EP0029199A1 - Coloured lights, for example for luminous advertising, outdoor and indoor lighting - Google Patents

Coloured lights, for example for luminous advertising, outdoor and indoor lighting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0029199A1
EP0029199A1 EP80106932A EP80106932A EP0029199A1 EP 0029199 A1 EP0029199 A1 EP 0029199A1 EP 80106932 A EP80106932 A EP 80106932A EP 80106932 A EP80106932 A EP 80106932A EP 0029199 A1 EP0029199 A1 EP 0029199A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
luminescent
light
colored
lamp according
incorporated
Prior art date
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EP80106932A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinz Dipl.-Phys. Pape
Ferdinand Dr.-Ing. Quella
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP0029199A1 publication Critical patent/EP0029199A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K2/00—Non-electric light sources using luminescence; Light sources using electrochemiluminescence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/08—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements and reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
    • F21V3/06—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by the material
    • F21V3/08—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by the material the material comprising photoluminescent substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
    • F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
    • F21V3/10—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by coatings
    • F21V3/12—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings characterised by coatings the coatings comprising photoluminescent substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
    • F21V7/28—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by coatings
    • F21V7/30—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by coatings the coatings comprising photoluminescent substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F21V9/40—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters with provision for controlling spectral properties, e.g. colour, or intensity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/20—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/04—Signs, boards or panels, illuminated from behind the insignia
    • G09F13/0418—Constructional details
    • G09F13/0472—Traffic signs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to colored lights, for. B. Illuminated advertising, street lighting, signal lights, decorations, indoor and outdoor lighting.
  • Colored luminaires have so far been realized using gas discharge tubes with different fillings and phosphors or by coloring the light source itself or the luminaire housing like a color filter and are therefore only permeable to part of the white spectrum.
  • the invention has for its object to realize color with the simplest possible 'means lights having over previously customary a higher efficiency for the generation of colored light and / or colored light with relatively high intensity. can radiate over any shaped surface (e.g. letters).
  • the primary focus is on organic fluorescent dyes in solid organic solution (e.g. of polymethyl methacrylate).
  • the fluorescent or phosphorescent particles can be organic or inorganic and can be present in (solid) solution or undissolved (pigments) in the housing material or on its surface.
  • the 'luminescent body that part of the luminaire housing into which the photoluminescent particles are incorporated or to which they are superficially applied is called the 'luminescent body.
  • luminescent body With a suitably designed luminescent body, light can be collected over a large area and concentrated on decoupling points that can be easily produced in any shape. In addition to the fact that very nice decorative effects can be achieved by increasing the local intensity, luminous inscriptions and signs can be implemented easily and also very brightly because of the good use of light.
  • An example is a plate-shaped fluorescent body illuminated with fluorescent tubes on the back with decoupling points in letter form. This plate is covered on the side of the viewer by a film or plate which is at least opaque to the fluorescent light and which has transparent interruptions in the area of the decoupling points. Fluorescent body and cover plate form the front of an internally reflective Lechten housing.
  • a transparent material which matches the refractive index as closely as possible with that of the pigment. Scattering losses are thereby kept low and it is possible to form a luminescent body as a light concentrator even with luminescent pigments.
  • a solution in a transparent carrier material is often impossible or has a very serious effect on the phosphorescence.
  • clear, transparent material is provided for guiding the luminescent light.
  • the light guide in colored material is associated with losses.
  • An almost lossless light transmission through the clear, transparent material over certain areas is therefore advantageous in some applications.
  • reflectors are provided for guiding the luminescent light.
  • luminescent light that leaves the luminescent body at points where no decoupling is provided eg narrow sides of a plate
  • the possible room shapes for the light concentrator are expanded, as mirrors enable light to be guided around sharp corners.
  • reflectors are attached to the points on the luminescent body at which the light conduction cannot be maintained due to total reflection for structural reasons (e.g. brackets). This makes losses, for example avoided or reduced on brackets.
  • this cover is permeable to excitation light. This has the advantage that light incident from the observer side also contributes to the excitation of the photoluminescence.
  • luminescent substances fluorescent or phosphorescent particles
  • a luminescent body which has the advantage that the light offered by, for example, a fluorescent tube can be optimally pushed into the absorption region of a luminescent substance using auxiliary dyes.
  • a spatially inhomogeneous distribution of one or more luminescent substances in one or more luminescent bodies is provided.
  • Various decorative effects can be achieved in this way.
  • Fluorescent tubes are preferably used as light sources for the excitation of photoluminescence, since they have a high luminous efficacy and low heat development.
  • a container with a luminescent liquid or an optical fiber bundle is provided as the luminescent body, luminescent substances being incorporated into the light-conducting material.
  • luminescent substances being incorporated into the light-conducting material.
  • 1 denotes a light beam that was generated in the fluorescent tube 2. It strikes a luminescent particle 3 (for example a fluorescent dye molecule), which is incorporated into the luminescent body 4, which is designed here as a light concentrator. Luminescent light 5 is emitted and passed through total reflections in the luminescent body until it strikes the coupling-out points 6 and leaves the plate-shaped luminescent body in the direction of the observer B.
  • the decoupling points here are notches that are filled with a pigment that diffusely reflects the luminescent light.
  • the decoupling points 6 When using a phosphorescent pigment whose absorption spectrum is at shorter wavelengths than that of the luminescent light 5, the decoupling points continue to glow in the dark for up to a few hours when the fluorescent tube 2 is switched off.
  • the decoupling points 6 have the shape of letters, for example.
  • the arrangement is constructed in a housing box 9, which is provided on the inside with a reflective layer 10 (eg white paint).
  • a tubular luminescent body 4 is shown in FIG. 2, in which scattering particles 11 are also incorporated in addition to luminescent particles 3. They couple out the colored luminescent light 5 very quickly (see description of FIG. 1). Illumination is provided by a fluorescent tube 2.
  • FIG 3 shows schematically a lamp in which a Incandescent lamp 12 functions as a light source and a luminescent body 4, which is designed as a light concentrator, forms the lampshade.

Abstract

Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades und/oder lokale Erhöhung der Lichtintensität farbiger Leuchten durch Verwendung eines Lumineszenzkörpers als Leuchtengehäuse oder Gehäuseteil, dessen Material phosphoreszierende oder fluoreszierende Partikel enthält, so dass diejenigen Bereiche des Lichtwellenspektrums, die kurzwelliger als das Licht der gewünschten Farbe sind, durch Photolumineszens zu längeren Wellenlängen verschoben werden.Increasing the efficiency and / or locally increasing the light intensity of colored luminaires by using a luminescent body as the luminaire housing or housing part, the material of which contains phosphorescent or fluorescent particles, so that those regions of the light wave spectrum that are shorter than the light of the desired color are prolonged by photoluminescence Wavelengths are shifted.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft farbige Leuchten, z. B. Lichtreklamen, Straßenbeleuchtungen, Signalleuchten, Dekorationen, Innen- und Außenbeleuchtungen.The invention relates to colored lights, for. B. Illuminated advertising, street lighting, signal lights, decorations, indoor and outdoor lighting.

Farbige Leuchten werden bisher durch Gasentladungsröhren mit verschiedenen Füllungen und Leuchtstoffen realisiert oder indem die Lichtquelle selbst oder das Leuchtengehäuse wie ein Farbfilter eingefärbt werden und deshalb nur für einen Teil des weißen Spektrums durchlässig sind. Im ersten Fall ist man farblich an die Emissionslinien der Füllgase und anorganischen Leuchtstoffe gebunden, im zweiten wird ein großer Teil des erzeugten Lichtes wieder absorbiert und geht damit verloren.Colored luminaires have so far been realized using gas discharge tubes with different fillings and phosphors or by coloring the light source itself or the luminaire housing like a color filter and are therefore only permeable to part of the white spectrum. In the first case, you are bound in color to the emission lines of the filling gases and inorganic phosphors, in the second a large part of the light generated is absorbed again and is therefore lost.

Zur Erzeugung von selbstleuchtenden, weit sichtbaren Aufschriften oder anderen Zeichen werden oft speziell angefertigte Leuchtstoffröhren verwendet. Das ist konstruktiv aufwerdig und daher relatiy teuer Eine einfachere Lösung ist die rückseitige Beleuchtung einer dunklen Abdeckung mit hellen, transparenten Zeichen oder umgekehrt dunklen Zeichen auf hellem Grund. Bei diesem Verfahren geht wieder ein großer Teil des erzeugten Lichtes durch Absorption verloren.Specially made fluorescent tubes are often used to create self-illuminating, highly visible inscriptions or other characters. This is structurally complex and therefore relatively expensive. A simpler solution is the back lighting of a dark cover with bright, transparent characters or conversely dark characters on a light background. In this process, a large part of the light generated is lost again through absorption.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, mit möglichst einfachen'Mitteln farbige Leuchten zu realisieren, die gegenüber bisher gebräuchlichen einen höheren Wirkungsgrad für die Erzeugung von farbigem Licht aufweisen und/oder farbiges Licht mit relativ hoher Intensität . über beliebig geformte Flächen (z. B. Buchstaben) abstrahlen können.The invention has for its object to realize color with the simplest possible 'means lights having over previously customary a higher efficiency for the generation of colored light and / or colored light with relatively high intensity. can radiate over any shaped surface (e.g. letters).

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß ein Leuchtengehäuse oder ein (eventuell zusätzliches) Teil davon mit phosphoreszierenden oder fluoreszierenden Partikeln (Lumineszenzkörper), die in das Gehäusematerial eingearbeitet oder oberflächlich aufgetragen (z. B. lumineszierender Reflektor) sind, vorgesehen ist, so daß diejenigen Bereiche des Lichtwellenspektrums, die kurzwelliger als das Licht der gewünschten Farbe sind, durch Phdtolumineszenz zu längeren Wellenlängen verschoben werden.This object is achieved in that a luminaire housing or a (possibly additional) part thereof with phosphorescent or fluorescent particles (luminescent bodies), which are incorporated into the housing material or applied superficially (e.g. luminescent reflector), is provided, so that those Areas of the light wave spectrum that are shorter than the light of the desired color are shifted to longer wavelengths by phdtoluminescence.

Dabei ist in erster Linie an organische Fluoreszenzfarbstoffe in fester organischer Lösung (z. B.von Polymethylmethacrylat) gedacht. Generell können die fluoreszierenden oder phosphoreszierenden Partikel jedoch organisch oder anorganisch sein und in (fester) Lösung oder ungelöst (Pigmente) im Gehäusematerial oder an dessen Oberfläche vorliegen.The primary focus is on organic fluorescent dyes in solid organic solution (e.g. of polymethyl methacrylate). In general, however, the fluorescent or phosphorescent particles can be organic or inorganic and can be present in (solid) solution or undissolved (pigments) in the housing material or on its surface.

Im folgenden wird derjenige Teil des Leuchtengehäuses, in den die photolumineszierendenden Partikel eingearbeitet oder auf den sie oberflächlich aufgetragen sind,' Lumineszenzkörper genannt.In the following, that part of the luminaire housing into which the photoluminescent particles are incorporated or to which they are superficially applied is called the 'luminescent body.

Die Lösung gemäß der Erfindung bietet drei wesentliche Vorteile:

  • 1. Das Licht, das bei absorbierend eingefärbten Leuchten verlorengeht, beispielsweise bei einer roten Lampe der kurzwellige Spektralbereich etwa mit Wellenlängen /1<600 nm, wird bei Verwendung eines geeigneten Fluoreszenzfarbstoffes ebenfalls absorbiert. Es geht jedoch nicht verloren, sondern wird zum größten Teil (Fluoreszenzaüsbeute > 90 % ist nicht selten) bei längeren Wellenlängen als Fluoreszenzlicht reemittiert. Die Ausbeute an farbigem Licht wird dadurch gegenüber gebräuchlichen, absorbierend eingefärbten Lampen erhöht. Dies kann im praktischen Fall bedeuten, daß eine farbige Leuchte, die bisher mit einer Lampe von z. B. 100 W Leistung ausgerüstet wurde,-mit einer Lampe geringerer Leistung ausgestattet werden kann, um die gleiche Strahlungsintensität durch das Gehäuse zu erzeugen. Die Energieeinsparung richtet sich dabei unter anderem nach der spektralen Energieverteilung der Lampe und der Absorptionsbande des Fluoreszenzfarbstoffes.
  • 2. Die Farbe der Lichtquelle kann durch Austausch des Lumineszenzkörpers (im einfachsten Fall einer Platte) gewechselt werden. Auch automatische Farbwechselvorrichtungen vor weißen Lichtquellen können mit Lumineszenzkörpern bestückt werden. Bei herkömmlichen farbigen Leuchtstoffröhren ist ein derartig einfacher Farbwechsel nicht möglich.
  • 3. In einer wesentlichen Weiterbildung der Erfindung wirkt der Lumineszenzkörper als Lichtkonzentrator. Bei geeigneter Ausführung des Lumineszenzkörpers (hochtransparentes Material, z. B. PMMA, geeignete Formgebung und glatte Oberflächen) wird ein sehr großer Teil des Lumineszenzlichtes (bei PMMA ca. 75 %) durch Totalreflexion an den Grenzflächen im Lumineszenzkörper gehalten und geleitet. Dieses Licht kann nur an den Stellen (Auskoppelstellen) abgestrahlt werden, an denen die Totalreflexion unterbrochen wird und an denen nicht, wie das z. B. an den Schmalseiten einer Platte möglich ist, durch Reflektoren (auch diffuse) für eine Rückführung des Lichtes in den Lumineszenzkörper gesorgt wird. Auskoppelstellen sind z. B. die Schmalseiten einer Platte, Kerben, rauhe oder mit lichtstreuenden Pigmenten bedruckte Teile der Oberfläche, Blasen oder Streuzentren im Material. Die Lichtintensität an den Auskoppelstellen ist dabei um einen Faktor erhöht, der in erster Näherung proportional zum Verhältnis von Lichtsammelfläche/Auskoppelfläche ist.
The solution according to the invention offers three main advantages:
  • 1. The light that is lost in the case of absorbent-colored luminaires, for example in the case of a red lamp, the short-wave spectral range approximately with wavelengths / 1 <600 nm, is also absorbed when a suitable fluorescent dye is used. However, it is not lost, but is mostly re-emitted as fluorescent light at longer wavelengths (fluorescence yield> 90% is not uncommon). This increases the yield of colored light compared to conventional, absorbent-colored lamps. In practical cases, this can mean that a colored lamp, previously used with a lamp of e.g. B. 100 W power was equipped, can be equipped with a lamp of lower power in order to generate the same radiation intensity through the housing. The energy saving depends, among other things, on the spectral energy distribution of the lamp and the absorption band of the fluorescent dye.
  • 2. The color of the light source can be changed by exchanging the luminescent body (in the simplest case, a plate). Automatic color changing devices in front of white light sources can also be equipped with luminescent bodies. Such a simple color change is not possible with conventional colored fluorescent tubes.
  • 3. In an essential development of the invention, the luminescent body acts as a light concentrator. With a suitable design of the luminescent body (highly transparent material, e.g. PMMA, suitable shape and smooth surfaces) a very large part of the luminescent light (approx. 75% for PMMA) is held and directed by total reflection at the interfaces in the luminescent body. This light can only be emitted at the points (decoupling points) where the total reflection is interrupted and where not, such as the z. B. on the narrow sides of a plate is possible, by reflectors (also diffuse) for a return of the light into the luminescent body. Coupling points are e.g. B. the narrow sides of a plate, notches, rough or parts of the surface printed with light-scattering pigments, bubbles or scattering centers in the material. The light intensity at the outcoupling points is increased by a factor which, in a first approximation, is proportional to the ratio of the light collecting area / outcoupling area.

Mit einem geeignet ausgeführten Lumineszenzkörper kann also Licht großflächig gesammelt und auf Auskoppelstellen konzentriert werden, die leicht in beliebiger Form herstellbar sind. Abgesehen davon, daß durch lokale Intensitätserhöhungen sehr schöne dekorative Effekte erzielbar sind, lassen sich leuchtende Aufschriften und Zeichen einfach und wegen der guten Lichtausnutzung auch sehr lichtstark realisieren. Als Beispiel sei ein rückseitig mit Leuchtstoffröhren beleuchteter plattenförmiger Fluoreszenzkörper mit Auskoppelstellen in Buchstabenform genannt. Diese Platte wird auf der Seite des Betrachters von einer zumindest für das Fluoreszenzlicht lichtundurchlässigen Folie oder Platte abgedeckt, die im Bereich der Auskoppelstellen transparente Unterbrechungen von. Fluoreszenzkörper und Abdeckplatte bilden die Frontseite eines innen reflektierend ausgeführten Lechtenghäuses..With a suitably designed luminescent body, light can be collected over a large area and concentrated on decoupling points that can be easily produced in any shape. In addition to the fact that very nice decorative effects can be achieved by increasing the local intensity, luminous inscriptions and signs can be implemented easily and also very brightly because of the good use of light. An example is a plate-shaped fluorescent body illuminated with fluorescent tubes on the back with decoupling points in letter form. This plate is covered on the side of the viewer by a film or plate which is at least opaque to the fluorescent light and which has transparent interruptions in the area of the decoupling points. Fluorescent body and cover plate form the front of an internally reflective Lechten housing.

Im einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß bei Verwendung von Lumineszenzstoffen, die im transparenten Material des Lumineszenzkörpers ungelöst eingearbeitet werden (Pigmente), ein transparentes Material gewählt wird, das im Brechungsindex möglichst gut mit demjenigen des Pigments übereinstimmt. Dadurch werden Streuverluste gering gehalten und es ist möglich, auch mit lumineszierenden Pigmenten einen Lumineszenzkörper als Lichtkonzentrator auszubilden. Besonders bei phosphoreszierenden Stoffen ist eine Lösung in transparentem Trägermaterial oft unmöglich oder beeinträchtigt sehr stark die Phosphoreszenz.In a further development of the invention it is provided that When using luminescent substances which are incorporated undissolved in the transparent material of the luminescent body (pigments), a transparent material is chosen which matches the refractive index as closely as possible with that of the pigment. Scattering losses are thereby kept low and it is possible to form a luminescent body as a light concentrator even with luminescent pigments. In the case of phosphorescent substances in particular, a solution in a transparent carrier material is often impossible or has a very serious effect on the phosphorescence.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist klares, transparentes Material zur Leitung des Lumineszenzlichtes vorgesehen. Die Lichtleitung in eingefärbtem Material ist mit Verlusten verbunden. Eine nahezu verlustlose Lichtleitung durch das klare, transparente Material über bestimmte Bereiche (beispielsweise solchen, die nicht vom Anregungslicht für die Lumineszenz erreicht werden) ist deshalb in manchen Anwendungsfällen von Vorteil.According to a development of the invention, clear, transparent material is provided for guiding the luminescent light. The light guide in colored material is associated with losses. An almost lossless light transmission through the clear, transparent material over certain areas (for example, those that are not reached by the excitation light for luminescence) is therefore advantageous in some applications.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind Reflektoren zur Führung des Lumineszenzlichtes vorgesehen. Mit ihrer Hilfe kann Lumineszenzlicht, das den Lumineszenzkörper an Stellen verläßt, an denen keine Auskoppelung vorgesehen ist (z. B. Schmalseiten einer Platte), in den Lumineszenzkörper zurückgeführt werden. Außerdem werden die möglichen Raumformen für den Lichtkonzentrator erweitert, da Spiegel die Lichtleitung um scharfe Ecken ermöglichen.According to a development of the invention, reflectors are provided for guiding the luminescent light. With their help, luminescent light that leaves the luminescent body at points where no decoupling is provided (eg narrow sides of a plate) can be returned to the luminescent body. In addition, the possible room shapes for the light concentrator are expanded, as mirrors enable light to be guided around sharp corners.

Nach einer Weiterbildung sind Reflektoren (nicht dargestellt) an den Stellen des Lumineszenzkörpers angebracht, an denen aus konstruktiven Gründen (z. B. Halterungen) die Lichtleitung durch Totalreflexion nicht aufrecht erhalten werden kann. Dadurch werden Verluste beispielsweise an Halterungen vermieden oder reduziert.According to a further development, reflectors (not shown) are attached to the points on the luminescent body at which the light conduction cannot be maintained due to total reflection for structural reasons (e.g. brackets). This makes losses, for example avoided or reduced on brackets.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind Bereiche des Lumineszenzkörpers außerhalb von Auskoppelstellen und vorzugsweise in deren unmittelbarer Umgebung durch eine Folie oder Platte abgedeckt, die das Lumineszenzlicht stark absorbiert oder reflektiert. Das hat den Vorteil, daß für einen Beobachter der Kontrast von Auskoppelstellen zur Umgebung wesentlich erhöht wird.According to a development of the invention, areas of the luminescent body outside of decoupling points and preferably in their immediate vicinity are covered by a film or plate which strongly absorbs or reflects the luminescent light. This has the advantage that the contrast of decoupling points to the environment is significantly increased for an observer.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist diese Abdeckung für Anregungslicht durchlässig. Das hat den Vorteil, daß auch von der Beobachterseite her einfallendes Licht zur Anregung der Photolumineszenz beiträgt.According to a development of the invention, this cover is permeable to excitation light. This has the advantage that light incident from the observer side also contributes to the excitation of the photoluminescence.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden mehrere Lumineszenzstoffe (fluoreszierende oder phosphoreszierende Partikel) homogen in einen Lumineszenzkörper eingearbeitet. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß mit Hilfsfarbstoffen das von beispielsweise einer Leuchtstoffröhre angebotene Licht optimal in den Absorptionsbereich eines Lumineszenzstoffes geschoben werden kann. Dabei überlappen Emissionsbande-des einen mit der Absorptionsbande des zweiten Lumineszenzstoffes.According to a development of the invention, several luminescent substances (fluorescent or phosphorescent particles) are homogeneously incorporated into a luminescent body. This has the advantage that the light offered by, for example, a fluorescent tube can be optimally pushed into the absorption region of a luminescent substance using auxiliary dyes. The emission band - one overlap with the absorption band of the second luminescent substance.

Nach weiteren Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ist eine räumlich inhomogene Verteilung von ein oder mehreren Lumineszenzstoffen in einen oder mehreren Lumineszenzkörpern vorgesehen. Dadurch lassen sich verschiedene dekorative Effekte erzielen.According to further embodiments of the invention, a spatially inhomogeneous distribution of one or more luminescent substances in one or more luminescent bodies is provided. Various decorative effects can be achieved in this way.

Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Methoden der Lichtauskoppelung aus dem Lumineszenzkörper vorgesehen, deren Vorteile sich aus dem jeweiligen Anwendungsfall ergeben.According to a development of the invention, a large number of different methods of coupling out light from the luminescent body are provided, the advantages of which result from the respective application.

Als Lichtquellen für die Anregung der Photolumineszenz finden bevorzugt Leuchtstoffröhren Verwendung, da sie eine hohe Lichtausbeute und geringe Wärmeentwicklung haben.Fluorescent tubes are preferably used as light sources for the excitation of photoluminescence, since they have a high luminous efficacy and low heat development.

Nach Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ist als Lumineszenzkörper ein Behälter mit einer lumineszierenden Flüssigkeit bzw. ein Lichtleitfaserbündel vorgesehen, wobei in lichtleitendem Material Lumineszenzstoffe eingearbeitet sind. In beiden Fällen ergeben sich dekorativ sehr interessante Möglichkeiten. Man denke etwa an Luftblasen in einer angestrahlten Flüssigkeit, in der ein Fluoreszenzfarbstoff gelöst ist oder an mit unterschiedlichen Fluoreszenzfarbstoffen dotierte PMMA-Fasern. Im letztgenannten Falle würden abhängig von der Farbe des Anregungslichtes-immer nur bestimmte Fasern an ihren Spitzen leuchten. Beispielsweise in Kombination mit einer Anregungslichtquelle mit einem rotierenden Farbfilterrad davor wären Effekte erzielbar, wie sie bei bisher bekannten Lampen dieser Art mit vertretbarem Aufwand nicht realisierbar sind.According to further developments of the invention, a container with a luminescent liquid or an optical fiber bundle is provided as the luminescent body, luminescent substances being incorporated into the light-conducting material. In both cases there are very interesting decorative possibilities. Think, for example, of air bubbles in an illuminated liquid in which a fluorescent dye is dissolved or PMMA fibers doped with different fluorescent dyes. In the latter case, depending on the color of the excitation light, only certain fibers would always shine at their tips. For example, in combination with an excitation light source with a rotating color filter wheel in front of it, effects would be achievable, which cannot be achieved with justifiable expenditure in previously known lamps of this type.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Figuren, in denen einige Ausführungsbeispiele skizziert sind, erläutert. Für das Verständnis des Erfindungsgedankens unnötige Teile, wie elektrische Zuleitungen oder Halterungen, sind nicht dargestellt. Funktionsgleiche Teile sind mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.The invention will now be explained with reference to the figures, in which some exemplary embodiments are outlined. Parts that are unnecessary for understanding the concept of the invention, such as electrical leads or holders, are not shown. Functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference symbols.

  • Figur 1 zeigt einen Seitenschnitt durch eine Reklameleuchte,FIG. 1 shows a side section through an advertising light,
  • Figur 2 eine Leuchtstoffröhre mit lumineszierendem Gehäuse,FIG. 2 shows a fluorescent tube with a luminescent housing,
  • Figur 3 eine Glühlampe mit lumineszierendem Gehäuse.Figure 3 shows an incandescent lamp with a luminescent housing.

In Figur 1 ist mit 1 ein Lichtstrahl gekennzeichnet, der in der Leuchtstoffröhre 2 erzeugt wurde. Er trifft auf einen lumineszierenden Partikel 3 (beispiesweise ein Fluoreszenzfarbstoffmolekül), das in den Lumineszenzkörper 4 eingearbeitet ist, der hier als Lichtkonzentrator ausgebildet ist. Lumineszenzlicht 5 wird emittiert und durch Totalreflexionen im Lumineszenzkörper geleitet, bis es auf die Auskoppelstellen 6 trifft und in Richtung des Beobachters B den hier plattenförmigen Lumineszenzkörper verläßt. Die Auskoppelstellen sind hier Kerben, die mit einem Pigment ausgefüllt sind, das das Lumineszenzlicht diffus reflektiert. Bei Verwendung eines phosphoreszierenden Pigments, dessen Absorptionsspektrum bei kürzeren Wellenlängen als denen des Lumineszenzlichtes 5 liegt, leuchten die Auskoppelstellen noch bis zu einigen Stunden in der Dunkelheit nach, wenn die Leuchtstoffröhre 2 ausgeschaltet wird. Die Auskoppelstellen 6 haben beispielsweise die Form von Buchstaben. Eine Abdeckplatte 7, die im Bereich der Auskoppelstellen transparent oder unterbrochen ist, absorbiert oder reflektiert Licht, das außerhalb der Auskoppelstellen 6 den Lumineszenzkörper 4 in Richtung des Beobachters B verläßt. Mit 8 ist eine reflektierende Beschichtung an den Schmalseiten des Lumineszenzkörpers bezeichnet. Die Anordnung ist in einem Gehäusekasten 9 aufgebaut, der innen mit einer reflektierenden Schicht 10 (z. B. weißer Anstrich) versehen ist.In FIG. 1, 1 denotes a light beam that was generated in the fluorescent tube 2. It strikes a luminescent particle 3 (for example a fluorescent dye molecule), which is incorporated into the luminescent body 4, which is designed here as a light concentrator. Luminescent light 5 is emitted and passed through total reflections in the luminescent body until it strikes the coupling-out points 6 and leaves the plate-shaped luminescent body in the direction of the observer B. The decoupling points here are notches that are filled with a pigment that diffusely reflects the luminescent light. When using a phosphorescent pigment whose absorption spectrum is at shorter wavelengths than that of the luminescent light 5, the decoupling points continue to glow in the dark for up to a few hours when the fluorescent tube 2 is switched off. The decoupling points 6 have the shape of letters, for example. A cover plate 7, which is transparent or interrupted in the area of the decoupling points, absorbs or reflects light which leaves the luminescent body 4 in the direction of the observer B outside the decoupling points 6. 8 designates a reflective coating on the narrow sides of the luminescent body. The arrangement is constructed in a housing box 9, which is provided on the inside with a reflective layer 10 (eg white paint).

In Figur 2 ist ein rohrförmiger Lumineszenzkörper 4 dargestellt, in den neben lumineszierenden PartikeJn3 auch Streuteilchen 11 eingearbeitet sind, die das farbige Lumineszenzlicht 5 sehr schnell auskoppeln (vergleiche Beschreibung zu Figur 1). Die Beleuchtung erfolgt durch eine Leuchtstoffröhre 2.A tubular luminescent body 4 is shown in FIG. 2, in which scattering particles 11 are also incorporated in addition to luminescent particles 3. They couple out the colored luminescent light 5 very quickly (see description of FIG. 1). Illumination is provided by a fluorescent tube 2.

Figur 3 zeigt schematisch eine Leuchte, bei der eine Glühlampe 12 als Lichtquelle fungiert und ein Lumineszenzkörper 4, der als Lichtkonzentrator ausgebildet ist, den Lampenschirm bildet.Figure 3 shows schematically a lamp in which a Incandescent lamp 12 functions as a light source and a luminescent body 4, which is designed as a light concentrator, forms the lampshade.

Claims (16)

1. Farbige Leuchten, z. B. Lichtreklamen, Straßenbeleuchtungen, Signalleuchten, Dekorationen, Innen- und Außenbeleuchtungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß ein Leuchtengehäuse oder ein (eventuell zusätzliches) Teil (4) davon mit phosphoreszierenden oder fluoreszierenden Partikeln (3) (Lumineszenzkörper), die in das Gehäusematerial eingearbeitet oder oberflächlich aufgetragen (z. B. lumineszierender Reflektor) sind, vorgesehen ist, so daß diejenigen Bereiche des Lichtwellenspektrums, die kurzwelliger als das Licht der gewünschten Farbe sind, durch Photolumineszenz zu längeren Wellenlängen verschoben werden.1. Colored lights, e.g. B. neon signs, street lights, signal lights, decorations, indoor and outdoor lighting, characterized in that a lamp housing or a (possibly additional) part (4) thereof with phosphorescent or fluorescent particles (3) (luminescent body), which are incorporated into the housing material or superficially applied (z. B. luminescent reflector) is provided so that those areas of the light wave spectrum that are shorter than the light of the desired color are shifted to longer wavelengths by photoluminescence. 2. Farbige Leuchte nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß der Lumineszenzkörper (4) in der Weise als Lichtkonzentrator ausgebildet ist, daß auftreffendes Licht durch Photolumineszenzstreuung und nachfolgende (Total-) Reflexionen an den Grenzflächen gesammelt und geführt und dieses Lumineszenzlicht über Auskoppelstellen (6) abgestrahlt wird.2. Colored lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the luminescent body (4) is designed in such a way as a light concentrator that incident light is collected and guided by photoluminescence scattering and subsequent (total) reflections at the interfaces and this luminescent light via decoupling points (6 ) is emitted. 3. Farbige Leuchte nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß bei Verwendung von Lumineszenzstoffen, die im transparenten Material des Lumineszenzkörpers (4) ungelöst eingearbeitet werden (Pigmente), solches transparentes Material gewählt wird, das im Brechungsindex möglichst gut mit denjenigen des Pigments übereinstimmt.3. Colored luminaire according to claim 2, characterized in that when using luminescent substances which are incorporated undissolved in the transparent material of the luminescent body (4) (pigments), such a transparent material is chosen which matches the refractive index as closely as possible with that of the pigment. 4. Farbige Leuchte nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß klares, transparentes Material zur Führung des Lumineszenzlichtes (Lichtleitung) zwischen Lichtsammelflächen untereinander oder zu Auskoppelstellen (6) hin Verwendung findet.4. Colored luminaire according to claim 2, characterized in that clear, transparent material for guiding the luminescent light (light conduction) between light collecting surfaces with each other or to outcoupling points (6) is used. 5. Farbige Leuchte nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß Reflektoren (8) (auch diffuse) zur Führung des Lumineszenzlichtes Verwendung finden.5. Colored lamp according to claim 2, characterized in that reflectors (8) (also diffuse) are used to guide the luminescent light. 6. Farbige Leuchte nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß Reflektoren (nicht dargestellt) an den Stellen des Lumineszenzkörpers (4) angebracht sind, an denen aus konstruktiven Gründen (z. B. Halterungen) die Lichtleitung durch Totalreflexion nicht aufrecht erhalten werden kann.6. Colored luminaire according to claim 2, characterized in that reflectors (not shown) are attached to the locations of the luminescent body (4) at which the light conduction cannot be maintained by total reflection for structural reasons (for example brackets). 7. Farbige Leuchte nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß Bereiche des Lumineszenzkörpers (4) außerhalb von Auskoppelstellen (6) und vorzugsweise in deren unmittelbaren Umgebung durch eine Folie oder Platte (7) abgedeckt werden, die das Lumineszenzlicht stark absorbiert oder reflektiert.7. Colored lamp according to claim 2, characterized in that areas of the luminescent body (4) outside of decoupling points (6) and preferably in their immediate vicinity are covered by a film or plate (7) which strongly absorbs or reflects the luminescent light. 8. Farbige Leuchte nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß Bereiche des Lumineszenzkörpers (4) außerhalb von Auskoppelstellen (6) und vorzugsweise in deren unmittelbaren Umgebung durch eine Folie oder Platte (7) abgedeckt werden, die das Lumineszenzlicht stark absorbiert, und für das Anregungslicht (1) des Lumineszenzstoffes transparent ist.8. Colored lamp according to claim 7, characterized in that areas of the luminescent body (4) outside of decoupling points (6) and preferably in the immediate vicinity are covered by a film or plate (7) which strongly absorbs the luminescent light, and for the Excitation light (1) of the luminescent substance is transparent. 9. Farbige Leuchte nach den Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß mehrere Lumineszenzstoffe (3) (fluoreszierende oder phosphoreszierende Partikel) homogen in einem Lumineszenzkörper (4) eingearbeitet sind.9. Colored lamp according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that several luminescent substances (3) (fluorescent or phosphorescent particles) are homogeneously incorporated in a luminescent body (4). 10. Farbige Leuchte nach den Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß ein oder mehrere Lumineszenzstoffe (3) mit örtlich unterschiedlicher Konzentration in einem Lumineszenzkörper (4) eingarbeitet sind.10. Colored lamp according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that one or more luminescent substances (3) with local differences Licher concentration are incorporated in a luminescent body (4). 11. Farbige Leuchte nach den Ansprüchen 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß mehrere, mit verschiedenen Lumineszenzstoffen (3) eingefärbte Lumineszenzkörper (4) nebeneinander oder schichtweise übereinander angeordnet sind.11. Colored lamp according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of luminescent bodies (4) colored with different luminescent substances (3) are arranged next to one another or in layers one above the other. 12. Farbige Leuchte nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Auskoppelstellen (6) aufgedruckte Pigmente (auch fluoreszierende oder phosphoreszierende), reflektierend beschichtete Kerben, Wölbungen, Schmalseiten des Lumineszenzkörpers eingearbeitete Blasen oder Zusatzstoffe (z. B. zweiter transparenter Thermoplast, Glas) mit stark unterschiedlichem Brechungsindex, Streuzentren im Material (z. B. teilkristallines, transparentes Kunststoffmaterial wie Polyethylentherephthalat, Polyamid) oder eingearbeitete Streuteilchen (auch fluoreszierende oder phosphoreszierende Pigmente) sind.12. Colored lamp according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the decoupling points (6) printed pigments (including fluorescent or phosphorescent), reflectively coated notches, bulges, narrow sides of the luminescent body incorporated bubbles or additives (z. B. second transparent Thermoplastic, glass) with very different refractive index, scattering centers in the material (e.g. partially crystalline, transparent plastic material such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide) or incorporated scattering particles (also fluorescent or phosphorescent pigments). 13. Farbige Leuchte nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß als Lichtquelle Leuchtstoffröhren (2) Verwendung finden.13. Colored lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that fluorescent tubes (2) are used as the light source. 14. Farbige Leuchte nach Anspruch 1 und 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß das Emissionsspektrum der Lampe (2, 12) und das Absorptionsspektrum des Lumineszenzstoffes (3) aufeinander abgestimmt sind.14. Colored lamp according to claim 1 and 13, characterized in that the emission spectrum of the lamp (2, 12) and the absorption spectrum of the luminescent substance (3) are coordinated. 15. Farbige Leuchte nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß als Lumineszenzkörper (4) ein Behälter mit einer lumineszierenden Flüssigkeit vorgesehen ist.15. Colored lamp according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a container with a luminescent liquid is provided as the luminescent body (4). 16. Farbige Leuchte nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß als Lumineszenzkörper (4) ein Lichtleitfaserbündel vorgesehen ist, wobei im lichtleitenden Material Lumineszenzstoffe (3) eingearbeitet sind.16. Colored light according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an optical fiber bundle is provided as the luminescent body (4), luminescent substances (3) being incorporated in the light-conducting material.
EP80106932A 1979-11-15 1980-11-10 Coloured lights, for example for luminous advertising, outdoor and indoor lighting Ceased EP0029199A1 (en)

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DE19792946191 DE2946191A1 (en) 1979-11-15 1979-11-15 COLORED LIGHT, e.g. FOR LUMINOUS ADVERTISING, EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR LIGHTING
DE2946191 1979-11-15

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EP (1) EP0029199A1 (en)
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FR2591717A1 (en) * 1985-12-17 1987-06-19 Agency Ind Science Techn LIGHT SOURCE DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR FOR MANAGEMENT OR OFFICE MACHINE
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FR2630848A1 (en) * 1988-04-29 1989-11-03 Bigazzi Andre Method for signalling and for optical guiding and signalling panels acting as optical guides using photofluorescence and phosphorescence
WO1993015494A1 (en) * 1992-01-29 1993-08-05 Ultralux Ab A method and an arrangement for illuminating flags
US5597226A (en) * 1992-01-29 1997-01-28 Ultralux Ab Method and an arrangement for illuminating flags
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US4382272A (en) 1983-05-03
DE2946191A1 (en) 1981-05-21
JPS5687078A (en) 1981-07-15

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