crimp
  • KB mechanical crimp stability
  • the gear crimped composite yarn with latent bulk is wound at a tension of 1.0 centi-newtons (cN) per tex to form a skein of 1 metre circumference and total decitex of 2500.
  • cN centi-newtons
  • 16 wraps are required for a yarn having a decitex of 76.
  • the skein is hung and preloaded with a load of 0.01 cN per tex.
  • the preloaded skein is heated at 120°C for 10 minutes to develop the bulk and is then cooled.
  • the skein is subjected to a force of 1 cN per tex for 10 seconds and its length (Lo) is measured.
  • the length of the skein is remeasured (L,) supporting the pre-load of 0.01 cN per tex.
  • L the length of the skein is remeasured (L,) supporting the pre-load of 0.01 cN per tex.
  • a force of 0.1 cN per tex is applied for 10 seconds and immediately afterwards a high force of 10 cN per tex is applied for 10 seconds.
  • the length of the skein is measured (L3) under the pre-load of 0.01 cN per tex.
  • Initial crimp and mechanical crimp stability values used herein are the mean of EK and KB measurements respectively on at least 5 skeins of yarn.
  • EK Initial crimp
  • KB Mechanical crimp stability
  • the yarns of the present invention possess a level of bulk which is commercially acceptable and the bulk is sufficiently stable to tension.
  • the advantages of such yarns are particularly apparent in finished fabrics in which the bulk has been developed.
  • the jaspe yarns of the present invention when made into fabrics and dyed such as to colour the polyester and polyamide components differently, exhibit an attractive speckled appearance. In order to achieve this appearance, it is important that the gear-crimped composite yarn has been nodally interlaced such that the yarn has 40 to 140 nodes per metre. Composite yarns having less than 40 nodes per metre produce dyed fabrics in which undesirable streaks of each yarn component are seen.
  • yarn as used herein means a monofilament yarn or a multifilament yarn.
  • the drawable polyester and polyamide feed yarns are made by melt spinning, the spinning conditions being selected such that both yarns have a similar residual draw ratio.
  • decitex of the drawn composite yarn is less than 150 decitex.
  • polyester as used herein means a polyester or a copolyester and the term polyamide means a polyamide or a copolyamide.
  • the polyester and polyamide yarns may contain additives such as antioxidants, stabilisers, antistatic agents, delustrants or colouring materials.
  • the filament or filaments of the polyester yarn or the polyamide yarn may have a filament cross-section which is circular or non-circular for example trilobal.
  • the crimped composite yarn is forwarded from the toothed draw rolls under a preferred tension in the range 0.20 to 0.40 g per decitex based on the decitex of the drawn composite yarn. Fowarding the crimped composite yarn from the toothed draw rolls under a low tension of less than 0.15 g per decitex leads to problems of filamentation and yarn breaking and the yarn tends to lick back around the toothed wheels.
  • the use of a high tension of above 0.50 g per decitex produces a yarn having poor mechanical properties and a bulk which appears to be due predominantly to edge crimping. Such bulk produced from edge crimping does not yield useful bulk in fabrics made from the yarns.
  • the amount of bulk due to true gear crimping, measured by EK, is low and its stability is poor.
  • the drawable polyester and polyamide yarns may be heated by contact with a heated plate or a heated circular pin or by passage through a tube supplied with a heated fluid such as hot air or superheated steam.
  • the drawable yarn is preferably heated by contact with a heater at a temperature of at least 150°C.
  • the toothed draw rolls may comprise two or three gear wheels one of which is driven and drives the other wheel or wheels.
  • the teeth are involute in shape.
  • the gear wheels have an integral step structure as described in British Patent Specification No. 1 255 478. Tension sufficient to draw the yarn is exerted by passage of the yarn over the tips of the intermeshing teeth of the rotating gear wheels.
  • a drawable polyester multifilament yarn 1 having a birefringence of at least 30x10- 3 is withdrawn over one end of cylinder 2 from a package 3 of wound yarn.
  • a drawable polyamide multifilament yarn 4 having a birefringence of at least 30x 10- 1 is withdrawn over one end of cylinder 5 from a package 6 of wound yarn. Withdrawal is effected via pigtail guides 21, 22 by rotation of feed roll 9 and nip roll 7, the combined yarns being passed around nip roll 7 a sufficient number of times to avoid slippage of the yarn.
  • Yarn tensioning roll 13 is a stepped roll and comprises roll 14 and roll 17 which is of smaller diameter than roll 14. Rolls 14 and 17 have associated separator rolls 15 and 16 respectively.
  • the crimped drawn yarn is withdrawn from gear wheels, 11, 12 by tensioning roll 14 under a controlled tension within the range 0.15 to 0.50 g per decitex based on the decitex of the drawn composite yarn.
  • the yarn is passed sufficient times around tensioning roll 14 and separator roll 15 to avoid slippage of the yarn.
  • the tension in the yarn is then reduced by passing the yarn around separator roll 16 and roll 17. Between roll 14 and roll 16 the composite yarn is nodally interlaced by passing it through interlacing jet 18.
  • the yarn On leaving the roll 17, the yarn is wound on a ring spindle package 23 twist being inserted in the yarn below balloon-guide 25 by rotation of the spindle and rotation of a traveller (not shown) around ring 27.
  • the yarn so produced is a drawn composite yarn having latent bulk.
  • the bulk may be developed by subjecting the yarn in yarn or fabric form, to a thermal treatment.
  • a 95 decitex 25 filament drawable poly(ethylene terephthalate) yarn having a birefringence of 63x 0-3 and a 27 decitex 7 filament drawable poly(hexamethylene adipamide) yarn having a birefringence of 46.6 ⁇ 10 -3 were drawn and gear crimped by a process as shown diagrammatically in the accompanying drawing.
  • the polyester filaments had a trilobal filament cross-section and the polyamide filaments had a circular filament cross-section.
  • the weight ratio of the polyester filaments to the polyamide filaments was 78:22.
  • the heated metal pin was of circular cross-section having a diameter of 2.22 cm and a temperature of 170°C.
  • the gear wheels were made of stainless steel and had 38 teeth per inch. The intermeshing of the gear wheels was such that the maximum overlap of teeth on the two gears was 0.356 mm.
  • the speed of the gear wheels was adjusted such that the composite yarn was drawn by the tension imparted to the yarn between the heated pin and the gear wheels.
  • the surface speed of the larger diameter tensioning roll was 840 metres per minute and the ratio of the surface speed of the larger diameter tensioning roll to the surface speed of the feed roll was 1.30.
  • the yarn tension between the gear wheels and the larger diameter tensioning roll was controlled at 31 g, that is at 0.32 g per decitex based on the decitex of the drawn composite yarn.
  • the diameters of the two rolls of the stepped tensioning roll were such that the yarn was overfed from the larger diameter roll to the smaller diameter roll at an overfeed of 3.1%.
  • the overfed yarn was nodally interlaced by passing it through an interlacing jet to which air was supplied at an air pressure of 60 pounds per square inch.
  • the interlacing jet had a yarn passageway in the form of a truncated cone and two directly opposed air passageways for directing air into the yarn passageway at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the yarn.
  • the truncated cone form of the yarn passageway caused the major portion of the exhaust air to pass out of the yarn passageway in the same direction as the yarn.
  • the composite yarn so produced had a decitex of 96 and possessed latent bulk.
  • the yarn had 86 interlaced nodes per metre (mean of 3 visual count measurements on 1 metre lengths of the yarn).
  • the yarn had an initial crimp, measured as hereinbefore described, of 3.4%, a mechanical crimp stability of 27.0%, a breaking load of 347 centi-newtons and an extension to break of 30.9%.
  • the latent bulk yarn was knitted into fabric which was then dyed at 130°C to colour the polyester and polyamide components differently. Bulk was fully developed in the knitted yarn during the dyeing process. The fabric showed good bulk and an attractive jaspe or speckled appearance.
  • Example 1 was repeated except that the poly(hexamethylene adipamide) feed yarn was a 42 decitex 10 filament yarn having a birefringence of 45.5 ⁇ 10 -3 .
  • the weight ratio of the polyester filaments to the polyamide filaments was therefore 69:31.
  • Similar process conditions as in Example 1 were used except that the yarn tension between the gear wheels and the larger diameter tensioning roll was controlled at 37.5 g, that is at 0.35 g per decitex based on the decitex of the drawn composite yarn.
  • the composite yarn so produced had a decitex of 107 and possessed latent bulk.
  • the yarn had 85 interlaced nodes per metre (mean of 3 visual count measurements on 1 metre lengths of the yarn).
  • the yarn had an initial crimp of 3.4%, a mechanical crimp stability of 32.8%, a breaking load of 370 centi-newtons and an extension to break of 27.5%.
  • the latent bulk yarn was knitted into fabric which was then dyed as in Example 1. Bulk was fully developed in the knitted yarn during the dyeing process. The fabric showed good bulk and an attractive jaspe or speckled appearance.
  • Example 1 was repeated except that the poly(hexamethylene adipamide) feed yarn was a 56 decitex 13 filament yarn having a birefringence of 45.0x 1 0-3. The weight ratio of the polyester filaments to the polyamide filaments was therefore 63:37. Similar process conditions as in Example 1 were used except that the yarn tension between the gear wheels and the larger diameter tensioning roll was controlled at 40 g, that is, at 0.34 g per decitex based on the decitex of the drawn composite yarn.
  • the composite yarn so produced had a decitex of 118 and possessed latent bulk.
  • the yarn had 85 interlaced nodes per metre (mean of 3 visual count measurements on 1 metre lengths of the yarn).
  • the yarn had an initial crimp of 3.7%, a mechanical crimp stability of 48.6%, a breaking load of 433 centi-newtons and an extension to break of 30.1 %.
  • the latent bulk yarn was knitted into fabric which was then dyed as in Example 1. Bulk was fully developed in the knitted yarn during the dyeing process. The fabric showed good bulk and an attractive jaspe or speckled appearance.
  • Example 1 was repeated except that the poly(hexamethylene adipamide) feed yarn was a 96 decitex 20 filament yarn having a birefringence of 46.Ox10- 3 .
  • the weight ratio of the polyester filaments to the polyamide filaments was therefore 50:50.
  • Similar process conditions as in Example 1 were used except that the yarn tension between the gear wheels and the larger diameter tensioning roll was controlled at 68 g, that is, at 0.46 g per decitex based on the decitex of the drawn composite yarn.
  • the composite yarn so produced had a decitex of 148 and possessed latent bulk.
  • the yarn had 90 interlaced nodes per metre (mean of 3 visual count measurements on 1 metre lengths of the yarn).
  • the yarn had an initial crimp of 4.1 %, a mechanical crimp stability of 44.9%, a breaking load of 523 centi-newtons and an extension to break of 27.6%.
  • the latent bulk yarn was knitted into fabric which was then dyed as in Example 1. Bulk was fully developed in the knitted yarn during the dyeing process. The fabric showed good bulk and an attractive jaspe or speckled appearance.
  • the composite yarn so produced had only 31 nodes per metre. Dyed fabric made from the yarn showed undesirable streaks of each yarn component. Attempts to increase the extent of nodal interlacing by increasing the overfeed of the yarn to the interlacing jet led to difficulties in controlling the threadline at interlacing and still produced a dyed fabric with streaks of each yarn component.
  • the composite yarn so produced had a decitex of 217 and had only 22 nodes per metre. Dyed fabric made from the yarn showed undesirable streaks of each yarn component.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Verstrecktes, zahnradgekräuseltes Garn mit latenter Bauschung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Garn ein knotenartig verflochtenes, zahnradgekräuseltes Kompositgarn ist, welches endlose Polyesterfilamente und endlose Polyamidfilamente im Gewichtsverhältnis von 90:10 bis 10:90 enthält, wobei das zahnradgekräuselte Kompositgarn eine Anfangskräuselung, wie definiert, von 2 bis 12%, eine mechanische Kräuselungsstabilität, wie definiert, über 0% und 40 bis 140 verflochtene Knoten/m aufweist.
2. Zahnradgekräuseltes Garn nach Anspruch 1, welches eine Anfangskräuselung von 2 bis 8% aufweist.
3. Zahnradgekräuseltes Garn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, bei welchem das zahnradgekräuselte Kompositgarn 70 bis 100 Knoten/m aufweist.
4. Zahnradgekräuseltes Garn nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem mindestens einige der Filamente des Garns einen nichtkreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen.
5. Zahnradgekräuseltes Garn nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem der Polyester aus Poly(äthylenterephthalat) besteht.
6. Zahnradgekräuseltes Garn nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem das Polyamid aus Poly(hexamethylenadipamid) besteht.
7. Zahnradgekräuseltes Garn nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welche das verstreckte Kompositgarn einen Decitex-Wert von weniger als 150 besitzt.
8. Zahnradgekräuseltes Garn nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welchem die Bauschung entwickelt worden ist.
9. Textilstoff, welcher ein zahnradgekräuseltes Garn nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche enthält.
10. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines verstreckten, zahnradgekräuselten Garns mit latenter Bauschung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein verstreckbares Polyestergarn aus Endlosfilamenten mit einer Doppelbrechung von mindestens 30×10-3 und ein verstreckbares Polyamidgarn mit Endlosfilamenten mit einer Doppelbrechung von mindestens 30x10-3 erhitzt und als Kompositgarn mit Hilfe von Zähnen aufweisenden Verstreckrollen gleichzeitig verstreckt und zahnradgekräuselt werden und daß das Kompositgarn von den Zähne aufweisenden Verstreckrollen unter einer überwachten Spannung innerhalb eines Bereichs von 0,15 bis 0,50 g/Decitex, bezogen auf den Decitex-Wert des verstreckten Kompositgarns, abgeführt und anschliessend so verflochten wird, daß es 40 bis 140 Knoten/m erhält, wobei das Gewichtsverhältnis des Polyestergarns zum Polyamidgarn im Bereich von 90:10 bis 10:90 liegt.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, bei welchem das gekräuselte Kompositgarn von den Zähne aufweisenden Verstreckrollen mit einer Spannung im Bereich von 0,20 bis 0,40 g/Decitex, bezogen auf den Decitex-Wert des verstreckten Kompositgarns, abgeführt wird.
EP81300457A 1980-02-18 1981-02-03 Zahnradgekräuselte Effektgarne und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung Expired EP0034439B1 (de)

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GB8005388 1980-02-18
GB8005388 1980-02-18

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EP0034439A1 EP0034439A1 (de) 1981-08-26
EP0034439B1 true EP0034439B1 (de) 1984-07-18

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EP (1) EP0034439B1 (de)
AU (1) AU532968B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1157637A (de)
DE (1) DE3164798D1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA81884B (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020179238A1 (ja) * 2019-03-01 2020-09-10 株式会社カネカ 捲縮を有するポリエステル系繊維、その製造方法、それを含むパイル布帛、及びパイル布帛の製造方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB984922A (en) * 1963-02-02 1965-03-03 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Improvements in or relating to drawing and crimping synthetic polymer filaments
GB1172361A (en) * 1966-03-22 1969-11-26 Ici Ltd Improvements in or relating to the Crimping of Continuous Filaments
US3605393A (en) * 1967-01-03 1971-09-20 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus and method for making bulky yarn
US4058968A (en) * 1976-09-03 1977-11-22 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Bulked yarn and method of forming a bulked yarn

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE6948T1 (de) * 1978-10-27 1984-04-15 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Unter verwendung von zahnraedern gekraeuseltes polyestergarn.

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB984922A (en) * 1963-02-02 1965-03-03 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Improvements in or relating to drawing and crimping synthetic polymer filaments
GB1172361A (en) * 1966-03-22 1969-11-26 Ici Ltd Improvements in or relating to the Crimping of Continuous Filaments
US3605393A (en) * 1967-01-03 1971-09-20 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus and method for making bulky yarn
US4058968A (en) * 1976-09-03 1977-11-22 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Bulked yarn and method of forming a bulked yarn

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EP0034439A1 (de) 1981-08-26
DE3164798D1 (en) 1984-08-23
CA1157637A (en) 1983-11-29
ZA81884B (en) 1982-02-24
AU532968B2 (en) 1983-10-20
AU6719281A (en) 1981-08-27

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