Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
  • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
  • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
  • H01B3/308—Wires with resins
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
  • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
  • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
  • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
  • H01B13/141—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion of two or more insulating layers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for producing winding wires with two insulating layers made of different materials, so-called two-layer enamelled wires.
• Enamel-insulated winding wires are precisely characterized in the German standard DIN 46435 from April 1977, as shown in the table. They are used on a large scale in electrical engineering, transformer construction and electronics.
• the conductor metal preferably copper or aluminum, is insulated with a thin, but mechanically and thermally extremely resistant synthetic resin lacquer layer.
• Such enamelled wires are produced on wire enamelling machines by repeatedly applying an enamelled wire enamel to the metal wire.
• wire enamel resin melts or dispersions and aqueous solutions of wire enamel resins are also used for wire enamelling.
• thermoplastics for thick-walled sheathing of electrical conductor bundles and for the production of conductor wires has long been known from the cable industry.
• - DE-B-2 638 763 describes a process for the production of enamel-insulated winding wires by extrusion of partially crystalline thermoplastic polycondensates with crystallite melting points above 170 ° C., preferably above 250 ° C.
• a lacquer made of a further, preferably linear polymer - such as, for example, B. polyamide, polyvinyl acetate, polyester, polyamideimide - applied to the ladder by the same method.
• a disadvantage of the process is the often low solubility of the linear polycondensates which are preferably used, so that these coatings have very low solids contents and require aggressive solvents which can adversely affect the basic insulation of the conductor during coating.
• US-A-2 360 097 describes an extrusion process in which polyamide is extruded onto a wire in the form of a tube. Since the wire has a higher speed than the emerging plastic, the polyamide coating on the wire is stretched and shrunk. A second layer of polyamide can be applied to the wire coated in this way.
• a method for the production of winding wires with two insulating layers made of different materials which is characterized in that on one by means of known wire enamels or wire enamel resins or on one by extrusion coating with partially crystalline NEN or amorphous thermoplastic polycondensates insulated electrical conductors, a second layer is applied by extrusion of a thermoplastic material such that the total layer thickness of both insulating layers meets the requirements of the German standard DIN 46435 (April 1977).
• wire enamels or wire enamels are suitable for the basic insulation of the electrical conductor, which are used for the production of thermally stable winding wires of types M, W 155 and W 180 according to the German standard DIN 46416, parts 1, 4 and 5.
• wire enamels or wire enamel resins based on terephthalic acid polyester, polyesterimide, polyamideimide and polyimide.
• the wire enamels can be dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents or in water, or can be applied from the melt.
• the partially crystalline thermoplastic polycondensates described in DE-B-2 638 763 such as, for. B. linear polyesters and polyamides and amorphous polyether sulfones or partially crystalline polyether ketones are suitable. These polycondensates can optionally be used in a mixture with dyes, pigments, fillers and other auxiliaries.
• thermoplastic plastics are used for the second layer, the softening points of which are lower than that of the polycondensates of the first layer.
• extrudable thermoplastic materials are suitable for the second insulation layer to be applied by extrusion in accordance with the invention, with the application of an adhesion promoter to the base layer or also interim heating of the insulated wire, if appropriate, to improve the adhesion between the two insulation layers.
• an adhesion promoter to the base layer or also interim heating of the insulated wire, if appropriate, to improve the adhesion between the two insulation layers.
• it is limited to those polymers that can be caked either by heating or by volatile solvents or that improve the mechanical properties of the already insulated enamelled wire - such as surface hardness, abrasion or elasticity.
• Semi-crystalline or amorphous polyamides are particularly preferred. As partially crystalline polyamides such. B.
• amorphous polyamides such.
• Such polyamides are advantageous for the second layer, which already flow at moderately elevated temperatures and which firmly bake the windings or coils used, for example, in electrical engineering and consumer electronics, which makes the use of the usual impregnating lacquers or impregnating resins superfluous.
• Polyvinyl acetates can also be used for the second layer.
• polyvinyl butyrates are particularly preferred because of their swellability in volatile solvents, e.g. B. alcohols, which, as an alternative to the aforementioned thermal caking, allows the coils to solidify by the action of solvents.
• Polyvinyl butyrates with degrees of butyralization of 70-80% and average molecular weights of 30,000-200,000 are particularly suitable for this area of application.
• a decisive advantage of the process is that it is also possible to use polymers which are difficult or not at all soluble in conventional solvents.
• Examples 1 and 2 soft-annealed round copper wire of 0.6 mm in diameter was used, which first passed through a preheating section and, after passing through the coating zone in the extruder head, through a stripping nozzle which regulates the layer thickness. After passing through a cooling section, the coated wire was wound up. The second layer was then applied.
• the permissible minimum layer thickness for grade 1 (L) according to DIN 46435 is 0.026 fJ.m
• the permissible maximum layer thickness for grade 2 (2 L) is 0.074 fJ.m.
• the specified extruder temperatures relate to the distance from the inlet to the nozzle.
• the last three temperature specifications apply to the nozzle system.
• the adhesion was excellent when using ethanol or methanol.
• a lubricant-free copper wire with a nominal diameter of 0.04 mm insulated with a polyesterimide-based wire enamel was used.
• the total diameter of the insulated wire was 0.430 mm.
• the diameter increase due to the basic insulation was therefore 30 ⁇ m.
• the permissible minimum layer thickness for grade 1 (L) according to DIN 46435 is 0.024 ⁇ m
• the permissible maximum layer thickness for grade 2 (2 L) is 0.062 ⁇ m.
• Coating material for the second layer Transparent amorphous polyamide made from dimethyl terephthalate and trimethyl hexamethylene diamine (mixture of isomers from 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethyl hexamethylene diamine).

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
• Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
• Insulated Conductors (AREA)
• Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
• Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (2)

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ID=25604278

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (7)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1980
  • 1980-11-22 DE DE19803044059 patent/DE3044059A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1980-12-11 EP EP80107816A patent/EP0030717B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1980-12-11 DE DE8080107816T patent/DE3068265D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1980-12-15 PT PT72197A patent/PT72197B/pt unknown
  • 1980-12-16 ES ES497812A patent/ES497812A0/es active Granted
  • 1980-12-16 BR BR8008215A patent/BR8008215A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1980-12-17 CA CA000367038A patent/CA1161616A/en not_active Expired
  • 1980-12-17 FI FI803942A patent/FI803942L/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1980-12-18 AU AU65497/80A patent/AU536356B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1980-12-18 IN IN906/DEL/80A patent/IN155208B/en unknown
  • 1980-12-18 TR TR21263A patent/TR21263A/xx unknown

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