CA1161616A - Method for producing doubly insulated winding wire - Google Patents
Method for producing doubly insulated winding wireInfo
- Publication number
- CA1161616A CA1161616A CA000367038A CA367038A CA1161616A CA 1161616 A CA1161616 A CA 1161616A CA 000367038 A CA000367038 A CA 000367038A CA 367038 A CA367038 A CA 367038A CA 1161616 A CA1161616 A CA 1161616A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- wire
- thermoplastic material
- polycondensate
- din
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/308—Wires with resins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
- H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
- H01B13/141—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion of two or more insulating layers
Abstract
Abstract A method is disclosed of producing winding wire having two insulating layers of different material. The conductor wire is first insulated with a known wire-enamel or wire-coating resin, or extrusion coated with partly or wholly crystalline amorphous thermoplastic condensate. A second layer of thermo-plastic material is then applied by extrusion such that the total thickness of the two layers meets German Industrial Standard (DIN) 46 453.
Description
The present invention relates to a novel method of producing winding wire havillg two insulating layers made of different materials, i.e. so-called double-layer enamel-insulated wire.
Enamel-insulated winding wires are defined precisely in German Standard DIN 46 435 of April 1977 and are widely used in electrical machines, trans-formers and electronics.
The metal of the conductor, preferably copper or aluminum, is insulated with a layer of synthetic resin lacquer which is thin but extremely resistant to mechanical and thermal stress. Enamelled wires of this kind are made on wire-enamelling machines by continuous and repeated application of a wire enamel to the metal wire.
In addition to wire-enamels containing solvents, use is made of wire-coating resin melts or dispersions and aqueous solutions of wire-coating resins.
Mowever, because of the relatively low take-off speeds o~tainable, all of these known methods are highly time-consuming and labour-intensive.
The extrusion of thermoplastic material$ for thick coatings on bundles of eleetrical conductors, and for the production of conductor wire, has long been known in the cable indu$try.
United States Patent 4,1~5,474 describes a met~od of producing enamel-insulated winding wires by extruding partly crystalline thermoplastic poly-condensates with crystallite melting points of above 170C, preferably above 250C.
This earlier invention was a major factor in overcoming the conviction that it was impossible to produce by extrusion the thin insulating layers required according to DIN 46 435.
The method according to United States Patent 4,145,474, and all subse-quent applications, has the great advantage of requiring no after-treatment such as stretching or reaction-hardaning, and this saves a considerable amount of time and energy.
Now for special applications in electrical engineering, for example in building electrical machines and in entertainment electronics, there is a need to apply to existing insulation another layer of a different polymer, in order to meet increased requirements covering the processing safety of such winding wires, or to achieve special effects, among them increasing surface hardness and abras-ion resistance, or for causing insulated wires -to adhere together, after winding, by treating them with heat or solvents.
Thls is generally achieved by using, for the basic insulation, a harden-able heat-resistant resin, for example -tereph-thalic-acid polyester or polyes-ter-imide-resin, which in conventional inskallations is applied repeatedly to the wire and is then baked.
Suosequently, or even in the same operation, a second layer in the form of a lacquer made of another, preferably linear, polymer, for example polyamide, polyvinyl-acetal, polyester or polyamide--imide, is applied to the conductor by the same method.
The disadvantage of this method is the often poor solubility of the preferably linear polycondensates, as a result of which these lacquers have a very low solids content and require aggressive solvents which may be detrimental to the basic insulation of the conductor.
A novel and advantageous method has now been found for producing double layer lacquer-insulated wires. Accordingly, the invention provides in a method of manufacturing insulated electric wire of the enamelled wire type in which a solvent-free thermoplastic material containing at least one partially crystalline thermoplastic polycondensate having crystallites with a melting point above 170C
is introduced into an extruder and extruded at or ahove the crystalline melting point of the thermoplastic polycondensate onto and around a metal wire so as to form on said wire a thin layer, the improvement comprising extruding a second layer onto and around the first layer using said solvent-free thermoplastic ma-ter-ial containing at least one partially crystalline thermoplastic polycondensate with a melting point at a temperature lower than those of the polycondensates of said first layer.
Suitable for the basic insulation of the electrical conductor are all usual, known wire-enamels or wire-coating resins used in producing heat-stable winding wires of types M, W 155 and W l~0 according to German Standard DIN 46 416, parts l, 4 and 5. More particularly, these are wire-enamels and wire-coating res-ins based upon terephthalic-acid-polyes-ter, polyester-imide, polyamide-imide and polyamide. The said wire-coating resins may be dissolved in organic solvents or in water, or they may be dispersed. However, they may also be applied from the melt.
Suitable for basic insulation of the electrical conductor by extrusion-coating are the partly crystalline thermoplastic polycondensates according to United States Patent 4,145,474, e.g. linear polyesters and polyamides, and the amorphous polyether-sulphones and partly crystalline polyether-ketones of subse quent applications. These polycondensates may be used if, necessary, in admix-ture with dyestuEfs, pigments, fillers and other additives.
In this case, a specially preferred embodiment of the method residesin using, for the second layer, thermoplastic synthetic materials having soften-ing points lower than those of the polycondensates in the first layer.
As regards the second insulating layer to be applied, according to the invention, by extrusion, all extrudable thermoplastic synthe-tic materials are suitable for this purpose in principle and, in order to improve the adhesion between the two layers, either an adhesive may be applied to the basic layer, or the insulated wire may be heated intermediately. In practice, however, the onlypolymers to be used are those which aan be baked-on by heating or applied with solvents that are easily volatili~ed, or those which improve the mechanical prop-erties, such as surface hardness, resistance to abrasion, or resiliency, of - 3a -the al.ready insulated, heat-resistant enamelled wi.re. Special preference is given to partly crystalline or amorphous polyamides.
Suitable partly crystalline polyamides are, among others, 6,6-poly-amides and 6J10-polyamides produced by polycondensation frorn aliphatic di-carboxylic-acids and aliphatic diamines, also 6-polyamides, ll-polyamides, 12-polyamides, among others, made from lactams or ~amino-carboxylic-acids.
Suitable amorphous polyamides are, for example, a transparent poly-amide made from terephthalic-acid or dimethyl-terephthalate and trimethylhexa-methylenediamine ~a mixture of 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-isomers); also a three-componentpolyamide based UpOII caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine/adipic-acid and p,p'-~_ diaminodicyclohexylmethane/adipic-acid; and other glass-clear mixed polyamides t r c~ r~ s ~
based upon a plurality o:E components havlng glass~temperatures of between 100 and 200C.
As may be gathered from a few e.xamples, certain polyamides second layers ha.ve, above all, ~he advantage of flowing at moderately high temperatures and of firmly baking any windings or coils used in electrical machines and entertainment electronics, thus rendering unnecessar-y the use of the otherwise usual immersion varnishes or resins.
Polyvinyl-acetals, or example~ may also be used to form the second ZO layer. Special preference is given, within this group, to polyvinyl-butyrals because of their solubility in easily volatilized sol~ents, e.g~ alcohols, which, as an alternative to the above-mentioned haking by heat~ allow coils to be solidified by solvent action.
Particularly suitable in this field are polyvinyl-butyrals having degrees of butyralization of from 70 to 80% and average molecular weights of from 309000 to 200,0QO.
One decisiYe adyantage of the method is that it also makes possible ~ 4 -the use of polymers which are insoluble, or hardly soluble, in conventional sol-vents. A preerred apparatus Eor -the execution of the method is described in United States Patent 4,165,957.
rn producing the ~asic and second layers by extrusion, it is possible to use one and the same extruder to apply the second layer to a wire carrying basic insulation of the type described above, or to use two extruders in tandem to apply the two layers in a single operation.
The following Examples indicate the processing conditions for indivi-dual polymer systems and some of the properties of winding wires produced with the apparatus described in the above-mentioned Swiss patent app:Lication. In Examples 1 to 4, use was made of soft-annealed circular copper wire 0.6 mm in diameter, passing from an unwinding unit to a preheat-section, through the coat-ing zone in the ex-truder head, and then through a scraper nozzle controlling the thickness of the layer. After passing through a cooling section, the coated wire was reeled. The second layer was then applied.
The extruder-temperatures given relate to the section between the in-let and the nozzle. The final three values apply to the nozzle system.
Example 1 Coating material:
1st layer: polyethylene terephthalate pigmented with 8~ of -titanium dioxide;
2nd layer: 12~polyamide (lauric-lactam polymer, melting point about 180C).
Processing conditions;
Extrusion temperature:
1st layer: 240/250/260/270/270/280C
2nd layer: 165/180/180/190/200/220C
~P~
~..
Take-off velocity:
1st layer: 200 m/min.
2nd layer: "
Layer thi,ckness ~increase in diameter) 1st layer: 34 ~m 2nd layer: 3Q "
Properties of winding ~ire~:
hardness: B
softening temperature: 245~C
The great resiliency and good ad~esion of the coating is demonstratcd by the fact that after the ~ire w,as stretched to the brea~ing point ~23%), a loop of wire ~ound around its own diameter ~0~6 mm~ was still crack-free.
Tinning abil~ty: at 375QC ~n 6Q/4Q tin-~ase solder; 3.5 s at 42QC " " " " " : 2.0 s Breakdown voltage (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 13.2.2.): 5.0 lcV
Baking temperature ~DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.1): 200C
Resoftening temperature ~DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2): 130C.
Example 2 Coating material:
1st layer: polyether-sulphone of the formula L (~ So2 -~3 - ca . Iaa 2nd layer: 12-polyamide ~as in Example 1~.
Processing conditions:
Extrusion temperature:
1st layer: 315/34Q/35Q/34Q/35Q/37QQC
2nd layer: 165/180,/18Q/l~Q~2QQ/220C
Take-o~f velocity:
1st layer: 2Q0 m/min 2nd layer: " "
Layer thickness (increase in diameter):
1st layer: 42 ~m 2nd layer: 38 "
i.e. a total increase in diameter o 8~ ~m.
Properties of winding wires:
llardness: B
Softening temperature: 255C
Wireloop around its own diameter (a.G ~m~
as in Example 1 still crack-free Breakdown ~oltage (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 1~.2.2); 8~0 k~
Baking temperature ~DIN 46 453, Sec. 18~2.1~: 20ac Resoftening temperature (DIN 46 453~ Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2): 125C
Example 3 Coating material:
1st layer: polyether-ketone of the ormula ~ o -.~ a ~ co -~
2nd layer: 12-pol~amide (laur~c-lacta~ polym,er, Dlelting point about 180C).
Processing conditions:
Extrusion temperatures:
1st layer: 39Q/410/420/420/420/44QC
2nd layer: 165/180/18a/15a~2Qa~220QC
Take-off velocity:
1st layer: 200 m/min.
2nd layer: 2QQ m/min.
Layer thickness: (increase in diameter2 1st layer: 42 ~m 2nd layer: 36 "
i.e. a total increase in diameter of 78 Properties of winding ~ires:
Hardness: B
Softening temperature: 38QC
~ 7 -Wlre loop around its own diameter ~0.6 mm~
as in Example l still crack-free Breakdo~m ~oltage (DIN 46 453, Part l, Sec. 13.2.2): 5.5 k~
Baking temperature (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.1): 2Q0C
Resoftening temperature (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2): 125C
Example 4 Coating material:
1st layer: polyethy~leneterephthala-te pigmented wi~th 8% of titanium dioxide.
2nd layer: polyvinylbutyral, average molecular weight about 100,000.
Processing conditions:
Extrusion temperatures:
1st layer: 240/250/260/270/270/280C
2nd layer: 120/160/18Q/170/170/190C
Take-off velocity;
1st layer: 200 m/min 2nd layer: lQ0 m/min Layer thickness (increase in diameter~
1st layer: 44 ~m 2nd layer: 22 "
i.e. a total increase in diameter of 66 ~m Properties of winding ~ires:
Hardness H
Wire loop around its own diameter after prestretching of the wire -~ crack-free;
Baking test:
Two ends of wire, not in contact ~ith each other, ~Ycre immersed for 5 seconds in solvent and then pressed together. ~dhes~on ~as assessed after pulling apart. When ethanol or methanol were used, adhesion was excellent.
Example 5 Use was made of a lu~ricant-free copper ~ire, insulated ~y conven-tional methods with a polyester-imide-based wire enamel of the W 155/W180 ~ype, having a nominal diameter of Q.95 mm. The oyerall d-iameter of the insulated wire was 1005 mm. The layer thickness ~increase in diameter~ of the first layer _. ~ _.
of insulation was thus 55 ym.
The properties of this wire were as follows:
Pencil hardness 4 H
Wire loop around its o~n diameter (0.95 mm) after 25% prestretching of the wire: several cracks after 20% prestretching of the ~ire; crack-free Peel test: 170 revolutions Softening temperature CDIN 46 453): 340C
Thermal shock (D~N 46 453): 200C
Coating material or the 2nd la~er:
Amorphous low-viscosity polyamide Density (dry) 1.14 Melting temperature (DIN 53736) 196C
Processing conditions:
Extrusion temperature: 210/240/265/280/275/270/280/300C
Take-offvelocity: 5Q m/min Nozzle diameter: 1.09 mm Layer thickness (increase in diameter - 2nd layer) 64 ~m Properties of winding wires:
Pencil hardness, upper la~er: HB
lower layer: 4 H
Wire loop around its own diameter (0.95 mm) after 25% prestretching of the wire: crack-free Peel test: 250 revolutions Softening temperature (DIN 46 453) 340C
Thermal shock (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2) 136C
le 6 Use was made of a lubricant-free copper wire, insulated by conven-tional methods with a pol~ester-imide-based wire enamel and having a rated diameter of 0.40 mm. The overall diameter of the insulated wire was 0.430 mm.
The increase in diameter produced by the basic insulation was thus 30 ~m. The properties of this wire were as follo~s:
_ g _ Surface hardness ~pencil hardness) 4 H - 5 H
Wire loop around its own diameter after 25% prestretching: crack-free Softening temperature (DIN 46 453~ 285C
Thermal shock (DIN 46 453): 250C
Coating material for the second layer:
Extrusion temperature: 310/300/290/280/280/300C
Take-off velocity: 200`m/min Nozzle diameter: 0.445 mm Increase in diameter of 2nd layer: 16 ~m Increase in diameter of total insulation: 46 "
Properties of winding wire:
Surface hardness (pencil hardness) 3 H
Wire loop around its own diameter after 25% prestretching: crack-~ree SoEtening temperature (DIN 46 453); 280C
Thermal shock ~DIN 46 453~ 250C
Baking temperature ~DTN 46 453, Part l, Sec. 18.2.1~: 17ac Resoftening temperature (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2): 136C
r` 10 '''
Enamel-insulated winding wires are defined precisely in German Standard DIN 46 435 of April 1977 and are widely used in electrical machines, trans-formers and electronics.
The metal of the conductor, preferably copper or aluminum, is insulated with a layer of synthetic resin lacquer which is thin but extremely resistant to mechanical and thermal stress. Enamelled wires of this kind are made on wire-enamelling machines by continuous and repeated application of a wire enamel to the metal wire.
In addition to wire-enamels containing solvents, use is made of wire-coating resin melts or dispersions and aqueous solutions of wire-coating resins.
Mowever, because of the relatively low take-off speeds o~tainable, all of these known methods are highly time-consuming and labour-intensive.
The extrusion of thermoplastic material$ for thick coatings on bundles of eleetrical conductors, and for the production of conductor wire, has long been known in the cable indu$try.
United States Patent 4,1~5,474 describes a met~od of producing enamel-insulated winding wires by extruding partly crystalline thermoplastic poly-condensates with crystallite melting points of above 170C, preferably above 250C.
This earlier invention was a major factor in overcoming the conviction that it was impossible to produce by extrusion the thin insulating layers required according to DIN 46 435.
The method according to United States Patent 4,145,474, and all subse-quent applications, has the great advantage of requiring no after-treatment such as stretching or reaction-hardaning, and this saves a considerable amount of time and energy.
Now for special applications in electrical engineering, for example in building electrical machines and in entertainment electronics, there is a need to apply to existing insulation another layer of a different polymer, in order to meet increased requirements covering the processing safety of such winding wires, or to achieve special effects, among them increasing surface hardness and abras-ion resistance, or for causing insulated wires -to adhere together, after winding, by treating them with heat or solvents.
Thls is generally achieved by using, for the basic insulation, a harden-able heat-resistant resin, for example -tereph-thalic-acid polyester or polyes-ter-imide-resin, which in conventional inskallations is applied repeatedly to the wire and is then baked.
Suosequently, or even in the same operation, a second layer in the form of a lacquer made of another, preferably linear, polymer, for example polyamide, polyvinyl-acetal, polyester or polyamide--imide, is applied to the conductor by the same method.
The disadvantage of this method is the often poor solubility of the preferably linear polycondensates, as a result of which these lacquers have a very low solids content and require aggressive solvents which may be detrimental to the basic insulation of the conductor.
A novel and advantageous method has now been found for producing double layer lacquer-insulated wires. Accordingly, the invention provides in a method of manufacturing insulated electric wire of the enamelled wire type in which a solvent-free thermoplastic material containing at least one partially crystalline thermoplastic polycondensate having crystallites with a melting point above 170C
is introduced into an extruder and extruded at or ahove the crystalline melting point of the thermoplastic polycondensate onto and around a metal wire so as to form on said wire a thin layer, the improvement comprising extruding a second layer onto and around the first layer using said solvent-free thermoplastic ma-ter-ial containing at least one partially crystalline thermoplastic polycondensate with a melting point at a temperature lower than those of the polycondensates of said first layer.
Suitable for the basic insulation of the electrical conductor are all usual, known wire-enamels or wire-coating resins used in producing heat-stable winding wires of types M, W 155 and W l~0 according to German Standard DIN 46 416, parts l, 4 and 5. More particularly, these are wire-enamels and wire-coating res-ins based upon terephthalic-acid-polyes-ter, polyester-imide, polyamide-imide and polyamide. The said wire-coating resins may be dissolved in organic solvents or in water, or they may be dispersed. However, they may also be applied from the melt.
Suitable for basic insulation of the electrical conductor by extrusion-coating are the partly crystalline thermoplastic polycondensates according to United States Patent 4,145,474, e.g. linear polyesters and polyamides, and the amorphous polyether-sulphones and partly crystalline polyether-ketones of subse quent applications. These polycondensates may be used if, necessary, in admix-ture with dyestuEfs, pigments, fillers and other additives.
In this case, a specially preferred embodiment of the method residesin using, for the second layer, thermoplastic synthetic materials having soften-ing points lower than those of the polycondensates in the first layer.
As regards the second insulating layer to be applied, according to the invention, by extrusion, all extrudable thermoplastic synthe-tic materials are suitable for this purpose in principle and, in order to improve the adhesion between the two layers, either an adhesive may be applied to the basic layer, or the insulated wire may be heated intermediately. In practice, however, the onlypolymers to be used are those which aan be baked-on by heating or applied with solvents that are easily volatili~ed, or those which improve the mechanical prop-erties, such as surface hardness, resistance to abrasion, or resiliency, of - 3a -the al.ready insulated, heat-resistant enamelled wi.re. Special preference is given to partly crystalline or amorphous polyamides.
Suitable partly crystalline polyamides are, among others, 6,6-poly-amides and 6J10-polyamides produced by polycondensation frorn aliphatic di-carboxylic-acids and aliphatic diamines, also 6-polyamides, ll-polyamides, 12-polyamides, among others, made from lactams or ~amino-carboxylic-acids.
Suitable amorphous polyamides are, for example, a transparent poly-amide made from terephthalic-acid or dimethyl-terephthalate and trimethylhexa-methylenediamine ~a mixture of 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-isomers); also a three-componentpolyamide based UpOII caprolactam, hexamethylenediamine/adipic-acid and p,p'-~_ diaminodicyclohexylmethane/adipic-acid; and other glass-clear mixed polyamides t r c~ r~ s ~
based upon a plurality o:E components havlng glass~temperatures of between 100 and 200C.
As may be gathered from a few e.xamples, certain polyamides second layers ha.ve, above all, ~he advantage of flowing at moderately high temperatures and of firmly baking any windings or coils used in electrical machines and entertainment electronics, thus rendering unnecessar-y the use of the otherwise usual immersion varnishes or resins.
Polyvinyl-acetals, or example~ may also be used to form the second ZO layer. Special preference is given, within this group, to polyvinyl-butyrals because of their solubility in easily volatilized sol~ents, e.g~ alcohols, which, as an alternative to the above-mentioned haking by heat~ allow coils to be solidified by solvent action.
Particularly suitable in this field are polyvinyl-butyrals having degrees of butyralization of from 70 to 80% and average molecular weights of from 309000 to 200,0QO.
One decisiYe adyantage of the method is that it also makes possible ~ 4 -the use of polymers which are insoluble, or hardly soluble, in conventional sol-vents. A preerred apparatus Eor -the execution of the method is described in United States Patent 4,165,957.
rn producing the ~asic and second layers by extrusion, it is possible to use one and the same extruder to apply the second layer to a wire carrying basic insulation of the type described above, or to use two extruders in tandem to apply the two layers in a single operation.
The following Examples indicate the processing conditions for indivi-dual polymer systems and some of the properties of winding wires produced with the apparatus described in the above-mentioned Swiss patent app:Lication. In Examples 1 to 4, use was made of soft-annealed circular copper wire 0.6 mm in diameter, passing from an unwinding unit to a preheat-section, through the coat-ing zone in the ex-truder head, and then through a scraper nozzle controlling the thickness of the layer. After passing through a cooling section, the coated wire was reeled. The second layer was then applied.
The extruder-temperatures given relate to the section between the in-let and the nozzle. The final three values apply to the nozzle system.
Example 1 Coating material:
1st layer: polyethylene terephthalate pigmented with 8~ of -titanium dioxide;
2nd layer: 12~polyamide (lauric-lactam polymer, melting point about 180C).
Processing conditions;
Extrusion temperature:
1st layer: 240/250/260/270/270/280C
2nd layer: 165/180/180/190/200/220C
~P~
~..
Take-off velocity:
1st layer: 200 m/min.
2nd layer: "
Layer thi,ckness ~increase in diameter) 1st layer: 34 ~m 2nd layer: 3Q "
Properties of winding ~ire~:
hardness: B
softening temperature: 245~C
The great resiliency and good ad~esion of the coating is demonstratcd by the fact that after the ~ire w,as stretched to the brea~ing point ~23%), a loop of wire ~ound around its own diameter ~0~6 mm~ was still crack-free.
Tinning abil~ty: at 375QC ~n 6Q/4Q tin-~ase solder; 3.5 s at 42QC " " " " " : 2.0 s Breakdown voltage (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 13.2.2.): 5.0 lcV
Baking temperature ~DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.1): 200C
Resoftening temperature ~DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2): 130C.
Example 2 Coating material:
1st layer: polyether-sulphone of the formula L (~ So2 -~3 - ca . Iaa 2nd layer: 12-polyamide ~as in Example 1~.
Processing conditions:
Extrusion temperature:
1st layer: 315/34Q/35Q/34Q/35Q/37QQC
2nd layer: 165/180,/18Q/l~Q~2QQ/220C
Take-o~f velocity:
1st layer: 2Q0 m/min 2nd layer: " "
Layer thickness (increase in diameter):
1st layer: 42 ~m 2nd layer: 38 "
i.e. a total increase in diameter o 8~ ~m.
Properties of winding wires:
llardness: B
Softening temperature: 255C
Wireloop around its own diameter (a.G ~m~
as in Example 1 still crack-free Breakdown ~oltage (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 1~.2.2); 8~0 k~
Baking temperature ~DIN 46 453, Sec. 18~2.1~: 20ac Resoftening temperature (DIN 46 453~ Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2): 125C
Example 3 Coating material:
1st layer: polyether-ketone of the ormula ~ o -.~ a ~ co -~
2nd layer: 12-pol~amide (laur~c-lacta~ polym,er, Dlelting point about 180C).
Processing conditions:
Extrusion temperatures:
1st layer: 39Q/410/420/420/420/44QC
2nd layer: 165/180/18a/15a~2Qa~220QC
Take-off velocity:
1st layer: 200 m/min.
2nd layer: 2QQ m/min.
Layer thickness: (increase in diameter2 1st layer: 42 ~m 2nd layer: 36 "
i.e. a total increase in diameter of 78 Properties of winding ~ires:
Hardness: B
Softening temperature: 38QC
~ 7 -Wlre loop around its own diameter ~0.6 mm~
as in Example l still crack-free Breakdo~m ~oltage (DIN 46 453, Part l, Sec. 13.2.2): 5.5 k~
Baking temperature (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.1): 2Q0C
Resoftening temperature (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2): 125C
Example 4 Coating material:
1st layer: polyethy~leneterephthala-te pigmented wi~th 8% of titanium dioxide.
2nd layer: polyvinylbutyral, average molecular weight about 100,000.
Processing conditions:
Extrusion temperatures:
1st layer: 240/250/260/270/270/280C
2nd layer: 120/160/18Q/170/170/190C
Take-off velocity;
1st layer: 200 m/min 2nd layer: lQ0 m/min Layer thickness (increase in diameter~
1st layer: 44 ~m 2nd layer: 22 "
i.e. a total increase in diameter of 66 ~m Properties of winding ~ires:
Hardness H
Wire loop around its own diameter after prestretching of the wire -~ crack-free;
Baking test:
Two ends of wire, not in contact ~ith each other, ~Ycre immersed for 5 seconds in solvent and then pressed together. ~dhes~on ~as assessed after pulling apart. When ethanol or methanol were used, adhesion was excellent.
Example 5 Use was made of a lu~ricant-free copper ~ire, insulated ~y conven-tional methods with a polyester-imide-based wire enamel of the W 155/W180 ~ype, having a nominal diameter of Q.95 mm. The oyerall d-iameter of the insulated wire was 1005 mm. The layer thickness ~increase in diameter~ of the first layer _. ~ _.
of insulation was thus 55 ym.
The properties of this wire were as follows:
Pencil hardness 4 H
Wire loop around its o~n diameter (0.95 mm) after 25% prestretching of the wire: several cracks after 20% prestretching of the ~ire; crack-free Peel test: 170 revolutions Softening temperature CDIN 46 453): 340C
Thermal shock (D~N 46 453): 200C
Coating material or the 2nd la~er:
Amorphous low-viscosity polyamide Density (dry) 1.14 Melting temperature (DIN 53736) 196C
Processing conditions:
Extrusion temperature: 210/240/265/280/275/270/280/300C
Take-offvelocity: 5Q m/min Nozzle diameter: 1.09 mm Layer thickness (increase in diameter - 2nd layer) 64 ~m Properties of winding wires:
Pencil hardness, upper la~er: HB
lower layer: 4 H
Wire loop around its own diameter (0.95 mm) after 25% prestretching of the wire: crack-free Peel test: 250 revolutions Softening temperature (DIN 46 453) 340C
Thermal shock (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2) 136C
le 6 Use was made of a lubricant-free copper wire, insulated by conven-tional methods with a pol~ester-imide-based wire enamel and having a rated diameter of 0.40 mm. The overall diameter of the insulated wire was 0.430 mm.
The increase in diameter produced by the basic insulation was thus 30 ~m. The properties of this wire were as follo~s:
_ g _ Surface hardness ~pencil hardness) 4 H - 5 H
Wire loop around its own diameter after 25% prestretching: crack-free Softening temperature (DIN 46 453~ 285C
Thermal shock (DIN 46 453): 250C
Coating material for the second layer:
Extrusion temperature: 310/300/290/280/280/300C
Take-off velocity: 200`m/min Nozzle diameter: 0.445 mm Increase in diameter of 2nd layer: 16 ~m Increase in diameter of total insulation: 46 "
Properties of winding wire:
Surface hardness (pencil hardness) 3 H
Wire loop around its own diameter after 25% prestretching: crack-~ree SoEtening temperature (DIN 46 453); 280C
Thermal shock ~DIN 46 453~ 250C
Baking temperature ~DTN 46 453, Part l, Sec. 18.2.1~: 17ac Resoftening temperature (DIN 46 453, Part 1, Sec. 18.2.2): 136C
r` 10 '''
Claims (5)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In a method of manufacturing insulated electric wire of the enamelled wire type in which a solvent-free thermoplastic material containing at least one partially crystalline thermoplastic polycondensate having crystallites with a melting point above 170°C is introduced into an extruder and extruded at or above the crystalline melting point of the thermoplastic polycondensate onto and around a metal wire so as to form on said wire a thin layer, the improvement comprising extruding a second layer onto and around the first layer using said solvent-free thermoplastic material containing at least one partially crystalline thermoplas-tic polycondensate with a melting point at a temperature lower than those of the polycondensates of said first layer.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the solvent-free thermoplastic material for the second layer containing at least one partially crystalline ther-moplastic polycondensate is different from the thermoplastic material used in the first layer.
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the total thickness of the two layers is less than about 200 micrometer determined as the increase in the diame-ter of the wire.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic material com-prises polyvinylacetal.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the polyvinylacetal is a poly-vinylbutyral.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT798879 | 1979-12-18 | ||
| ATA7988/79 | 1979-12-18 | ||
| AT810679 | 1979-12-21 | ||
| ATA8106/79 | 1979-12-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1161616A true CA1161616A (en) | 1984-02-07 |
Family
ID=25604278
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000367038A Expired CA1161616A (en) | 1979-12-18 | 1980-12-17 | Method for producing doubly insulated winding wire |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0030717B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU536356B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8008215A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1161616A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3044059A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES497812A0 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI803942L (en) |
| IN (1) | IN155208B (en) |
| PT (1) | PT72197B (en) |
| TR (1) | TR21263A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150235736A1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-08-20 | Furukawa Magnet Wire Co., Ltd. | Insulated wire and electric or electronic equipment |
| US20160189824A1 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-06-30 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Rectangular wire, and method of producing the same and electrical equipment using the same |
| US20160189826A1 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-06-30 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Rectangular wire, and method of producing the same and electrical equipment using the same |
| US10501656B2 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2019-12-10 | Elantas Gmbh | Solvent-free wire enamel composition |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0334535A3 (en) * | 1988-03-23 | 1990-12-05 | PIRELLI GENERAL plc | Electrical cable manufacture |
| DE19748529A1 (en) * | 1997-11-03 | 1999-03-04 | Siemens Ag | Insulation of electric wound coils of electric machine |
| DE102011052520A1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | Aumann Gmbh | Device for coating electrically conductive wires |
| DE102021001741A1 (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2022-10-06 | Ulrich Clauss | Cataphoretic dip coating process for web goods |
| DE102021001740A1 (en) | 2021-04-06 | 2022-10-06 | Ulrich Clauss | Coating process for micro flat wires |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2360097A (en) * | 1940-03-21 | 1944-10-10 | Du Pont | Apparatus for manufacture of coated products |
| CH602999A5 (en) * | 1973-09-13 | 1978-08-15 | Schweizerische Isolawerke | |
| CH612789A5 (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1979-08-15 | Maillefer Sa | |
| DE2753917A1 (en) * | 1977-12-03 | 1979-06-07 | Beck & Co Ag Dr | USE OF THERMOPLASTICS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF INSULATED WINDING WIRES IN THE EXTRUSION PROCESS |
-
1980
- 1980-11-22 DE DE19803044059 patent/DE3044059A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-12-11 DE DE8080107816T patent/DE3068265D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-11 EP EP19800107816 patent/EP0030717B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-15 PT PT7219780A patent/PT72197B/en unknown
- 1980-12-16 ES ES497812A patent/ES497812A0/en active Granted
- 1980-12-16 BR BR8008215A patent/BR8008215A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-12-17 FI FI803942A patent/FI803942L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-12-17 CA CA000367038A patent/CA1161616A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-12-18 TR TR2126380A patent/TR21263A/en unknown
- 1980-12-18 AU AU65497/80A patent/AU536356B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1980-12-18 IN IN906/DEL/80A patent/IN155208B/en unknown
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10501656B2 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2019-12-10 | Elantas Gmbh | Solvent-free wire enamel composition |
| US20150235736A1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-08-20 | Furukawa Magnet Wire Co., Ltd. | Insulated wire and electric or electronic equipment |
| EP2927911A4 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2016-08-10 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd | Insulated wire and electrical/electronic device |
| TWI550654B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2016-09-21 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd | Insulated wire and electrical. Electronic machine |
| US9728301B2 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2017-08-08 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Insulated wire and electric or electronic equipment |
| US20160189824A1 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-06-30 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Rectangular wire, and method of producing the same and electrical equipment using the same |
| US20160189826A1 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2016-06-30 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Rectangular wire, and method of producing the same and electrical equipment using the same |
| US10319491B2 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2019-06-11 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Rectangular wire, and method of producing the same and electrical equipment using the same |
| US10325695B2 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2019-06-18 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Rectangular wire, and method of producing the same and electrical equipment using the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PT72197A (en) | 1981-01-01 |
| AU6549780A (en) | 1981-07-02 |
| FI803942L (en) | 1981-06-19 |
| AU536356B2 (en) | 1984-05-03 |
| EP0030717A1 (en) | 1981-06-24 |
| BR8008215A (en) | 1981-07-07 |
| PT72197B (en) | 1981-10-28 |
| ES8201345A1 (en) | 1981-12-01 |
| ES497812A0 (en) | 1981-12-01 |
| DE3044059A1 (en) | 1981-10-01 |
| DE3068265D1 (en) | 1984-07-19 |
| IN155208B (en) | 1985-01-12 |
| EP0030717B1 (en) | 1984-06-13 |
| TR21263A (en) | 1984-03-15 |
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